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/ VOLUME XLJil.J MILLED EE VILLE, GEORGIA, DECEMBER II, 1872. N U M B E R 20. THE Virion & gccorbcr, IS PUBLISHED WEEKLT IN MILLEDGEVILLE. GA., m BOUGHTON, BARNES & MOORE, At $2 in Advance, or $3 at end of the year. S, N. EOUGSfTOJf, Editor. TilH “FEDERAL UNION” Hud the “SOUTH- j:liN RECORDER” were consolidated August 1st, the Union ' i ing in i s Forty-Third Volume and tl.u Recorder in it’s Kill y-Third Volume. ADVERTISING. Transient.—One Dollar persquare of ten lines for first insertion, and seventy-live cents for each Bilbao ijnent continuance. Tributes of respect, KcMilutious by Societies,Obit- narie- ex.' ting **' x lines, Nominations for otiioe,Com munications or Editorial notice s tor individual benefit, charged as transient advertising. LEGAL ADVERTISING. Sheriff’s Sales, per levy of ten lines, or less, $2 50 Mortg Citations for 1 Application fo: “ for Notice to Debtors Saies ot Laud, Aci “ perishable pi Kslray Not it Folec Insure Applications ti fa sales, per square 5 00 liter.- of Administration, i. 3 00 Guardianship,.. 300 di mission from Administration, 3 00 “ •* Guardianship, 3 tMI It ave to sell Land 5 00 Horn ssteftds 1 75 Irs and Creditors, 3 00 per squ ire 5 00 icrty, 10 days, per square,.. 150 ■s. 30 days 3 00 Mortgage, per sq-, each t i me, 1 00 tor Homesteads, it WO Weeks,).... 1 75 LEG AL advertisements. Sales of Land. Ac., by Administrators, Executors or Guardians, are required by law to be held on the first Tuesday lnllie moutlx, between tile hours of 10 in the forenoon and 5 in the afternoon, at the Court House in the County in which the property is situated. Notiee of these sales must be given m a public ga xette -10 days previous to the day of sale. Notices for the sale of personal property must be given in like manner 10 days previous to sale day. Notices to the debtors and creditors of an estate must also be published 40 days. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary tor leave to sell Land, A e., inurt be publish ed for two months. ... Citations tor tetters of A !ufinistration. Guardianship, A.O., must be published 30 days—for dismission from Administration monthly three mouths—l'ordismissiou from Guardianship, lb days. Rules fur foreclosure of Mortgage must be publish ed monthly for four months—for establishing lost pa pers tor the full space of three mouths—for compell ing titles from Executors or Administrators, where bond has h> u given by the deceased, the full space ot three months. Publications will always be continued according to these, the legal requirement- uiiiessotlierwise ordered Book and Job Work; of ail kinds, promptly and neatly executed AT TIliN OFFICE. Agents for Federal Union in New York City GEO. P. ROWELL A CO.. No. 40 Park Row. S. M. PETTiNl.il.L A* CO., 37 Park Row. fy Messrs. Griffin & Hoffman. Newspaper Advertising Agents. No. 4 Smith St., Haltimore, Aid., are duly authorized to contract for advertisements at onr lowest rides. Advertisers in that City are request ed to leave their favors with this house.” c. H- WRIGHT & SON l PRESIDENT’S 51 ESS AGE. REGULWTtGR sr Tbis ULrivalied Medicine is warranted not to con tain a Hiuple particle of Mercury, or any injurious mineral substance, but is PURELY VSG3TA3L3. For FOKTY YKARS it lias proved its great value in all diseases ot the Liver. B*ivvel« and Kidneys. Thouaauds of the ''ood aud great in all parts of the country vouch for its wonderful and peculi k r power in purifying the Blood, stiimilati.'g the torpid Liver and Bowels, and imputing new L and Vigor to the whole system. SIMMONS’ LSVLtt ltEULLATOK is acknowledged to have no equal as a liver asmszoif-rs. It contains four medical elements, nev-r united in the same Imppy proportion in nny oilier preparation, viz: a gentle Cathartic, n wonderful Tonic, an unex oeptionahle Alterative and a certain Corrective of all impurities of the body. Suclt a -ignal -ueeess lias at tended its rtse, that it is now regarded us the Great Unfailing SpesiSc for Liver Complaint and the painful offspring thereof, to-wit: DYSPEPSIA, CO MS H PA CION, Jaundice, Bilious attacks, SICK HEAltAi HE Colic, Depres sion of Spirits, St)UR STOMACH, Heart Burn, &o. Regulate the Liver aud prevent CBILLS AN25 ?3VER. Simmons’ &iver Slotrulator Is manufactured only by J. II. KfilMA .V MACON, GA., aud PHILADELPHIA. Price fl 00 per packago ; sent by mill, postage paid 25. Prepared ready for u4e iu b* : ties, ?1 50. SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS. Ey*Bewa»e of all Ceunterfeitsiaud I in rations. Sept 17, 1872. 8 tin OFFER FOR SALE AT LOW RAT33S, 5.000 yards Heavy Bagging. 5 Tons of Arrow Ties. 16.000 lbs. of Flour, all grades., 10.000 lbs. Bacon Sides. 1.000 lbs. X>caf Bard. SUGAR AND COFFEE. One Car Load Liverpool Salt to arrive. A LARGE LOT OF HOLLOW WARE. Hunt & Robinson Axes. GOOD BOOTS AND SHOES AT FRED HAUG’S. I T HE undersigned runt in- t' nest" enny .... m BOO 1’ ANl) SHOE b-.-i- h ■.•V.4. ness, in ail its branches, at Iti EiVM gs®’«i the Fame old stand, ernbra- jftgz if A cing a laiger vuriety than * 4*-q heretofore. Gentlemen will find every class of finish in Boots and Shoes, warranted. Abo a good supply of Ladies, Misses and &luidren’s Shoes of all qualities and prices. Understand, that none but first clas* goods ar«3 offer ed, and having paid cash, great inducements are of fered. • Oentlomcn’s work mad- to order and .Repairing or all kinds ueatly done us all old customers will testify. FRED HAUG. Milledgeville, Oct 8, 1872. 11 3m To Arrive at t&ilicr’s, The largest Stock English double Guns ever offered in th. city. Milledgeville, Ga., Nov. 26th. 187 '. 182t. SEED RYE AND BARLEY. Choice Goshen Butter in 2 1-2 lbs. packages. 1,000 lbs. Canvassed Rams. S7S.UF AND HOIASSBS. Soaps and Candles. All as good as tho best and as cheap r.s the cheap est. C. fl. WRIGI1T & SON. Milledgeville, Sept 17,1872. 8 tf NOTICE. OTRAYED from my place near No. 13. Central - ’ Railroad on Sun lay last. ONE DARK BAY H- >RSi5 MULE, between the age of five and six years with a white ring nronnd one of bis front feet. Any one giving me any information of him, or taking him up wilt be libornliy rewarded. Address me at Tennilie No. 13. Central Railroad. Georgia. November 224, 1872. 18 2t. A. S. BARNES. THU PLACE TO BUY! SEYMOUR, TIINSLEY & CO., WHOLESALE OROCERS, M^xooisr, ..... OEonoia. VITE RECEIVE NEW GOODS DAILY. WE BUY FROM FIRST CLASS HANDS. WE PAY TT Cat'll tor onr Goods. We are satisfied with’small profits. We guarantee goods as represented, -g We want more business and can't afford to lose any ive have already. Try onr prices—Try our Goods. - WM SIIAM BUSINESS. Remember wheu yoa Come fo Macon don’t fail Call on Macon, Sept 10, 1872. SEYMOUR, TINSLEY & €0. 7 3m W. H. HALL. MEDICAL I. L. HARRIS. CAItD. n OClORS II VLL & HARRIS have associated themselves tor the Practice ot Medicine. Office the one formerly occupied by Judge I. L. Harris as a Law Office UT Calls may bo left at their office day or night. Milledgevilje, Aug 20. 1872. 4 3m DRY COW HIDES WANTED! JJIGHEST CASH PR. CBS PAID FOR DRY COW 11II >E.Sat the Family Grocery of T. A. CARAKER. Milledgevilfe, Oct. 28, 1872. 14 3m PARKER & COLLINS, UI£L£I)tIEVIlI&, GA. YI7TEL make you a g ' * for tSl.'i.X; „ with Ihe I to Si I 7.5. No "slop ’work done at any price. Repairing exe cuted promptly and substantially. Good wagons always on hand and for sale low. TERMS CASH. June 5lh, 1872. 46 7m id Niilr-Niiring linger a>l», ing tor 8145 ■■■pro v emeu to ut lroiu $150 STOYE8, Hardware, fyc. 4% 43® JOSEPH STALEY Has JUST RECEIVED a lot of C () OKING S 7 () VES, of the best manufactures, which lie will sell Cheap for Cash. Now w yonr time to get one as these stoves are ad vancing in price. He also has an assortment of FAKMIWG Ift^rLBAXESTTS CoDaibtinff ot Hoes, Spadin': Forks, Garden Lakes, Guano St rowers, &e. f &c. Also, Axes, Churns, Well-lJuckets, &c. A general ass. itinent of TIN v7ill*. 13, Cheap for Cash. GUNS AND PISTOLS. A full assortment of Also, Hardware, Cutlery, and a variety of goods loo tedious to mention. Call and examine. Milledgeville, Xov 19,1S70. jr 3m JAMES G. BAILIE Ac BROTHER, 205 Broad Sited, Aut/nsta, Ga., ask your attention to a full line of the following goods, which will be soid as low as in any R: other Hoi; CARPEI DEPARTMENT. English Velvet Carpets, English Brussels Carpets, Three Ply and Ingrain Carpets, Venetian Carpets, Cheap Carpets, Floor < >il Cloths, Table Oil Cloths, Stair Carpets and Rods, Mattings, Druggets and Dxir Mats. curtain department. Curtain Materials. Cornices and Bands, Lace Curtains, Muslin Curtains, Window Shades, all sizes, flair Cloths, all widths, Wall Papers and Borders, Beautiful Cbromos. Cat pels, Oti Cloths and Car lams made and laid at short notice. Sept. 24.1572. 9 6m. EROCEBV PEPAKTMEXr Choice Family Groceries, received weekly, Duffieid Hams, English Crackers, Dyspeptics’ Food, Baskets of all kinds, Wood Ware, Brooms and Brushes, Plantation Supplies- GEORGIA MILLS! FLOUR TO THU TRADE. JSP’We are now prepared io supply the trade with our celebrated brands ot Wiley's Pearl Dust, Hyacintlie and Amber, In any quantify. We make the I JEST FLOUR in the market, And our PRICE LTST will compare favorably with those of any first-class Western Mill?. QT We keep al ways on hand BRAN and ^11( >KT»S oi' a Superior Quality. Your orders will receive prompt attention. BOMt & IXANOEBS, November 5th, 1872. MACON, GA. The Oldest Furniture House in the State. PLAT BROTHERS, 2/2 and 2/5 71120A3) S272EN2, GEORGIA, AUGUST K' t-p constantly on hand flic latest styles of lowest to the highest grades. Of every variety manufactured, from the tho lowest to the highest grades. AND Library Suits Complete, or in Single Pieces, At Pri<*sS which cannot fait to suit the purchaser. Nov. 12,1872. 16 6m. R. E. Me REYNOLD S, ZMEHSTiSjiffi *3?XS5T, C AN be found in nis office over Carakor'a Storo at all times -ehcre he will take great pleasure in waiting a, l '' !l ° may favor him with their kind patronage >*d will guarantee satisfaction in all opera- 1 °s«- 17, 1872. 8 3m. FOR SALE rFHK RESIDENCE of the late Isaac A Newell, Sr., in thorough repair, two a*ree of ground attai in-d, with Stables, Gut-Houses, ®c.,&c. The most desirable Residence in the city, nathemost convenient, both ns to location and do- estic comfort. W ill he sold cheap. Those wishing .A n 7 ,V!| I ph ase call on the sufiscribcr, who will taae pleasure in showing them the premises. „ T. F. NEWELL, MiUedgeyffie, Ga., Oct. SSlli, 1872, 112m. THOMAS WOOD, JVext to Lanier House, Macon, Ga. DEALER IN FINE FURNITURE, CHAIRS, MATRESSES, BEDSTEADS, and SPRING BEDS. Wood^Top^ SUITES, iu Flush Hair, Cloth aad Reps. BED-ROOM SUITES io great vanety, Maible aud OAI1PETS. A FINE aBSoriment of Brass. Is, Tapestries, .’Tplv. 2 ply, W T ool Dutch, Cottage and Hemp Rugs, Mats and Curtains, Lauibraquins, mada to order in any style. Window shades, Wall P Druggets.^ Nottingham Lace Curtain , n , „ per, Oil Cloths, (table and floor) Matting, etc., etc. Ail the above at exceedingly law prices. FISK’S Patent Metallic Bnrial Cases and Ca-kets, the best invention known for preserving the dead. Aiso, SELF-SEALING Metalic Cases and Caskets (t wo patents) elegantly finished and handsomest in the market. Washington, December 2,1672. To the Senate and House, of Representatives : In transmitting to you this ray fourth annual Message, it is with thaakfulnes to the Giver of all good that, as a nation, we have been blessed for the past year with peace at home, peace abroad, and a general prosperity vouchsafed to but fsw people With the exception of the recent devas tating fire, which swept from the earth, with a breadth as it were, millions of accumulated wealth in the city ot Boston, there ban been no over shadowing calamity within the year to record, it is gratifying to note how, like their fellow,cit- zens of the city of Chicago, under similar circum stances a year earlier, the citizens of Boston are rallying under their misfortunes, and the prospect ibat llieir energy and perseverance will overcome ail obstacles and show the same prosperity soon that they would had no disaster befallen th.m — Otherwise we have been free from pestileuce, war and calamities which often overtake nations ; and as tar as human judgment can peuetaate the fu ture, no cause seems to exist to threateu onr pres ent peace. ALABAMA CLAIMS. When Congress adjourned iu June last, a ques tion had been raised by Great ilriiain, aud was then pending, which for a time seriously imperill- sd the settlement by friendly arbitration of the grave differences between this government and lhat of Her Bri'annic Majesty’s which by the treaty of Washington had been referred to tho tri bunal ol arbitration, winch had met al Geneva, in Switzerland. The arbitrators, however, disposed of the question which had jeopordiz. J the whole of tue treaty and threatened to involve the two nations in a most unhappy relation to each oilier, iu a manner entirely satisfactory to Ibis govern ment, and in accordance with the views and the policy which it had maintained. The tribunal which had convened at Gem va, iu December, coneleded its laborious session on the 5th of Sep tember last, on which day, having availed itsaif of tbe discretionary power given to it by tho treaty to award a sum in gross, it made iis decision whereby it awarded the sum of fifteen million live hundred thousand dollars in gold as tho iu. demnity to be paid by Great Britain to the United States for the satisfaction of all the claims referred to its cousideratiou. This decision happily dis posed of a loeg standing diff- lenco between the governments, and in connection with another award ina^o by the Geiman Emperor, under a ref erence to him by the same treaty, leaves these two governments without a shadow upon the friendly r.iaiions which it is my sincere hope, may forever remain equally uncluuded. The loport of the agent of the United States, appointed to the amended Geneva Tribunal, accompanied by the protocols of the proceedings of the arbitrators, the arguments of the counsel of both goverments, the award of the tribunal aud the opiuion given by the several arbitrators is transmitted herewith. i have caused to bo communicated to the heads of the three friendly Powers who complied with the joint request made upon them under the treaty, the thanks of the government for the ap pointment of arbitrators made by them, and also my thanks to the eminent personages named by them, and my appreciation of the dignity, pa* tience, impartiality aud great ability with which they discharged their arduous and high func tions. Her Majesty's government has communi cated to me the appreciation by Her Majeslyof the ability anil indefatigable industry displayed by Mr Adams, the arbitrator named on the part of this government, during ttu prjtraeted inquiries and discussions of the tribunal. 1 cordially unite with Her Majesty in the appreciation. It is due to the agent oi the United (Slates before tho tribu nal to record my high appreeiatiuu of tho marked ability, unwearied patience and the prudence aud discretion with which he has conducted toe very responsible and delicate cuti. s committed to him, as it is also dn- to the learned and eminent counsel who attended the tribuuai on Ihe part of this government, to express my sense of the tal ents and wisdom which they [nought to bear in the attainment of the result so happily readied. It will be the province of Congress to provide for the distribution among those who may be en titled to it their respective share of the money to be paid. Although the sum awarded is not paya - bis until a year from tbe date of tho award, it is deemed advisable that no rime be lost in making a proper examination of the several cases in which indemnification may be due I conscquemly re- commeud the creation of a Boatd of Commission ers for the purpose* ll_v the thirty.-.fourth article of the treaty of Washington, the respective claims of the United States and of Great Britain, in their construction of the treaty ot the loth of June, le4fi, defining the boundary line between their respective territo. rit-s were submitted to the arbitration and award of His Majesty tbe Emperor of Germany, to decide which of those claims is most in accordance with the due interpretation of the treaty of 1546. His Majesty the Emperor of Germany having beeu pleased to undertake the arbitration, has the earnest thanks ot this government and of the peo pie of the United States fur tbe labor, pains and care which he has devoted to the consideration of this long pending difference, and I have caused an expression of my thanks to he communicated to liis Majesty. Mr. Bancroft, the ^representative of tho govern ment at Berlin, conducted the ease aud prepared the statement on tbe part of the United States, witli the ability that his past services justified the public in expecting at his hands as a member of the Cabinet at the date, of the treaty, whieh has given rise to the discussion between the two gov ernments. As the Minister to Great Britain when the construction now pronounced unfounded was first advanc d, aud as the agent aud representa tive of tho government, aud to present the case and to receive the award, he has been associated with the question in all of its phages, and in every stage has manifested a patriotic zeal and earnest ness iu tbe inaintainauce of the claim of the Uni ted States. He is eutitled to much credit for the success which has atieudod the submission, after a patient investigation of the case, and of the statements of each party. His Majesty the Empe ror, on tlie 21st day of October last, signed his award iu writiug, decreeing tLe claim ol the gov ernment of the United htates, that the bouudary line between the territories of Her Britauic Maj esty and the United Btates should be drawn tnrougb Haro Channel as most iu accordance with the true interpretation ol lhe treaty eonclu ded on the loth of June, 1846, between the gov ernments of Her Britauic Majesty and the United billies. Copies of the case are presouted on be half of each government, and of the statement on the reply of each, aud a translation of the award are transmitted herewith. This award confirms the United States in their claims to the important archipelago ol islands ly ing between the continent and Vancouver's Is land, which for more than twenty-six years—ever since the ratification of tue treaty—Great Britain has contested, and leaves us, for tho first time in the history of the United States, as a nation, with out u question of disputed boundary between cur territory and the possessions of Great Britain on this continent. It is my greatest duty to acknowledge the prompt aud spontaneous action ot Her Majesty’s government in giving effect to the award iu an ticipation of any request trom tbe government aud before tbe reception in the United States of tbe award signed by the Emperor. Her Majesty bad given instructions for ihe removal of her troops which had been stationed there, aud for the cessa tion of all exercise or claim of jurisdiction, so as to leave the United States in ttie exclusive pos session of the lately disputed t rritory. I am grateful to be able to announce that the orders for the removal of tbe troops have beeu executed, aud that tbe military joint occupation of (San Juan has ceas-d, and tbe islands are now in the exclusive possessiou ot the United States. It now becomes necessary to complete the sur vey and determination of that portion of the boun dary iine through the Haro Channel upon which tbe commission which determined the remaining part of the line were unable to agree ; aud 1 re commend tLe appointment of a commission to act jointly with one which may be named by Her Majesty for that purpose. The' experience of tbe difficulties attending tbe termination of our ad mitted line of boundary att-ir the occupation of the territory and its settlement by those owing allegiance to the respective governments, points to the importance of establishing by natural ob jects or other monuments, the actual iine between the territory acquired by purchase trom Russia or adjoining possessions ol Her Britaaic Majesty.— The region is now so sparsely occupied that no coufiictiou of interests olindiviJuai or of jurisdic tion are likely to interfere to delay or cause any embarrassment of tbe actual Iocattioa ot line. If deferred until the population shall enter and oc cupy the territory, some trivial contest of neigh bors may again array the two governments in an tagonism, and I therefore recommend the appoint ment of a commission to act jointly with one that may be appointed on the part of Great Britain, to determine the line between our territory of Alaska and the possession of Great Britain. THE FISHERIES. of Britain aaj its possessions had uotthoD been had,aud during the session of Congress a question was r&isod, which fur the time, raised a doubt whether a»y action by Congress in the direction IndioateJ would become important. This question has since bees disposed of, and I have received notice that the Imperial Parlia ment and the Legislatures of the Provincial Govern ments have passed laws to carry tlie provison- of the treaty ou the matters referred to into operation. I. therefore, recommend yr.nr early adoption of the leg i-lation in the same direction necessary on the part of this government The joint oommission for determining the boundary 'ine be'wten tho United States aud the British posses sions, between the Lake of Woods and the Rocky Mountains, has organized and entered upon its work. It is desirable that the force be increased in order that Ihe completion of the survey and determination of the line may be sooner attained. To this end 1 recom mend that a sufficient appropriation be made. RELATIONS WITH ROREIGM POWERS. With France, onr earliest ally: Russia, the constant and steady friend to the United States; Germany, with whose government and people we have so many causes ot friendship, and so many common sympa thies, aud with other powers of Enrope, relations are maintained of the most friendly terms. Since my last annual massage tue exchange has been made of ratifications of a treaty with the Austrian- Hungarian Empire relating to naturalization; also of a treaty with the German Emperor respecting consuls aud trade |marks; also of a treaty with Sweden and Norway, relating to the naturalization, of which ties ties have been duly proclaimed. Congress at its last session having made an appropri ation to oarry the expenses of Commissioners on the part of the U. S. to the International statistical Congress at St. Petersburg, the persons appointed in that, char acter proceeded to their destination and attended the session of the Congress. Their report shall in due season be laid before yon. As this Congress meets at intervals of about three years, and holds its sessions in‘.he several countries of Enrope, I submit to year consideration the propriety of extending an invitation to the Congress to bold its next meeeling iu trie United States. The Centennial Celebration to be held in 1576 would afford an appropriate occasion for such a meeting. VIES SA EXroSITIOIf. Preparations are making for an International Expo sition to be held during next year in Vienna on a scale of very great magnitude. " As the tendency of these expositions is in the direction of advanced civi lization, of the elevation of industry and labor, and of the increase of human happiness, as well as greater will b. intercourse and good will' between nations, and as this exposition will he the first which will have been held in Eastern Europe, it is believed that American inventors aud manufacturers will be ready to avail themselves of the opportunity for the presentation of their productions, and will be afteonrged by proper aid and protection. At the last session of Congress authority was given for the appointment of oae or more ageLts to represent this government at the exposition. The authority thus given has been exercised, but in the absence of nnyjappropnation, there is danger that the important benefits whieh the occasion offers wiii, in a large degree be lost to the citizens of the United Stat.s. I recummeuffthesubjectstrongly to yotircon sideration, and recommend that an adequate appro priation be made for the purpose of further aiding American exhibitors at tho Yieuua Exposition. 1 would recommend, in addition to an appropriation ct money, that the Secretary of the Navy be authorized to fit up two naval vessels to transport between our Atlantic cities and Triest, or other most convenient part of Vi- euua and back, their articles for exhibit ion. MEXICO. Since yonr last session, the President of the Mexican Republic, distinguished by his high character aDd by bis services to his country, has died. His temporary successor has been elected with great unanimity by the people, which is a proof of confidence on their part in his patriotism and wisdom, which it is believed will be confirmed by the resnit of his administration. It is particularly desirable that nothing should be left undone by the government of their Republic to strengthen their relations as neighbors and friends. It is much regretted that many lawless acts continue to disturb the quiet of the settlements on the border be tween our territory and that of Mexico, and complaints of wrong to American citizens in various parts of that country are being made. The revolutionary condition in which our neighboring Republic has so long been involved. Las in some degree contributed to this dis turbance, and it is to be hoped that, with the more settled rule of order through the Republic which may be expected from the prebent government, the acts of which just complaints are made, will cease. The proceedings of the Commission under the con vention with Mexico, of the 4th of Jnly, 1868, on the subjeetjof claims, have unfortunately been checked by an obstacle, for the renewal of which measures have been taken by the two governments, which it is be lieved wiil prove successful. visions forth* relief of distressed seamen in foreign counties. No similar provision has hitherto been made for the relief ot citizens indistriss abroad other than seamen. It is understood to be customary with o.her governments to authorize their Consuls to ex tend such relief to their citizens or subjects m certain oases. A similar authority, and an appropriation to carry it into effect are recommended in the case of citizens of the United Stales, destitute or sick. It is well known lhat such citizens resort to foreign coun tries in great uumbers, and though most of them are able to bear the expenses incideut to locomotion there, some through accident or otherwise,become penniless and have no friends at home able to succor them. Persons iu this situation must either perish, or ccrt themselves upon the mercy of loreignera, or be re lieved at the private charge of our own officers, wuo usually, even with the most benevolent disposi tions, have no tiling to spare for such purposes. Should the authority and appropriation asked for be granted, care wiil be taken to carry the beneficence of Con gress into effect that it shall not be unnecessarily or uuwortuily bestowed. THE TREASURY. The moneys received and conveyed into tho Treasu ry during the fiscal year indiug June 30, 1872, were from customs $216,370,286 77: tfom sales of lands, $2,- 575,714; from internal revenue, $130,642,177 72; from tax on national bank circulation, $652,33;'.639; from Pa cific Railroad Company, $7t ,986,187; from customs, fines, etc , $113,644,234; from fees, consular patent laud, etc., $1,183,095 92; from miscellaneous sources, $ tO,412,25191—total ordinary receipts, $46,469,422,- 991; from prera.um on sales of coin $9 f 1,2n3,765; total net receipts, $37,410,686,756; balance iu tlie Treasury Juue 30, i87i, $10,893,570,759, inoiu'.liug $1,822,83j ie- ceived from unava table and total available cash $464, 012.573 lo. l iie net expenditnrn by warrants during tlie same period weie for civil expenses, $16,187,059 20 :Jfnr for eign intercourse, $1,839,3b9 14; for Indians, $7,061,- 728 82, for pensions, $28 533,402 79; for military estab lishment, including fortifications, river and harbor im provements and arsenals, $3,.'i377215 72; for naval es tablishment*, including vessels and machinery aud im provement at navy yard.*, $21,249,999 00; for misceiia- ueous, civil, loclu' ing public buildings, light houses and collecting revenue, $42,958,329 08; for interest ou the public debt, $117,357,839 72; total, exclusive of principal and premium ou public debt, $270,559,695 91; b.i auce in the Treasury June 301b, 1872, $106,564,- 346 94; total. $ 184,042,573 1 5. From the foregoing statement, if appears that the uet reduction oi the principal of ihe debt during the fiscal year, dated June 30th, 1872, was $99,960,253 54. The sum ces of this reduction is as follows: Net ordinary re ceipts during the year, $364,694,*229 91; net ordinary xpenditures, including interest on the public debt, 70,559,695 91, leaving vsurplus ruvenueof $94,134,- 34 00. Add tho amount received from premiums aud su.es of gold in exitess of the premium paid iu bonus purchased, $21,540,370 89, add the amount of the re- ducrion of tlie cash balance at the close of the year, accompanied with ti.e same at the commencement of the year, $3,371:348 65, acd iho total is $99,960,253 54. Ti is slutsmeut treats solely of the principal of the public debt. By the monthly statement of the public debt, which adds together tne priucipai intoiest ac crued to dale, not due, aud deduct* the cash in the 1 ressnry, as aseei mined on tho day of publication, the reduction was $100,544,49. ‘28. The souree of this re daction is as folio as ; Reduction in principal account, $s9,960,003 54; redu tion in unpaid interest aocoun', *3,330,952 96; grand total, $103,290,9.56 50, reduc tion in cash ou hand, $2,746,465 22; grand total $100,- 544,491 28. On the basis of the last table the state ment show a reduction of the public debt, fiom the 1st of March, 1869, to the present time, as follows: From March 1st, 1869, to March 1st, 1870, $87,134,- 782 84 ; from March 1st, 1870, to March 1st, 1871, $117,619,63!) 25; from March 1st, 1871, to March 1st. 1872, $91,895,248 04; from March 1st, 1872, to Novem ber 1st, 187*2, eight months, $61,047,237 84. Total, $363,696,999 S7. With the great reduction of taxation by the acts of Congress at its last session, the expenditures of the government in collecting the revenue will be much re duced for the next fiscal year. It is very doubtful, however, whether any further reduction of so vexa tious a burthen upon any people will be practicable for the present. At all events, as a measure of justice to the holders of the nation’s certificates of indebted ness, I would recommend lhat no more legislation be had on this subject, unless it be to correct errors of omission, or commission in the present laws, until suffi- t-bat they are not only of national intern t, |. ut that when completed they wilt be of a value ocranicaeurate with their c.*»st. That production increases more rrnh'ly than the means of transportation in our country, has been de monstrated by past experience, and Hint the c.npreoe- den’edgrowth in p- pulation and the products of the whole country wi'l require additional fncilit es and cheaper ones for the more bulky articles of commerce to reach tide water and a market, will bo deu'itnded in the near future, is equally demonstrated. I would, therefore suggest a Committee of Commission to bo authorized to consider this whole quest ion, and tore- port to Congress at soma future day. for its better guidance in legislating on this important subject. The railroads of the country bave been rapidly extended daring the last lew years, to meet the growing demands of producers, uuu reflect much credit upon the capitalist* and managers in their construction. In addition to these, a project to facilitate commerce by the building of a ship ca nal around Niagara Falls, on tbe United States side, which has been agitated for many years, will no doubt be called to your attention this season. Looking to the great future growth of the coun try and tbe increasing demands of commerce, it might be well, while on this subject, not ouiy to have examined and reported upon the various practicable routes connecting the Mississippi river with tide water ou the Atlantic, but tho feasibility of au almost continuous laud-lucked navigation from Maine to the Gall* of Mexico* Such a route along our coast would be of great value ut all limes, and of inestimable value in esse of a foreign war. Nature has provided tho greater part of this route, and the obstacles to bo overcome nro easily within tbe skill of tho engineer. I have not alluded to this subject with tho view of having any further expenditure of tho public money at this Lime than may be necessary to procure and place all the necessary informa tion before Congress in an authentic form, to en able it hereafter, if deemed practicable and wor thy, to legislate on the subject without delay. NAVY DEPARTMENT. The report of the Secretary of the Xavy here with accompanyiugtexplains fully the condition of that branch ot the public service, its wants and deficiencies and increased expenses dining the past year, appropriations for the same. It also gives a complete history of the service ol the na.y lor the past year, iu addition to its regular ser vice. It is evident that unless early steps sre taken to preserve our navy, that in u very few years the United States will ho the weakest na tion upon the ocean of all the Great Pi'.vers-— With an energetic, progressiva business people like ours, peneiratiug aud forming business re lations with every part of the known world, a na vy strong enough to command the respect of our flag abroad is necessary for the rati pi erection of their right. I recommend tho careful considera tion by Congress of the recommendations made by the Secretary of tho Navy POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT. The commissioners appointed pnrsuunt to a joint res olution ot Congress of the 7th of May last, to inquire into the depredations ou the Texan frontier, have dill In my lastj annual message, I recommended that legislation was neeessary on the part of the United Slates to bring into operation the articles of the treaty of Washington of May 8tli. 1872, relating to the fi'-:lieriee, and to other matters touching the reie.tioas of the United States toward British North American Coffins and Caskets in Rosewood, Mahogau'y', Black "Walnut, Cedar a ud eommoa woods. Ail at greatly j possessions, which would become operative so soon as reduced prices. CALL AND SEE. I keep a full assortment of all goods i it my line. propei- legislation should be had on the part of Great Koveuibo; oth, * Hum. | Untom ttuu us possessions. Xlutt legislation on tho port gentiy made investigations in that qnarter. Their re searches were necessarily ineompleto, partly ou ac count ottlie limited appropriation made by Congress. Mexico, on the part of that government, has appointed a Search Commissioner to investigate tbe outrages- It isnotaun.-unced officially, but the President of that country says the fullest investigation is desired, aud the co-operation ot all parties concerned is iuvited to secure that end. Therefore I reeotninend a special appropriation at the earliest day practicable to ena ble the commissioners ou the part of the United States to return to their labors without delay. CUBA. It is with regret I have again to announce the cod- tinHauce of the disturbed condition of the island oi Cuba. No advance toward the pacification of the dis contented part of the population has been made, while tbe insurrection has gained no advantages, and ex hibits no moie tbe elesaents of its power of ultimate success than was exhibited a year ago. Spain, on the other hand, lias not succeeded in suppressing the in- surrection, and both parties stand apparently in the same relation to eacli other, which they have occupied for so long a time. The contest has lasted now for more than four years, aud were it at a distance from our neighborhood, we might be indifferent to the re sult although it could not be removed oy marking its incidents whenever they might occur. It is however, at our door, and I cannot doubt that the continued maintenance of slavery in Cuba is among the strong est inducements for the continuance of this strife. A terrible wrong is the natural cause of a terrible evil. The abolition of slavery and the introduction of other reforms in the administration of the government in Cuba, could not fail to advance the restoration of peace and order, and it is greatly to be hoped that the present liberal government in Spain will voluntarily adopt this view. The taw of emancipation which was passed more than two years since, has remained unexecuted in absence of regulations for its enforce ment. It was but a feeble SLep toward emancipation, but it was a recognition of rights, and was hailed as such, and exhibited Spain in harmony with humanity and of justice, aud in sympathy with tlie other pow ers of the Christian and civilized world. Within the past few weeks, regulations for carrying out the law of emancipation have been announced, giving evidence of the sincerity of the intention of the present government to carry into effect the laws ot 1870. I have not failed to urge tbe consideration of the wisdom of the policy of Ihe justice of a more effective system for the abolition of the great evil whic h oppresses the race and continues a bloody and destructive contest close to our border, as well as tbe expediency and justice of conceding reforms, of which the piopriety is not questioned. I am deeply impresseu willi the conviction that the continuance ot elaveiy is ouoot the most active causes of the continuance of the unhappy condition in Cuba, end I regret to be lieve that cilizeus of the United States, or those claim ing to b> such, are large holders in Cuba of wnat is there claimed as property, but which is forbidden and denounced by the laws of the United States, and that they are Ibus, in defiance of the spirit of our iaws, con tributing to the continuance of this distressing ami sickening contest. In my last annual message I referred to this subject, aud I again recommended such legislation aa may be proper to denounce and, if not prevent, at least to discourage American citizens from holding or dealing in slaves. It is gratifying to announce that the ratifi cations of ttie convention conoladed under the auspices ot Uiis government between Spain on the one point, aud the allied Republics of tbe Pacific on the other, providing for an armistice, bave been exchanged. A copy of the instrument is herewith submitted, and it is to be hoped that this may be followed by a perma nent peace between the same parties. The differences which at one time threatened the maintenance of peace between Brazil and tlie Argen tine Republic, it ia hoped, are to tne way of satisfac tory adjustment With these States, as with the Re publics of Central and South America, we continue to maintain tlie most friendly relations. It is with re gret, however, I announce that the government of Venezuela has made no further payments on account of the awards made under tbe convention of the 25th of April, 1866. That Republic is understood to be now almost, if not quite, tranquil, and it is hoped that it will lose no time in providing for the unpaid bal ance of ; ts debt to tho United States, which, having originated in injuries to our citizens by the Venezue la:; authorities, and having been acknowledged pursu ant to a treaty in the most solemn form Known among nations, and which would seom to deserve a preference over debts of a different origin, contracted in a differ ent manner. This subject is agaiu recommended to the attention of Congress for such action as may be dimmed proper. JAPAN. Onr treaty relations with Japan remain unchanged. An imposing embassy trom that interesting and pro gressive nation has been visiting this country during the year that is passing, but, being uuproviue.l with powers for the signing of a convention in this coumry, no conclusion iu that direction was reached. It Is hoped, however, thaqthe interchange of opinions which took place during their stay io this country has led to a mutual appreciation of the interests which may be promoted when the revision of the existiug treaty shall be undertaken in this connection I leuew my recommendation of a year ago that, to give impor tance and add to tbe efficiency of onr diplomatic rela tioQs with Japan and China, and to further aid in re taining the good opinion of those people, and to secure to the United States its share of the commerce destin ed to flow between those nation* and the balance of the commeiciai world, an appropriation be made to support at least one American youth in each of those countries, to serve as a partot tne official family of our Ministers there. Our repreeeualivee would not eveu then be held upon an equality with the repre- tativos, of Great Britain, nor of some other powers. As now situated, our representatives in Japan aud China have to depend for interpreters and translators upon natives of those countries, who know our lan guage imperfectly, or procure for the occasion the ser vices of employees in foreign business booses, or the interpreters of other foreign ministers. 1 renew my recommendation made on a previous occasion, of the transfer to the Department of the In terior, to which they soeoi more appropriately to be long, of all the powers and duties in relatiou to Terri tories, and with which the Department of .State is uow charged. By the taw, or by o us tom, Congress from tho beginning if the government tiaa wisely utadc pro- eieut time has elapsed to prove that it can be dune, and still] leare sufficient revenue to meet the current expenses of goverupicnt. pay the interest on the pub lic debt, and provido for the sinking fund eotabli-hod by law. i’he preservation of our nationai credit is of the highest importance. Next in importance lo this comes a solemn duty to provide a national currency of fixed, unvarying value as compared with gold, as suou as practicable, having due regard tor the interests of the debtor class, and tho vicisbitudes of trade and com merce, convertible nto gold at par. THE War department. Tile report of tne Secretary of War shows the ex penditure ot the War Department for the fiscal year ending June 3llth, 1871, to be $3,579,991 82, and tor the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1872, to be $35,372,15720 showing u reduciiou iu favor of the last fiscal year of $42, ,334 62. The estimates for military appropriations lorllienext fiscal year ending Juue 30th, 1874, are $33,801,478 78 Tne estimates of the Cbiets of Engineeis are submitted separately, as also for fortifi cations, river and harbor improvements, aDd for pub lic buildings and grounds, and the Washington aeque- ducts. The affairs of the Freedmen’s Bureau have ail been transferred to the War Department, and regulations have been pat into execution for tho speedy payment ot the bounty, pay, etc., due colored sot-tiers, and properly coming under that bureau All war accounts for money aud property prior to 1871, nave been ex* amined and transmitted to the Treasury for final set tlement. During the fiscal year there has been paid for trans portatiou on railroads $1,390,000, of winch $306,857 was over the Pacific railroads; for transportation by water, $626,373 52, atm by stage $4,897,585; and for tho pur chase aud transportation of animats, wagoas, hire of teamsters, etc., $924,t>uO 61. About $370 Ooil have boon collected from Southern railroads during the year, leaving about $1,900,000 still due. Tbe Quartermaster has examined and transmitted to the accounting officer for selllement $367,712 72 of claims by loyal citizens for Quartermaster’s stores taken during ihe war. Subsistence and supplies to tlie amount ot $3,91)4,81*2, have been issued to tho Indians. The annual average mean strength of the army was 24,101 white and 2 494 colored soldiers. The total deaths for the year reported were 367 white and 51 colored. The distribution of the “Medical and Surgi cal History of the War’ is yet to be ordered by Con gress. There exists an absolate necessity for a medical corps of tho full number established by act of Congress of July28,1866, there being now fifty—nine vacancies, uuu the number of successful candidates rarely exceeds eight orton in any one year. MISCELLANEOUS HATTERS. The river and harbor improvements have been car ried on with energy ami economy, though many are only partially completed. The results have saved to commerce with the greater depth of channels, a greater security m navigation, anil the saving of time adds mil lions to Lhe wealth of the country and increases the resources of tlie government, the Dridge across tiio Mis- siissppi river at Rock Island nas beeu completed, anil tlie p oper site has been determined upon lor the briuge nt La Crosse. Tue able ami exhaustive report made by the Commissioner appointed to investigate the 3utro Tunuet has beeu transmitted to Congress. Tueonservatiuns and reports ot the Signal office have been continued, and stations have been maintained at eacn of tho principal lake, seaport aud rivei cities. Ten additional stations have beeu established in the Un tile Stales, and arrangements have been made for au exchange of reports with Canada, aud a similar ex change of observations is contemplated with tho West India Islands. The favorable attention of Congress is invited to the following reoommondatious ot the Secretary ot War A discontinuance of the appointment of extra lieuteu ants to serve as Aujutant* aud Quartermasters; the adoption of a eo le providing specific penalties for well defined offences, so that the inequality of senten ces au judged by courts-mat tial may be adjusted. the consolidation of aocounts under which expenditures arc made, as a measure of economy; an appropriation of the money for the construction of a depot ut San An tonio, the title to the site being now perfected; a spe cial act placing the cemetery at the City of Mexico on tne same basis as other national cemeteries; anthority to purehasesites for military posts in Texas; the appoint ment of commissary sergeants from the non-commis sioned officers, as a measure fur securing the better care anil protection of supplies; an appropriation for the publication of tne catalogue aud tables of the uu- utoumtica! section of tbe Army Medical Museum; au appropnati in ot the amount for the manufacture ot breech loading arms, should the selection be so delay ed Dy the board ot officers ns to leave the former ap propriation uuexpeuded at the end of the fiscal year; the sale of such arsenals east of the Mississippi as can be spared, and tue proceeds applied to the es tablishment of one large arsenal for construc tion and repair upon the Atlantic coast, and the purchase of a .suitable site fora proving and experi mental ground for heavy ordinance; tbe abrogation of iaws which deprive inventors in tiie United States ser vice from deriving any benefit from their inventions; the repeal of the law prohibiting promotions in the staff corps-, a continuance of the work upon coast defences; repeal of the seventh section of the Act otjjmy 13, I860, taking bom engineer soldiers the per diem grant ed to other troops; limitation of time for presentati-jo of oid warclaiins for suosis ence supplies unde, tbe act of July 4,1864; and a modification iu tho mode of the selection of cadets for the Military Academy, in older to entrance the usefulness of tbe Academy, which is im paired by reason of the iarge amount of lime necessa rily expeuded in giving new cadets a thorough knowl edge of the mere elementary branches ot learning, winch they should acquire before entering tbe Acad emy, also an appropriation for philosophical apparatus; an increase innuinber and pay of the Military Acade my band. f he attention of Congress will be called during the present session to various enterprises for tbe more cer tain and cheaper transportation of the constantly in creasing surplus of Western and Southern products lo the Atlantic and seaboard. The subject is one that will lores itself upon tlie legislative branch of the gov ernment sooner or later, and I suggest, therefore, that immediate steps be taken to gam all available infor mation to insura equable aud just legislation. One route to connect lira Mississippi Valley with the Atlan tic at Charleston, 8 C.,Savannah, Ga., by tlie way ot the Ohio and Teunessee rivers, and canals and slack water navigation to tbe Savannah aud Oomuigee riv ers—has beeu surveyed, and a report made by an ac complished engineer, an officer of tbe army, bwoud aud third new routes will be proposed lot the consideration of Congress, namely; Au exLemiou of the Kauawna and James River Caual to the Oiuo aud an extension, of„ the Chesapeake aud Ohio Ca nal. I am not prepared to reoommoud government aid to tb@40 ot vtisw hiiteiptiood until it id clearly shown The accompanying report of the Postmaster General furnishes a full aud satisfactory exhibit of the operations of the Post Office Department daring tiie year. The revenues of the Department for tbe fiscal year ended Joue 30tli, 1872. amount ed to $21,915,426 37, and the expenditures to $26,658,197 31. Compared with the previous fis cal year, the increase of revenue was $H7,839,* 095, or 937 per cent*, and the increase oi expendi tures $2,268 088 23, or 9*29 per ceut. Adding to tbe ordinary revenues the anuusi appropriarim. of $700,000 for free matter, and the amounts paid to subsidized mail steamship lines from special apv propriations, the deficiency paid out of lira gen eral treasury was $3,217,765 94, all excess of $389,707 28 over the deficiency for the year 1871. Other interesting statistical information relating to our rapidly extending postal services is fur nished in this report. The total length of rail road mail routes ou the 30th of June, 1672, was 57 911 miles, 8,077 additional miles of such ser* vice having been put into operation during tho year. Eight new lines of railway post office* have been established, with an aggregate length of 7,909 miles. The number of lettois exchanged in the mails with fortigu countries was 24,302,- 500, an increase of 4.066,502, or twenty per cent, over the number iu lo7i, and the postage thereon amounted to $1,871,257,25* The total weight of the mails exchanged with European countries ex* ceded 829 tons. The cost of the United States trans-atlantic mail steamship service was $22,- 030,170. The total cost of tho United Status ocean steamship service, including tbe amouuts paid to the subsibizod line of mail steamers, was $102,- 702,097. The following are the only steamship lines now receiving subsidies for mail service under special acts of Congress The Pacific Mail Steamship Company receive $500,000 per annum for con veying a monthly mail between San Francisco, Japan and China, which wiil be increased to $],- 000,000 per annum, fora semi-monthly mail, and after October 1st, 1873, the United States and Brazil Mail Steamship Company will recoivn $50,000 per annum, for conveying a monthly mail between New York and Rio de Janeiro anil Bra zil ; and tbe California, Oregon and Mexico Steamship Company receive $75,000 per annum, for conveying a monthly mail between San Frau - cisco and Honolulu, Hawaiau Islands, making the total amount of mail steamship subsidies at present, $725,000 per annum. Our postal communications with all parts of the civilized world have been placed upon a must ad vantageous footing by the improved postal con ventions aud arrangements recently concluded with the leading commercial countries oi Europe and America, aud tbe gratifying statement is made that, with the conclusion of a satisfactory conven tion with France, tba details ot which have been definitely agreed to by tbe bead of the French Postal Department, subject to the approval of the Minister of Finance, little remains to be accom plished by treaty for some time to come. With respect either to the reduction of rates or the im proved facilities of postal intercourse, your tavor- abie consideration is respectfully invited to the recommendations made by the Postmaster General for an increase of service from monthly to semi monthly trips ou the mail steamship route to Bra zil ! for a subsidy in aid of tbe establishment of an American line of mail steamers between San Francisco, New Zealand and Australia ; for tho establishment of post offices, savings banks, and for the increase of salaries of the heads of bureaus. I Lave heretofore recommended the audition of the franking privilege, and see no reason now for changing my views on that subject. It not hav ing beeu favorably regarded by Cougress, howev er, I now suggest a modification of that privilege to correct its glaring aud costly ,abuses. I would recommend also the appointment of a Committee of Commission to take into considera tion the best method equilaole to promote corpo rations who have invested their time aud capital in es(ablisning telegraph lines ; ot acquiring all teU egrapb Hues now iu operation, and of connecting this service with tbe postal services of tbe nation. It is not probable that this subject could receivo the proper consideratiouj during the limits ot a short session of Congress, but it may bo initiated so that further action may be fair to the govern ment and to private parties concerned. There are uow but three lines of ocean steamers, namely : The Pacific Mail Steamship Company, between San Francisco, China and Japan, with provision made for senii-mouthiy service after October 15th, 1673 ; the United States aud Bra zilian line, monthly, and the Califfirnia, New Zealand and Australian line, monthly, plying between the United States and foreign ports and owned and operated under our flag. I earnestly recommend that such liberal contraetst or carrying the mails be aurthorized with these lines as wiil insure their continuance. If the expediency of extending the aid of the government to lines of steamers which hitherto have not rceeived it should be deemed worthy of consideration by Cougress, political aud commercial objects make it advisable to bestow such aid eu a line under onr flag between Panama and tbe western South American pons. By this means much trade uow diverted to other countries might bo brought to the United States, to tbe mutual advantage ot tho country and those lying in that quarter of tho continent of America. The report of the Secretary of the Treasury will show an alarming faliing off in our carrying trado for the last ten or twelve years, and then tor the past year. I do not kelieva that the public treas ure can be better expeuded in the interest of the whole people than in^trying to recover this trade. An expenditure of $5,000,000 per annum lor tho next five years, if it would restore to us our pro portion ;of the carrying trade of the world, should be profitably expended. The price of labor in Europe bus to much enhanced within the last tew years that the cost of builaing aud operating ocean steamers in the United States is not so much greater than in Europe, that I believe the proper time has arrived for Congress to take this subject into serious consideration. department of justice. Detailed statements of Lhe disbursements through the Department of Justice will be furnished by the Re port of the Attorney General, and tbougu these have been somewhat increased by the recent acts of Con gress, to enforce the rights of citizens of the United States to vote in the several States of the Uuiou and to enforce the propositions of the Fourteenth Amend ment to Ihe Constitution of the United States and the enactments tnereto, we cannot question the necessity and salutary affect of these enactments. Reckless and lawless men, I regret to say jiave associated themselves together in seine localities, to deprive other oitizens of those rights guaranteed to them by the Constitution of the United States, and to that end have committed deeds of a bioodnd violence ; but the prosecution and punish ment of many of these persons have tended greatiy to the depression of such disorders. I do uet leubt that great many of tlie people in alt parts of tho country favor the full enjoyment, by al! classes of persons, of those rights to whieh they are entitled nmlcr the Con stitution and laws, and I invoke the aid aud influence ot all good citizens to prevent organizations whose objects ve, by unlawful means, to interfere with these rights