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be * JdJ j*j| d feg T | L | J>
Savannah. Ga.
and at the Post Offlee lu Sa
a asSceoDd f laaa Matter.
* 3 '
Georgia Affairs.
Ihmr Journal learns that on
1 Eisht of last week Mr. James I.
- ' T(ff cr eek. in the eastern por
w . i;;?y, suffered a considerable
. barn, stabies, corn, fodder,
&■' j ton of guano were cob
together with five mules,
i--' ' j! res acd several hogs. The
to be the work of an incen.
-f ... . . ,fy StKi re;>orts that Dr.
" r „t,>n a most skil ful miner and
i gaqjogist, visited the Asbestos
. * nixie east of Mon
**• " himself highly pleased with
Men who have every means of
r V. . r there is an abundance of the
C * ...ds in ibis mine, and that they are
mp.ains that the La
i ..nal Association of Athens worked
- 1 for years inrai ia? the money to
it was generally understood that
1 , . m nnment as completed the city
. - ■ui 1 pat an iron railing around
- - the shaft was put
j • %;J complete and paid for. and
, f any fence or railing around
/•., .|..(0l "ihe camps of the
T-' -rn convicts. Which are now located
'•Ubor and Brunswick itailroad, are to
£ V j, >he camps of the Marietta and
x '„ rgia Railr. a-) Captain Nelms says
.- r re • about 1.1.V1 eonvicto in the
„ . t. i. esmps . f the State. Ihe largest
„ ;‘ B „ r .y . -,m pi i< at th Dade Koad
about 350 at work in
• says that the uum
!;r ert muds is yearly decreas
. . it the ib-eretse for the years 1873
'• .'ai. a ut . ... per cent., aiid that it
*i a r ip ;r c- P. tir the ye r itWu, which
Tte Ta -t'=*;i i.'-pCff anil Stan.lard re- j
•*.t.v.ti up > the Talnotton Kaitroad I
-i ir—ai_- rap-liy. aad wih be completed I
r ari> y p.e ident Thornton and as- |
. su.-- .‘.re utt: in tting in tueir labors to push
tie road t., a speedy termination. The point
i .; > up to last evening
,'i, • Vhiif mile from the main road cross
i. Mj r i.. ii Muitb s plantation, which
tn three .-tr-es of the track completed.
u a v t rv sub tantial
Bseow. t!w roaubed ben g made firm a.; the
•enmen xvivance. There is m> doubt but that
• --*<. c- mpletcd to Talbotton inside
Adg::a .V ’■ -i. "Work on the Augusta and
Lit ae head is progressing rapidly, and
:te ispects at-- cr .re than bright. Although
c- :...> ot the tt- are iieing effered, there
• s srong demand for them, a* and n.any in
pi -a here and at a distance have been re
- ten thousand dollars could
easily be- li, ia resoonse to inquiries.”
i;.: s 'Tiroiiiiic and Cunutitutionalist
-i toe ps* tw days Corsner Picquet has
>,i t inquests on bodies of infants. Tues
■ty it, t:iv a body was found on Taylor
*et ds'airea.-y mentioned, and yesterday
smug ann her body was found inthecui
mtumr Haw k's fiully Tu ehi and bad been
- WEedby eig .ts tied £t>out the body. Ver
ci infanticide were rendered in each in-
AiltMa J'cf Wednesday: •‘To
hjinthe Mac.in train was coming in Shell
.4.1* n. a negro b iv, attempted to get on as
s*is passing the Macon depot, but unfortu>
Mteiy he i-.is aim and fell between the
; over his right leg
s> te tee kn-e atiii cutting it off. He was
act r a carriage to his home on Summer
: .c r_- • Cle.’and,while
cui .r ‘oaxe chestnut post*, ha-t a sharp
J*r, kka-h he sunk deep into the instep of his
t. severing rhe leaders, and probably crip
f.:j hunicr life.”
nwJ. "Mr. W. M. McAfee of
>, La; a fine horse stolen from his
> ix- .iEe t.iht last wer-k, n twitlistanding
1 was locsed befure the steed was
f: A negro man was suspected, and Cap
's J ! McAfee ime to Dawson last Friday
S .T sr ' „" f t,:e missing horse and its sable
• He a eertamed from parties residing
• 'ere her.- ar.d Suiiihville that a negro had
‘TV*® ’• •j n K >a the direction of Dawson on
wttch answered to the description of
ErsEi-len animal."
x-xe Atlanta P#st-Apjteal states that a few
ago kiss ilattie bniith, a young miss of
i-r four.-years of age. |and the
" ? * r . * -*, r ' Smith who resides on
,>•'ve-et. m that city, went to the well to
i. i tiicg-t. if w ater When she got to the
vw>tefonncl the welt-rope had got off the
*T.*‘r • “ r ' ! sh *t stepped upon the
'Jw Lr the rope. As she (id so
l . 'i ppea and she was precipitated into
r 'f fr otri '*• fortunately there
• 1 orei woman standing near by when
happened who gave tbe
• • ,i ' tluit.- were at once made
*J 1 [f,, 5 If r girl st the bottom
c". _“T< *H il >!, e ..maintained a noble pres
- and dung to the well-rope until
i an-,,. ,rom above Hattie descended
rurect tx <• and got pretty badly shook
• , having one of herankl s
i’u J h" Her escape from death
f ‘ incrvelous. she remained in
•* “:r y j minutes before she
aaa iricn her jierilous position.
a J l,! t rn :' : . " Wr - W. K. Webb, of Ter
6vl the litxsf .rtuue to lose his
T " u f e ? x h |V ° the sight of February
1 ,us h >u.stbold and kitchen
: wearing apparel were
& ,' n ? ,n o' the fire is not deftaiteiv
♦ij. . ; •- tauught to have been the work
a , i" ;‘f r y A : trong circumstance that
‘"'j ' sle that the house wai set on fire ]
- V .j . - e first discovered in a por
t- .‘ | :i. i g where no fire had li en '
*‘" rn Jir - ‘'ebb went to his well to
® a£ er with which to subdue the
' l; 'J ? ,bat the bottom of the bucket
a-• , Kc . ou! Mr Webo’s neighbors
; .-f 'md aid.-d hituandhis family
> ... . 'abilities ”
r ' r - Ames, of Boston, one
,“2 •aabarwnaof the country, is in
®. r _ rt to Coußcil his plan f >r the
fit ? ‘ ' " r * w *‘d drainage of Aug ista.
iV.f'* 11 ) |- enough to make a thor
b “sanoo an-i a full report.”
ico® V ,T‘? r ' !t,arn that Mr. M. B.
*ts a SA’chOcontract to put up
idingatngh h boa Is It is
but Is for the purpose of
rjT s ‘•-•ty ° the present factory,
lor e-i-fni. ' • r, ' ;3 fT on at Barnett's Shoals
tt w prop-dsed to build a
Drcrlif rea ( i inv <> ' n ** poaaitiia This
beihe Sr J st ' ‘“need, by emiij-etent judges, to
tottery. ir , in the State. The
r ** run withoir a dam."
_* ffiff V Hfflug J r __
fk-wUy h.-*" ;,?“*■ "During a quarrel on
•Lrtnus Tears ’ t I>4TW * cswei, about
ffctoi, abn U f :***' >r . ru ok Simon Cooper,
"I, r r nine years old. on the
‘ f' r om which blow he died
r P returned a verdict in
x* : is* s, t • a.iove facts, charging Jake
slaughter. A war
*k'io kj tu " arrt *st of Davis, and he
•Stas* • * a ‘tuig preliminary trial for the
kV - t
nvnii-' - I<ie two or three
,®-t i ~ r - u:nl. we learn, have done
3'>r.,. r ‘ f their up-lands for
f •EJou.-rii have done very lit-
There w little of the
ba,: worked at all. The
5* two *i,t. i, r haspm our farmers at
*3' as( au „' band, and planting
Atiacta /• * n< " e ater u -suaL”
i-' r -'■l-. '' 7"-', “'fhe Central Itailroad
,**<. T;,.., P fuouigan immense amount
it f or • toree is almost double now
‘ir ****', la * short time the
"'wreau,!, nwtUous * nd “•”
. n‘V“ r: have a friend who
srvera;‘ containing a survey
.o a it r ‘ lm Poriant information in
•Likin ofd.fi.rr? ot money, not less than
~ talf cetitnrv ! P wh *ch was depos
“3*ai fftheo' ?5. “J*?? a P° by pirates on
j, with r f' l of f lorida The friend,
x-,"i JC4; vd *7’ iaa been to the island
L "a-*? thirty wh r re money is. It
up bv rn-.'.i ' u, '‘ er water, and must be
r^. Wg at twv?k_°? r y- The lashing of the
9M# of tt hi 1 1 b°re. and thus gained
f Atlanta Cos, ~ hiaden tr t*ure.”
wsnlt foUow^j^K l “Wednesday a netriy
by a ,^iiK (lrmk ' D Ko f a quantity
oL, ?i a b boy on Decatur street.
pZf. o * conJL ”° D Conducts a fruit stand
E? t b*teariw it r e s. atttr **d Ivy, and it ap
fto!‘Pf'kx* “.‘be morning he had sold
Pvop7i£mr!S dof , his own n KC, whose
l l had taken*
tn ount J a payment. Nearly
*mg fnift s er> ; Uquld WM ‘ wal ‘
xl !l ***ky which hit 1 dealer . aud being the
A’vwl? “KwtdigtrSif 1 * ver Aken,the re
1*- About U o'clock
iVrt-5 wdifoad near the car
e *bm Wf ' reo f 3 I)r e F° I i dl li on and Aaken to
f—
u^ 8 th *B WrrivT/ 1 u lnK , lß proven by its
t h^K-Jt UU 6 Cough Syrup
IS, •e but cough syrup now
tnhS-lt
Sanvannah morning News
J. H. ESTILL, PROPRIETOR.
GARFIELD AND ARTHUR.
IMPOSING INAUGURATION CERE
MONIES.
Tbe Frocesßion— Scenes in tbe Senate
chamber and on tbe Bait Portico—
Tbe Inaugural Address—The Pa
rade Resumed—The Illumination
at Might.
OARFiBLIi’S INAUGURATION.
Washington, March 4.— Snow began
falling at an early hour last night and after
wards turned to rain. It again turned to
snow this morning, but by ten o’clock
bad ceased falling Stands have
been erected in all the reservations on Penn
sylvania avenue and In front of the scenes,
which will seat 25,000 persons. Fifty thou
sand strangers are in the city. At an early
hour, notwithstanding the snow and slush,
all Washington was astir with men, women
and children, hurrying towards Pennsyl
vania avenue to witness the inaugural pro
cession, or to the capitol to witness the
ceremonies there. Tbe city is handsomely
decorated. The Executive Mansion, State,
War, Navy and Treasury Department build
ings, the Department of Justice, the Pen
sion Office, and ail the buildings along the
avenue, from the Capitol to the Executive
Mansion, are literally covered with flags.
The military poured Into the city all ;
night, and the first division formed shortly '
after 10 o’clock to escort the Presidential
party to the capitol. A signal gun was
fired at 10:45, and It moved
down Pennsylvania avenue iu the
following order: Two platoons of po
lice; General Sherman, Grand Marshal, and
staff; twelve companies of regular artillery;
four companies of the marine battalion; the j
Cleveland troop of cavalry; three four
horsa carriages containing President Hayes, \
President-elect Garfield, Vice President
Wheeler, Vice President-elect Arthur, Sen- I
ators Pendleton, Anthony and Bayard; the !
Philadelphia troop (cavalry); Knights Tem- j
plar; four platoons or the Grand Army of the ]
Republic; eight platoons of the Boys in
Blue; eight platoons of Nava! Cadets; two
horse batteries of regulars; battalion of the
Washington Light Infantry.four companies,
Col. Moore; Company A, Fifth Battalion;
Second Colored Brigade; Hampton Cadets
of Virginia; the Langston Guards, of Nor
folk, Va.; the Union Blues, of Thomasvllle,
Ga ; the Rome Star Guards, of Georgia; the
National Rifles, Captain Burnside; the Sig
nal Corps of the United States army; the
Ninth New York Regiment.
At 11:30 a. m. the head of the procession,
passing around the Eouth wing, reached tbe
eastern front of the capitol. The Presi
dential carriage was driven to the lower I
entrance of the Senate wing, and the Presl- j
dent-elect, accompanied by the Vice Presi- !
dent-elect and Senators Pendleton and |
Thurman, entered the building acd pro
ceeded to the Vice President’s room, where |
they remained until 12 o’clock. As early as j
10 o’clock crowds began to assemble In !
front of the platform erected over the steps •
leadirg to the main entrance, and at 12 ;
o’clock it was estimated that 50,000 people i
were massed in front of the bui ding.
TLe holders of cards of admission to the |
capitol thronged the approaches to the Sen- j
a e long before the doors were opened, and
within a few moments after eleven o’clock,
the Senate galleries were filled to their ut
most capacity. They presented a very gay j
appearance, much the larger proportion of
their occupants being ladies, who graced j
the occasion with holiday attire. Mrs. I
Garfield, wife of the President elect, and |
his venerable mother, occupied front seats j
in the private gallery,next to the Diplomatic '
gallery, and Mrs. Hayes sat between them. ]
Misses Mollie Garfield and Fannie Hayes !
and a few personal friends were also of the
party. The floor of the Senate began to fill
up quite early with dlstlhguishea Invited
guests, including a number or army officers
of high rank, amoDg whom Generals Han
cock acd Sheridan were especially noticed.
The former entered the chamber with Sena
tor Blaine and their appearance was greeted
with an outburst of applause.
The routine business of the Senate pro
ceedel without other interruption until
about 11:30, when the Diplomatic Corps
appeared at the main entrance, and at once j
attracted universal notice as they filed down j
the central aisle in their corgeous costumes, •
resplendent with gold and silver embroidery ,
ami glittering with decorations. Sir Edward !
Thornton headed the corps, as its dean, i
Tbe French, Italian and German Ministers
followed, then came the Turkish Minis- j
ter, wearing his red. fez, and still
more conspicuously attired, the full I
Chinese legation next appeared, and afford- i
ed a fresh topic for the buzz of comment in \
the galleries, alike by their grave demeanor
and their red-button Mandarin bats and |
peacock feathers. A few minutes afterward j
the Supreme Court of the United States was I
announced. The Justices, beaded by Chief j
Justice Waite, and clad In their robes of j
office, entered tbe Senate Chamber, and j
marching slowly down the centre aisle, took |
the feats prepared tor them in front of i
and facing the rostrum. Ex Justices Bwayne !
and Strong also entered with their former j
colleagues.
Shortly before twelve o’clock General ;
Garfield and President Hayes entered the
chamber, arm In arm, escorted by Senators
Pendleton, Anthony and Bayard, the corn- !
rnittee of arrangements, and followed by i
all the members of the Cabinet. As they '
proceeded down the aisle to the 6eats re- !
served for them the Senators and all the
other occupants of the floor rose,
and remained standing until they
had taken their seats. The galleries
applauded by clapping of bands and
waving of handkerchiefs. The Vice Presi
dent-elect was next announced, and be was
escorted by the Sergeant-at-Arms and Sena
tor Pendleton to a seat on the right of Vice ;
President Wheeler, amid renewed and
hearty applause, at the conclusion of which
he delivered a brief address, elsewhere
reported, aud was thereupon sworn in.
At this stage of the proceedings the mem- j
bers of the House of Representatives, headed
by Speaker Randall, entered and took
seats in the body behind the Diplomatic
Corps, filling up all the epact-;now remain
ing in any part of the chamber.
Tbe hour of twelve having arrived, Vice
Prerident Wheeler delivered his valedictory,
the Forty-sixth Congress was declared at an
end, and the newly inducted Vice President
administered the oath of office to the Sena
tors elect, who came forward to the ro -
trurn as their names were called, six
at a time. This work of organ’zatlcn
being completed, It was anaounced that the
Senate, the Bupreme Court and the Invited
guests would proceed to the east portico of
the capital to participate in the ceremonies j
of the inauguration of the President-elect. |
The procession was accordingly formed,
and all the late occupants of the floor of j
the Senate proceeded, through the corridors
and rotunda, to the place Indicated, in the !
following order:
The Marshal of the United States Supreme
Court and the Marshal of the District of
Columbia; the Bupreme Court; the Commit
tee of Arrangements and the Sergeant-at- j
Arms of the Senate; the President and the
President-elect; Vice President Arthur and ;
Mr. Wheeler; the members of the Senate; t
the Diplomatic Corps; Heads of Depart- |
mente; Members of the House of Represen- j
taMves and members elect; Governors and j
ex Governors of States; the officers j
of the Senate and the officers of the ;
House of Representatives. As the proces
sion filed out through the main corridor to
the rotunda, the crowds pouring down from
the galleries 60on caused a blockade, and,
finally breaking in upon the procession,
merged with it, and passed on to the
rotunda in a dense, confused mass of
Senators, Representatives, diplomats
and citixens, without much regard
to precedence. On reaching the main en
trance leading from the rotunda to the plat
form the pressure was relieved, and the Presi- j
dentiai party was enabled to reach the !
front, Mrs. Garfield, Mrs. Hayes, Gen.
Garfield’s mother, and other ladles of the
parly, were caught In the crowd, and ex j
perieuced considerable difficulty in reach- i
ing the platform. . _ ~
At half-past twelve o’clock the President j
reached his place at the front of the plat
form and took a seat, with Chief Justice J
Waite upon his right and ex-President
Hayes upon his left, with Senators Pendle
ton, Anthony and Bayard, while Immedi
ately behind him eat his mother, Mrs. Gar
field, Mrs. Hayes aud Vice President Arthur.
Some delay ensued while a photograph of
the scene was being taken from an elevated
stand a short distance to the right and
front.
At 12:35 Senator Pendleton arose and in
troduced General Garfield, who began bis
inaugural address.
TUX INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
Fellow CUueru: We stand to-day upon an j
eminence which overlooks a hundred yean '
of national life, a century crowded with ;
perils, but crowned with triumphs of liberty
and law. Before continuing our ownward l
march, let us pause on this hrigbt
for a moment to strengthen our faitt aad i
renew our hope by a glance at the pathway j
along which our people bare traveled. *t ,
ia now three day* more than a hundred years j
since the adoption of the first written
Constitution of tbe United States, the
articles of confederation ami perpetual
Union. The new republic was then beset
with danger on every hand. It
P e Dc £ . conquered a place
m the family of natioua. The decisive bat
tle of the war for indeoendence, whose cen
tennial anniversary will soon be gratefully
celebrated at Yorktown, had not yet been
rough.. The colonists were struggling,
not only against the armies of a
great nation, Out against the settled opiu
lons of mankind, tor the world did not then
believe that the supreme authority of gov
f rnment could be safely entrusted to
the guardianship of the people themselves.
We cannot overestimate the fervent lore of
liberty, the intelligent courage and the say
! ing common sense with which our fathers
made the great experiment of self-govern
: ment. hen they found, after a short
trial, that the confederacy of States
I was too weak to meet the necessities
of the vigorous and expanding republic,
they boldly set if%side, and in its stead es
tablished a National Union founded dlrect
j *y upon tbe will of the people, endowed
i Hffi powers of self-preservation, and
with ample authority for the accomplish
meet of Its great objects.
Under this Constitution the boundaries of
freedom have been enlarged, the founda
tions of order and peace have been strength
ened, and the growth of our people In
all the better elements of national life
has Indicated the wisdom of the founders,
and given new hope to their descendants.
Under this Constitution our people long
ago made themselves safe against any dan
ger from without, and secured for their
mariners and flag equality of rights on all
seas.
Under this Constitution twenty-live States
have been added to the Union with consti
tutions and laws framed and enforced
by their own citizens to secure
the manifold blessings of local
self - government. The jurisdiction
of this Constitution now covtrs an area fifty
times greater than that of the original
thirteen States, and a population twenty
times greater than that of 1780.
The supreme trial of the Constitution
came at last UDder the tremendous pressure
of civil war. We ourselves are witnesses
that the Union emerged from the blood and
fire of that conflict purified and made
stronger for all the beneficent purposes of
good government.
And now, at the close of this first century
of growth,with the inspirations of Its history
In their hearts, our people have lately re
viewed the bondition of the nation, passed
judgment upon the conduct and opinions of
political parties, and have registered their
will concerning the future administration of
the government. To Interpret and to exe
cute that will, In accordance with the Con
stitution, 16 a paramount duty of the Ex
ecutive, Even from this brief review
it is manifest that the nation is
resolutely facing to the front, resolved to
employ Its best energies in developing the
great possibilities of the future. Sacredly
preserving whatever has been
gained to liberty and good gov
ernment during the century, our
people are determined to leave behind them
all those bitter controversies concerning
things which have been irrevocably settled,
and the further discussion of which can
only stir up strife and delay their onward
march.
The supremacy of the nation and Its laws
should be no longer subjects of debate.
That discussion, which for half a century
threatened the existence of the Union, was
closed at last in the high court of
war, by a decree from which
there is uo appeal, that the Constitution
aud the laws made in pursuance thereof are
and shall continue to be the supreme law of
tbe land, binding alike upon the
States and the people. This decree
does not disturb the autonomy
of the States, nor interfere with auy of their
necessary rights of local self-government,
but it does fix and establish the permanent
supremacy of the Union. The will of the
nation, speaking with the voice of battle
and through the amended Constitution, has
fulfilled the great promlee of 1776 by pro
claiming liberty throughout the land to all
the inhabitants thereof.
The elevation of the negro race from
slavery to the full rights of citizenship is the
most important political change we have
known since the adoption of the Constitution
in 1787. No thoughtful man can fail to ap
preciate Its beneficent effect upon our in
stitutions and people. It has freed us from
the perpetual daDger of war and dissolution.
It has a'ided immensely to the moral and
industrial forces of our people. It has libe
rated the master as well as the slave from
a relation which wronged and enfeebled
both. It has surrendered to their own
guardianships the manhood of more than
5,000,000 of people, and has opened to
i each one of them a career of freedom
and usefulness. It has given new Inspira
tion to the power of self help in both races
by making labor more honorable to the one
and more necessary to the other. The in
fluence of this force will grow greater and
bear richer fruit with the comiDg years.
No doubt this great change has caused seri
ous disturbance to our Southern commu
nities. This is to be deplored, though
It was perhaps unavoidable, but those
who resisted the change should re
member that under our institutions there
was no middle ground for the negro race
between slavery and equal citizenship.
There can te no permanently disfran
chised peasantry In the United States.
Freedom can never yield its fullness of
blessings so long as the law or its adminis
tration places the smallest obstacle in the
pathway of any virtuous citizen. The eman
cipated race has already made remarkable
progress. With unquestioning devotion to
the Union, with a patience and gentleness,
not born of fear, they have followed
the light as God gave them to see the light. !
They are rapidly laying the material founda- i
tions of self-support, widening the circle of :
Intelligence, and beginning to enjoy the
blessings that gather around homes of the j
industrious poor. They deserve the gener- ,
ous encouragement of all good men.
So far as my authority can lawfully ex- j
tend they 6hall enjoy the full and equal j
protection of the Constitution. The full j
and free enjoyment of equal suffrage Is \
still in question, and a frank statement of
the issue may aid solution. It is alleged that j
iu many communities the negro citizens
are practically denied the freedom
of the ballot, *ln so far as the truth !
of this allegation is admitted, it is answer- j
ed that in many places honest local govern
ment is impossible if the mass of unedu- |
cated negroes are allowed to vote. These ;
are grave allegations. So far as the matter j
is true, it is the only palliation that can be j
offered for opposing the freedom
of the ballot. Bad local government
is certainly a great evil which ought to be
prevented, but to violate the freedom and !
sanctity of suffrage is more than an evil—lt |
is a crime which, if persisted In, will destroy j
the government itself. Suicide Is not a reme- i
dy. If in other hands it be high trea- j
son to compass the death of the King,
It should be counted no less ,
a crime here to strangle our sovereign j
power aud stifle Its voice. It has been said
that unsettled questions have no pity for
the repose of nations. It should be said,
with the utmost emphasis, that this ques
tion of suffrage will neverjglve repose orsafe
ty to the States or to the nation until each
within its own jurisdiction makes and keeps
the ballot free and pure by the strong sanc
tion of the law.
But the danger which arises from igno
rance in tne voter cannot be denied. It
covers a field far wider than that of negr#
suffrage, and the present condition of that
race, it Is a danger that larks and hides
in the sources aud fountains of power in
every State. We have no standard by which
to measure the disaster that may be brought
upou us by ignorance and vice iu our citizens
when joined to corruption and fraud in suf
frage. The voters of the Union who make
and unmake constitutions, and upon whose ;
will hangs the destinies of oqr government, [
can transmit their supreme authority to no
successors save the coming generation of !
voters, who are the sole heirs of sovereign j
power. If that generation comes to its in
heritance blinded by ignorance and cor- j
rupted by vice, the fail of the republic will i
be certain and remediless.
The census has already sounded alarm In j
appalling figures, which mark how danger
ously high ine tide of illiteracy has risen
among our voters and their children. To j
the Sooth this question Is of su
preme importance, but the responsi
bility for the existence of slavery
did not rest upon the South alone. The
nation itself Is responsible for the extension
of suffrage, and Is under special obliga
tions to aid in removing the illiteracy which
It has added to the voting population North
and South alike. There Is but oae remedy.
All tbe constitutional power of the nation
and of the States, ana all tbe volunteer
forces of the people, should be summoned
to meet this danger by the saving influence
of universal education. It Is the high
privilege and the sacred duty
of those now living to educate
tkeir successors, and fit them, by
intelligence and virtue, for the inheritance
which awaits them, la this beneficent
work sections and races should be forgot
ten and partisanship should be unknown.
Let our people find anew meaning in the
dtviae oracle which declares that “a little
child shall lead them,” for our little chil
dren will soon control the destinies of the
republic. My countrymen, we do not now
differ In our Judgment concerning
the controversies of the past gene
rations, and fifty years hence our
children will not be divided la their opin
ions eonasrning our controversies. They
will eurely bless their fathers and their
fathers’ God that the Union was preserved;
that slavery was overthrown, and that both
SAVANNAH, SATURDAY, MARCH 5, 1881.
races were made equal before the law. We
may hasten or we may retard, but we can
not prevent the final reconciliation.
Is It not possible for us now to
make a truce with time by anticipating
and accepting its inevitable verdict? En
terprises ot tbe highest Importance to our
: moral and material well being invite us,
and offer ample scope for the employment
of our best powers. Let all our people,
leaving behind them the battlefield of dead
Issues, move forward, aud In the strength of
i liberty and restored Union win the grand
victories of peace.
The prosperity which now prevails is
i without parallel In our history. Fruitful
seasons have done much to secure it, but
they have not done all. The preservation
of pubile credit and the resumption of
specie payment, so successfully attained by
i the administration of my predecessors,
have enabled our people to secure the
blessings which seasons brought. By the ex
perience of commercial nations in alt ages it
has been found that gold and silver afford
j the only safe foundation for a monetary
| system. Confusion has recently been cre
j ated by variations In the relative value of
I the two metals, but I confidently believe
that an arrangement can be made between
the leading commercial nations which will
secure the general use of both metals. Con
gress should provide that the compulsory
coinage of silver, now required by law, may
not disturb our monetary system by driving
either metal out of circulation. If possible,
i such an adjustment should be made that
the purchasing power of every coined dollar
will be exactly equal to Its debt-paying
power In all the markets of the world.
The chief duty of the National Govern
ment In connection with the currency
of the Country Is to coin money and
declare its value. Grave doubts
have been entertained whether Con
gress Is authorized by the Constitution to
make anv form of paper money a legal
tender The present issue of United States
notes has been sustained by the necessities
of the war, but such paper should depend
for its value and currency upou its conveni
ence in use, and its prompt redemption in
coin at the will of the holder, and not upon
its compulsory circulation. These notes
are not money, but promises to pay
money. If the holders demand It, the
promise should be kept. Tbe refunding of
the national debt at a lower rate of luterest
should be accomplished without compeL*
ling the withdrawal of the national bank
notes, and thus disturbing the business of
the country. 1 venture to refer to the
position I have occupied on fiaanclal ques
tions during a long service In Congress, and
to say that time and experience have
strengthened the opinions I have so often
expressed on these subjects. The finances
of the government shall suffer uo detriment
which It may be possible for my administra
tion to prevent,
The Interests of agriculture deserve more
attention from the government than they
have yet received. The farms of the United
Statt’6 afford homes and employment for
more than one half of our people, and
furnish much the largest part of all our ex
ports. As the government lights our coasts
for the protection of m irlners and the bene
fit of commerce, so it should give to the
tillers of the soil the best lights of practical
science and experience.
Our manufacturers are rapidly making us
Industriously independent, and are proving
to capital and labor new and profitable
fields of employment. Their 6teady and
healthy growth should be still maintained.
Oar facilities for transportation should be
promoted by the continued improvement of
our harbors and great interior water ways,
an-i the increase of our tounage on the
ocean.
The development of the world’s com
merce has led to urgent demands for the
shortening of the great sea voyage around
Cape Horn by constructing ship canals or
railways across the Isthmus which unites
the twp continents. Various plans to this
end have been suggested, and have received
consideration, but none of them have been
sufficiently matured to warrant the United
States in extending pecuniary aid. The
subject, however, is one which will imme
diately engage the attention of the govern
ment. With new and thorough protection to
our commercial interests we will urge no
narrow policy nor seek peculiar or exclusive
privileges In any commercial route, but, in
the language of cay predecessor, “I believe
It to be the right and duty of the United
States to assert and maintain such a super
vision and authority over any interoceanic
canal across the isthmus that connects
North and South America as will protect
our national interests.”
The Constitution guarantees absolute reli
gious freedom. Congress Is prohibited from
making laws respecting an establishment
of religion or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof.
Territories of the United States are sub
ject to the direct legislative authority of
Congress, and hence the General Govern
ment is responsible for any violation
of the Constitution in any of them.
It is therefore a reproach to the govern
ment that in the most populous
of the Territories the constitutional guaran
tee Is not enjoyed by the people, and the
authority of Congress Is 6Ct at naught. The
Mormon Church not only offends the morals
of mankind by sanctioning polygamy, but
prevents the administration of justice
through the ordinary Instrumentalities of
law. In my judgment, It is
tbe duty of Congress, while respect
ing to the uttermost the conscientious
convictions and religious scruples of every
citizen, to prohibit within its jurisdiction
all criminal practices, especially of that
class which destroy family relations and
endanger social order. Nor can any
ecclesiastical organization be safely permit
ted to usurp In the smallest degree the
functions and powers of the National Gov
ernment.
The civil service can never be placed on a
satisfactory basis until It is regulated by
laws for the good of the service Itself, for
tbe protection of those who are entrusted
with the appointing power against the waste
of time and the obstruction to public busi
ness caused by the inordinate pressure for
place aud tbe protection of Incumbents
against intrigue aud wrong. I shall at the
proper time ask Congress to fix the tenure
of tbe minor offices of the several execu
tive departments, aud prescribe tbe grounds
upon which removals shall be made during
the. terms for which the incumbents have
been appointed.
Finally, acting always within theautborlty
and limitation of the Constitution, invading
neltherthe rights of the States nor the reserv
ed rights of the people, it will be the purpose
of my administration to maintain the au
thority of the nation, and in all places with
in its jurisdiction to enforce obedience to
all the laws of the Union, and in the inter
ests of the people to demand a rigid econo
my in all the expenditures of the govern
ment, and to require honest and faithful
service of all executive officers, remember
ing that offices were created not for the
benefit of the incumbents or their support
ers, but for tbe service of the government.
And now, fellow citizens, I am about to
assume the great trust which you have com
mitted to my hauds. 1 appeal to you for
that earnest and thoughtful support which
make thl3 a government in fact, as it Is In
law, a government of the people. I shall
greatly rely especially upon the wisdom
aad patriotism of Congress, and of those
who may share with ine the responsibilities
and duties of my administration, and, above
all, upon our efforts to promote the welfare
of this great people and their government I
reverently Invoke the support and blessings
of Almighty God 1
The address was delivered with uncovered
head, calmly, and in a voice clear and dis
tinct, and was plainly heard by every one
upon tbe stand and for a long distance on
every hand. The delivery of the address
occupied forty-five minutes. At its con
clusion the cheering was long, continued
aud enthusiastic. Chief Justice Waite then
administered the usual oath, to which Presi
dent Garfield responded with reverential
fervor. Ex President Hayes immedi
ately pressed forward and congratulated
his" successor, and after him the
President’s mother and wife, both of whom
he saluted with kisses. A general scene of
congratulating and hand-shaking 'ensued,
after which the Presidential party descend
ed from the platform by a private staircase,
and proceeded to the President’s room in
the rear of the Senate chamber, where an
informal reception took place. At 1:30 the
party entering their carriages, were driven
to their places In the line of procession,
which at 1:40 started.
The first division moved around the capi
tol to Pennsylvania avenue, followed by the
second division, composed of four brigades
ot Pennsylvania troops. Tbe third division,
embracing the troops from the various
States, came next, followed by the fourth
division, as follows: Maryland Fifth Regl
ment, National Guard, the Governor’s
Guards, Hamilton Light Infantry, and
Frederick R flemen, of Maryland; the
Hussars, Cantousvll'e; the Armory Gaard
of Virginia; the Governor’s Guards of Vir
ginia; Hannibal Guards, Norfolk; Flipper
Guards; Petersburg Guards; Hill City
Guard?; Beaboard Elliott Grays; State
Guard, Richmond; German Artillery,
Charleston. The fifth division was com
posed of ciylc societies.
The procession passed up Pennsylvania
avenue to Fifteenth street and New York
avenue, and halted until the President aad
party had taken position on the re vie wing
stand. The whole column passed in re
view before the President, and, after con
tinuing the march through several streets,
dispersed.
The city was brilliantly tllumtnated to
night, and the whole western end of Penn-
' svlvanla avenue, from Tenth street to the
; Treasury Department, wa9 packed with
people * and ablaze with electric and
colored lights. There was a beauti
ful display of fireworks at eight
o'clock from the grounds immediately
south of the Treasury Department, begin
ning with an Illumination of the park and
| building by means of red, white and blue
Costou signal lights, and ending with a
grand set piece representing the Falls
!of Niagara, and another in which
j gigantic portraits of Garfield and Arthur
! were presented in lines of
! silver fire, with magnificent back
! ground of illuminated smoke, through
which ascended flights of rockets and star
bombs. At midnight the streets are Btill
thronged, and besides the grand Inaugur
ation ball, at the National Museum, public
receptions are being held in various parts
of the city.
LETTER FROM TALLAHASSEE.
Bad Policy—Two Good Bill* Killed
in the Assembly—The Amendments
Go Through the Senate—The Big
Drainage Bill-Evidences of Public
Confidence—The Contractors Mean
Business—They Propose Soon to
Commence the Work.
Tallahassee, March3.—A great mistake was
committed yesterday by the Assembly in fall
ing to pass the bill for the promotion of immi
gration. This was an important plank in the
Democratic platform of the last campaign,
and the failure of the bill will create great dis
appointment along the country washed by the
St. John’s river.
It is taking a long stride backward, and if to
be regarded as in the interests of economy, a
most lamentable error.
The bill organizing an agricultural bureau
also came to grief in the same wing of the
Legislature, being laid on the table, which, as
the session closes to-morrow, means its defeat.
Avery mistaken policy.
The constitutional amendments alluded to in
my last have all been adopted by the Senate
except that in relation to the Supreme Court,
which did not receive a two-third- vote
To show the popularity of Col. Coryell’s and
associates’ contract with the Btate for the
drainage of South Florida, I would say that
Col. Coryell arrived in this city on Thursday of
last week, and on Friday had introduced in the
House a bill for a special charter. On Satur
day it passed the House, aud was sent over to
the Senate that evening. On Monday morning
it was taken up and referred to a committee,
reported on favorably, and during the evening
session of Monday came up for its second read
ing, and under a suspension of the rules, passed
its third reading, only three working days from
its introduction to final passage. This bill is
for the organization and allowing the "Atlantic
and East Coast Canal and Okeechobee Land
Company,” which is the title of the bill, to
merge into its organization the contract made
with the State and the “East Coast Canal Com
pany,” which has its charter under the general
laws of the State; also, to purchase the fran
chises of other companies having charters
which may be necessary to them in the great
work they have before them.
The prompt manner in which these parties
made their five thousand doll irs money deposit
with the State Treasurer has given positive
assurance that they mean business. The con
tract as made by the trustees of the internal
improvement fund meets with the hearty and
cordial indorsement of the representatives of
the people of this State, now assembled here.
They see in the acts of Colonel Cornell and his
associates assurances of a bold and energetic
movement to begin the work at the earliest
practicable moment. The charter will be sent
to Philadelphia, where nearly all the
parties in interest live, and au or
ganization under thel charter will at
once be made, capiral paid, and work
commenced by the construction of several
dredging machines which wiil do all the w r ork.
A part of the dredgers will be placed on Okee
chobee and a part on the coast canal, and both
w-orks be going on at rhe same time. It is said
Col. Cor>ell will go to New Orleans to witness
the work of an improved dredger, found, by
over a year’s test, to be the most efficient now
in use. The machinery will be made at some
point outside the State and brought here. The
scows to contain the machinery will be put up
in the immediate vicinity of the work.
That for Okeechobee will possibly be made
on Lake Kissimmee to Insure the getting of the
dredge into the lake should low water prevail
this summer. The dredge for Okeechobee will
be steamboat build, with a stern wheel for pro
pelling power and large enough to have capa
city for the comforts of two sets of hands, for
they intend running the dredge night and day.
A steamboat, as a tender, on L&ke Okeechobee
will be indispensable. While it may take some
time to get all this necessary machinety built
and in position, when once there, the work will
go on rapidly aud effectively.
If they have no serious delays in getting up
the dredging machinery, it is thought the
steamboat route from St. Augustine south to
tbe lower end of Indian river will have a
steamboat running by the first of December
next, and be able to give our thousands of
Northern visitors the opportunity of a tour on
the east coast to a point so far south they can
see the pine and the cocoanut growing under
a tropical sun. Our best informed citizens all
agree that this contract and contemplated re
demption of the south end of our State will
produce more favorable results than can pos
sibly be imagined by the most enthusiastic in
the welfare and prosperity of our State. One
of two tilings certain, it will be an immense
success or a contemptable failure. If success
ful the State shares in the success; if a failure
it costs the State nothing.
It cannot be a failure, with the fact known
that the fall is sufficient to drain, and we all
know water will run down hill. The parties at
the head of this work are too shrewd to at
tempt an impossibility. They have fully inves
tigated and are satisfied. Men and means
will accomplish the work, and will furnish
both to do it under Colonel Coryell’s indomita
ble perseverance. That this contract will re
dound to the great credit of the Board
of the Internal Improvement is con
ceded by all, and that Governor Bloxham
must be congratulated on the fact that he has
commenced his career as Governor with a
prospectof seeing during his administration
an improvement that will produce incalculable
results in inducing an emigration that will
tell largely in the future.
Ttae mere fact of the making of the contract
with parties of such high character and repu
tation has already been spread broadcast over
the United States, and the attention and re
marks upon the fact as found in every promi
nent paper in the country directs especial at
tention to B'lorida. It has also caused a stir in
Europe that cannot fail to direct the attention
of emigrants seeking a home in the United
States, and may prove of vast importance in
directing thousands towards our State, espe
cially from countries growing products similar
to those grown here. Already parties from
Cuba have been writing for information in re
gard to the fact of these lands being peculiarly
adapted to the growing of sugar cane.
The jute question is exciting enquiries from
parties in New York, who are large importers
of that India product. It is to be hoped the
most sanguine expectations of the bold men
who have dared place their capital in so great
an enterprise may reap a rich rewa/d, and as
I said before they carry with them the best
wishes of the people of our State for their suc
cess. Capital and enterprise is what
we Invite, and that will make our
State. Our earnest hope is that
this enterprise may develop others that will
be taken hold of by energetic parties in the
North. It is to be expected the lead of these
capitalists of Philadelphia wiil be followed by
others. It seems to be acknowledged by
those best posted In regard to this swamp re
gion, that it is a feasible undertaking, and
must result in immense profit to both Stale
and contractors. “So mote it be.”
The Governor to-day sent in a veto of the
Senate bill providing for the removal of the
capital. His objections were based on consti
tutional grounds. The veto was sustained by
a decided vote.
A recess was taken in the Assembly this
morning for the purpose of a presentation to
Col. Cottrell of a handsome cane, and of a val
uable watch chain to Speaker Harris. The ad
dtesses and responses were in goo I taste, and
were couched in appropriate language.
There will be a desperate effort made to ad
journ to morrow in time to permit the members
living in East and South Florida to take the
train. W. 11. B.
FATAL MINE EXPLOSION.
From Ten to Thirty White Men an*
Fifty Chinaman Killed or In
jured.
Salt Lake, Utah, March 4. —An Evans
ton, Wyoming, special to the Tbdbune says:
“The gas In the Rock Mountain Coal and
Iron Company’s mine, No. 2, at Almy, ex
ploded at 8:45 last evening, throwing flames
a hundred feet high out of the main slope,
carrying away the buildings around the
mouth of the shaft and setting the ma
chinery and buildings on fire. About fifteen
minutes before the explosion from ten to
thirty white men and fifty Chinamen went
down to work for the night. At preeent,
2 o’clock a. m., seventeen, more or less, in
jured Chinamen, have been recovered and
brought to the surface, many with limbs
broken and badly scalded. About twenty
dead Chinamen have been discovered, bat
have not been brought up. No white men
have yet been found. There are no hopes
that any are alive. The jar of the explosion
was plainly felt at Evanston.”
Movlug Against Siberian Exile.
St. Petersburg, March 4.—M. Shakai
eff, member of the St. Petersburg Assem
bly of Nobles, made a speech on Wednes
day, In which he urged the total abolition
of the administrative deportation to Siberia.
Hebetated that between the years 1870 and
1877, 63,442 persons had been so deported.
He announced his intention to petition the
Emperor on the subject
- "■(
Maine News.
Hop Bitters, which are advertised in oar
columns, are a sure core for ||ue, bilious
ness and kidney complaints. Those who
use them say they cannot be too highly re
commended. Those afflicted should give
them a fair trial, and will become thereby
enthusiastic in tbe praise of their curative
qualities.— lbrtlaml Ad,
ADJOURNED SINE DIE.
THE NEW SENATE CONVENED.
Closing Honrs of tbe Dead Con*
grese-Farewells of Speaker Ran
dall and Vice President Wbeeler-
The Address of Vlee President
Arthur—The New Senators—Nomi
nations that Failed—The Appor
tionment BUI Dead.
SENATE PROCEEDINGS.
Washington, D. C., March 4.—ln
j the Senate, at the evening session
of Thursday, the conference report on
the sundry civil bill was adopted.
Included in the bill are the follow
ing: $75,000 for a revenue steamer for
the Southern coast; $75,000 for the Pensa
cola navy yard, an and items for buildings at
Annapolis and Norfolk.
At 2:30 a motion for an executive session
showed less than a quorum present. Up to
4:40 all attempts to go into executive ses
sion failed.
At 5 o’clock a. m., after repeated but In
effectual efforts by the majority for an ex
ecutive session, a sufficient number of Re
publican Senators declining to answer upon
yea and nay votes to enable the point of no
quorum to be made, a recess was taken un
til 9:30 o’clock. Owing to the failure of a
quorum to appear at the hour appointed,
recess was substantially prolonged until
10:30 o’clock, when the joint resolution,
offered by Mr. Butler, for an extra month’s
pay to the Senate officers and.employes, was
briefly debated and passed.
The galleries were meanwhile thrown
open to ticket holders, fully three-fourths
of whom were ladies, and their unrestrain
ed conversations soon caused so much con
fusion as to practically terminate for some
moments all further attempt at legislation.
The Vice President announced the signing
of the enrolled sundry civil and deficiency
appropriation bills.
At 10:50 o’clock Major General Hancock,
with Colonel Mitchell, of his staff, under
the escort of Benator Blaine, entered from
the west door of the Senate, and was wel
corned with long continued applause from
the galleries and on the floor. The first on
the floor to greet him was Senator Conk
ling, and the cordial hand shaking initiated
by them was repeated by all Senators pres
ent, who pressed eagerly forward for that
purpose.
Meanwhile the applause of the galleries i
swelled to a tumult and subsided, and the i
distinguished visitor finally took a seat to the
left of the ebair.
The arrival of Lieut. Gen. Sheridan, some
moments later, was the occasion for a re
newal of the enthusiasm, though the de- !
monstratlon was devoid of the spirit and
significance of that which preceded it.
At 11:20 o'clock the Diplomatic Corps en
tered and occupied the 6eata of the Senators
on the right of the chair.
Later the Chief Justice and Associate Jus
tices of the Supreme Court entered and
were seated in the space Immediately In
front and to the right of the Vice President,
the Senate meanwhile confining itself to
half of a semi circle of seats to the left,
with members of the House. The only In
cident of Interest preceding the arrival of
the President and Vice Presi
dent elect, was the appointment
of a committee of notification
to the President of the close of the present
Congress, their subsequent report that the
President had no further communications
to make, and the receipt and reading of
messages from the President transmitting a
call for the Senate in executive session, and
announcing the resignation of the Hon.
Benj. Harrison from the Mississippi River
Improvement Commission.
The Presidential procession, headed by
President Hayes and President-elect Gar
field. finally entered, under escort of Sena
tors Pendleton, Anthony and Bayard, and
othi rs of the committee of arrangements,
and two minutes later was followed by Vice
President elect Arthur, in charge of a sub- !
committee composed of the above named, !
the Senators present in the chamber rising !
upon each occasion. Vice Presi- ;
dent-elect Arthur was then introduced to |
the Senate by Vice President Wheeler, and ?
delivered the usual formal address, as fol
lows:
Uenalors: I come as your presiding offi
cer with genuine solicitude, remembering
my inexperience In parliamentary proceed
ings. I cannot forget how important, in
tricate and often embarrassing are
the duties of this chair. On the threshold
of our official association, I Invoke that
courtesy and kindness with which you have
been wont to aid your presiding officer. I
shall need your constant encouragement and
support, and I rely with confidence upon
your lenient judgment of any errors Into
which I may fall. Ia return, be
assured of my earnest purpose to
administer your rules in a spirit of abso
lute fairness, to treat every Senator at all
times with that courtesy and just considera
tion due to representatives of equal States
and to do my part, as assuredly each of you
will do his, to maintain the decorum aDd
dignity of the Senate. I trust that
the official and personal relations
upon which we now enter will
be marked with mutual confidence and re
gard, and that all our obligations will be so
fulfilled as to redound to our own honor,
to the glory of our common country and the
prosperity of all its people. (Applause).
I am now ready to take the oath of office
prescribed by the Constitution.
The oath of office was here administered
to the Vice President-elect.
Vice President Wheeler, before retiring
from the chair, said:
Senator*-. Tbe moment which terminates
my official duties as presiding officer of the
Senate Is at hand. Those duties have been
rendered of easy performance by your uni
form leniency and forbearance. lam sure
that In this parting hour I need no other
guarantee of a full amnesty for all
my shortcomings. If I do, it is
furnished in your very kind
resolution of approval of my official action.
I shall carry Into my retirement grateful
memories of the personal kindness alike of
the Senate and Its officers, and a cordial
wish for the future well being of all. And
now I proclaim my last official act by
declaring that the hour for the termination
of the Forty-6ixth Congress having arrived,
the Senate stands adjourned without day.
Vice President Arthur assumed the chair,
and ex-Vice President Wheeler retired to
the lounge on which Gen. Hancock was
seated, and cordially grasped that officer’s
hand.
The existence of the new Senate was next
made known by the reading, by direction of
the Vice President, of the official proclama
tion of the President’s call.
The organization of the new Senate was
begun by swearing in the new Senators, of
whom the only absentees were Senators
elect Edmunds and Mahone. As their
names were called by the Clerk the follow
ing advanced to a position to the left of the
Chair and took the prescribed oath of
office:
Senators Bayard, Bureside, Camden,
Conger, Cockrell, Dawes, Fair, George,
Harrison, Gorman, Hawley, Hill, Jackson,
Jones of Florida, McMillan, Miller, Maxey,
Mitchell, Platt of New York, Sawyer, Sew -
ell, Sherman and Van Wyck.
The roll of the new Senate was then call
ed, and showed that seventy two members
were present. Senator Allison was absent
on account of Illness.
At 1:25 p. m., the Senate having returned
to Its chamber, a resolution offered by Mr.
Pendleton was adopted, for the appoint
ment by the Vice President of a committee
to wait upon the President of tbe United
States and inform him that a quorum of the
Senate had assembled, and was ready to
receive any communication he might be
pleased to make.
Messrs. Pendleton, Davl6 of Illinois, and
Teller, were constituted the committee.
Mr. Conkling suggested au adjournment
to Monday to give Senators an opportunity
for sleep and rest from the weariness to j
which they had been subjected In the clos- '
log hours of Congress. '
Several Senators preferred to have a re
port from the committee just appointed
before adjourning.
Upwards of one hundred nominations j
were left unacted upon by the Senate when
it adjourned to-day. Among the more 1m- I
portant ones, were Stanley Matthews, to be j
Justice of the United States Supreme I
Court, and E. C. Billings, to be United j
Btates Circuit Judge for the Fifth Circuit.
The apportionment bill, which passed the
House late yesterday afternoon, was not
acted upon by the Senate, and, therefore,
failed to become a law.
HOUSE PROCEEDINGS.
At last night’s session of the House, Mr.
Singleton, of Illinois, at a few minutes past
12, raised the point of order that the 4th of
March having arrived the 46th Congress
had expired by limitation. There was not
a gentleman on this floor who could say
that the 4th of March had not arrived.
He proceeded to argue rather excitedly In
support of his point, and his remarks were'
received with great laughter acd confusion.
Tbe Speaker said that this question had
been raised In 1851, and It had then been
decided that Congress expired at noon on
the 4th of March.
Mr. Singleton moved that tbe House ad
journ tine die, and this being voted down,
his vote being the only one cast in the
affirmative, he gave notice that he would
bring before the Supreme Court every bill
passed by this Congress after this time. At
2:55 the House took a recess until ten this
morning.
Tbe House met at 10 o’clock.
On motion of Mr. King, of Louisiana, the
Senate amendment was concurred in to the
bill dividing the State of Louisiana into two
judicial districts.
Mr. Hutchins, of New York, rising to a
question of privilege, said he had attempted
j to enter the capitol at the Senate wing, and
I that he had been stopped by a man dressed
I in military attire, with arms in his hand,
who refused him admittance. He
had stated that he was a tnem
; her of Congress, and he had then been
admitted. He desired to know by what
authority a military in place of a civil force
I was placed at the doors of the capitol. He
wanted to call the attention of the House
and country to this fact. It was a small
matter now, but in future it might not be.
He therefore offered the following resolu
tion:
“Whereas, Members of this House have
this day been refused admission to the capi
tol of the nation by an armed military
force.
'‘Resolved, That this breach of the parlia
mentary and constitutional privilege of the
members of this House in going to and
returning from the same merits its severest
censure.”
Mr. Warner, of Ohio—“ This is not a
light matter. Bayonets ought never to be
crossed here.”
Mr. Froat, of Missouri, stated that he had
also been refused admission. He did not
wish to make a mountain out of a mole-hill,
but that which might be harmless, at pres
ent, might prove a precedent of the most
dangerous character. The time might come,
but he did not anticipate that it would,when
that which now passed without protest,
might be held up as a precedent, and the
precedent 6et by a Democratic House and
Senate, for the purpose of trampling on the
liberties of both those assemblies. There had
been instances In the past, not only In Eng
land, but In this country, at no very dis
tant period, of armed troops being stationed
at the doors of legislative assemblies,
and it was because the Democratic party
did not wish to sanction that state of affairs
! that the resolution was offered.
Mr. Frye—The gentleman need not be
alarmed. Nobody will ever follow the
Democratic precedent. [Laughter.]
Mr. Berry, of California, stated that he
had also been stopped at the entrance of
the Senate by an armed man dressed in blue.
[Derisive laughter and cries of “That’s
what’B the matter” on the Republican side.J
Mr. Price, of lowa, stated that the men
were there to protect this body from the
mob on the outside —he should have said
crowd.
At this point the proceedings were sus
pended and Mr. Cjx, of New York, having
taken the chair, Mr. Conger said that it was
with pleasure that he was permitted
to offer the following resolution:
That the thanks of this House
are due and tendered to Hon.
i S. J. Randall, the Speaker, for the ability,
fairness and courtesy with which he has
presided over Its deliberations during the
Forty-sixth Congress.
This resolution was adopted, the only
negative vote being cast by Mr, Young,
of Ohio.
The consideration of the resolution
; before the House having been re
sumed, Mr. Warner, of Ohio, spoke
In Its bupport. By what authority
were armed soldiers stationed about the
capitol. [“Give It up” from the Republi
can side.J The gentleman from lowa had
stated that it was for the protection of
the House. Had it coins to this that there
must be Boldiery about the legislative as
semblies to protect them? He had seen j
bayonets placed across the entrance of as- j
semblles in other countries, but he bad j
never expected to see them about the capi- !
tol of the United States.
Mr. Frye—There are some soldiers in the
gallery now. Look out for them.
Mr. Warner—l am glad to see them, but I
they are not here for our protection.
The confusion in the hall was very great, ;
which fact was attributed by Mr. Conger to !
the alarm felt at the presence of the military !
in the galleries.
Mr. Carlisle, of Kentucky, said that he
had no doubt that armed soldiers had been j
placed around the capitol as part of a police I
force to preserve order. If any barm had j
been done, let tbe House, In a calm and j
dispassionate way, express its opinion, but j
let it not make a great sensation over a
small thing. He admitted that it was a bad j
precedent and ought not to be tolerated,
especially if the troops had been stationed
here for improper purposes. But if a mere
I mistake had been made to preserve order,
; the House ought not to fall into a high state
: of excitement about it.
; Mr. Warner—lf it is a mistake, let us
| know it.
j Mr. Sparks, of Illinois, thought that the
i placing of these men was a simple action
■on the part of the Sergeant at-Arms, and
nothing to make a row about.
Mr. Kuott, of Kentucky, offered a sub
stitute for the resolution, declaring that the
placing of an armed force at the doors of
thi3 capitol is without authority of law, a
breach of the privilege of this House, and a
restraint on the liberties of the citizen,
which should be condemned, and directing
the Speaker to cause their Instant removal
from the approaches of this hall.
Mr. Hutchins accepted the substitute, but
refused to yield to Mr. Browne, of Indiana, i
to Insert “By the Democratic Sergeant-at- j
Arms of the Senate.”
Mr. Conger moved to lay the whole sub
ject on the table. Rejected—yeas 96, nays
120. ’ I
Then, It being ten minutes to twelve, Mr.
Hutchins, of New York, stated that he j
would ask no further action on his resolu
tion.
Mr. Young, of Qhio, criticised the action |
of the committee appointed to investigate
his election for not making a report, and
then, the hour of twelve having arrived, j
the Speaker said :
The work of the Forty-sixth Con
gress is done. Before uttering the
final words of its adjournment, precedent
justifies a few appropriate reflections. In
1874 the Democratic party, after a long In
terval, obtained control of this House.
With the close of this session, it is again in
a minority. At the outset it had to face a |
financial crisis almost unparalleled in our
history; labor unemployed; trade de
pressed; commercial distress widespread;
gloom everywhere. It stopped extrava
gance, established economy in administra
tion, restored confidence, and now, with
gladness, it beholds the republic launched
on a career of unexampled prosperity. It
found gold at a premium and the notes of i
the government at a discount. It leaves j
the credit of the United States better than I
ever before, and unequalled In the money j
markets of the world. It has witnessed the j
removal of sectional distrust and the resto- !
ration of perfect unity within our borders. I
It has given birth to an era of fraternal con- i
cord. . Men of all classes and of every sec
tion seem now to strive who shall 1
be6t serve the common weal. With the j
expenditures of the government lessened,
and the payment of interest reduced, the *
crowning triumph of the Democratic ad- |
ministration was the effort to refund the i
public debt at 3 per cent. [Slight laughter !
on the Republican side.] I am sincerely
grateful to the members of the House on j
every side for the vote of thanks i
with which they have honored
me. lam sensible how much I owe to the I
generous forbearance and active good will
of my fellow members. Thrice elected to
an exalted position, it may be personal pride
for me to remark that during all those ser
vices no decision of the chair has been over
ruled. But it is of higher import and a
renown much more enduring to the House
of Representatives that its fair
fame for that entire period is
unstained. The members have differed
widely, and yet, manifestly acting from their
deep conviction of duty, they have won
mutual esteem. For myself, I shall retire
from the Speaker’s chair with no unkind
feeling towards a solitary member. Wishing
you, one and all, a safe return to your
homes, it only remains for me, in obedience
to the mandate of the Constitution, to de
clare this House adjourned without day.
[Applause on the floor and In the galleries, j
The Liverpool Cotton Market.
Liverpool, March 4.—This week’s circu- i
lar of the Liverpool Cotton Brokers’ Asso
elation says: “Cotton was dull on Friday
and Saturday. The demand was revived
Monday and Tuesday, and considerable !
business was done at higher rates. On ‘
Wednesday and Thursday sales were lim
ited, with a pressure to sell. Quotations
for some qualities are slightly ■ reduced.
American was In increased demand
Sometimes, however, there was
much pressure to sell, but !
quotations after fluctuating are generally i
unchanged., except for ordinary and good !
ordinary, which are reduced y 6 and. For sea
island there was very small inquiry, and
quotations are yd. lower. Futures opened 1
dull, but became animated on Monday, and 1
prices were %and. higher. On Tuesday the
improvement was lost, the market closing i
dull at last week’s rates.”
■
W. I. Blair, Danville, Va., says: “I have
long suffered from Torpor of the Liver and
Dyapepsia, and have tried almost every
thing, but never derived half the benefit
that! have from Tutt’s Pills. I recommend
them to all who are afflicted with Dyspep
sia, Sick Headache or Biliousness. Know
ing Dr. Tutt personally, It gives me pleasure
to add my testimony to the merits of his
pills.”
ESTABLISHED 1850.
THE DOOM OF A VILLAIN.
PINK PRATT HANGED AT MARI
ETTA.
Eight Thousand Persons Present
lie Confesses on the Gallows, and
War ns the Crowd to Heed His Pate
History of the Fearful Crime He
Expiated.
Marietta, Ga., March 4.—The execution
of the negro, Pink Pratt, took place to-day
at College Hill, about three quarters of a
mile from this town, and was witnessed by
an assemblage of over eight thousand per
sons. There was no demonstration, and
excellent order was preserved.
At 12 o’clock he left the jail, surrounded
by a guard of thirty men, for the scaffold,
and while en route smoked a qjgar and
talked pleasantly to those having him In
charge. When the gallows was reached he
sprang from the wagon and nimbly climbed
the steps.
After prayer by a colored minister, Pratt
addressed the assemblage, confessing his
crime and expressing willingness to die, and
warning his hearers to heed his fate.
Two hymns were sung, and the Fifty-flrst
Psalm was read and prayer offered by Rev.
John Sangers. Two colored preachers were
present and assisted in the ceremonies.
At thirty-seven minutes past twelve
o’clock the rope was adjusted and the
doomed man bade farewell to the crowd.
The trap was sprung and the body swung
out Into the air, dropping with a heavy
thud, which broke the neck and produced
almost instant death, as there was not a
struggle after he fell.
At the expiration of thirty minutes hie
body was cut down and given to his friends.
His father, brothers and sisters witnessed
the execution.
Thus has been expiated one of the foulest
and most diabolical crimes that has disgraced
this county.
AN INNOCENT TRAPPED BI A BRUTE.
x he particulars of this heinous crime may
be briefly stated: Seven miles from Mari
etta, ia Cobb county, resides a very re*
speetable and worthy farmer by the name
of Watkins, who was blessed with a lovely
daughter of eleven years of age, and two
promising little boys. One mile from his
residence is a school, which his children at
tended, and were regarded as among the
best pupils. On the morning of the 24th of
September last, little Margaret Watkins
started to school, as was her custom, but on
this fatal morn she was alone, her young
brothers having been detained at home to
attend to some duties about the place. At
eight o clock she left her father’s house,
and with her lunch basket in one hand and
her school books in the other, tripped mer
rily away to the school house, little dream
ing of the frightful fate which awaited her.
As she entered a portion of the road
girted on one side with thickly studded
trees, she encountered a well known young
negro named Pink Pratt, whom she had
frequently seen working on her father’s
farm for the past two years. As she ap
proached nearer she discovered that the
negro was trying to
CONCEAL HIMSELF
in a coraer of the fence on one side of the
road. Not apprehending any danger, how
ever, the Innocent child walked on, when
suddenly the villain stepped in front of her,
obstructing her progress, and Inquired," Arc
your brothers going to school this morn
ing ln her artless simplicity she replied
No, they are going to pick cotton to-day.”
He then made I
AN INSULTING PROPOSAL
to her,which greatly terrified the child, who
began to cry bitterly,when the wretch seized
her by the throat-, and choking her almost
to the verge of insensibility,
DRAGGED HER FROM TnE ROAD
into tbfe bushes and brutally ravished her
person. The child was terribly choked, and
when she began to show signs of conscious
ness, the fiendish brute pulled out his knife,
forced her back to the ground, and pressing
his knees on her breast, told her he was
GOING TO CUT llßit THROAT.
She begged him not to kill her, when with
at h be said, yes he would kill her; that
i “he aid not she would tell her father. The
i affrighteu little innocent, in her terror,
i promised that if he would release her she
would not reveal his crime. With a threat
that if she did tell he would certainly
ki.l her, the wretch left his bruised and
lacerated victim to drag herself to her home.
On reaching her father’s house
HEB SWOLLEN NECK AND FACE
at once attracted the attention of her ob
servant mother, who saw that her young
daughter had met with some misfortune,
and questioned her so closely that little
Margaret finally told the horrible story of
her wrongs. Mrs. Watkins at once inform
ed her husband, who had a warrant sworn
out immediately for the arrest of Pink
Pratt, and Constable W. W. White, with
another youDg man, started in
SEARCH OF THE VILLAIN.
They met him on the road with another
negro. Without making known the nature
or cause of the warrant, the constable in
formed that he had a warrant for his
arrest. The negro became very defiant, and
when the officer attempted to take him into
custody resisted savagely, using a stout stick
m his defense. He was finally overcome
when the officer drew his pistol and threat
ened to shoot him, and submitted very qui
et/y- said be was willing to go
with the officer to Mr. Watkins or anywhere.
No mention was made up to this time of the
name of Watkins, and Pratt’s offer to go to
Mr. V\ atkins’ house showed that he though!
the arrest was for the offense he had lust
committed. Officer White then
TIED THE NEGRO,
and hurriedly brought him to Marietta jail,
where he was closely confined. The next
day when faced by his little victim he show
ed terror, and waived a preliminary trial.
He was returned to jail, and extra precau
tion was taken to prevent his escape. Dur
ing the night there was
STRONG TALK OF LYNCHING
the brute, and a few nights afterwards a
body of men armed started for the jail with
the intention of securing Pratt aud hanging
him without delay. It was stated, however,
that Mr. W. p. Stephens, the jailer, would
protect the prisoner to the best of his ability
and more prudent counsels prevailing, the
lynching was abandoned.
THE TRIAL.
At the February term of Cobb Superior
Court the negro was placed on trial for his
life. The testimony was strong against
him, and little Margaret identified him posi
tively as her assailant, the statement of the
physicians substantiating the terrible story
of the outrage upon the child. The negro
had the benefit of good counsel, and strenu
ous efforts were made in his behalf. The
evidence was, however, too complete, and
after a charge from the Judge the jury re
tired, and in fifteen minutes had agreed and
returned
A VERDICT OF GUILTY.
His lawyer moved for anew trial, and
made a strong argument on his motion, but
after a patient hearing the Judge overruled
it, and sentenced the prisoner to be hung
on the 4th of March.
THE EXECUTED MAN
was of lustful, brutish instinct, having pre
vious to this crime outraged a young colored
girl, and chased a white girl nearly to her
home, and only abandoned his lustful pur
pose from fear of being detected. His
father was so positive that the villian
would escape the jnst punishment of his
latest crime, that he was heard to remark:
‘‘MI PINK WON’T BE HUNG FOR NO WHITE
TRASH.”
But it seems that his impudent prediction
was not verified, and in this instance
at least the majesty of the law was vindi
cated, and to day Pink Pratt has expiated
upon the gallows one of the most heinous
crimes that has ever shocked this com
munity.
A WHOLESOME EXAMPLE,
it is hoped the execution of this negro,
Pink Pratt, will prove, and serve to deter
other brutal and villainous characters from
the commission of similar crimes. Several
such horrible outrages have been committed
by negroes in Cobb county upon defense
less white women, but it is beUeved that
the fate of this diabolical wretch may have
a salutary effect.
HE CONFESSES HIS GUILT.
From the time of his arrest he had stub
bornly denied being guilty of the crime un
til Monday last, when he confessed to Rich
ard Winn, Esq., that he committed the dia
bolical deed and showed for the first time
evidence that he had begun to realize his
sad fate.
THREATS TO RELEASE HIM.
During the week there were some colored
people who were indiscreet enough to say
that they intended to release Pratt if they
had to burn down the Jail to do it. Extra
precautions wore taken to prevent such an
attempt, and no demonstration was made.
THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT.
Tl Debate on Candaliar— Progress
of tbe Arm* 8111-Parnell and
Httelsell Henry.
London, March 4.—la the House of Com
mons to day Mr. Childers, Secretary of War.
announced that the government had made
Sir Evelyn Wood a Major General. Sir
Evelyn Wood’s supercession by Gen. New
digate had been unfavorably commented
upon.
Bir Charles W. Diike, Under Foreign Sec
retary, said he hoped that by Tuesday next
he would be able to give information rela
ve to the Fortune Bay Fishery question.
Negotiations being not yet concluded he
could not give information.
Replying to a question, he said the gov
ernment had no information respecting the
news published in the Tunes of India, that
the Russians are in possession of Merv, or
will be in a few days.
Mr. Gladstone, replying to a question b?
Lord Elcho, said he believed the armistice
with the Basutos has been prolonged.
Lord Hartingtou, Secretary of State for
India, replying to a question by Sir Henry
Tyler, said that the government had not yet
ordered the withdrawal of the troops from
Candahar, and he believes tbe Indian Gov
ernment would not do so either.
Mr. Parnell resumed the debate on the
second reading of the arms bill.
Mr. Parnell declared he exceedingly re
gretted the establishment of League Courts,
and stated that the Land League had ex
pressed Its disapproval thereof.
Mr. Mitchell Henry, Liberal and Home
Rule merab-r 'or Galoway county, charged
Mr. 1 arnell wiiii deluding; Irishmen into
tbe belief that tbe House of Commons
was determined to prevent the
amelioration of their condition,
teaching them that they could only hope
for redress through violence. Although
Mr. Parnell had recalled his advice to ten
ants to plough up the land, some pastures
had been ploughed up.
The arms bill passed its second reading by
a vote of 145 to 84. Its consideration ia
committee of the whole was fixed for Mon
day.
e R° use Lords to-night resumed
debate on Lord Lytton’s resolution that
nothing in the information laid before the
House justifies the announced po’'cy of the
government in regard to Candahar.
Viscount Cranbrook, late Secretary for lu
dia, maintained that a Russian advance was
inevitable, and must be provided against.
England was bound in honor to hold the
s °d t P°®itlon she had gained by the sword,
Ihe Duke of Argyle, Lord of the Privy
Seal, said Lord Lytton’s motion announced
a vote of censure on tbe government for not
adoptiug the policy of the Conservatives. The
language of the Conservatives was calculated
to assist Russian interests by inducing a
belief that England feared Russia’s advance.
Ihe policy of the government was not
founded on Russian promises or implicit
confidence in the Afghans, but on the hope
that the Afghans might be induced to be
lieve in the disinterestedness of England.
Lord BeacoDsfield asked who could have
supposed that the government, with the
Cabul correspondence to guide them, could
have repudiated the whole policy of
their predecessors. The financial
arguments against the retention of
Candahar had been U6cd against
the acquisition of the Puojaub and Scinde,
which were now sources of strength and
wealth. He did not believe, however, that
Candahar was the key of ludia. Vigor in
Parliament, the skill, resources and action
<f a determined people, were the keys of
India.
Lord Granville, Secretary of State for
Foreign Affairs, said the opinfon of the
Indian Government havmg been asked,
Lord Ripon favored the abandonment of
Candahar.
Lord LyttoD’s motion was adopted by a
vote of 156 to 76.
RUSSIAN FREEDOM.
Prospect of a Commission to Ar
range for Popular Represents*
tlon.
London, March 4.—The correspondent of
the Daily A ews at St. Petersburg says he
hears from an important official source, but
sends the Information under reserve, that
steps have been ordered to be taken to con
voke a preparatory commission, as was done
at the epoch preceding the emancipation of
the serfs, to consider iii what form repre
sentatives of the people can participate In
the consideration of State questions. The
initia ive In such a measure is apparently
due to General Mellkoff. 3
REV. DITISIIISTOR.
The Charge* Against Him Untrue.
New Orleans, March 4.— Regarding the
recent church trouble here, Bishops Foss
and Warren state that no charges were
ever made against Rev. Dr. Bristor,
of Ames M. E. Church. Dr. Bristor
was not removed, but regularly
transferred to the WilmingtoD, Delaware,
Conference. The author of the scandalous
statement against Dr. Bristor, in an open
letter of apology, says: “ The whole report
originated in a mistake, and was an inex*
disable blunder on my part.”
Weather Indications.
Office Chief Signal Observer, Wash
ington, March 4.—lndications for Satur
day:
In the South Atlantic States, fair weather,
southwest or northwest winds, stationary or
higher temperature, and higher barometer.
In the Middle States, cloudy or partly
cloudy weather, with occasional snow in
the northern part, winds shifting to colder
westerly, with rising barometer.
In the East Gulf States, fair weather,
northwesterly winds, stationary or lower
temperature, and higher barometer in tbe
northern part.
In the VVest Gulf States, fair weather
variable winds, possibly shifting in Texas to
southerly, stationary or lower barometer
and higher temperature in tho northern part
and stationary or lower in the southern
part.
Iu the Ohio valley and Tennessee, occa
sional snow, followed by clearing weather,
stationary or lower temperature, northeast
erly winds, and higher barometer.
Furious Gale—The Western Snows.
Long Branch, N. J., March 4.—A furi
ous northeast gale set In at midnight last
(Hull coast and causing much
Kkyport, N. J., March 4.—Ten or twelve
sloops and schooners were driven ashore
and wrecked here by to day’s storm. There
was, howtver, no loss of life.
Long Branch, N. J., March 4.—The
beach for miles is strewn with wreck stuffs,
tropical f'uits, etc., indicating that a vessel
has either been wrecked or compelled to
have part of her cargo thrown overboard
Chicago, March 4.— lt is still snowing
this morning, and the indications are that
the great storm which began Wednesday
evening has not finished vet, while its re
sults ia suspending traffic will survive
nearly a week. In tho country around
Chicago all traces of the roads have entirely
disappeared. In the Chicago post office over
two hundred tone of mail matter have ac
cumulated, awaiting to be sent out.
An Acceptable Chief magistrate.
Augusta, Ga., March 4.—The Chronicle
and CotetihUioualixt says: “We believe
that in Mr. Hayes’ successor the
republic will find an equally ac
ceptable Chief Magistrate. The Democracy
of the Union preferred General Hancock.
They saw in him a great statesman
as well as a gallant soldier. They
stood by and voted for him and
hoped fervently for his success. But Gen
Hancock was defeated, and the whole peo
ple are now prepared to give a eordial
support to President Garfield so long as be
shall demonstrate that he holds his office as
President of the entire country and not of a
faction.”
Perils of the Peep—Two Crews
Browned.
New York, March 4.— Laei night the
Italian bark Auace, from Antwerp, became
water-logged off Hooka way Beach. The
crew became demoralized when It became
evident the vessel was going ashore, and
four of them cut their throat*. The bark
first struck on the lloekaway shoals and
went to pieces by 4 o’clock this morning.
The crew numbered fifteen men all told
and all but one we/e drowned. ’
Londos, March 4 —A vessel, supposed to
have several women on board, has been
wrecked off Sunderland. All hands were
drowned.
Two New York Failures.
New York, March 4.—The announcement
was made to-day of the failure of Hugh R.
Healy, wholesale dealer in molasses at 88
Wall struct, with liabilities of about *130,-
000, and unknown assets. His failure is
ascribed to the tightness in the money
market and some losses on exported goods.
John Healy, brother of Hugh, who is a
dealer in glucose, at the same address, has
also failed, but has not yet made an assign
ment. His brother owes him largely.
A Negro murderer Caught.
Cincinnati, March 4.—A special from
Nashville to the Tmm Star sava Ananias
White, colored (the wile murderer), who
escaped from the officers yesterday was
captured at two o’clock this morning bv a
constable four miles from Nashvifle and
safely lodged in Jail to await trial.
a Baltimore Prussia*.
I have sold all of the best cough reme
dies for the last fifteen years and have found
none to approximate the exceedingly large
sale of Dr. Bull’s Cough Syrup. g
mhs H Cor. Penna. aye.' an’d^ddhfst.