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■ I. AND SENTINEL. ~ AI'GI’STA. fURDAY MORNING, JANUARY 18. I Th 7practice of discounting fictitious bills of JCtchaiwe by our Banks, instead of discounting mercantile paper, is the grossest abuse of the privi lege of banking,that has come to our knowledge, ft is nothing more than an indirect way of obtain ing usurious interest, which their charters forbid them to take, and the high price of Exchange, it is demonstrable, is the result of this same usurious spirit. We do not object to our Banks di«*un - inßbill.ofE.ch.ngear.wn .g.in* or utu.l fund, in the h.nd. of d>, dr.wen, l*c.u« th.t is a part of their legitimate business. and they are useful to the public in the transfer of money in that way, but for a Bank to refuse te discount good notes payable at short time, for the accommodation of merchants, and at tho same time willingly discount their fictitious bills of Exchange, for the purpose of extorting a dou ble profit, is an abomination that calls loudly for reform. The object of discounting bills is to procure Exchange on the place upon which the bill,is drawn, but these fictitious bills do not real- IjvJrcais such Exchange, and are nothing more than obligation* held by the Bank here, upon the drawer, to pay it the difference in Exchange be tween the two places. Thus, a merchant in good standing, whose note payable here, will not be ciscounted, being compelled to raise a aura of mo ney, draws bis bill upon Charlestomat sixty day* and gets it discounted, “interest off.” At the end of pxty day, having no funds in Charles ton, he goes to the Bank which discounted th« bill pays them 4 per cent, premiu in for a re newal for sixty days longer—or perhaps the Bank gives him an order for his bill upon his pay ing the premium —or sells him a draft at four pe* cent, upon the'very funds which his own bill is to create, to meet it!!! These shifts sire resorted to by the Banks to extort large profit*, and üb mitied to by the merchant, to save his credit; but it is a system which no merchant; can long withstand, and one which the Banks will con tinue as Jong as they wring it from the distressed. Now we insist upon it that if any Bank can venture to issue its b|lla to do such a business as this, it can as safely venture to issue them upon or dinary business paper; and if they can get bills on Charleston at par, interest ofl, for sixty days ? they can afford to sell the Exchange created by thsse bills at much less than lour per cent. pre. mium. It really seems as if our Banks had set up a regular opposition to the brokers—-and gone wholly and solely into the business of shaving. What is it they fear, to prevent them from issu ing 1 ? They do not pay specie, and they aie not compelled to redeem their bills in exchange. I£ we truly understand the views of our merchants, they do not so much object to paying the enor mous rates of Exchange, as to the parsimonious cou.se of the Banks by which money is made *o scarce as to disable them from purchasing it even at those rates. We hope tfee statements of the following rommuruc ition are true. The Insurance Bank has certainly a handsome circulation, which is al least some evidence that it is doing something for the relief of the city. We hope, ,00, that it will rontinue to do good, and that the other Banks may step forward and imitate its laudable example. By concert of action among all, much good might be done. Editors: —I am glad ’io sse the stand you have taken in relation to the Banks. I think, however, that one honorable exception might be made, viz. the Insurance Bunk, which has, to the extent of its ability, afforded every facility to the mercantile community. Iu bills are in high credit throughout Georgia and Caro lina, and constitute a larger part of ;he circula tion of this city than any Bank hero. iVithin a very recent period, it has discounted a large amount of local business paper, in small sums, and in such away as to afford relief to the great s est number. The Branch of the State Bank, - too. although it has not done as much as it might do. has nevertheless not altogether closed its doors to a suffering community. A. £ Mrs. Barnes’ Bknefit takes place to-night, and as we understand that this is the last visit of Mr. Barnes and his family to the South, we ad vise all who love a good Play to see these old acquaintances take their farewell. The enter tainments arc most attractive. Knowles’ Play of “Woman’. Wit, or Love's Disguises,” has been, for the past year, most successful, and pos sesses great interest. The characters embrace the talents of Mr. and Mrs. Barnes, Miss Barnes, and Mr. Forbes ; with such a cast th e Play must be admirably performed. In addition, and in compliance with the wishes of many of our citizens, we have tho Drama of La F itte, which Mias Barnes has so happily adapted ; while the original Epilogue, written by Miss Charlotte, must be heard from the lips of the authoress to be frit and understood. Bank ol llawkuriville. The Macon Telegraph of the 14th says A report is going the rounds of the newspapers, that the Stock in the llawkinsville Bank had b n sold to a Company in Alabama. We speak advisedly, when we say, there is net a word of trut£ in said report. The Hawkins*ille Bank is still owned and managed by Rawls, Tarver, Ev eriu and others —men of irreproachable charac ter, and above all suspicion as to pecuniary res ponsibility. In fact,,.w« look upon this institu tion as among the very safest and soundest in the State. « Nxwsr*pxa». The first newspaper publish ed in this country, w*s,the Boston News Letter, a weekly paper, first # published i n | 704, Boston Gaielte, the w&ond newspaper n „hli K h 1720. In 17*1, lh. N.w TrjS Con-' ram was commenced. It was printed by Benia tyn Franklin, chiefly on pica type, m two C op «mns, on half a sheet, of the size of pot writing w* 9 I, From the Mae York Star of the 10 th. Late from Europe. By the packet atrip Hibernia, Capt. Cobb, we have' received Eng lisb news to the I Uh of Decem ber. The new* it not of much importance. Par liament was expected to assemble on the ah ol January. No material change appears to have taken place since the last advices. The loan o! Mr. Jaudon, effected in behalf of the United States Bank, is a standing topic of conversation in the money market, though the business appears to be still enveloped in mystery. United States Bank Stock. — The Lon don Sun of the evening of the 10th of December, says “The Shares of United States Bank may be nominally quoted at £lB per Share.’ From the Morning Post of Bee 10. The arrangement announced as having just ta ken place between Messrs. Rothschild & Sons and Mr. Jaudon has caused a decided improve ment in the val je of U. States Bank shares. Sales of them were made in the course ot the morning at £l9 to £l9 lOs per share. It is un derstood that there are plenty of capitalists ready to go into the new loan, as the interest yielded up on the price given is somewhere about 10 per ct. per annum. The only objection made to it ap pears to be with respect to the guarantee offered for the reimbursement of the money, the underta king of the U. States Bank being deemed scarce ly sufficient in the present situation of its affairs. The measure has naturally engaged a good deal of the attention ol those who are in the habit of taking a leading part in such matters. The Times of Monday evening states that the Messrs. Rothschild have been named as contrac tors for it—and the total amount is stated at £900.- 000, for which they are to issue 5 per cent, de bentures, at 92, ami to hold as collateral security a large deposit of Ohio, Indiana, Pennsylvania and other American State stocks. But whether Messrs. Rothschild advance this money as a new transaction, is left unexplained. Liverpool Cotton Market, Dec. 9. The sales to-day amount about 5000 bags, inclu -1100 American cn speculation. Prices are the same as at the of last week. 3000 Pernams at 9$ to lOd; 100 Maranham, 9sd;B9 Bahia. 9sd; 100 Surat, 5$ to ss; a few Egyptian, 11$; the remainder, American, 6jd to Bd. On Saturday, 4000 were sold. British India. —lntelligence of considerable interest had been received from India, the dates being, from Calcutta, October 13th, Madras 19th, and Bombay 28lh. On the 18th of September; the Anglo-Indian troops set out on their return from Gleizni. They were to stop fur a few days at Kelat, and depose the chief of that princi pality for alleged unfriendly acts towards the English interests, and especially for taking an active part in the hostilities encountered by the troop on their march to Afghanistan. A vast conspiracy for the overthrow of the English power n I ndia, is said to have been dis covered at Karnaul, an independent Mohamme dan principality, the fort of which is 270 miles from Madras. A strong force was despatched thither by the Governor General, and the tort was invested and taken without resistance, as well as that of Joudpore. The cholera has broken out among the troops sent against Joudpore and Knrnard, in conse quence of which the camp at the former place was precipitately broken up on the 3d of Oct. There is no later intelligence from China, but from Calcutta we learn that two men-of-war had sailed for Canton, and that four others were or dered to Bombay, »o hold themselves in readiness to sail for Canton, if necessary, on receipt of despatches from Captain Elliott. France. —Paris papers ot Sunday, the Bth of December, had been received in London. They contain little additional news of importance. A third person implicated in the affair of the in fernal machine had been arrested. At his apart ments were found quantities of arms and amu nition. The Ministerial Journals are silent respecting the alleged appointment of the Duke of Orleans to a command in the army by which Abd-el-Kader is to be attacked next spring. Letters from Tculon of the 4th Dec. state that the steamer Vautour, which left Algiers 30tb Nov. arrived in that port on the night of the 3d, with despatches from Marshal Vallee. When she sailed, the report of a distant cannonade was heard in Algiers, and it was believed that Abd-el- Kader had made a general attack on the Fiench line. All the persons who arrived from the the atre of hostilities, were enjoined to secrecy by the authorities, lest any unpleasant news should tran spire and increase the discouragement which had already seized the European population. Not a single soldier remained in the city, and its protec tion was then entirely committed to the armed citizens. The liveliest uneasiness accordingly prevailed. The Moors, on the other hand, who amounted to at least 20,000, were in the greatest exultation. India.— The advices from India were from Calcutta the 13th and Bombay the 28th Octobei. They state that the fall of Chiznee, which deci ded the Affghan question, had produced a most important impression on the people. In Burmah and Nepaulthe effect was instantaneous. Upon Persia it would be equally influential. New York Legislature. In the Senate, on the 7th, on motion of Mr. Furman, the Senators proceeded to draw for their respective terms of service, which resulted as fol lows : Mr. Humphiey, 2 Mr. Root, 4 Mr. Sanford, j In the Assembly, the old rules were adoptep. Jaude Hertell opposed the motion to appoint a chaplain, and mo'ed the resolution lie laid on the table, which, after some discussion, was agreed to. Mr. P. H. Porter gave notice of his inten tion to introduce u bill relative to the election of State Printer. In the Senate, on Wednesday, Gen. Root of fered a resolution for a call of a Convention to amend the Const ition of the United States, limi inglhe election of a Piesident to one term pro hibiting the appointment of members of Congress to office—also prohibiting the removal from office by the President without the consent of the Sen ate, and appoimir g the Secretary of the Treasury by Congress. Mr. Furman introduced a hill providing for the election of a Senator in Con gress the day after the passage of the bill—it was read once. On motion, Richard M. Meigs was | elected Sergeant-at-Arms, and Philip M. DeZing doorkeeper. In the House, Mr. Porter introduc ed his bill for the election of State Printer foi four years, and Mr. Thurlow Weed was named in the bill by a majority of 10 votes. The bill was still under discussion when the House ad journed.—Star. From the Baltimore American. Bank of Kentucky.— We iearn from the New York Courier that letters have been received from the Secretary of the Sinking Fund of Ken tucky, by parties in New-York, who have made sales to the Commissioners of Certificates of the Bank of Kentucky, stating, in effect, that it ap pearing by recent developments that a large number ot Certificates ot stock in the Bank of Kentu ky had l**n surreptit.ously issued from the Schuylkill Bank, the transfer agent of the Bank of Kentucky m Philadelphu-and trans ited at the agency of the Bank of Kentucky in New York—the Union Bank—tl le Commis sioners not having the means of ascertaining whether the share® they purchased are or are not of the spurous k nd, invite attention to the facts in older to ascertain upon whom the loss , n „J ultimately fell. u 1 Upon this statement the Courier remarks This is certainly the most extraordinary logic. We should say that the loss must certainly fall on the Bank of Kentucky. If they clothe an agent with certain powers, publicly and officially announce the authority they have conferred on him, and he abuse such powers and authority, surely they must bear the consequences. Were it otherwise, there would be an end of all securi ty in making transfers of any kind of stock, in deed of all safety, to intermediate agents, who become parties to the transfer of evidences of debt of any kind—for though such evidence comes from the fountain head, —suppose, tor in stance, from the Bank itself, —who can possibly say that there has not been some surreptitious dealing in its creation. It is an unfortunate aflair for the Bank, no doubt, but it cannot, at least in a mercantile view, shift the responsibility from its own shoulders. From the New York Herald. Great Resumption ot Specie Payments. We learn that a large portion of the money sto* lenfrom the brig Vineyard, in November, 1830> by Gibbs, the pirate, and his associates, W ansley and others, has been found upon a small island, called Plumb Island, lying between the east end ol Coney Island and the west side of Barren Isl and, on the Long Island coast. The first discovery of this money took place upon New Year’s day, immediately after the late heavy blow. On that day, three fishermen, or wreckers, took a boat, and went cruising round the shores of the above three islands for pieces of wrecks, or whatever “plunder” the sea might throw in their way. When they landed on the south side of Plumb Island, they say the Mexican dollars strewing the beach, from the edge of the water up to a high sand bank, about a rod from high water mark. It was in this sand bank-that Gibbs, Wansley, Dowcs and Brownrigg, buried all the specie they took on shore from the brig Vineyard; and, mis taking Plumb Island for Barren Island, when they went, afterwards, to show the officers where the money w'as buried, they could not find the spot. After a lapse of nine years, the sea has laid the treasure bare. The sand band, in which they buried the mon ey, is, as we have stated, about a rod from high water mark; and the sea never reaches it, except in unusually severe gales, as in the present in stance. During the recent high tides, the sea washed away the sand, washed off some of the canvass bags, in which they were buried, and j strewed dollars all along the beach, besides re-bu- | rying some in the sand again. The greater part, however, were not disturbed, but lay in their ori ginal grave, on the top of the bank like a ridge of potatoes. From this spot to the water’s edge, ; the three first finders saw the dollars lay like sea shells on the shore. For two days, they had the picking all to themselves. Since then, all the claim boys, wreckers, and loafers, from the neigh boring villages, have turned eut, and dug in the sand with various success. Some would find S2O in a lump; others S3OO in a spot, and so in proportion. One man found a pair of sus penders, sowed full of dollars, that had belonged to Atwill, the pirate, who was drowned going ashore. The search still continues; at least 300 people are on Plumb Island, raking and scratch ing; and they have established a ferry from the east end of Coney Island, where they charge 25 cents for a passage to the lucky spot. The career of Gibbs, who buried the money on this spot, was a curious one. He was born in Rhode Island in 1794. At the age of fifteen, he went on board the U. S. sloop of war Hornet, and was in the action when she took the Peacock, off Pernambuco. He followed Lawrence on board the Chesapeake, was taken by the Shannon sent to Dartmouth, and exchanged. He returned to Boston, borrowed a thousand dollars, opened a rum shop in Ann street, called the Tin Pot. Here he burst up, on account of spending his money on girls, and sailed in the ship John, for Buenos Ayres. Here he joined a Buenos Ayrean privateer, mutinied, took the vessel, landed the crew in Florida, steered for the West Indies, cap tured 20 vessels, and murdered 400 persons. The haunt of himseKand associates was the Regia, at Havana. In 1819 he came to New York, with $30,000, spent several weeks here, went to Bos ton, and sailed in the ship Emerald, Capt. Fox, for Liverpool. Here he met and seduced the cel ebrated Jane Henry, now in this city, whose love letters to Gibbs made such a noise. In 1826, he revisited the United States, and hearing of the war iretvveen Brazil and the Re public of Buenos Ayres, sailed from Boston in the brig Hitty, of Portsmouth with a determination, as he states, oftrying his fortune in defence of a republican government. Upon his arrival he made himself known to Admiral Brown, and com municated his desire to join their navy. The ad miral accompanied him to the Governor, and a Lieutenant’s commission being given him, he joined a ship of 34 guns, called the “Twenty Fifth of May.” He served for a long time as sth lieutenant,, then had command of a privateer schooner, with two 24 pounders and 46 men. He then bought half a Baltimore schooner, was captnied when seven days out, taken into Rio Janeiro and im prisoned till the peace, when he cam* to New York. A year afterwards he sailed hence in the Sally Ann, landed at Barcelona, crossed to Port. ■ Mahon, and then to Tunis. Not being able to join the Dey of Algiers, he mused, like Marius, among the ruins of Carthage. He then went t (y Boston, via Marseilles. Gibbs, in his last visit to Boston, remained there but a few days, when he took passage to- New Orleans, and entered as one of the crew on . board the brig Vineyard; and for assistiig in the murder of the unfortunate captain anc mate of ; which, he was justly condemned, and tie awful 1 sentence of death passed upon him ! The par ticulars ot the bloody transaction (agreeable to f the testimony of Dawes and Brownrigg. the two principal witnesses,) are as follows: The brig A ineyard, Capt. William Thornby, sailed from > New Orleans about the 9th of November, 1830, -for Philadelphia, with a cargo of 112 bales of cot - ton, 113 hhds. sugar, 54 caks ofmolwses and s 54,000 dollars in specie. Besides Ue captain, 5 there were on board the brig, Wm. Roberts, mate* - six seamen shipped at New Orleans, and tie r cook. Robert Dawes, one of the crew, states on I examination, that when about five days out, he - was told that there was money on board, Charles i Gibbs, E. Church, and the steward then deter -5 mined to take possession of the brig. They ask r ed James Talbot, another of <he crew, to join • them. He said no, he did not believe there was money in the vessel. They concluded to kill the I captain and mate, and if Talbot and John Brown- I rigg would not join them, to kill them also • The next night they talked of doing it, and got their clubs ready. Dawes dared not say a word, as they declared they would kill him if he did; as they did not agree about killing Talbot and Brownrigg. shipmates, it was put off. They s next concluded to kill the captain and mate on I the night ol November 22, but, on the night of tba 23d, they killed them. • After killing the captain and mate, they set ■ about overhauling the vessel, and got up one keg . of Mexican dollars. They then divided the cap. • tain’s clothes, and money—about 40 dollars and f a gold wateb. Dawes, Talbot and Brownrigg i ( wh « were all innocent of the murder.) were obliged to do as they were commanded— the for mer who was placed the helm, was ordered to steer for Long Island. On the day following they divided several kegs of the specie, .mount ing to five thousand dollars each— they made bags and sewed the money up. After this divis ion they divided the remainder of the mtnev without counting it. On Sundav, when about 1 16 miles S. S. E. of Southampton Light, they got the boats oat and pot half the money in each they then scuttled the vessel and set fire to it in the cabin, and took to the beats. Gibbs, after the murder, took charge of the vessel as captain. From the papers they learnt that the money be longed to Stephen Girard. With the boats they made the land about daylight. Dawes and his three companions were in the long boat; the others, with Atwell, were in the jolly boat —on coming to the bar the boats struck —in the long boat, they threw overboard a trunk of clothes and and a great deal of money, in all about SSOOO the jolly boat found red; they saw the boat fill, and heard them cry out, and saw them clinging to the masts—they went ashore on Barren Is land—(they meant Plumb Island) —and buried the money in the sand, but very lightly. Soon after they met with a gi*nner, whom they re quested to conduct them where they could get some refreshments. They were by him conduc ted to Johnson’s (the only man living on the is land.) where they staid all night—Dawes went to bed about 10 o’clock—Jack Brownrigg setup ; with Johnson, and in the morning told Dawes i that he had told Johnson all about the murder. — Johnson went in the morning with the steward ! for the clothes, whieh were left on the top of the place where they hurried the money, but they took away no money.” Such were the facts as they appeared on the trial, Dawes and Brownrigg were admitted Slates evidence as, from their statements, Gibbs and Wansley were arrested, and taken first to Flat bush, as pirates. The other three, Atwill, Church and Talbot, were drowned in the jolly boat, off Plumb Inlet. After their committal they took the officers to search for the monej they buried, but could not find it. There was at first $54,000, Os this, the three lost in the joby boat had their first share, $15,000 besides their share of the last division, about S4OOO more. Gibbs threw SSOOO overboard from the long boat, leaving about $30,000 that was hurried; and nearly all of which has been found. Sxow.—When drops of water are congealed into spicul® in the air, they collect, in falling, into flakes of snow. Above the region of the glaciers the snow sometimes falls in separate spicul®. When examined with a microscope, snow reveals a beautiful structure, consisting ot j needles which are regular six-sided prisms, formed from a rhomboid, whichg is the primitive shape. It falls more abundantly in temperate, than in | arctic regions, and is found to be beneficial rather | than otherwise; for, being a bad conductor of i heat, it preserves the plants beneath from too great a degree of cold. On one occasion in Ger many, snow fell on the corn which was in flower, j and preserved it from a hard frost that followed, :so that ultimately the corn ripened. Under | neath ice, snow is often found to be not lower in i temperature than 32° (just the freezing point;) • and hence people buried under the snow, if per i milled a free access of air, may live a long while, ; because warmer than if on the surface. Red snow has been observed at Baffin’s Bay, • and the neighboring regions. Its color was found to be owing to minute red mushrooms, or fungi, growing in tho snow. In an account of Sir John Ross’s last voyage, this phenomena is no ticed as follows: “On the 17th of August, it was discovered that the snow on the face of the cliffs presented an appearance both novel and interesting, being apparently stained, or covered with some sub stance, which gave it a deep crimson color. Ma ny conjectures were formed concerning the cause of this appearance, and a party was dispatched from the ship to bring off some of the snow. It v/as found to be penetrated, in many places, to t’tie depth of ten or twelve feet, by the coloring matter, and it had the appearance of having l>een a long time in that state. On being brought on board, the snow was examined with a microscope, magnifying a hundred times; and the red sul»- stance appeared to consist of particles resembling i a very minute round seed—all of them being of he same size, and of a deep red color. On their being dissolved in water, the latter assumed the appearance of muddy port wine; and, in a few hours, it deposited a sediment, which was again examined with the microscope. It was found to be composed entirely of red matter, which, when applied to paper, produced a color resembling that of Indian red. It was the opinion of Doctor Wollaston, that this was not a marine produc tion, but a vegetable substance produced in the mountain immediately above.” Among the glaciers, yellow snow is sometimes found. Capt. Scoresby observed snow of an or ange color, owing to the presence of minute ani mals. What is called ‘the snow-line,’ is tn« region where congelation commences. As heated air ascends, how is that the cold increases as we go up a mountain 1 The reason is, that the density of the air diminishes as we ascend ; and, conse quently, its heat is absorbed (becoming latent, as it is called,) so that the temperature falls. With in the tropics the snow-line is generally stationa* ry, because the temperature there does not vary much; but as we recede from the equator the bight ol the snow-line is more variable, becoming again stationary at the poles. Under the equator this line is many thousand feet above the level of the sea. At for.y degrees north latitude, its bight is about nine thousand feet above the level of the sea in summer; but in winter it falls lower. At sixty degrees north lilitude, the hight of the summer snow-line is about three thousand seven hundred feet, but in winter it falls to the level of the sea. At the polls, it is supposed that the snow lies all the year round, the weather chang ing but little. 1 here are some modifying circum stances which influence the snow-line. Suppose a range of mountains, in the same latitude, with one end reaching the sea. At this end the snow hne will he lower than at any other part; because this portion of the range, being near the sea, is invited, during a large portion of the year, with mists and fogs, which keep down the tempera ture; while, in the interior, the valleys become heated, and thus force up the snow-line to a greater hight. This is the case with the Scandi navian mountains. In means just stated, and the snow-line is therefore higher in the middle— so that it assumes a convex form. In a range of mountains in Switzerland, the snow-line on their south side (exposed to the sun) is ten thousand feet above the level of the sea, but on the north side it is only three thousand six hundred feet. “ So was Franklin I” “O, you’re a ’prentice!” said a little boy the other day tauntingly to his companion. The addressed turned proudly round, and while the fire of injured pride and the look or pity were strongly blended in his countenance, coolly an swered—“ So was Franklin The dignified reply struck me forcibly ; and I turned to mark the disputants more closely. The lorraer, I perceived by his dress, claimed a higher rank in society than his humble but more dignified companion. The latter was a spright ly, active lad, scarcely twelve years old, and coarsely, but cleverly attired. But young a* he was, there was visible in his countenance much of genius, manly dignity, and determined resolu tion while that ot the former exhibited only fostered pride and the imagined superiority of The little fellow, thought we, gazing at our young hero, displays already much ol the man— theugh his calling be an humble one, and though poverty extends to him her dreary, cheerless reality, still he looks on the brightest side of the scene, and already rises in anticipation Ir.un pov erty, woe and wretchedness! Once, " aowaa Franklin and the world may one day witness in our little “ preniict ” as great a philosopher as they have already seen in his noble pattern. And we passed on buried in meditation. The motto of our infantile philosopher con tains too much to be forgt tten, and should be en graven on the minds of all. What can better cheer a man in an humble calling, that the re flection that the greatest statesman —the highest philosophers —and the proudest warriors—have once graced the same profession. Look at Ciminnatus ! At the call of his coun try. he laid aside the plough and seized the sword. But after wielding it with entire success —when his country was no longer endangered, and public affairs no longer needed Jiis stay, he “beat his sword into a plough share,” and return ed with honest delight to his little farm. Look at Washington ! What was his course of life ! He was first a farmer —and next com mander-in-chief of a host of freeman, fighting for the liberties of his country trom the thralls of despotic oppression; next called to the high est seat of government by his ransomed bn th ren, a President of the highest republic on earth, and lastly, a farmer again. Look at Franklin. He who— With the thunder talked, as *riend to friend, And wove his garland of the lightning’s wing In sportive wist! What was he 1 a printer! Once a mechanic in a printing-office ! Poverty stared him in the face ; but the blank, hollow look could nothing daunt him. He struggled against a harder cur rent than the most are called on to encounter; but he did not yield. He pressed manfully on ward ; bravely buffetted misfortune’s billows; and gained the desired haven ! What was the famous Ben Johnson ? He was first a bricklayer or mason? What was he in alter years ? ’tis needless to answer ! What was Burns' l An Ayreshire plough man ! What was he in after life, in the estima tion of his countrymen, and the world! Your library gives the answer! Shall we go on, and call up the proud, array, all the mighty host of worthies that have lived and died; who were cradled in the lap of penu ry, and received their first lesson in the school of affliction ? No, we have cited instances enough already—yea, more than enough to prove the point in question ; namely, that there is no pro fession, however low in the opinion of the world, but has been honored with earth’s greatest and worthiest. Young man ! Does the iron hand of fortune press hard upon you, and disappointments well nigh sink your despairing soul? Have cour rage!—mighty ones have been your predeces sors, and have withstood the current of opposi tion. that threatened to overwhelm their fragile hark ? Do you despise your humble station and re pine that Pi evidence has not placed you in some nobler sphere ! Murmur not against the dispen sations of an all-wise Creator ! Remember that wealth is no criterion of moral rectitude, or in tellectual worth ; that riches, dishonestly gained, are a lasting curse ; that virtue and uprightness works out a rich reward ; and then “An honest man is the noblest work of God.” And when dark disappointment comes, do no? wither at her stare—but press forward, and the prize is yours ! It was thus with Franklin—it i can be thus with you. He strove for the prize and won it! So may you. ’Tis worthy con tending for ! and success will attend you ; and the ‘stars’nil! he brighter as the ‘stripes’ wear deeper.— C. W. Everett. From the Sailor's Magazine. Diasters at Ska in the tear 1839.—A re cord has been kept at the office of the American Seaman’s Friend Society, during the year just closed, as in past years, of disasters at sea, so far as they could be iscertained, vhich resulted in a total loss of the vessels. The foil jwing is the result: The whole number of vessels lost is 442 Os these there were Ships and Barks 74 dj Brigs 124 do Schooners 197 do Sloops do Steamboats 9 do Unknown 32 Os these there were lost, towards the close of 1838, but were reported in 1839 52 Wrecked in January 26 do February 27 do March 33 do April 21 do May 29 do June jg do July 15 do August 29 do September 64 do October 30 do November 27 do December g do Time unknown 61 Added to the above entire and known I isses, i there has been reported thirty-seven missing ves sels during the year, which, with fheir crews . have most probably been entirely lost. Five hun dred and thirty-seven lives have been reported as > lost, but the loss of life is undoubtedly much greater than this, as many vessels were reported as abandoned, or bottom up, where the crew was missing, and no intelligence has been received 1 from them. Ihe above facts speak a language 1 concerning the sorrows of seamen, not to be misunderstood, and they should be most solemn . ly pondered by those who have a heart to feel 1 and a heart to relieve. r Personal Appearance of Lord Brough am.—Rev. Mr. Clark, in his “glimpses of the ■ Old World,” thus describes the appearance of * this celebrated orator; 1 “Lord Brougham’s appearance is rather strik ■ ing. He is somewhat tail, quite thin, rather care less in his personal appearance, with a face, into 5 which, when he is speaking, is tbn-wn infinite 1 expression. I never saw the man who played off ■ with so much facility and effect, whole volleys of 5 the most keen and caustic satire. When assail -1 in 8 an opponent, having cut oft’all possibility of : retr eat, he seems to delight to stand and wave I over him in taunt his shining scimitar, before it ’ descends with merciless and exterminating pow- I er. His words do not express half the meaning that is conveyed while he is speaking. He has I the haoit of drawing up one side of his face and 1 ‘-specially the left nostril, into such an aquiline shape when about to utter any thing particularly caustic that every word seems to derive immense point from the peculiar expression of his count®- * nance. 1 ' The Societt of Women— No society is more profitable, because none more refining and provocative of virtue, than that of refined and sen sible women. God enshrined peculiar goodness in the form of woman, that hei beauty might ’ win, her gentle voice invite, and the desire of he • favor persuade man’s sterner souls to leave nath« ;of sinful strife for the ways of pleasantnea/ and * peace. But when woman falls from her blest eminence, and sinks the guardian and the cher ; isher ot pure and rational enjoyment* into the" va.n coquette, and flattered idolater of idle sash ion. she .a unworthy of an honorable man’s love f man “ ad,uiral ‘°n- Beauty i. then We honor the chivalrous deference which is 1 paid m our land to women. It proves that our men know how to respect virtue and pure affec tion. and that our women are worthy of such re ' s l >ect - Yel woman should be something more than mere woman to win us to theii society To be our companions, they should he fitted to be our friends; to rule our hearts, they should be deser ving the approbation of our mindg. There are many such, and that there are not more, is rather * the fault of our sex than their own; and despite all the unmanly scandals tha* have been thrown upon them in piose and versg, they would rather share in the rational conversation of men of sense than listen to the silly compliments of fools; and Bf a man dishonors them as well as disgraces hm. Si? self, when he seeks their circle for idle pastimes * and not for the improvement of his mind and the g elevation of his heart.— Merchant's Magazine. Cj* At a Convention of the Pegimental Otfi. cers of the 10th Regiment, Georgia Militia, hoi- Bj den on Wednesday, the 15th January, Present, Lt. Col. S. C. Wilson, Bj Capt. W. T. Gould, A. A G. “ E. Starnes, C. R. |iWP “ E. G. McGolhick, 122 d dis. Co* <j, “ S. Milling, 398th “ *• “ Rf. P. Stovall, 600th “ «. The following preamble and resolutions were p unanimously adopted, viz : t rtr Whereas, by an act of the General Assembly ££ of the State of Georgia at its last session, the 10t Regiment has been so altered as to confine it to the limits of the City of Augusta : And Where as, the lines and bounds of the Battalions within |oo* said Regiment are undefined. Therefore, Resolved , That all that part of the City of Au- ■ - gusta east of, and below Mclntosh street, and R known as the Ist and 2d Wards of said city' compose and be designated the 75th Battalion of iftd the Militia of this State. rc» 2d And be it further Resolxed, That al. tha* am part of the City of Augusta, lying west of. and abo<e Mclntosh street, and known as the 3d and ’he 4th wards of said city, constitute the * ** Battalion of the Militia 6f this State. ‘ ‘J On Motion, Lesolved, I hat the proceedings of ti the Convention be signed by the Chairman and countersigned by the Clerk of I he Regiment, and tr© published in the city papers, for the information of all concerned. 'ori On motion, the Convention then adjourned. lseJ SAMUEL C. WILSON, Chairman, P> James W. Clarke, Clerk. Pf* *To be numbered by his Excellency, the Cover- ite nor. .ydj Consignees per South Carolina Itail UoiitL 3 Hamburg, January 17, IS4O. n ; ?a Dr. P. F. Eve; Russell, Hutchinson & Co.; T Dawson ;J. T. Parmelee; Rees & Beal!; Hand & X™ Scranton ;W. E. Jackson ; Gstrotzke &Co; J L b«i Frazerf A. Frederick ;A. G. Bassett; J. F. Ben- S son; E. Boyce ; Bolling & H.; D. Plunkett; G B Parrott. ’ PJB ' " chib MARINE INTELLIGENCE % —■ ■ 3 Savannah, Jan. 13. nati Cleared — w hip Vandalio, Soule, Liverpool. gi Arrived —Brbark Essequebo, Lament, Trinidad; ifi Br brig Isis, Dickson, Demarara; brig Augusta, Pi Sherwood, New York ; steamboats Despatc 1, Guil martin, Augusta ; John Randolph, Lyon. n ent to sea Br ship Chas. Huraberson, Mar- 7 shall, Liverpool; ship Berwick, Harding, Liver pool. nk>t van Charleston, Jan. 17. Arrived yesterday —CL brig Emilv, Sherwood, New \ ork ® 1 u Cleared —Schr Virgini Antoinette, Place, West .tL In lies ; schooner United States Halwerson, Jack- SS sonvil e. 1 Went to sea yesterday— Brig Commerce, Read, jffj Boston ; brig Smithtield, Wakefield, Providence. ,f V - in t Q'F IF, G. NIMMO, General • ommission M$- tba chant, office on Mclntosh street, next door to the mel Constitutionalist. no v 7 Mp _ Cj” Doctor J. J. WILSON offers his proses- sional services to the citizens of Augusta and its vicinity. He will be found at his residence, the flf first brick building above Guedron’s stable on Ellis " street, recently occupied by John L. Adams. « I 17 t f_ m (X y' D r - IF. FLINT offers his services to the ci- **** tizens of Augusta in the different branches of his profession. He may be found at all hours at the fW 1 ate residence of Mr. A. M. Egertoa, second dooi X from the comer of Mclntosh and Reynold streets nev 29 ly ’ Ur* . H ouse , Sign and Ornamen- tho tal Fainter, lb7 Broad street. —Sign and ornamen- oat tal work done at short notice. d«c 5 Crr 2XCII ANGE ON NEW YORK— At sig*, M and at one to tw ty days sight. For sale by- vs nov 23 GARDELLE & KHIND. jJJ (Li r - D. HARRIS offers his services in the practice of his profession to the citizens of Au<ms ta and its vicinity. Mcsages will receive prompt vei attention if left at his drug store in Broad street or V® at his residence in Ellis street, below Washing- fc ton ‘ nov 7 J zy hi. SHA WIRE , ARTIST, has opened his dm Rooms at the Masonic Hall. 2d story, where he will ec be happy to receive orders for Miniatures.—Correct cxi likenesses will be warranted. j dec 28 trwlm* (T/’A. IVERSEN is now prepared to resume his professional duties as a Teacher of Music. Or- t ders left at T. H. Plant’s book store, or at Mrs. Campfield’s boarding house, will be promntlv at tendedto nov 26 fl; NOTICE. —Dr, Munhoe, Surgeon Dentist, has returned to Augusta. d ec 9 j C O'TO THE LOVERS~OF THE The Paintings at Mr. Richards’ Drawing Academy, J (Masonic Hall,) will hereafter be opened to vi£ T tors every Saturday afternoon and evening , from 2 0 clock until 9 o’clock p. m. At night ihl rooms g will be well lighted. % dec 19 W • Gj'-f CARD.—Mr. Richards, Teacher of Draw ing and Painting, will resume his professional du ties in Augusta at an early day. nov 7 NOTICE.- The Rail Road Passenger Train between Charleston and Hamburg, will leave aa ■ follows: J UPWARD. N* Not to leave Charleston before 700 a m \ “ “ Summerville, “ - -S 30 ’ ■ “ !! Oeorges’, -“ . 10 00 Braachville, “ - 11 00 Ik Midway, - « _ n3O M P ‘ “ Blackville, - “ - 1 0 0 P“ Aiken, - - « . 300 8u Arrive at Hamburg not before - 4no Li< downward. ~ He Not to leave Hamburg before 600 a m Aiken, - « - _ 73n » “ “ Blackville, «. . qf n 1 “ “ Midway, «..10 to -I ;; “ Branchvill -. . g £ i ' « „ Georges’ «--12 00 m. ta Summerville,“ - . 0 ODp « Arrive at Charleston not before 3on „ Distance 136 miles. KareThreugh-J 10 00 “ Speed not over SO miles an hour. Vo rVmatr SO £ S»-• I Passengers «d will breakfast at Woodstock and lae dine at B.ackvi.le; aown, win at AiSn and dine at Summervii.e. 21 } Georgia Insurance . nrcsnf Augusta. January 6. 1840. S f .LDERSofncw stock are required to .inko 1 their payments equal to sixty dofiais ih-i snare, on or before the 21st of February next, mterest to that day, under penalty of forfeiture. J 407 td WM. T. GOULD, See’y.