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CHRONICLE AND S BNTIXEL. august a • SATURDAY MORNING, FI BRUARY 29. The Reading Bfom. H At the suggestion of some oif our friends who have expressed much anxiety fc 1 * the continuation of our Reading Room, we h;i?/e consented to send round to day a Subscription, to all the old Subscribers, to give them an opportunity of re newing their Subscriptions, an dji to otners who may be desirous to become S abac fibers. \re will not insult the goad sense ot the community bv offering any suggestions on t le advantages ot keeping up and sustaining a ’well conducted Reading Room in the city—the} are familiar to all. If a sufficient number be oi lained to cover * expenses, which is all we desire wc shall forth with conclude our arrangements for flitting it up in a style, that will render it ars; agreeable resort, both to Subscribers and those strangers whom they introduce:—who alo.ve wi|l be admitted to its privileges. | Mods. Adrien, s By an advertisement in thisd ly’s paper, it will be seen that Mans. A’s first, exhibition will take place at the Theatre on Mondavjevening next. Gen. Harrison.—Abolition. Two days since, as an act of justice to the “ he ro of Tippecanoe,” we promised to lay before our readers, his opinions on the all absorbing and ex citing Subject ot Abolition. M!e farther stated that when the evidence wts suknitted, no im partial man would say he was more obnoxious than the sage and patriot Jefferson. By this, however, we designed not to insinuate that Mr. Jefferson, was it* the slightest decree attainted by that reckless spirit of fanaticism. We therefore commence to-day with the proof, and will take occasion to remark, that Gen. Har. rhon is now an old naan, —has been in public life with but little intermission near forty years ; du ring which time, he has had freqjbent occasions to express his opinions upon the sulject of slavery ; on all of which he has done sc* became an in dependent freeman, as became the son of Virgin ia. And on no occasion, has he jsver uttered a sentiment that has come to our knowledge, which in the slightest degree, can, without great perver sion of the sense, be tortured into ;ji support of the wild schemes of the Abolitionists ? The first evidence which we Submit for the consideration of our readers, wi* copy from the Emancipator, and Rochester Free nan, which pa pers are organs of the Abolitionist;!. In which it will be seen, that they exhibit the recorded opin ions of General Harrison as far batik as 1802. “Gexeual Hahhisox.— Many have supposed that it might be expedient for the Executive Com mittee to interrogate General Harrison, now that he is the recognised candidate for the Presidency, with some prospect of election, to learn his views with respect to the abolition of slavery. But ® where is the use ? It is true, we rejoice in the rejection of Henry Clay, because he is a slavehol der, and a defender of slavery. Gen. Harrison, we know, is not a slaveholder. Neither is Mr! \an Burcn. But no one thinks it necessary to interrogate Mr. Van Buren. Why ? Because his principles are known to be in favor of the as cendancy of the Slave Power. Rut are those of Gen. Harrison any less so ? Hits is the man of h : s party, and that party have shown the abso luteness of their subserviency by nominating a slaveholder, a peculiarly bigoted devotee of slave ry, on the same ticket with General Hairison, and now by electing a nullifying slaveholder, from slavebreeding Virginia, for Speaker. But we submit, further, that Gen. Harrison’s principles are already well known by his deeds, of ■which we find the following summary in the Ro chester Freeman : § In December, 1802, while Governor of Indiana erritoiy, he was president of a convention ofthe people ot that lerritory, held at Vincennes, and transmitted to Congress a memorial of the con tention, praying that the sixth article ol the -‘Or dinance of ’87,” which prohibited slavery there, might be suspended. (See Arm Papers, 1803.) His efforts to make Indiana a slave State were prosecuted for year’; while he was Governor of that Territory. I hi 1819, Feb. 15, Gen. Harrison voted, as a member of the House of Representatives, against a clause prohibiting the further introduction of slavery in Missouri: and against a clause for the further emancipation (at 25) of slaves born with in that State. Two days afterwards he voted against a clause prohibiting the future introduc tion of slavery into Arkansas, and against the fu ture emancipation of slaves born in Arkansas. bo basely did he how to slavery, that even Ohio was shocked. He was indignantly rejected at me next Congressional election in 1822. The National Intelligencer of Oct. 20,1822, says • “It is confirmed to us that Mr. Gazely is elected in opposition to General Harrison. A friend in forms us. which we arc sorry to learn, that he was opposed particularly on account ol his adherence to that principle ofthe Constitutioicwhich secures to the people of the South them pre-existing rghts R seems, then, that Gen. Harrison claimed lor the South the right to fasten slavery upon any soil which the nation might have or purchase. He has had hut. Ifttle opportunity to act in a public capacity upon the subject df slavery since that tune; hut an address from his political friends in \ irgima, in 1836, says “he is .-bund to the core on the subject of slavery.” » Here, then, we have two abolition papers, the Emancipator and the Rochester Iceman. oppo- Sin- Harrison’s election. Here ili|- same paper further: | ‘•lt is true General Harrison’* personal de monstrations are less rccen! than Mr. Van Bu sf 11 s * ut l hcy are much stronger, for .Mr Van Buren helped to send Rufus Kin,, to the United States Senate to oppose slavery in Missouri and he has never attempted to extend slavery to re gions where it was already abolisluyl. And fur ther, the demonstrations ot the Harrison party are more recent than those of the other. And it it is said that we should give the old General a chance to repent of his pro slavery, wc rejpy that it be longs to the man who repents to exhibit his own repentance. Certainly there are n|i circumstan ces in the case which warrant the--lightest pre sumptions in favor of his repentance. Let him or is friends, if they choose, shoo* wherein his views now differ from his actions In 1802, and 1819, and 1836.” I Tin. next evidence in order, and with which we shall close the present article. & an extract from the speech of General delivered at ' mcennes. Indiana, in 1838, which We c *pv from the Charleston Courier, a paper which supports the administration of Mr. Van Barer. * Too much praise cannot be bestowed oa the Courier, \ for this manifestation of magnanimity and justici on their part, in endeavoring to disabuse the pub lie mind in regard to the opinions of one towhon they are opposed. How does this conduct con trast with the course pursued by the administra tration presses in Georgia ? Oh shame where i thy blush ! As the views of General Harrison, on the subjec of Slavery have been much misrepresented i; the South, the following extracts from an Ad drees, delivered by him at Vincennes, (Indiana will satisfy the public in this respect, a fev years ago. I have now, fellow citizens, a few words mor to say on another subject, and which is, in m opinion, of more importance than any other lha is now in the course of discussion in any part c the Union. I allude to the societies which hav been formed, and tne movements of certain indi viduals in some of the States in relation to apoi tion of the population in others. The conduc of thes3 persons is the more dangerous, their object is masked under the garb of disintei estedness and benevolence; and their course vin dicated by arguments and propositions which ii the abstract no one can deny. But, however fa? ciuating may be the dress with which thei schemes are presented to their fellow-citizens with whatever nurilv of intention they may havi been formed and sustained, they will be found t carry in their train mischief to the whole Union and horrors to a large portion of it, which, it i probable, some of the projectors and many of thei ! supporters have never thought of; the latter, th first in the series of evils which are to spring fron their souice. are such as you have read of to hav been perpetrated on the fair plains of Italy am Gaul, by the Scythian hordes of Atlila and Olai ic; and such as most of you apprehended on tba memorable night, when the tomahawks and wa cluMf the followers of Tecumseh were rattlinj ;in jotß suburbs. I regard not the disavowals o any such intention upon the part of the author of these schemes, since, upon the examination o the publications which have been made, they wil be found to contain the very fact, and very argu rnent which would have been used, if such hai been their object. lam certain that there is not in this assembly, one of these deluded men, am that there are few within the bounds of the State If there are any, I would earnestly entreat then to fmbear; to pause in their career, and deliberate 1y consider the consequence of their conduct t< the whole Union, to the States more immediate ly interested, and to those for whose benefit thei profess to act. That the latter will he the victim; of the weak, injudicious, presumptuous and un constitutional efforts to serve them, a thorough examination of the subject must convince them The struggle (and struggle there must be) mai commence with horrors such as I have described but it will end with more firmly riveting the chains, or in the utter extirpation of those whose cause they advocate. Ami wrong fellow-citizens, in applying the terms weak, presumptuous and unconstitutional, to the measures of the emancipators? A slight examination will, I think show that lam not. In a vindication ofthe objects of a Convention which was lately held in one of the towns of Ohio, which I saw in a newspaper, it was said that no thing more was intended than to produce a state of public feeling which would lead to an amend ment of the Constitution, authorising the aboli tion of Slavery in the United States. Now can an amendment of the Constitution be effected without the consent of the Southern States ? What then is the proposition to be submitted to them? It is this;— The present provisions o: the Constitution secures to you the right (a right which you held before it w is made, which you have never given up.) to manage your domestic concerns in your own way, but as we are convin ced that you do not manage them properly, wc want you to put in the hands of the General Go vernment, in the councils of which we have the majority, the control ov r these matters, the effect of which will be virtually- to transfer the powers from yours into our hands.” Again, in some of the States, and in sections of others, the black population far exceeds that of the white. Some of the emancipators propose an immediate aboli tion. What is the proposition then, as it regards the States and parts of States, but the alternatives of amalgamation with the blacks, or an exchange of situation? with them ? Is there any man ot common sense who does not believe that the emancipated blacks, being a majority, will not insist upon a full participation of political rights with the whites ; and when possessed ot these, they will not contend for a full share of social rights also? What but the extremity of weak ness and folly could induce any one to think, that such propositions as these could be listened to by a people so intelligent as the Southern States? Further. The emancipator? generally declare that it is their intention to effect their ob ject (although their acts contradict the assertion) by no other means than bv convincing the slave holders that -ho immediate emancipation of the slaves is called for, both by moral obligation and sound policy. An unfledged youth, at the mo ment of his leaving (indeed in many instances before he has left it) his Theological Seminary, undertakes to give lectures upon morals to the countrymen of Wythe, Tucker, Pendleton and Lowndes, and lessons of political wisdom to States, whose affairs have so recently been direct ed by Jefferson and Madison, Macon and Craw ford. Is it possible, that instances of greater va : nity and presumption could be exhibited ? But the course pursued by the emancipators is uncon | stitutional. Ido not say that there arc any words in the Constitution which forbid the discussions they are engaged in ; I know that there are not. And there is even, an article which secures to the citizen the right t j express anti publish their opinions without restriction. But in the con struction ot the Constitution, it is always neces sary to reh r to the circumstances under which it was framed, and to ascertain its meaning by a comparison of its provisions with each other, and with the previous situation of the several Stales who were parties to it. In a portion of these, slavery was recognised, and they took care to have the right secured to them ; to follow and reclaim such of them as were fugitives to other States. Ihe laws ot Congress passed under this power, have provided punishment to any who shall oppose or interrupt the exercise of this right. Now can any one believe, that the instru ment which contains a provision of this kind, which authorises a master to pursue his slave in to another Stale, take him back, and provides a punishment for any citizen, or citizens of that State who should oppose him should, at the same time, authorise the latter to assemble together, to pass Resolutions and adopt Addresses, not only to encourage the slaves to leave their masters, but to cut their throats before they do so? 1 insist that if the citizens of the non-slavehol ding states can avail themselves of the article of the Constitution, which prohibits the restriction of speech, or the press to publish anything injuri ous to the rights of the slavtholding stales, that they can go to the extreme that I have mention ed, and effect anything further which writing or speaking could effect. But, fellow-citizens, these are not the principles of tho Constitution. Such a construction would defeat one ofthe great ob jects of its formation, which was that of securing the peace and harmony of the States which were parties ta it. Jhe liberty of speech and of the press, were given as the most t ffectual means to preserve to each and every citizen their own rights, and to the States the rights which apper tain'd to Mem, at the time of their adoption. It could never have been expected that it would be used by the citizens of one portion ofthe States for the purpose of depriving those of another por tion, ofthe right* which they had reserved at the -e ] adoption of the Constitution, and in the exercise % of which, none but themselres have any concern or interest. If slavery is an evil, the evil is with 11 them. If there is guilt in it the guilt is theirs, not a* ours, since neither the States where it does not a- exist, nor the Government of the United States j g j can, without usurpation of power, and the viola | ‘ion of a solemn compact, do anything to re | move it without the consent of those who are ct immediately interested. Hut they will neither in ; ask for aid, nor consent to be aided whilst‘the il- J- legal, persecuting and dangerous movements are i) i in progress, of which I complain ; the interest of w j all concerned requires that these should be stop | ped immediately. This can only be done by the re J force of public opinion, and that cannot too soon , v jhe brought into operation. Every movement i which is made by the abolitionists in the non of I slaveholding States, is viewed by our Southern ve I brethren, as an altack upon their rights, and \\. I which, if persisted in. must in the end era licate , r . those feelings of attachment and affection beivveen the citizens of all the Slates, which was produced by a community of interests and dangers in the , r . War of the Revolution, which was the founda n. tion of our happy union, and by a continuance of i n which, it can alone be perceived. I entreat yon s . then, to frown upon the measures which are to .j r produce resuls so much to be deprecated, 4he s> opinions which I have now given, I have omit ie ted no opportunity for the last two years to lay to before the people of my own State. I have tak n, en the liberty to express them here, knowing that is even if they should unfortunately not accord with ■ir yours, that they would be kindly received. ic m lion. Thomas But'er King. The following letter which appeared in the r _ Washington Globe of the 11th inst., has until at now escaped our observation, ar House of Representatives, February 8, 1840. of # rs Messrs. Blair 4- Rives -• of Since my return from the South, my attention ill has been called to the editorial article in the Globe i- of the 3d inst. on the subject of the election of id Printer to the House of Representatives, in which it, Tam spoken of as “not voting,” which leaves the d impression that I refused to vote or was purpose e. ly out of my seat. I was absent on public busi m ne.s. Had I been here I most certainly should e- have voted ; and it is due to those who sent me to hereto be informed how I should have voted.— e- My opinion was, and is, that the public printing y ought not to be given to the conductors of either is of the leading political journals of the day, but to i- some press not connected with politics. Had I h been driven by circumstances, contrary to my i. views of expediency, to vote for the Editors of the y Globe or those of the Intelligencer, my impres 1, sion was when I left Washington, and yet is, e that I should iiave voted for the latter, e Your ob’t servant, THO. BUTLER KING. From the New Orleans Picayune of 21 st inst. Later from Europe. * There were two arrivals yesterday from Europe* the ship Galen, and the ship Colchis ; the former j brought advices from Havre to the loth Jtnuary, and the latter English news to the Bth of lust _ ! month. The political news is unimportant. The cotton market both in Havre and Liverpool, ex j perienced a slight improvement in prices during j the first week of January. The rise in Hivre is reported at from 2 a 3 centimes per lb., and in j Liverpool at | of a penny per lb. The sales . had also increased. t Sio<_k of cotton on hand in Liverpool, January j 1, 1840, 188,000 bales. On the Ist of January, , 1830, the slock was 250,000 bales. [ Prices of cotton at Liverpool, Jan. 6, ! 840 : , Orleans, ordinary, a per lb. Good fair to fine a „ 1 The importation of cotton in England during the year 1839, had fallen off 311,000 bales from 3 the United States and 39,843 from the Brazils. I’ Intelligence had been received in England from . New York to the 6th Dec., and from this city to c the 28ih November. The ship Bowditch got under way for New s Orleans on the 7th of January; but did not get g clear of the port of Havre, in consequence of c having struck against the tower, when she ro f cetved some damage. e The Liverpool had not arrived at Liverpool t previous to the 7lh of January, and it was thought , she would not be able to leave Liverpool for New , ; York as early as the 20th of Jan. I The cause of the French soldiers was looking _ ! up at Algiers. 1 Cabrara, the great Carlist chief is dead; he j , was carried off by typus fever. * j r J * y I The New York Commercial states that on * | Friday the U. S. Bank paid $160,000 in specie _ | to the agent of the Boston Banks, in redemption e; of “marked Post Notes.” Sixty thousand dol d I larsmore in specie were paid on Saturday, nine. ty thousand are to be paid on Tuesday—making r< $310,000 in all, in specie. e 1 Commodore David Deacon, of the U. S. Navy 0 died in Philadelphia Saturday. He was one of the elders of the Navy, and was highly esteemed. t Atrocious Suggestion*.— Stale of Society - in Indi ana. —ln the Indianapolis Democrat of s the 4th inst,. we find this most extraordinary and s atrocious paragraph:— “We suggest the propriety to the democratic c party tn town, to have a private meeting for the r purpose of preparing to defend themselves from - the brutal assaults of the federal party. Arrange ments must he made to procure arms of every t kind. Articles of association must lie drawn up, a and each one ought to pledge himself to risk his J own life in defending his party, or resenting in s suits and attacks. Civil war might better rage at ■* once than to live as we now do. The law? must a be set at defiance, and each one must fight on d his own hook. As a name tor the democratic as r sociation, we suggest the one of the Jackson Club, s Such an association is absolutely necessary for 0 tue preservation of the lives, liberty and princi -3 pies of the members of the democratic party.” We gather from the same journal, that the , horril le condition of society, which such a sug gestion indicates, has been brought about by in a decent comments of the Loco Foco press on the t enthusiastic manifestations of the great Whig and e Harrison Convention of Indiana, held on the 16th a January. This led to some personal altercation, a and hence the jacohinical project here unblushing t ly put forth. —Newark Daily Advertiser. State Lunatic Astlum.—The State Lun f atic Asylum, now building at Utica, is to cost a about $200,000. The main building is 550 feet in - length; the centre part is 46 feet in width, and the t wings 40 feet. It is designed for the accommo dation of 240 patients. There are said to be over r 700 pauper lunatics in the State, many of whom e are confined in jails and poor houses, wholly de -1 prived cf the use or enjoyment of those means - which an enlarged and liberal philanthopy, aided I by the discoveries ot science and the light of ex ; perience. ha* provided for the cure of mental dis * eases.—A. 1". Jour . of Com . > ■ — i That Crucifix.—The gold crucifix we men - Honed the other day, as having been found in the : calaboose “ diggings,” turns out to be a brass ' fi re d°" It weighed 28 pounds as we said at > first. \\ e are willing to acknowledge it was no * crucifix, but we don’t fail a pound in the weight * of the ai tide found. —New Orleans Picayune. Liverpool Cotton Broker’s Annual Circu lar. Liverpool, 31st December, 1839. If proofs were wanting of the fallrbillity of all attempts to penetrate the mysteries of the cot ton question, they arc to be found in the history of the last twelve months wherein are developed facts and conclusions so widely at variance with the reasonings and opposite predictions of men equally sagacious in commercial affairs, that the merit of being right even by accident, would ssem to have been denied to all. A brief notice of the position of the market, and of the state of public opinion at the commencement of the year, will serve to confirm the justice of this observation. The coiiOicliag accounts as to the extent ot the coming crop had invested the subject of sup ply with more than ordinary interest. For two months the advices fiom the United States had been steadily pointing to the probability of a large deficiency, and the statistical details by which thev were accompanied, impai ted to them an air of truth well calculated to recommend them to general acceptance —though it must be admitted that the professed believers at this early period were comparatively few. The majority entertain ed doubts, partly from information derived from sources equally deserving of credit and partly from the absence of any ascertained cause suffi cient to explain so extensive a failure in the crop as that alleged. The only one assigned was a droughth in the spring; but, from the silence of the planters, at the time, who are usually not slow to complain, it was reasonably concluded that the mischief was neither serious nor wide spreading. Saving this, there had been nothing unpropitiousin the season from wind or rain, or premature frost; and when it is considered that the growth of the United Slates had exhibited, for a series of years, (with but a solitary excep tion) a constant average increase of 1*20,600 bales, it did require a combination of adverse circumstances, far stronger than any which ap peared, to surrender not merely the customary annual increase, but to reconcile the falling oil’, besides, of 150,000 bales. From the effects, however, which these reports, whether well or ill founded, had upon prices, it may be suspected that the numbers who secretly participated in the fears of a scarcity were by on means incon siderable ; though it may be regarded, perhaps, as a fortunate circumstance, that the less sanguine views upon the subject ostensibly prevailed. None of the authorities in the cot»on circles, committed themselves to a smaller crop than 1.600.000 bales, and the portion appropriated to thiscountry varied from 900,(K'0 bales, to 1,039,- 000 bales; adding to this the import from other places, estimated at 305,000 bales, the same as the preceding year, and the stock in the ports 321,100 bales; also the stock held by the trade above their usual compliment stated to be 60,000 bales, and deducting 102.000 bales for the re-exportation, gave a supply for the service of the year, ranging from 1,484,100 bales to 1.914 100 bales.—From the smaller of these quantities the more ardent believers in a short crop claimed a deduction of 150.000 bales, leaving as a minimum, for the year’s consumption, 1,334,100 bales. But what ever diversity of opinion existed as to the sup plies, the most perfect uniformity on another no less important item of the calculation, the con sumption, which hy common consent was fixed at no less than 24,000 bales per week, nr 1,348,- 000 bales for the year; being the moderate in crease of only 4 per cent, on that of the year be fore. To have hinted at the probability of any material diminution would have been deemed a sort of heresy, useless indeed on the only grounds that were admitted, extravagantly, high prices, owing to the scarcity of the raw material. Un der the influence of these impressions, prices had gradually advanced since October, (when they were at the lowest) to 2d per lb ; fair uplands being at 8 3-Bd. per lb. and other qualities in proportion. Such were the state and prospects of the cot ton market in the first week in January. Among other topics of speculation was the part which the ‘ United Stales Bank” intended to play in the commercial operations of the year. The movements of this body were therefore watched with some anxiety, as it was obvious that a crop so much reduced would be an esay prey to its monopolizing grasp, and that any large propor tion of it being hold up. whether on the other side of the water or on this, would tend greatly tn aggravate the evils of a scanty supply. Ail doubts, however, were cleared up on this point be fore the middle of the month, by the appearance of a I -Iter from Mr. Biddle, in which he distinctly declared that, having succeeded in the purpose of his interference, which was to protect the “ pros trate planter” from the “ reckless waste” of the Britisn merchants, the means hy which that ob ject had been accomplished “ were relinquished, and that now they had totally ceased.” But oth er parties had taken the field, “ both willing and able,’ as Mr. Biddle expresses it, to do justice to “American interests.” The principal importers manifested the sincerity of their own belief, by withholding their cotton as it arrived from the market in which they were encouraged by each succeeding account being more confirmatory- than the last, as to the deficiency of the crop. The trade, on the other hand, fairly stocked with cot ton. and without any corresponding demand for goods and yarns, declined entering into competi tion with the spectator; and, with their habitual skepticism, kept aloof, their purchases being con siderably within what was required for their weekly consumption. About the first week in March, however, when the advices from the states assumed a still more decisive character, the.r fears appear to have been thoroughly awakened, and joining the specula tors in a simultaneous rush upon the market, in that and the two following weeks they secured 96 000 bales,at an advance, first and last, of Id to l|d perlb. This seemed to be the expiring effort of the market, for .v on afterward it sank into a state of the most extreme depres-ion, in which it continued with scarcely a gleam of sunshine for sixteen weeks. Between the 23d of March and 18lh or July, prices fell 2|d per lb, the sales to the trade, for the same period, av rageing only 12,000 per week. The spring de mand had failed to bring the anticipated relief, and the stocks in the manufacturers’ hands had accumulated to an extent that rendered the work ing “short time,” with many a measure rather of necessity than of choice. Though this cur tailment in the hours of spinning was sufficient ly extensive to produce a sensible effect on the amount of business it was considered scarcely adequate to explain so protracted a cessation of the demand, and h*nce it was rather hastily con eluded by some, that the quantity held by the trade at the end of the year had been underrated by some 20,000 or 30,000 bales. Could the existence of so large an error have been proved, this discovery at this critical junc ture would, indeec, have boon a fatal blow to the hopes of the holders ; for the excess could not be looked upon merely in the light of a simnle aJditioii to the stock, but from its having contri buted to swell the apparent consumption of last year, and by consequence of this also, it would have led to a constantly increasing error in the stock in the kingdom from the commencement of the year. But the foremost of all the difficul ties with which the market was beset, was the pressure for money, which, taking the rate of com mercial discounts as a test, was always severe and sometimes intensely so. The fairness of this critonon. however, os a medium of comparison wil l former year., may perhaps he questioned as, by the relaxation of the usury laws an j,,’ creased tariff,y for raising money upon bills hos been afforded, to the discouragement of other fi nancial expedient resorted to seasons of em barrassment, which, tn one shape or other, are in reality more costly to the parlies accommodated. • /To this cause may also be referred the escape from those extremes ia the depression of prices, (for fair Uplands have never fallen below 6jd per f lb.) which on previous occasions of mercantile - distress have been the necessary result of a gen -1 eral forcing of sales as the only legal means of 1 meeting presssing engagements. 1 Toward the middle of July the stock of cotton 1 in the hands of the trade were evidently exhaust -3 cd, and the market began to show signs of re -1 turning animation. But the game was up; the 3 contest between “ short crop’’ and “ short time” 3 had terminated in favor of the latter, and the year I was too far advanced to recover the lost ground, •,I the quantity on hand being more than enough to * i answer any calls that in the scope of possibility ‘ ' could be made upon it. Although the import by 3 ! the third week in July, from the United States 1 ' had fallen short by 280,000 bales, and from other 3 i quarters by 20,000 bales, the stock in this port 1 1 alone amounted to 533,000 bales, which compos r j ed of nine-tenths of American cotton, converted 3 ; the small numerical difference between the pre -1 | sent and the stock at the corresponding period of 1 ! the year preceding, into an increase of no trifling ‘ j magnitude. Prices had now reached their lowest 3 ! point; in the last week in July they advanced 1 j tofd per lh., but in the next they declined +d per lb., which, however, was regained in the foilow ’ : ing week. From the second week in August the 3 J movement was uniformly downward, by gradua -3 i lions of per lb., nearly each successive week, with a slight check about the end of October, till the middle of November, when prices realised per lb, on some very vague reports of the crops » having sustained injury from another drought.— r The accounts by the next packet, however, dissi -1 pated these apprehensions, and the market re ’ | lapsed again into its former stale of inactivity, i prices at the same time drooping, being l|d per * | Ilf. lower for American descriptions on the last 3 I day of the year than on the first; while the pri ces of Brazils, which had not been subject to the 1 same fluctuations, closed as nearly as possible the ’ same. I Since the revival of the demand in July, the j market may have said to have been, on the whole, j rather animated than otherwise, the sales having averaged 27,667 bales per week. Os this quan -5 tity 65.000 bales have been taken by speculators, j and 64,800 bales bona fide for export. leaving for home consumption 32,360 bales per week. It has already been observed, that the state of cotton j in the interior was reduced to the lowest ebb at j | the end of June, which, for the purpose of esli . mating the rate of consumption for the latter half r of the year, may be regarded as a soil of starting , point. Limited no doubt as the stock in hands j of the trade is at the present time, it must be r greater than at the period alluded to by some ] 20,000 or 30,000 bales, as the quantity in transitu must always preserve a certain proportion with , the quantity in use. On this data, therefore, the j average consumption for the last six months, out t of this market would appear to he about 21,050 f hales per week; but some mills for particular , qualities ot yarn are still working short time, and . others, now a few, are wholly standing for want . of the means or the credit to carry them on. In , 1 the t ice of prospects so discouraging, it is sur . j prising that prices should have been so well sus- I i tained ; but many of tlie principal importers stood . pledged to parlies on the other side to wait the . issue of the crop; and speculator were always . on the alert to take advantage of monetary de , pressions. To speculation account must be j placed, also, a portion of the business reported for , shipment, which, it is understood, was retained for resale on the spot. For full particulars relating to stock and im ! i ports, reference is requested to (he published la j bles, which have been much enlarged and im ( proved, and will be found to contain a variety of ) details, useful and interesting to those who are \ minutely investigating the subject. The first . object which will attract notice is a defalcation of • no less than 308.540 hales in the import from the , United States—a result confirming the accuracy i of the advices early in the year, and furnishing an ample justification of those who acted upon them, whose hard fate it his been to pin their faith upon a single fact which, could it have been i | foreseen in its reality, would have been pronoun ced, in one voice, to be all-sufficient to the a tici pated end. Nor has tnc deficiency been supplied from other places,but rather the reverse; a small increase from India is more than counterbalanced by a falling off' from Brazil, the import from which quarter has been nearly stationary for some years. The import of Egyptians, and of miscellaneous kinds, are as nearly as possible at the same. But the most important item is the decrease in the consumption. The stock, as ascertained by the annual returns, which there is every reason Ur v believe have been made in the strickost. good faith, amounts to 250,490 bales, of which there are in Liverpool 206,050 b6les, London 31.840 hales, and Glasgow, 27,800 bales. Deducting this quantity, and what has been re-exported/ from the total import into the kingdom, and the stock on hand oa tue Ist January, the deliveries to the trade have been 1,058,676 bales; but in order to arrive at the consumption, to this quan tity must be aJded what is held in the interior less than at the same period last year, generally esti mated at 70,000 bales, the trade being supposed to hold at the present time not more than 90.000 bales; thus the quantity actually consumed has been on the average 21,906 bales per week, or a decrease of 1335 bales per week from the con sumption of last year. In comparing the stocks as returned, with the weekly statements prepared by this association, some important discrepancies will be observed. Ol American cotton the quantity appears to be less than was supposed, by 27,830 bales ; and of Brazils by 5,100 bales, whilst, the stock of Egyp tian is 2.800 bales, and of East India 5,580 bales more. Assuming that the stock has been cor rectly returned, of which there is no cause to doubt, the difference can only be accounted for as follows, viz: in American and Brazils, by sup. posing that a quantity of both may have been forwarded, unsold, up the country, the returns of which have been furnished in a different manner to those of former years; the excess in Egyptian and Surat, has probably been occasioned by con signments from London and Glasgow, which are known to have been considerable, and which are not included in the import. It has been usual to conclude the summary of tae year s transactions by some opinions of the fu ture though recent experience has tended to tnrow discredit upon these gratuitous predictions. J he year has been a singularly disastrous one to the manufacturer, the spinner and the merchant. 1 lie former began the year encumbered with hea vy stocks, which, entering into competition with the producer ot the current year, caused a ruin ous decline in prices, in spite of which the com p amts ot want of demand were loud and gener al. The demand, however, rmist have been small only wnen compared with the magnitude of the stocks; for, according to “Burn’s Commercial Glance, it appears that although the export of twist was less for the first nine months by about one-seventh that of all descriptions of goods with Wy I Z U t n h Un P t ? W as compara bly greater than during the corresponding period in the year before, while the home trade is eon wiZr tO . haVf : b f n tolerably satisfactory, not withstanding the high prices oft,read. But the piospects have already begun to brighten ; the old stocks are cleared off; the demand has become more regular and steady, and what with the ad vance in yarn and the fall in cotton, spinning is no longer conducted at a loss. The position of the importer has not been less unfortunate VV nh tli; exception of a small portion of the ear ly imports, which were disposed of before the fall took place, and a few arrivals of the new cron the entire import from the United States has ei' ther been sold, or is still he d, at a loss nmK w, not less than fiom £3 to £5 per bale. Dab v Such has been 1 lie baneful effects of a s V of paper money upon the mercantile and " ystem | | factoring interests of the country hut lb lar * u ~ |l has worked its own cure; the decline Q f c I | which has rendered a large class of Arnenc 0^'1 if ! curities valueless as a medium of exchang^R 6 * L 1 wrested from the banks of the Union the p - la3 ■ of dictating the terms upon which the m as , r’ cr 1 turers of Great Britain shall be supplied ’ ac * article of the first necessity. The dealing V** tween the two countries must henceforth bp ° k ried on upon the sound commercial mutual benefit. e r,f fe- The time is auspicious for the change • f l)r , | | the concurrent testimony of all parties the I most abundant, being estimated by some as K.k I !us 1,750,000 bales, and by none lower thanT* * 650,000 bales. Trices have been opened low ’ B the other side, and it is greatly to be desired th° n B they should rule proportionately low on this a permanently cheap and plentiful supply of t ] raw material is the one thing needful fur i n f u ,- new life into every branch of the cotton niai ! ‘ lure; it will create new use, discover new * l<> kets, and give an impulse to the extension ~f|j U ' 1 the most important of all the departing t s us IS ’ tionai industry, to which no man can prnvr*' ' 3 limits; and, if one of the conditions of the// f f y vantages should be a low rate of profit to [f )e L m ‘* j chant and to the manufacturer, they n,., . * I r - . • J ,l! U»t look tor a compensation in the increase of their r ness, and, above all. in the exemption from r Uk* which are insepa - able from high prices and fin 3 lusting markets. The N. E. Boundart.—A letter in the Bay State Democrat, dated “Bangor, Feb. 14 » g \ p that notwithstanding Mr. Fox’s denial, it is a fJ* that the English have increased their force, and K erected new fortifications, near the disputed terri tory, within a short time. Consignees per South Carolina Rail Kcad H.Ajlburg, February 28, ]S4O « Stovall, Simmons N Co; T Richards; I s Beers t- Co; P Carre; W K Kitchen; W L Jackson; 8 Clark- ■ W Hatticr; Kirkpatrick i (o; C, T I'ortic; A yi’ | Kenzie; J E Thompson; A Green; P F Eve; Turn/ fc D’Antignac; Hand k Scranton; H VV Fore- fl Clarke, Me I'eir & Co; T Dawson; II R Coo’;- I p ft.l Benson; G P irrott; Dickson &S; J Levy. '’ ‘ ft COMMERCIAL. * Latent dates from Liverpool, Jan.'] Ilk Latest dates from Havre Dec. 29 Hi AUGUSTA MARKET. I Cotton The excitement which existed in our I' market two days ago, in anticipation of tlie recep- - tion of news by the New York Packet which was B repotted below at tnat city, has subsided and the S market lias for last two days assumed a very quiet j aspect, and prices have rather receded from our J quotations on Thursday morning. This is perhaps I attributable to two causes, the abatement of the excitement, and the high price demanded by the I Liverpool packets at Savannah, which are Id a & Iqd. Ine latter has had probably q ite as grc?t In an influence as the former. Holders manifest J| same disposition to sell, and buyers do not take fe.J hold so freely as at our last quotations. The ar rivals are small, and we now quote ok 10 Si as ex- ft trernes of the market. Ordinary to middling, 5A to 7 Fair, 7i to 7| Good fair, g Prime and choice, * gl A choice lot in squaie bags might comm md cents. Freights —To Savannah 75 to 100 cts per bale. Groceries —Since our last notice of the market, 1 the trade has been unusually dull for sca-cn. mere Jb so perhaps than at any former period in Febuarv '■ and March. V* e have therefore no changes to I note. The market continues well supplied with If almost every variety, and sales are low lor cash. Exchange. —On New-York at sight, 7 a 8 per cent, for current funds; Charleston at 4 asper I I cent, Savannah 1 a per ct.; Phi!adelphia2 a 3per i F rt.; Lexington, Ky-. 1 per ct.; specie commands 6 . per cent, premium. Bank Notes. — Savannah Banks, 1 per cent. prem. 'Hi. < olurabus Insuirnce J3 5 k ] « « •• Commercial Bank, -Bacon, 1 “ “ “ Mechanics’, k - ( Augusta.) 6 “ “ “ Agency Brunswick, “ 6 “ “ Planters’ and Mechanics’ Bank, Columbus, “ « dis. L I Mi Hedge viile Hank, 2H “ “ 11 K i Ccmulgee Bank, 2*” 4£ “ 4 R Monroe Rail Road Bank, 2k “ “ 5 J Hawkinsvil'e Bank, Chattahoochie R. R. & B’k f Company, po “ “ “ wit Darien Bank, 16 “ a Bank of Rome, 25 « « “ lip All other Banks now doing business, at par. E Specie Failing Banks. —Mechanics’ Bank, Bank I of St. Mary’s, Insurance Bank of Columbus, Com- | mercial Bank of Macon, and Brunswick Branch it i this city. MARINE INTELLIGENCE. Savannah, February 26. «p Cleared. —Biiip Balance, Browning, Liverpool; | brig Oiethorpe, Sannors, Havana. Arrived Steamboats Erin, Levy, Augusta;G | mar. Creswcli, Augusta. Went to sea— Ship Evergreen, Henry, Liver- ■] pool. J Charleston, Febfuxiy 27- f Arrived yesterday. —Line ship Leland, Milkvl Boston; brig ( ommaquid. Sens, Boston. Cleared. —Ship Almira. Weeks, Liverpool; bug K \ ictiess, Clark. Hamburg’ ; Br brig Fame, t’-alleo* 9 line. West Indies; schoaner John Alb ne, Hswes, i Mat i zas. Went to sea yisterday. —Brig Arabian, Liver* I piooi; C L brig Dimon, Mathews, New York; schr. 4 Ainer Patton, TJiompson. New York; schr. Daniel j W’ebsler, Weeks, Philadelphia. B. H. OYERBV , attorney at law, ~' 3 Jefferson, Jackson countylE, . bj L)r. IV. FLiy, T offers bis services to the c |* tizens ot Augusta in the different branches cf i’-B | profession. He may be found at all hours at the 1 i ate residence of Mr. A. M. Egerton, second yl trom the corner of Mclntosh and Remold streets- R| r.c v 29 " ly Cj* To TUE LOVERS OF THE ARTS" 9 Hie Paintings at Mr. Richards’Drawing Academb I (Masonic Hall.) will hereafter be opened to vi- 1 * tors, every Saturday afternoon and evening , f- 9 ® yjR 2 o’clock until 9 o’clock p. 31 At the roo»s y will be well lighted. ° dec 19 (Ij" EXCHANGE ON NEW YORK — M sight) fl and at one to tw ty days sight. For sale by nov 23 GARDELLE & I fc.T’fV. G. NIMMO, General Commission Met* chant, office on Mclntosh street, next door tot.’- Constitutionalist. nov 7 IKr BENE VOLENT SOCIETY.—For the b ene ' I fit ol the sick poor of Augusta and its vicinity i The visiting committees for the ensuing month, B are as follows ; B Division No. I.—James Godby, J. VV. Meredith, ■ Mrs. Crump, Mrs N. Jones. . , # Division No 2.—W. H. Crane, W- F- Pcmbct- K ton, Mrs. 'J’-a-: iafarro, Mrs. M. A. Holt. I Division No. 3. —E. Latimer, James panto* ■ Mrs. B. McKinnie,Mrs. Julia Snead. J. W. WIGHTMAN, Secretary. B