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j- - -M. I .Li . .L.J ■ ll J CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL. AUGUSTA. } / -1 £ FRIDAY MORNING, MAY t The People are Moving.-’ From every section of the State, tbajt we have been able to obtain any intelligence, jthe news is of the most cheering character for the cause of reform—and weentertain not a douot, (jhatin less than one month, the cause of Harrisoiji and Ty ler will be espoused with a zeal bordering; on en thuxiam from the seaboard to the mountji ns. The people worn down and prostrated by t'jif. folly & experiments of an Administration, whejsj whole energies have been put forth to paralyse every class of business, are coming like free;ricp to the rescue, and are determined to fiee tibemselves from Van Burenism, alias experiments! and expe dients. This is as it should be. Go oh we say and hold meetings in every county—rally under the standard of Harrison and Tyle?, land the country will be freed from that misrule lind cor ruption, which have cast their withering blight upon the country from one extreme so the other. We invite the attention of our readers to the extract in this day’s paper, from I hi* f pecch of Mr. John Campbell, of Virginia, late! ’I reasurer of the United States, before his old f iends and I , fellow-citizens. Mr Cempbell was an orginal suppojtW of Gen. Jackson, and continued his adherence! |o the par ty even after the elevation of Mr. Vjaa Buren, when, sickened and disgusted with t ill; policy of an administration which he honestly j’i»gaided as subversive of the best interests of his Country, he renounced the faith, and, like a fr!ebmau, pro s - claims his convictions to the world. I; We regret that the length of this speech pub lishing it entire, we shall however !|iuko other extracts from it, which we most jLeartily re commend to our readers, ns comirjg from one who has seen and knows tbe secret swings which have actuated the present Adminh;i|ation from the time it came into power until |l»c resigned his office. I { i * Phrenology. : \ We are requested to call the attrition of the citizens to the Lecture of Dr. this eve ning at the U. S. Hotel. See Advertisement. T From the Charleston Courier of yis ter day. Late from England*} The ship Helen, Capt. Smith, atlived at this port yesterday, from Liverpool, whence she left on the 28lh ult. .% We are indebted to Capt. Smith, |o; the Lon don Times of the 25th and 26th u[t., and the Liverpool Mail of the 261 h, from whjeh. we have made some few extracts. There tpoears to be no political intelligence of importancl;.; The Helen brought but very f e vj commercial letters. One that has been shown use. dated 251 h ult, states that the sales of Cottouloa that day reached 2500 bags, at the prices outlie previous day. j “ Liverpool, March 20—Preltv»fur Uplands are worth 5| a s|c. —good, from 6 *o- 3 J.” Liverpool, March 24. Co/to%j.--We have only to report a moderate busines-d hi cotton to day, the sales being 2,509 bags. American were for export, and the remainder *o he trade. The market is quiet, but with;),it change in prices. I Liverpool, March 24. —Cot tom —There has been only a moderate demand for I oiton to-day, and the sales of all kinds do not exi'tled 2500 bags. The market is dull, but prices are It hho altera tion. ■. Liverpool, March 25.—T0-dayl’s sale of Cot ton amount to 850 bags, including 500 Ameri can on speculation, and 350 forjesport. The market is freely supplied, but pri:|s are without alteration. j s Loir dom, March 26.—Great activity prevails in the Roy .1 dock-yards at Chatham and Sheer ness, and several line of battle shj jis ure in a slate of rapid forwardness. Tbe Londo|, ninety guns, it is expected, will be launched f|om the former establishment eaily in the month-(of June next. Orders from the Admiralty to tiijiat; effect were received on Friday last.— Shippm'lg Gaz. Savina—ln England alone the«capital belong ing to the operatives in the Savings’ Banks now amount to £16,000,000 sterling.-*- Lit. World. London, March 26.—We hav[; received Ma drid journals and private letters the 17lh inst. hut they bring no news of importance. The city still continued under marti?;i-'law. STATE OF TRADE* There was a decidedly belter J|;m«md for yarn yesterday than on any market, day for several weeks past, and sales were rapidly effected by all who chose to accept previous raves. Many of the spinners, however, stood out ; for an advance and we believe in some cases an advance of a farthing per pound was obtained on 40’s mule yarn. For goods, too, there ylas a little more inquiry, but it did not produce ;any improvement in prices. The general feeling in the market, however, was much more cheet-fal than for some weeks past. —Manchester Guarflian. London, March 26.—Mousy Market and Citt intelligence. —A considerable scarcity of money has been felt to-day i tin the stock-ex change; several sales of consohj Save taken place, and the prices of English securities, both funded and unfunded, have been effected. Consols opened at yesterday’s quotation*!, viz: at to i for raonvy,and 90£ to I for account, but the demand for cash caused a dec]i|ic of i, and the last quotation is 80£ to f for suoney, 904 to £ for the account. Exchequer iidlLare 16s. to 18s premiui. Money for short periods has fetched 5 and 7 p cent. : London, March 26. Paris papers of Tuesday are utterly destitute! of newt,. The Ministerial struggle completely Mbsorbed the atten tion of the press and the public on that day, the former making a last appeal \to their respective partizans to support or oppose; as th* case might he, the vote of confidence in Ministers; the latter, awakened in some sense to situation of the country, expressed more of inyfrest in the conflict about to commence than in |ilny that had for a long time occurred. The Ocfurt parly had laid aside all pretensions to modeh'ition. The news paper* under its influence cai.i.rd for a direct re fusal of the grant, in order tp- enact the ruin of the Thiers Ministry. The Ltigilimatists would, it was expected, support M. IHh-ers, not because of their adopfon of him or jlris principles, but because he was notoriously cp]po*ed to the con tinued uncontrolled directiontaf the whole ma chine of state by the King, anJ because in any grave circumstances that mi;>|it arise out of the contest something favorable’ *o the cause of the Duke de Bordeaux might be giuiered. The Ex treme Gauche, or Republic's, would probably support M. Thiers, although their organ, the National, condemned him throwing him self into the arms of that pa|ty. M. Mauguin, the liberalism of whose principles could not be doubted, and who seems to fills'a station half way b»t*veen the Republicans aniHt io Moderate Lib- erals, of which latter M. Odillon Darrot may be deemed the leader, had inscribed his name among the deputies who proposed to speak for the grant, (or vote of confidence, as it might be more properly termed.) Thus tbe Gauche or Odillon Barrot party, would appear the only one on which the Minister could really depend; nevertheless his friends affected confidence of his having a majority. The serious position in which the breaking up of his Administration would place the country was admitted by every man who spoke upon it, and might therefore be expected to influence all those who desired tranquility. The journals before us contain evidence of the renewed pressure of distress in Paris. During the first 20 days of the present month, 55 bank ruptcies bad been declared in that capital; and in the course of five days of last week 20 bank ruptcies, some of them involving large engage ments, (varying from K)0,000f. to 500,000 f. each.) In fine, the sums drawn out of the savings banks on Sunday and Monday last, exceeded those lodged by very nearly 100,000 f. Correspondence of the Baltimore Patriot. Washington, April 24, 1840. UNITED STATES SENATE. 111 TIES ON SILK. Mr. Buchanan presented a memorial from cit izens of Boston, praying that a proper duty should be imposed on the importion of Foreign Silk. Mr. Buchanan made some remarks in support of the object of the memorialists. Our climate and soil were eminently favorable to the culture of silk, and yet no protection was given to it, and no aid and encouragement afforded by the Gen eral Government. He referred to tbe large quan tities of the article that were annually imported, and expressed the belief that if a fair and p op;r duty had been imposed upon it, there would have been no necessity to call for an issue of Treasury Notes. The subject was particularly worthy of consideration at this period, when the public Treasury was so impoverished. Mr. Calhoun said he was clearly of opinion that silk was an article which should bear a proportion® ate duty. He had repeatedly said that he would be ready at any time to go into a revision of the whole Tariff; but other gentlemen thought such a revision should not be made at the present session—and he most earnestly thought it unad visable to take up a single part of this great sub ject. It must be all reviewed at the next session, and he was opposed, under these circumstances, to any partial legislation now. Besides, said Mr. Calhoun, France is a great market for our Southern sta >le—it is a daily growing market for cotton. The principal arti cles we take in exchange from France are wine and silks. If the importation of these articles is reduced to any greatexte.it, our commercial in tercourse with that country will fall off necessarily in the same proportion. It is said (added Mr. Calhoun) that silk is a luxury, and on that principle, a duty is to be imposed. Some other article will be said to be produced her**, and it must be taxed on that ac count. And so, between these two principles, the tariff will be brought up to its maximum. He was not willing to establish the principle that necessaries are to have duties imposed upon them for the purpose of protection, and luxuries taxed because they are luxuries. He repeated that Erance, from which we received most of the silk used in this country, was one of the best markets for the productions of the South, and the trade with that country was the great basis for the ex changes of the Southern people with Europe. The memorial was relerred to the Committee on Finance. GRADUATION BILL. The Bill providing for the reduction and gra duation of the price of public lands was taken up, and passed, ayes 28, nays 8. HOUSE OF RKPBF.SF.NTAVKS. GENERAL APPRO PRIATION BILL. At one o'clock, the House resolved itself into Committee of the Whole, and took up the bill making appropriations for the Civil and Diplo matic expenses of the Government. Mr. Atherton, of N. H. took the floor, and pro ceeded in the continuation of an exceedingly ia pid and desultory speech which he began yes terday, but which so wearied his party friends that they gladly consented to adjourn between ft and G o’clock, though they had, at first,determin ed to sit late, and if possible, bring the Bill out of Committee before adjournment. After he had finished, Mr. Mason, of Ohio, took the floor and said he intended to offer a few remarks on the provisions of the bill before the committee; and the first he would notice, was that which had engaged so much of the attention of the Administration members who had pre ceded him—namely, the section charging Gen. Harrison with selling white men into s every! [Loud laughter.] He had not read the section himself, but as he saw in the Globe, and in other Loco Foco publications, that the Administration members always spoke relevantly , as well as with astonishing effect, he had no doubt this topic, of which ail had made so much, was embraced in the bill. [Renewed laughter.] He would there fore say a few words of this calumny which had been a hundred times refuted; bu! which, con temptible and false as it was, had been thought worthy of being eagerly snatched up by every parlizan demagogue, tor the purpose of making some political capital for the Piesident. Mr. M. then proceeded to reply to this charge and other accusations made by Mr. Atherton and his brother supporters of the Executive. Washington, Friday evening, a (About midnight,) April 24, 1840. > THE NIGHT SESSION. The speech of Mr. Mason, of Ohio, to-day, was an admirable and effective reply to the calumnia tors of the people’s candidate for the Presidency. He lookup the charges with which the i peeches, not only of such vulgar declaimers as Messrs. Duncan and Watterson, hut of other Adminis tration men who make some pretensions to decen cy, have been freighted, and after triumphantly controverting them by the most conclusive evi dence, he* carried the wrar into Africa,” and ex posed with power the abuses and corruptions of “the party,” its leaders, and its Executive chief. His notice of the trash which is daily thrown out by the partisans of the President, about Gen eral Harrison being under the surveillance of a committee, was particularly happy. The truth is, these slanderous minions of power, remember ing how entirely dependent General Jackson was on those around him for the expression of his opinions or wishes in tolerable English, and re membering, too, the comments made at the time upon the qualifications of a President who wm unable to write half a dozen consecutive senten ces fit for the public eye—are anxious to attribute to General Harrison the same incompetency. Every man possessed ofcommon information con cerning the political events and characters of that period, knows that the man of the Hermitage had constantly beside him persons who managed his whole correspondence, and composed every line of every public letter, and every State paper to which his signature was attached. Mr. Lee, our late Consul at Algiers, performed a great deal of this service for him before his election to the Pre sidency; and a cabal, of whom Amos Kendall was a principal member, did the same duty after his inauguration. The Cincinnati gentlemen whose names have been most gratuitously paraded before the public, are not “General Harrison’s commi'tee,” as is falsely charged. T.iey are the “Corresponding committee of the Whigs of Cincinnati, ’ appoint ed at a public meeting, which was held imme diately after the Harrisburg Convention, for the purpose of keeping up a communication with sim j ilar committees in other places, and in dissemina i ting such information in regard to Harrison’s ; public services as might be called for. , As to this committee superintending his con s science or opinions, the whole charge is an atro i cious calumny, in which those who promulgated 1 i it have no faith. The opinions of General Har- | i rison on all the great political questions in our ' i country, are before the American people. He > has nothing concealed—nothing to dissemble — i nothing to promulgate anew. All the labored • abuse and misrepresentation poured upon him 1 through every Loco Foco channel, eannot shut the eyes of the na.ion to his high character—his s noble services—his devoted patriotism. Korean i ; they contradict the fact that those admirable ad ■ dresses and letters, reports and speeches, which 1 bear his name, were written by himself The ■ idolizers of Jackson cannot say as much for him. Mr. Morgan, of New York, followed, and de . voted a short time to exposing the absurdity of « the ollen refuted charge which was brought up 1 again by Mr. Parmenter, of Massachusetts, that the present Opposition party is identical with the Federal party of ’9B. Mr. M. entertained the House with a long list of “old Federalists” that ' have been, and continue to be, the loudest brawl eis in the Administration ranks. Mr. Rariden, of Indiana, spoke next with em inent ability against the measures ol the Admin istration, and especially its extravagance and cor* | ruption. Mr. Clifford then obtained the floor, and occu pied it till midnight. In the meantime a large ’ number of the members went off to visit the at | tractive Ladies’ Fair at Carusi’s Saloon: and a I larger number, still, to enjoy the acting and say ings of the sprightly and amusing Mrs Fitzwilliatn. The spectacle at the fair was one of the most delightful contrasts to that at the House, where [ Mr. Clifford was administering his dose of Van ( Burenism, that I ever experienced. One was all brightness and splendor; the other all listtess r ness and stupidity. Several attempts were made to adjourn, in the course of the evening, hut they failed. Even when the hand of the clock was rapidly reach \ ing to twelve, a strong attempt was made to pro long the sitting. The vole on the adjournment, at midnight, was a tie—ayes si, nays 51. The Speaker gave his casting vote in the affirmative; and the House forthwith adjourned. From the Natchez Daily Courier. ( Mr. Editor; I The following are the reflections of an Amer ican citizen. * Who has seen all the efforts of the reduced prices of labor in Europe. A poor laborer iu Europe always remains a poor man. Suppose the laboring man under a properly managed banking system makes two dollars a day of which by the strictest economy, he can save * half, then at the end of three years by a proper management of his money, it will amount to tho sum of one thousand dollars or upwards. By re moving to the Western States he can purchase a half section of land of 320 acres for SSOO or less. The remaining SSOO will support him un til he can clear sufficient land, to enable him to live comfortably on its produce, and each succes- Isive year will enhance the value of his property and thus make him independent. On the other i hand suppose the price of labor and of domestic articles is reduced one-half, so that a laborer could save in like proportion, then at the end of thre. years he will have saved only SSOO. Consequent ly he will have to labor three years more in ordt to make up SIOOO, wherewith to procure hirr self a home. Foreign products will not he lowered in pric in the same proportion, as domestic, becaus * their prices are fixed in a foreign market; consei quently the consumer continues to pay nearl the same price, notwithstanding his own pric * and every thing else is reduced. Let the laborer choose between the two. Lr him decide at the ballot box, whether he wi work hard tnree years or whether he will prefe six years to gain a competency and indepen dence. Let him choose at the ballof box, whether be prefers a well regulated banking system with tw dollars a day convertible into specie (as the Un : ted States Bank was) or whether he prefers th. Sub-Treasury system, with one dollar specie e • the price of his daily labor. Let him decide at the ballot box whether h will vote for W. H. Harrison and get two dullan or vote for Martin Van Buren and get one. ANTI-HUMBUG. In noticing the tone of the Locofoco papers the reader will remark that they generally as stain from alleging any reasons why Mr. Va Buren should be re-elected. Since the Harm burg nomination, the administration press ha been filled either with atrocious personal defama lion of Gen. Harrison, or assaults on his militar skill; but with the exception of an occasion! i mouthy tirade in favor of theoretical democracv i it has been studiously silent as to those transcen f dant merits of Mr. Van Buren, which entitle bin i to the unbought suffrages of a free people. Th secret of this is obvious—the career of Mr. Vai i Buren is singularly sterile in those acts whicl ■ ensure popular admiration—his political life i , devoid of a solitary claim to public sympathy His private, while undoubtedly that of a gentle • man, is wanting alike in those shining qualitie > which captivate the mass, or those sterling virtui : which extort respect and esteem even from poll [ tical opponents. Mr. Van Buren has never projected or carried into execution a single measure calculated t promote the prosperity and augment the happi ness of the people. From his entrance into pub lie life as a representative in the legislatuie c. } New York, to this, the fourth year of his presi ■ dential term, he has proposed nothing to recom < . mend him to the people. Other statesmen has , their pretensions upon their acts, but it has beet . reserved for the candidate for the most exalte* • office which the nation can confer, to claim the suffrages of the majority upon mere professions. r During the whole of Mr. Van Buren’s presi dential term, disaster and suffering have visitn . the country. A blight has fallen on industr> f Labor finds, no longer a recompense. Integrity ! ability and enterprize bring forth no fruits. Mis i ery is rife in the land. Commercial convui ( - sions and total stagnation have alternated will i frightful rapidity and to the inconceivable detri i ment of the community. With all this accumu - lation of evil the administration stands charge ; by a very large proportion, if not a majority r; s its constituency. It is accused as having tan: • pared with the currency, and destroyed the roo* f ! perfect monetary system ever possessed by a na • i tion. It is further accused of remaining the pas • sive, if not the exulting spectator of the ruin i ! has accomplished. When called upon to reliev. . the calamity of which it is believed to be the au ■ thor, it replies that “ the people expect too much t from the government.”—A tacit admission that I the power which overturned the currency and i brought all the subsequent mischief, is wholly in s capable of mitigating the sad consequences of its > own wild and destructive policy. What then are the claims of the executive to f re-election. He has deliberately declared his in • competency to remedy the existing evils; and i even admitting, for the sake of argument, that the i Jackson Van Buren administration is not the ori- 1 gin of the distress that has prevailed in the coun ! try for the last four years, it is time that a party under whose calamitous rule nothing but misfor tune has occurred, should give way, and 1 planted by those who not only contend that the ■ government is bound to protect the people, regu- < late ihe currency, and advance the public weal, 1 hut are prepared to urge the adoption of meas | ures calculated to attain the great object in view. , It is time that an administration, prolific only in i evil, and characterised by a policy-that is either passively insignificant or actively injurious, but never decidedly beneficial, should be succeedcc by a party whose motto is REFORM ; who hold that the people justly expect something from the government; and declare themselves competent to give them all they require, viz : a sound cur- RESCT AND AN HONEST AND ECONOMICAL AD MINISTRATION. — N. 0 Bee. General Harbison’s Character Defen ded bt a Loco Foco Journal. — The follow ing manly rebuke addressed to the traducers of General Harrison, is from the Ohio Confederate a Van Buren Journal. General Harrison. “A superanuated and pitiable dotard.”— O. S. Bulletin. “As the petticoat General passed through town,” &c. — Dem. Spark. Who is he whom we are describing as the petti coat General—a superanuated and pitiable do tard Yourselves will answer —and that not on compulsion—political aspirations out of view, yourselves will answer most frankly,—he is a tried, and a worthy citizen ; ay, “ seven limes tried, is he”—in the ordeals of fire and water. While yet a stripling, you will say, he gave him self to the arduous service of his country; he exchanged the joys and the safety of family and home, for the perils, and the hardships of a dreary wilderness and a savage enemy. For forty years, thenceforward, did he devote himself to his country; in peace and in war, in danger and security in the camp and in the closet, in the Senate and the battle-field, did he serve that country in true fealty and untarnished honor; until even now, grown grey in that hard service which has brought him nothing hut a glorious re putation and a conscience void of offence against the obligations of patriotism, he stands in his old age, among the millions who surround him, a model of official purity and uncorrupted integ rity. And this is the toil-worn soldier and hon ored citizen who is described as a “ superanua ted and pitiable dotard,” and a “ petticoat Gen eral !” Brethren, if we believe another to be the bet ter statesmen, let us say so. If we think the aged patriot entertains opinions and sentiments adverse to the important interests of our country, let us canvass unreservedly those sentiments and opinions. But in the name of humanity and gratitude, let us not tanat the war-worn veteran with the decrepitude of years, which comes to all of human kind, nor touch with rude and unfeel ing hand, his hard-earned garlands, won on many a bloody field, where brave men fought! Gentlemen, there is a vast difference between the goose-quill and the death-dealing sword—a mighty contrast between the sufferings and the dangers of a tented field, and the soft and easy life of the critic who despises it. “Free negroes are almost the exclusive occu pants ot log cabins !” exclaims that administra tion organ, the Baltimore Post, in a scurrilous at tack upon the life and habits of the venerable Harrison. What think ye of such insolentjsnecrs at your humble but goodly tenements, ye tens of thou sands of log cabin boys of the West and South —ye, whose hands of strength and hearts of fire have ca r ried your country’s dominion over a region more extended than the noblest empire of the Eastern World !— Lou. Jour. A Strong Document. We invite the attention of our readers to the ex tract below, from one of the most candid, satisfac tory expositions we have ever read—being a speech recently delivered at Abingdon by the lion. John Campbell, late Treasu'er of the United States.— Mr. Campbell wes in office several years, and en joyed peculiar op( ortuniiies of acquiring a thor ough and practical knowledge of our financial af fairs He sums up his objections to the sub-Trea sury scheme in the following very striking and for cible remarks : 1 hope, fellow citizens, 1 have made myself un derstood. I care nothing about phraseology, if 1 can be intelligible. This is the substance of my ar gument —That thia suh-Trecsury system, which re quires the people to pay up all their public dues in specie, can be of no benefit to the mass of the peo ple That so far as the general government is con cerned, it has been tried by a regulation of the 1 rea sury Department, after the banks had suspended st»ecie payments in 1837 ; and that tune and expe rience, the l ost test of knowledge, has proved, it can bring no good to the people. That the great mass of the people will be compelled from the value of our (Militical system, and from habit, to use bank paper or government paper, from its convenience and great facilities 't hat a government paper system w r ould be at tended with infinite more mischief than the bank ing system. Thar if the ha.iks were all to be put down, the paper system would rise up immediately in some other form. That ns the people are com pelled from the necessity of the case 10 lake naper in their ordinary transactions, and for every thing they sell, the government ought not to require of them pay men; of specie in us collection of the pub lic dues. Th it the revenue flow's out *f the Treasury in discharge of the public debts, as fast as it flows m payment of the public dues, and instead of flowing imo the calculation fro.u the sub-Treasiirers, it will flow directly into the hanks, if at par, or into the hands of brokers if above par, and that lha paper w ill be used in lieu of it in consequence of its su perior convenience. That ihe pap*r will be the circulating medium, whethern is at par or below par. Whether the hanks susj end or are making specie payments I hat if the paper is at par or equivalent to specie, it will always be preferred to it because it is more convenient. It it is below par, that then the spe cie collected by the government and paid out to its officers, will be sold for a premium and not go into the circulation, as we haves en illustrated at the seal of Government, when ihe banks suspended specie payments in 1837. That the people of this country,at a distance from banks, at a time of great pressure in the money market, will find difficulty in obtaining specie to pay their public dues, and that their property must be sacrificed ns a necessa ry consequence if specie ii demanded for taxes, and that the public money would be rendered more unsafe in the hands of individuals appointed by the President, and removable at his pleasure, than in the hands of good sound banks that have no legs and can’t run off. That nothing of any con sequence :ms ever been lost by the banks, except during Mr. Crawford’s administration of the Trea sury Department, who transferred the public money into bafiks, not for safe keeping, but to preve* t them from breaking. That although the hanks have sus pended specie payments in late years, in which were deposited the public money, they have not proved insolvent, and have paid, or will he able to pay, every cent they owe the government That the mere circumstance of the banks suspending specie payments is no more evidence *f their in solvency than the refusal of an individual to pay a debt on the day it was due, was evidence of his bankruptcy. That the Slate governments have sustained their banks in their suspensions,shewing that they thought under the circumstances it was best for the community, that they should have done so. That if these banka that have suspended are to he regarded es insolvent, and called “ Bankrupt Banks,” how does it happen that iheir notes buy every thing now the/ did before they suspended ? That all this clamor against the par or system, is useless to say the least of it, and the statesman who supposes he can benefit the people by it, and give them a specie circulation, only affords evidence that he intends to deceive them, oi shat he is unfit from his ignorance to he ent.usted with the public confidence. That the subject of the currency is a very difficult and intricate one, and ought to be left alone when in a tolerable good state. That experi ments ought not to be made upon it without the experimenters had given some evidence they were masters of their subject, and that more mischief had been done to it by “financial quacks” and pre tender*, than all the other clc ;ses of society put to gether. Hen> are 86 Governments, all sovereign and in dependent of each ofher, ami completely sovereign in relation to the subject of Ranking If we we're even to suppose w hat never will happen, and what never can happen as long r-- they exist as indepen dent Governments, that two-thirds of the States of this Union, would put down their hanks, the re maining third would furnish a paper system for the ♦ ' whole Union. Ftonmylvanii end New York can tlo - it. And yet we are told by a distinguished Senator of the United blares ; the confidential friend and organ of the President, on the subject of currency, that the General Government can effect what Bo naparte perfoimed in the Frtnch nation That the General Government has the same power over the currency of the 29 Slates, that a military despot, holding jn hi? own hands the reins of power and giving direction to every thing as it suit, J his sov ereign will and pleasure, had over the daatiuies of France! Here are hit words • “The great Empe ror of France r.tsed the currency of France from all paper to all specie in six years ” He continues : “ The gigantic wire —ihe National defences—the almost fabulous expen c of the imperial court ha J carried the annual national expenses to 16(1 mil lions. and the whole was paid ;n gold and silver, 40 millions of | cople uted nothing but gold ami silver. And cannot we increase in three or f .ur years our specie from 90 millions to an amount suf ficient to pay all the expenses of all wars and fir nish a common currency of specie to the people?’’ And h« r ponds himself by saying “ surely we cun ” Here is an idea of the powers of the Gener al Government over 26 so vere’gn States in relation to a subject ovei which they have unlimited con trol. How is the Gene al Government to p event the States from chartering banks ? How is the General Government to prevent the people of the Stages from n>ing bank paper ? How in it to pre vent them from availiriir themselves of its conve niences and facilities? I should like to sec the clause of the Constitution of the United States which gives »o that Government any such power ! And yet we are told it can do what Bonapartj did in France, in relation to tlie currency ! This siren voice which sings an animal song to us of the coming of the golden age, we have heard for the last ten years. Those who can be gulled by it have lived in this world to ’itvie purpose, and know little of the business hahiis of ike people of this country or of the principles of onr free ins i tutions Fellow-citizens, I have stated to you, and I repeat ihe remark, that experience is the best test of truth. That these systems we have tried and nave wit nessed their failure with our own eyes, we should have no confidence in I witnessed the practical operation of the celebrated specie circular as »l was called; which was an order from the Treasury L’e parlment under the direction of the President of the United States, that nothing but specie should be received in payment of the public lands. To my ceriain knowledge it did not bring one specie dollar into circulation among the people The lands were paid for in specie, in the 'Treasury of fice, and to the receivers, and then the specie was taken hack into the Banks instead of going into cir culation, and the public creditor! who had the Treasurer’s draft upon the Banks, took the notes of the Banks in preference to specie, because they were mure convenient. Any one of them could have had the specie, if he chosen to receive it, but he preferred the notes. The drafts that were given upon the re eivers in the West, were negotiated wi;h the Hanks, and the Banknotes were taker,and the specie in the hands of the receivers, went into ihe Banks instead of in fr» the circulation. 1 disbursed when at Washing ton, about 3( 0 millions of the public money beforu the Banks suspended specie pay in nte, and nearly the whole of that sum was paid in Bank notes, when the public creditor had Ihis option to take specie or the no es. Why did the public creditors, who had my drafts upop the banks, lake ihe notes ■ in prrfeience to specie when they could have had . the specie if they had demanded. No other an . swer can be given than that they preferred the notes because they were more convenient. Here then, is a fact which is conclusive, that ih i hank paper will be the circulation of this country until it is substituted by Government paper. The • organs of the administration have disclaimed ail i idea of a Government pap* r system. It is now aJ , milled on all hands that the destiny of this Repub | lie is sealed forever, when the circnlati g medium . consists entirely of paper issued under the author!- ‘ ty of the General Government. Under such a sys tem we need no longer talk about State sovereign tics and the liberties of the jieopie. They will be al the feet of the General Government, and it must become a simple consolidated despotism. It would soon hoard up in its vaults ali thespecre of lha na tion as is the case now in Russia, and the people would have ihe Government paper as its represen tative 'i he streams of specie would he const ml ly running troin the people in payment of their taxes, under the Sub-Treasury system, into the vaults of ike Government , whilst the Government paper would flow out as'.he circulating medium, until t lie whole country would be drained of specie and flooded with Government, paper. Every man then in the nation would be more or less a creditor of the Government, who held any of this Govern ment papier in his pocket, and of course m'erested in sustaining it in all its usurpations and despotism Under such a system, would it notne perfect mock ery to talk about liberty? In tins view of the sub ject, how can the sub-Treasury system give a spe cie circulation ? T(.e Government creditor would do precisely as he did before the establishment of the Sub-Treasury system when he had his option to take the notes of the banks or specie, anu al ways preferred (he former. If each man hoaids up specie to pay in his taxes, that dont pul it in circulation. It has exactly the contrary tendency. The circulating medium, is that money which the people generally receive when they sell anyth ng, and pay out when they buy any thing. Specie hoarded up to pay taxes would be used in neither buying or selling. It would be laid up to meet the demands of the Gov ernment. When pa d up to the government, it would go off to the Sub-Treasury vaults—from thence, it would be paid out to the • overnment claimant, . who would sell it to a broker, it it was worth more than Bank paper, and lake notes in exchange, or he would exchange it at bank for its paper, if it was worth no more than the pjper. How then are the people to be benefitted by the system, which is to drain our ceuntrv of specie, which w ill require them to hoard up the little specie they may have ready for the sheriff when he comes around or to have their projierty sacrificed lor half us value, if they should be unable to obtain it. The system, instead of giving us a specie currency, will drain the coun try of it, and banish it completely from circulation If the system is to be founded to the General Government, it can be of no conceivable benefit to the people. 'To say nothii gos ihe great losses that will be sustained by defalcations, by placing the public money in the hands of individuals, it will in crease the pressures in the money market—muliioly the suspensions of specie payments—prolong their continuance,and instead of giving their people a specie circulation, will rivet upon them completely, a depreciated currency. Fellow-citizens, lam no bank partizan. I never borrowed a dollar or accepted a favor from one of any kind Holding a highly d licato and impor tant trust, during a long period of public life, in re lation to the public money, 1 loitud it necessary to keep myself clear of all pecuniary entanglements with banks and in 1 viduals. I am no advocate of the excesses of bunking, or ol a depreciated paper currency. I simply deny that the Sab-Treasury system will cure these evils, so far as they affe t j the people. On the contrary, Isay it will aggravate them greatly and make them more intolerable. So much lor this Sub-Treasury system, which has been recommended by the President,Hour times to the American Congress. With ail my iiiattpem hie objections to it, I consider it a more innocent measure, and even less consolidating and despotic in its character, than other measures wlnch he'itm pressed upon Congress, and upon all of which I will take the liberty of submitting my views in due time. A Son Biheaded nr his Mother. —The Journal de Smyrne gives the following story on the faith of a letter from Adrianople, says it has i no doubt of its truth, although it admits that se veral dramas have been funded upon a similar occuirence : “ About twelve years ago a young Turk left a village near Adrianople, for the army. Towards the end of January he returned, and conclu ding from the change in his appearance that he could no longer be recognised by his relations, he applied at the dwelling of his mother as a stran ger, and requested hospitality far the night, inten ding to make himself known to all the family in the morning, as he had already done to his sister, who lived in another part *of the village, and to whom he had confided his intention of causing an agreeable surprise to their mother. The old woman made some difficulty in complying with his request on account of her poverty, but at length consented. In the course of the evening the young man drew out his purse, in which there were about 2,000 piastres in gold, the fruits of his economy. At the sight of the go'd, an in fernal thought came over the mother, and. when her son was asleep, she cut off his head with a hatchet, and having taken the purse concealed the body. Early on the following day the ».c.im died on her to inquire after ’° f who had p.,.ra ihe night under her surprised at not seeing or hearing ’ and told her mother that the stranger wj sh « son, and related the proje t which he had ° Wn ved for revealing himself to her ti C ? ncei ' struck mother now confessed the crime If . r she hau been guilty, and her cries of re f vtn r brought the neighbors to the s ha ' taken into custody.” i 01 s^e ' Crevasse at New Carthaoe - has broken through the hank at \J W r L r ‘ Ver m Madison county, La.,and made a Larlha Se, about fi .y yards in wtdth and about t J. IUVAM * deep, from the river to the bayou in ke! the town. The rupture ls b 1 rear °f the water rushes through it with I llla “ e ’ an, l ficent toeuek in flu uStlt’"S"* shore. One, laden with hey, " OD S «>« •mce drawn in and eto.e a jain.t ° r '*» and sunk. ° lni,t some By the present time the rise in th* • proW.ly o,e r fl.,wed the entire front of sZt Jhe irruption of the water iKv i or down and on IhoV" ' V a “* m “ Dle '' liu ‘ rise low. dir,./ Aj,ri °iu, ra,M *-«rfc Fm Convi-nees perSonth Hambvro, April 30, IS4O eese & Beall; Stovall, Simmons & Co* T n. son; Baird U Howland; w Woodbury. T j p Ice; Rankin. Bog,, ft Co; A Frederick; W K •”> Warren; Haviland, Ri s ! ey &Co n Tilton; J Thompson; W H Hauler; FII Cook’. * W Houghton; T Richards; J Wightman; “ P Carre; Pommy; H R Cook; E Boyce; D P i Unk | ! G Parrott; J F Benson. ’ ■b————a——— COMMERCIAL. Latest dates from Liverpool,. Latest dales from Havre ' Mar ch u r .. , . New Orleans, April 25 Cotton. Arrived since the 2l>t instant of In., a. mana and Mississippi 2138 bales, Tennessee ■ North Alabama 982, Arkansas 62, together aS I bales. Cleared in the same time, for Liver™."l ■ 4422 bales, Amsterdam 1536, Havana 600 « 0 !Z m 242, Baltimore 32, together, 6532 bales-, m’akS | reduction in stock of 3650 bales, and leaving 8 0 IF hand, inclusive of all on ship-board not cleared n! ' the 24th insl.. a slock of 207673 bales. The dullness which characterized the Cotton market at the time our report of last Wednesday morning was made up, was succeeded by a tolera bly active business ou that day, buyers having been induced to operate more freely in consequence of a the part of holders to accept rates about a quarter of a cent lower than were before demanded. The sales were principally list', and am mnted to 4SOO bales. Early onThurj day morning the mail arrived with advices Irom Liverpool to the 20th, and from Havre to the nth of March, brought by the packet ship South Arm ica, at New York. Since our accounts of the 16th the stock of Cotton in Liverpool had been further increased by heavy imports, and the market con tinued very dull and inactive a: an fd decline oa the 'ower qualities of American. From Havre the news is also unfavorable, prices of the inferior and mi Idling sorts of Amciican Cottons bavin; declin ed from 2 to 3 centimes since our advices of the 7th; and the market, even at this reduction, is re ported as being exceedingly tint In consequence ot these accounts our market be came remarkably dull on Thursday, but few buy ers evincing any disposition whatever to operate, and the sales, which only reached to some 1300 bales, were made at a decline of fully a J of a cent on our quotations of Wednesday morning. Yes terday the demand was again very limited, only about 1500 bales having changed hands, and the i market closed extremely dull at the decline noti ced above, to which our quotations have been made to correspond. The sales during ;he week amount to 13,000 bales, and for the past three days to 7600 which we notice as follows, viz: of Louisiana and Mississippi 110 at ss, 42 at 6,31 at at s^, 30 at 5, 84 at 7}, 110 at s}, 122 at 7, 150 at at 8, 28 at S|, 75 at 6|, 247 at 7|, 109 at 6|, 516 at 7. 132 at 9, 58 at 7J, 20 at 6s, 400 at —, 20IS at 7J, 1087 at ?£, 300 at Ik, 399 at —, 220 at 7.40 at 7, S 3 at 7|, 34 at 6A, 125 at 6|, 26 at 7f, 150 at 9 cents, and 320 N. Ala. at 7 cents. LIVERPOOL CLASSIFICATIONS. Louisiana and Mississippi —Ordinary, 5| a s|; Middling,6| a Fair, Good and line, 10 a—. Tennessee and N. Alaba ma—Ordinary, —a 5; Middling, a6; Fair, 6j a 7; Good fair, a 7|; Good and Fine, B}. STATEMENT OF COTTON. 1339. Oct. 1, stock on hand, 15824 Receipts last three days 3152 “ previously', 805981 SOP 163 824987 Exports last three days, 6832 do. previously', 6 1 0482 617314 Stock on hand 207573 Sugar — Louisima —The demand in the city has further improved within the last few days,and quite an active business has been done in the va rious qualities from inferior to strictly prime. The latter description continues scarce, and, indeed, the whole stock ou the Levee, which consists, princi pally, of the inferior and middling qualities, is very much reduced, the receipts having been light for some days past. —We continue our quotations«■ their former range—say 2} a cents, remarking chat the slight improvement in the prices of the better qualities, noticed in our Wednesday’s report, is fully sustained, and that the inferior grades have recovered a little, and become more firm, within the last day or two. On plantation there is little or nothing doing bey'ond the shipments on planters account. The only sale that has come to our knowl edge is 100 hhds at 4 cents. Molasses. —There have been but light receipts during the last few days, and at the same time» very fair demand; —consequently the stock, for sale on the levee is reduced to a moderate quantity;— pi ices, however, are without change, and we sti.> quote at 18 a 19 cents per gallon in barrels, which rates are readily obtained for parcels in good order We note a sale of 20,000 gallons on plantation above the city at 14 cents. This is the only fran saction which we have heard of—lots below tbe C! ' ty' are still held at 15 cents. Four —ln our Wednesday’s report we repre sented the market as being rather quiet on the da. previous, at $3 87£ a 3 94 for then there has been some further demand for jk port, and sales have been made to a fair extent »■ R shipment to England, to the West Indies, aau- f northern ports. We still retain our formerqu ow! ' lions of $3 87£ a 3 94, but remark that the gre iter part of the sales have been made at $3 90- receipts of the last three days are about I2, w ' barrels. , Bacon —Alirge supply of both Western*^ City smoked Bacon has accumulated upon the ket, there having been scarcely any demana v several weeks past. We cannot, at present, any change in our quotations, as they re P^ e9 o 6 j n li nearly as possible the range of prices obtaine the very limited parcels to which transaction a confined, but we remark that the tendency ls further decline. ,: tv Lard. —The demand for Lard of prime q’ l * continues active, and holders of this descrip have obtained a further advance. We note a of 2003 kegs very superior at 11 centa. have also been some small sales at the same P and some holders of strictly prime parcel-'. are scarce, refuse to accept less. M°stO‘ tl,e is of rather ordinary quality, and as buyers w vana will take none but prime, the inferior g are in but little request. *We quote at 9y a . Whiskey. —The market has a large supplh only a limited demand exists. We still qn 23 a24 cents pergallon for Cincinnati j a y o: marking that mest of the sales for the U st two have been at the lowest figures. Coffee. —The demand for Havana P rl ® .Tying continues active at 10 a 10|; —inferior to m is in less request at 9£ a 9|. Rio is and the small stock is in few hand*. readily affected at tations include both cash and time sales. Lead . —Wc note sales of about 2000 pig* * j a 3 62k, which is a comiderable decline- > the lots in market arc held above these rat«*