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m-ammmmmmm ' CHRONrJIiIS AND SKVnNEL. a u g i s t a . ~'TrH)AV~MORN!NG, AUGUST 14. FOR PRESIDENT, WILLIAM 11ENKY HARRISON, Os Ohio; The invincible Hero of Tippecanoe-tLe incor ruptible Statesman-the inflexible Repubhcan * he patriotic Farmer of Ohio. for VICE-PRESIDENT, J O IIN TVL ER , Os Virginia; A State Rights Republican of the school of ’9B— —of Virginia’s noblest sons, and emphatically one of America’s most sagacious, virtuous and patriot statesmen. _ fob electors of president and vice-president, GEORGE R. GILMER, of Oglethorpe. DUNCAN L. CLINCH, of Camden. JOHN W. CAMPBELL, of Muscogee. JOEL CRAWFORD, of Hancock. CHARLES DOUGHERTY, of Clark. SEATON GRANT LAND, of Baldwin. ANDREW MILLER, of Cass. WILLIAM EZZARD, of DeKalb. C. B. STRONG, of Bibb. JOHN WHITEHEAD, of Burke % R. WIMBERLY, of Twiggs. FOR CONGRESS, WILLIAM C. DAWSON, of Greene. R. W. HABERSHAM, of Habersham. JULIUS C. ALFORD, of Troup. EUGENI US A. NISBET, of Bibb. LOTT WARREN, of Sumter. THOMAS BUTLER KING, of Glynn. ROGER L. GAMBLE, of Jefferson. JAMES A. MERIWETHER, of Putnam. THOMAS F. FOSTER, of Muscogee. (rjf*No mail northof Charleston last night. We lay before our readers to-day. Mr. Van Bu ren’s letter to the Kentucky committee. Weshal!, on to-morrow, give of the National In elligenccr on this rare production, to which we in vite your particular attention. Extract of a letter to the editor, dated. Social Circi.e, Ga., August 6, 1840. ‘Tn looking over the Extra Globe, yesterday, I noticed a communication dated Monroe, in this county, in which it is stated, that this State will give the administration a large majority; that some of the former friends of Mr. Van Buren have been carried away by the influence of a United States Bank, but where one has gone over, there has been a gain of at least five. He says in this county he ‘knows of but one we have 10-t, but at least half a dozen we have gained, and they are men of some influence.’ If any one of tie friends of the ad ministration will call on me, I will give them a list of the names of at least ten, in th:s neighborhood, who were formerly strong Union men, but who are now as strong Harrison men. And I think it would puzzle the gentleman to point out half a dozen who were formerly State Rights men, that are now Van Buren men. 1 know of but two who called themselves State Rights men, who are now Van Buren men; and one of these supported Van Buren at the last election. 1 think, without the least exaggeration, there can be named, in the coun ty, 50 Union men who are now warm advocates for Harrison and Reform, and we hear of moie or less every week, and 1 think, by the election, a ma jority of 100 will not be given for Van Buren. — Among the most influential of those who have come over, is a Judge nf the Inferior Court, (for mer y,) a man of high standing and respectability, and a former representative of this county in the State Legislature, and, when last a candidate, re ceived the highest vote given, and who was one of the most bitter opponents of the State Rights party 1 ever knew. He is ‘going the whole hog,’ and will exercise a great influence.” From the Savannah Republican. Do you hear that Georgians? We stated, not long since, that General Floyd, was not among the supporters ol the present Ad nnni Ration, as intimated by the Loco Focos of tiii- county, and we feel sincere pleasure in being able to lay before our readers this day, a letter written by Genera! Floyd, to Major White of this city, which fully corroborates our statement. The letter is, in every respect, worthy of the gallant and chivalrous Southerner, General Floyd. Fairfield, Camden County,) 3ist July, 1840. 5 Dear Major —1 learn by your fitter of the ~oth instant, and by letters from other friends in Sa vannah, that a report is in circulation theie, mis representing my political opinions in reference to the candiaaios fur he Presidency, and requiring from me some public notice. On ordinary occa- ; s.ons, 1 might permit such a report to pass unhee ded—but now that question is before the two great i parties of the United States, on the issue of which will depend the mastery of the People and the Constitution, or the mastery of the present Ad ministration with an increase of its extravagant desires, corrupting influence, and assumed pow ers. L deem it pioper to • define my position,” that i may escape the charge of that fashionable vice, apostacy, and be found .v here 1 have always been, on the side of Republicanism and the Con stitution. The report above referred to is stated to be in substance, that 1 had become favorable to Mr. Van Buren, and should support him lor the Presidency. The reverse is the fact. 1 am, and always have been, opposed to Mr. Van Buren. For my reasons, see the record of his voles and public measurs. If no other cause existed, his official sanction of free negro testimony agunst an officer of the Navy, would be sufficient to condemn him forever in my estimation, This act is certainly no index to the “ Southern principles” attribute 1 to him b> his ad vocates. It is my determination to support General Har rison, be ausc 1 believ a change 0! rulers abso lutely necessary to the welfare of the country — because also, the important mi itary services ren dered by General Harrison.give him a claim which his opponent has not; and becau-e I believe that he vvi i, if elect'd, bring tie Government back to its original character lor integrity and economy. As to abolitionism and other disgraceful charges against him, 1 disbelieve them. Neither Mr. Van Buren nor General Harrison are known to me. except through the history of the country. I compare them by their public acts, un influenced by personality or prejudice. You are at liberty to make this communication public if necessary, to defend my political opinions from misconstruction. Your friend, CHAR’S R. FLOYD. Major Wji. P. White, Savannah. Col R M. Johnson in his speech on \\ heeling Island on Monday last, stated that he Ha endear ored before leaving V\ ashmgton city to prcvai u an President Van Buren to visit the People of the United St tes and electioneer personally I bdd him ’’ said he, “ that we would be hard run and that he ought to go out among the voters, as I intended doing.” , , \t Steubenville, on W edxesday, be remarked, that before he crossed the mountains he was in formed that his Locofoco friends in the West had become alarmed —that dismay and consternation had spread through their ranks —but that, althoug 1 he had met many of them at Washington, Pa., Wheeling and St. Clairsvifle, he had not seen any thing to make him believe to, until on that day- He confessed that the large procession of VVhr*s, with their badges and banners, (which by the w ay. aDDear to have a wonderful effect upon the travel orators,) Had really alarmed bm, and were sufficient to alarm the party, and exhortc the faithful to arouse themselves and by redoubled exertion? prepare for the very close contest which " to know what those of our Loco friends who pretend to be confident of ihe re-elec tion of Mr. Van Buren, think of Colonel Johnson s judgement. — H heeling Gazette. V Letter From the President ol the United States. Washington, July 4, 1840. Gentlemen: — I have had the honor to receive the invitation which you have been pleased to give me in behalf of the democratic citizens of the coun ties es Fayette, Woodford and Scott, to be present as a guest at a public meeting and entertainment, to be”held by them at the White Sulphur Springs, in Scott county, Kentucky, on the 11th inst. Truly grateful for this mark of their respect and kindness, ! can but regret that my public duties will not permit me to express my gratefulness face to l ace. That I have been so fortunate as to secure “ the entire approbation of the democracy of Kentucky,” that they look upon me as “ true to the Constitu tion of the United States,” “the representative and advocate of their principles in tne Executive De partment of our Government,” cannot but afford me peculiar satisfaction,coming, as it does, fiom a highly respectable poition of the ancient and time honored patriots of that noble State, and from the sons of those who, in their day, were the pillars of the republic. History, gentlemen, must be false to her duty when she ceases to inform mankind that it was by Kentucky that the first effectual blow was struck at the dangerous principles intro duced into the administration of our Government soon after the adoption of the Constitution—princi ples which had already led to acts of fearful usur pation, and threatened speedily to destroy as well the rights of the States, as the rights of the Peo ple. it was the Kentucky resolutions, backed by those of her patriotic parent State, which changed ♦he public opinion, and brought back the adminis tration of the Government to the principles of the Revolution.' For forty years the democracy of the Union have looked upon those resolutions as the creed of their political faith ; political degenera y has . een marked by departure from that standard, and, like the original language of the Bible in mat ters of religion, they are the text book of every reformer. Nothing could more effectually prove the purity of the principles then announced, than the progress they have since made in the minds of men J While even the name of the proud and powerful party opposed them has come to be considered a term of reproach, if not of ignominy and insult, the princi ples of the Kentucky resolutions, in profession, if not in fact, now emer into the creed of every po litical sect, and the once derided name norne by their apostates and advocates, is considered an es sential passport to popularity and success. Nay, more, the People, almost with one voice, have re cently recognized and consecrated the principles of those resolutions, by an act as impressive and emphatic as it is possible for a nation to perform. Since your letter lias been laying before me wait ing fora rep’y, it has become my agreeable duty to confiim the fiat of the nation, settling forever the unconstitutionality of the sedition laws of 1798, by approving an act for the relief of the heirs of i Matthew Lyon, refunding to them a tine collected of their ancestor under the law in question. Party ! prejudice, judicial authoi i y, dread of the prece dent, respect for that which has assumed the form of law for forty years, have successfully resisted this act of justice ; but at length all are swept a i way by the irresistible current of public opinion, and the sedition act has been irreversibly decided to be unconstitutional by a tribunal higher than the courts of justice —the sovereign People of tiie Uni | ted States. The patriarchs of Kentucky and Vir ginia, the men who, in that day, miJst obloquy and insult, voted for or sustained the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions of 1799, cannot but rejoice with joy unspeakable in witnessing the final tri umph of the pure principles to which they then an i nounced their allegiance. They and their de scendants have a right to glory in seeing those principles recognized, even at this late day, by the j acclamations of a nation, and one of the tyrannical . acts against which they protested virtually ex punged from the records of the county. W lule to aged patriots it is a subject of congrat ulation and ;oy, it teaches the young that efforts at reform in the Government of their country ought never to be considered hopeless, as long as there | is any thing to imp ove, and that, if the fathers do not enjoy the fiuits their exertions in the cause ! of democratic principles, they are ceitain to fail in i blessings upon the children. 1 am most happy to inform you, gentlemen, that I have this day signed the bill for the establish meni of an Independent Treasury, a measure of which you speak in decided commendation. By this measure, the management of an impoitaiit brunch of our national concerns, after a departure i of nearly half a century, will be brought back to the letter, as well as to the obvious spirit ;.nd in tention of the Constitution. The system now su perseded was, in fart, one of those early measures devised by the friends and advocates of privileged orders for the purpose of perverting the Govern ment from its pure principles and legitimate ob jects, vesting all power in the hands of the few, and enabling Incrn to profit at the expense of the many. 1 need not inform you, gentlemen, that the effect of depositing the public money in banks was to lend it to those institutions, generally without interest, to be used as a part of their capital, and that they lent it out upon interest to their custom ers, thereby largely increasing the profits of the stockholders. Thus the few were enabled to en rich themselves by using the money which be longed to the many, and the public funds were in fact drawn from the Treasury, without an appro priation by Congress, in clear violation of the spirit of a constitutional prohibition. The manner in which this abuse crept into the ! Government and fastene l itself upon the country, I with the acquiescence of the whole people, is an : : impressive lesson, teaching the necessity ol per- I petual vigilance and energy in detecting and re- i I sisling the first eucroacfimt nts, however seemingly I trilling, upon the principles of our Government, j F om the deposite of tire public money in banks, it did not necessarily fo.low that the banks should use it. Its u>e was never, until lately, and then oni > mtr limited extent,directly authorizedbv any act of the Government. But, as the banks’were in the habitof using deposites, they silently treated those of the Government like those of'private I citizens, and the Government silently acquiesced * in the practice. As loi many years the revenues i of the Goverment were moderate, and the surplus i was wanted to pay the principal and interest of the public debt, the amount loaned out by the banks was comparatively small, and the profits of Ihe stockholders less considerable. But in the pro gress ®f the Government its revenues increased, and the amount unexpended became greater, until it amounted to five, ten, and, after the extinguish ment of the public debt, to nearly thirty millions. Ihe disastrous effects now occame apparent. An extensive interest had sprung up. deriving wealth irom the use ol the people’s money, and having powerful inducements so to act upon the Government as to i ,crease the source of their in come. Their influe: ce was first directly fell in in terferences to prevent the payment of the public debt; then in efforts, t rough the use of the public press, and in attempts to secure the influence of the leading politicians, and of men in authority, to procure a prolongat on of their chartered privileges; and, finally, in ptnic and pressure inflicted upon the country with the hope of controlling the action of the Government through the alarms and the sufferings of the people. By shifting the deposites fiom one great institution to many smaller ones, the unity of this interest was destroyed, but not its power. Though enfeebled, it still existed in a force which the boldest might fear, and had made itself felt in the contests of the last few years. But the intelligence ad virtue of our people have triumphed over art, panic, and pressure, and the act of deliverance is this day consummated. It k honed that the business ol the couatry wi-1 It is hop disturbed by the struggles of the no longei possession of the money banking inheres s ? P make a profit out of ot the pe they will settle down contented use of that which legitimately -e longs to Zm leaving the funds of the Government to be keot and expended according to the letter and s „irit of the Constitution. But should it be other wise the intelligence and firmness ol our people arc equal to any emergency. 1 hey now und< - .ta d the wnole subject. They see no reason why the stockholders and debtors of banks should have an exclusive privilege to make themselves rich out of the use of the public money. 1 he} see no reason why they should be taxed to raise mono} sor I =uch a They see that its eff ct is o ouild up a rich privileged order at their expense to control the Government, and destroy all equality among the people. Seeing all this, and the plan for which that interest has so long struggled, to the derangement of the business of the country, is in palpable violation of the spirit o f the Constitu tion, their hrmness will be equal to every e fort necessary to prevent its re-establishment. In the progress of our Government the most gratifying evidences have been furnished that our people are, in intelligence, integrity, and deter mined resolution, equal to the task of self-gov em inent. In that Administration which has been ap propriately named “the reign of terror, s< L a P" propriately that men of all parties now' repudia e its acts and are prompt to redress, as far as t e> can, the wrongs it inflicted, the force of statute law and the arm of the Judiciary were called in to aid the influence of the Executive and the advo cates of a strong Government in putting down the rising spirit of the people, and controlling the cm rent of public opinion ; hut all these combined powers were exerted in vain. The Samson of Democracy burst the cords which were already bound around his limbs, and in the election of Mr. Jefferson vindicated its principles, its firmness, and its power. A wreo more artfully contrived, composed of a high protective tariff, a system of internal improvements, and a National Bank, was then twined around the sleeping giant in the vain hope of subjecting him forever to the dominion and will of the ambitious and grasping few, and you have seen how he has scattered the whole to the winds when roused by the warning voice of the honest and intrepid Jackson. Again, in the triumph of the Independent Treasury, we witness the triumph of the popular intelligence and firmness over the arts, arguments, appliances, and alarms of the interested few who desire to en rich themselves by the use of the public money — another and the most gratifying evidence that the people, when aroused, are competent to maintain any just principle, and correct any abuse, however sanctioned by precedent or sustained by wealth. On these evidences of popular inltlligence and firmness, the Republican patriot rests with well grounded faith that all means which may be used to mislead or intimidate the people, now or hereafter, into a surrender of their Constitution and their libeities, will, as they have ever done, meet with a signal and withering rebuke. I am, gentlemen, with thanks for the friendly spirit in which you have indiviually performed the duty assigned to you, very respectfully yourfriend and obedient servant, M. VAN BUREN. To Messrs. John M. McCalla,''! Committee G. W. Johnson, J Presidential Election. We republish by request, the table of electoral votes given at the last Presidential election. Van Buren. Harrison. Maine, 10 Vermont, 7 New Hampshire, 7 New Jersey, 8 Rhode Island, 4 Delaware, 3 Connecticut, 8 Maryland, 10 New York, 42 Kentucky, 15 Pennsylvania, 30 Ohio, 21 Virginia,.... 23 Indiana, 9 N. Carolina, 15 Alabama 7 73 Mississippi, 4 White. Louisiana, 5 Georgia, 11 Illinois, 5 Tennessee, 15 Missouri, 4 Arkansas, 3 26 Michigan, 3 Webster. Massachusetts, 14 170 Magunm. S. Carolina, 11 Van Buren, 170 Harrison, 73 White, 26 Webster, 14 Mangum, 11 Whole number of votes, 294 The Whigs will see at a glance the most bril liant prospects of success from the above. Adding South Carolina to Mr. Van Buren’s former vote, it would give him 192. Gen. Harrison will certainly, in addition to Iris former vote, have Massachusetts and Tennessee, which will make 102. If to this we add, what no one disputes, Rhode Island, Con necticut and Louisiana and Michigan, which before voted for Van Buren, his vote will be increased to 112, and Mr. Van Buren’s diminished to 172. This i leaves New York, Pennsylvania, North Carclioa, | and Virginia, still with Van Buren. Should the Whigs carry only the first named of these, the vote will stand Harrison 164, Van Buren 130. Pennsylvania alone carried would make it, Harri son 152, Van Buren 142. There is now every reasonable prospect that we shall carry not only one, but both of these great States. Admitting them lost, Virginia and Illinois will give Harrison 150, Van Buren 144. We have also the best chances for success in Georgia, and North Carolina j may be set down as certain. We see no reason j for any thing, even under this calculation, but i hope in the future; and we give the above as the worst calculation we can make, for the benefit of any Whigs who may doubt, if such there can be found. — Fhilad. North American. From the Albany Evening Journal. The Fulfilment of Prophecy ! In 1834, when Mr. Van Buren was grasping lor the Presidency, the London Chronicle, a high Tory paper, put forth the following predic tion in relation to designs which have just been carried into effect! Mr. Van Buren, while playing Minister in England, contrived to make himself understood. I Ha did, r.s the London Chronicle intimated, in duce Calhoun, McDuffie, Bancroft, Brownson, j Leggett, and other men of talent to prepare the public mind for measures which, unless arrested, : are sure to change our form of Government. But here comes the London Prophecy : From the St. James’ Chronicle of 2d Sept. 1834. The people of England may now learn a les son on the Republicanism from its most brilliant specimen, the government of the United States. It has proved a splendid failure. Van Buren, who learned many useful tactics in this country, I will bring the democrats round to a rational system of monarchist obedience. Demoracy is the best and most powerful lever in the world, if pressed judiciouly. Monarchies have been up set by it. Van Buren is said to be a non-talented man, i but he knows human nature ; he knows his coun trymen too, and he has laid the finest train that ever was conceived. He has prevailed on the ,; popular old President to set an example of abso lutism and independence which perhaps no other man in that country could have attempted. He will imitate mildly and cautiously ; but having the support of the democracy, he will undoubt edly succeed in bringing the whole Union under , the sway ot a lew enlarged and cultivated minds, . which are in tact the source of stability and or der in every countrv. The people cannot govern themselves, any more than a public school can govern itself with* I °ut the superintendence of a master. It must j oterelv an incessant round of clamor andcon ; tention. We have now more hope for America than ever we had since her declaration of inde pendence. Mr. Van Buren has succeeded in running down a National Bank which was the most formidable obstacle to Executive control, and has collected in his hands the reins of a good team ot state institutions which will draw togeth er and bear him upwards like the steeds of Pe gasus. The Republic of the United States like that ol \ t nice, wJI become an oligarchy, hut it will be, unless we are mistaken a more enduring one. It will not like Venice become a splendid ruin of palaces, for it has arterial springs of commercial prosperity, which nothing can paralyze, and which do not depend upon the diseased stomachs of Europe for a healthful action. For fifty years or more it will be a clever oligarchy, and then the people will wisely and cheerfully consent to its be coming a limited monarchy. —Van Buren, we believe, has a son or two, and he will probably establish a sound and useful dynasty lor that great continent.” Alfred Iverson, Esq. OF WASHINGTON CITT. It will be perceived by the Van Buren papers, that this gewtleman is a candidate on the Van Buren ticket tor Cong r ess. How it is that he can be considered a citizen of Georgia, we are at loss to know ; for we understand that he sold out house, lot, &c. &c. to Judge Colquitt, two or three years since, and that his family have res ided in Washington City since that time. He is said to hail from Columbus, hut we will venture to say that he has not been there as much as two months, within the last twelve months. At the time he was elected Judge of the Chattahoochee Circuit, he was then a citizen of that place, hut afterwards, when h’s family removed, the time appointed for the courts, not being convenient, he would adjourn them over to such time as would suit his convenience, to attend them alter his re turn from Washington, and if we have not been misinformed, it was that, which caused a special act being passed to prevent the Courts being ad journed over in the Chattahoochee Circuit, long er than one day. We have no fears that he will he elected, but we think that if the Van Buren party preU nd to offer candidates to represent the people of Georgia in Congress, they might as well select gentlemen who reside in Georgia, and not one whose home is in Washington City ; and who only comes to Georgia once or twice during the year, and then to remain a few weeks. Not content with supporting Mr. Forsyth, who re sides at Washington City for the Vice Presiden cy, thev must needs support his son-in-law, from the same place, to represent the people of Geor gia ! ! They must be bad off; but we can tell them in time, the people of Georgia will not sanc tion this game.— Georgia Journal. England and China.— We are indebted to a mercantile house in this city for the annexed copy of a letter from the United States minister at London, disclosing in part the intentions of the British Government as to the conduct of the Chinese expedition. A blockade of Canton, it seems to be one of the first measures resorted to; and there is great reason to apprehend that the blockade will be of long continuance, for we have not the remotest idea that it alone will have any effect upon the Chinese. If the English admiral confines himself to a blockade, he has got two or three years work before him. London, June 26th, 1840. Gentlemen —I received last night from Lord Palmerston an answer to my note on the subject of the China trade, the substance of which I has ten to comunicate for your information. As I had supposed, the order in council was inten ded to be confined to the subjects and property of the Chinese. It appears that the admiral com manding the expedition on the China seas has been instructed to confine himself (unless ex treme measures should become necessary) to the detention alone of Chinese vessels and prsperty and is not to seize or detain vessels arriving from Europe and America, although such vessels and cargoes may bo consigned to mercantile establish ments within the Chinese dominions. His lord ship, however, has deemed it proper to apprise me, for the information of those concerned, that one of the first acts of hostility that may be re sorted to by the admiral, will probably be the es tablishment of a blockade on the Canton river and of some other points on the Chinese coast. I am, &c. (Signed,) A. STE\ ENSON. From the New York Courier <s• Enquirer. The California Affair. We have been furnished by Gapt. Clifford with the following statement in relation to the arrests of American and English seamen in California. It may be as well to state that Captain Clifford very much doubts the truth of the account pub lished in the Mexican papers, and translated in the Journal of Commerce of yesterday morning. On the 7lh of April, the English and American residents on the coasts of California, near Santa Barbara, were, without any previous notice, seiz ed upon thrown into prison, no one could tell for what causes. After undergoing an examination of which nothing public was made known, the Governor chartered a vessel called the Guipuzcoa, which finally left Santa Barbara, on the 7th May, for San Bias, with foity-six prisoners on board, half of which number were English, the remain ing half citizens of the United States. These miserable sufferers, loaded with iron, worn down by the cruelly they had rieceived, and expecting, many of them, to sink under the weight of their accumulated miseries, were crow ded like condemned felons into the hold of the vessels, where, to add to their sufferings, they were inhumanly deprived both of light and air. The Guipuzcoa was eleven days on her pass age to San Bias, during which lime the prison er endured every cruelty, and suffered every abuse which the brutal feelings of their persecu tors could invent. Arrived at San Bias they were with as little delay as possible landed and imme diately forced to commence their march toTepic, a distance of sixty miles, which they performed in two days, over a mountainous road, with the thermometer standing at 99, having no place where on to rest their weary bodies hut the hard stones, and no food to supplv exhausted nature, save a scanty morsel, provided by the hand of charity. During the march, which was laborious enough to exhaust the stoutest frame, the prisoners were urged onward by lashes inflicted upon their naked bodies, and one, who sank under fatigue, was barbarously beaten with the butt end of a musket, to renovate his strength and arouse his drooping spirits. Arrived at Tepic, the situation of the prisoners was soon ameliorated, by the energeiic and hu mane exertions of the British and American Consuls at that place, lor it was found on inves tigation, that the officers who had come from California in charge of the prisoners, had no doc uments of any nature to show the cause of the violent proceedings of the Governor, or any proof of charges against the prisoners ; consequently, by orders of the military commander, the irons were taken from their limbs, and by direction ot the Consuls, comfortable quarters and whole some food were provided for them without delay. The military gentlemen, whose brutality had excited the indignation even of the authorities ot Tepic, to their utter consternation were com pelled to march to the quartel, where they found themselves placed under charge of a strong guard, with the privilege of occasionally peeping through the grates. A circumstantial account of the history of the outrage and (he sufferings of the prisoners had been forwarded by the consuls to the British and American ministers resident in Mexico, both of whom had war i ly entered into the cause, and had demanded a full explanation from the su preme and satisfaction for the inju ries which their countrymen had been compelled to suffer. Official accounts of this infamous transaction have been forwarded to the British and Ameri can governments by their respective ministers at the city of Mexico, and it is confidently hoped that prompt and energetic measures will be pur sued by those powers to obtain ample justice and remuneration for the prisoners and satisfaction for^r"- Of proceedings again, .he prisoners while in California, and aderfaiil m C They were assisted with adv.ee and other means by an American, citizen named Farham who fortinaudy happened to bo that country, on his way to the This is however but one version o the attd i . The Mexican papers contain the following - - count, which we copy from the Journal of Com merce. our files of Mexican papers having by some accident failed to reach us. “ Departments of San Luis, June 20, I»4U. “ It will be seen by advices which we copy from the Diario delGobierno, that a revolution was on the point of breaking out in Upper California. According to letters which we have before us from Eastevan Mamas and David E. Spence, the former a Spaniard, and the latter a Scotch man, and both of them respectable and faith; I subjects residing near the port of Monterey, we learn that the Yankees, alter holding severa meetings at Nativitas, where is a distillery, and which is situated very near the Mission of St. John the Baptist,determir.cd to take possession of that beautiful and fertile country, which the New Orleans promoters of the Texian insurrec tion have justly styled the Paradise of America. The present Governor, Juan Bantista Alvarado, being informed of it, with the greatest activity to ascertain the truth of these designs, and made a dash upon fifty foreigners convened (reunidos) at that place, who offered resistance, and one ot whom was killed. The rest, being well secured were placed on board the bark Guipuzcoana, Jose Antonio, Aguirre, guarded by 25 men, under com mand of Jose Castro, which vessel ai rived at San Bias on the 10lh of May ult. It is altogther a very strange affair. It is very improbable that some forty or fifty men could conceive,the idea of revolutionizing such an extent of territory as that of the Coast ot California, thinly inhabited as it is. We are happy to add that the U. S. ship St. Louis has proceeded to Upper California to protect American interests there. The Charleston Courier of yesterday says : By the schr. Virginia Antoinette, Capt. Place, arrived yesterday, we received files otlhe Bahama Royal Gazette to the 6th inst. On the 24th July, the settlement called San Fernanda, situated within the port of Neuvitas, in the island of Cuba, was entirely destroyed by fire, which caused much distress and reducing many poor families to the greatest indigence. Nassau, August 5. About the 13th ult. a Spanish biig from Ca diz, bound to Havana, and having seventy pas sengers on board, unfortunately struck on the Mucaras reef. The mate with five seamen in the brig’s boat, proceeded to Neuvitas for assist ance, whence a small sloop, (the Carmita, Capt. Barboso, now in this port,) was immediately despatched, but on arriving at the reef, the brig was not to be found, supposed she may have drift ed off and proceeded on her voyage, no accounts, however, have been received of her. The Magician’s Residence. — Happening in Kinderhook the other day, we took no little trou ble to enquire out where the Magician expected to conceal himself after the next Inauguration. With wise forecast, we found he had purchased an establishment about two miles from the vil lage, and was putting it in suitable order, prepar atory to an event, which he knows is as sure to come upon him as that the Sun will rise to-mor row. Starting from the centre of the pretty vill age of Kmkerhook in an easterly direction, we rode through rather a poor and neglected section of country, containing at long intervals, a few rather forlorn looking farm-houses. The route ' seemed to be an unfrequented one, and there was nothing except its utter seclusion and dreariness, ' which could induce any man to select it as a resi dence. The only information we obtained, by which the Mansion might be found, was the quantity of new fence by the road-side. The house stands some distance in the rear of a quan tity of pine trees and appears to be the antiquated ( two-story brick residence of some moderate coun , try gentleman. It is going through various re pairs and improvements, stables and hot-houses and sheds being in process of erection. It was purchased not long since by Mr. Van Buren, and there is every thing in the appearance of the premises, which would indicate that the occupant expected to be there soon. The location implies t also that he would like to be as remote from the world, and as secluded as posiblc, to be consis tent with remaining within the bounds of civil ization. The only residence near by, or which , exhibits any signs of animated existence, is a shanty directly opposite his Mansion, with the sign “ Cakes ami Beer, sold Here.' I —Troy Mail. Origin of Franking Letters.—The ori gin of the franking privilege is thus detailed in ' the 23d volume of the Parliamentary History. It occurred in the debate on the Post Office Bill, ; in the year 1560 :—‘‘Colonel Titus reported the bill for the settlement of the Post Office, with 1 the amendments. Sir Waller Earl delivered a proviso, for the letters of all members of Parlia ment to go free during their sitting. SirHene • age Finch said, it was a poor mendicant proviso, and below the honor of the house M. Pryne spoke also against the proviso; Mr. Buncley, • Mr. Boscawen, Sir George Lowing, and Sergeant ! Gallon, for it, the latter saying, the council’s letters went free. The question being called for, i the speaker. Sir Harbottle Gnmstone, was un ; willing to put it, saying, he was ashamed of it; ! nevertheless, the proviso was carried, and made : part of the bill, which was ordered to be engross ' ed. The Lords, subsequently, disagreed to this - proviso, and it was ultimately thrown out. Ala : subsequent period both houses did not feel it be low their honor to secure for themselves this ex eintion.”—Great value is attached to some franks. ! One by Lord Bron has been kuhown to fetch seven guineas atyan auction. Taose by Single 1 speech. Hamilton are very rare, s, also, Horne Tooke’s. Canning franked to a friend in Ireland, three volumes of Clarendon’s History, one frank to each volume. Dresses, boots shoes &c. have 1 been frequently under one frank ; and a whole • suit of window curtains have been so passed. It is said, a buck was franked to Dover by Mr. Pou ■ letl Thomson. The Duke ot Wellington’s frank 1 sold last week for a guinea. The finest collec tion of extant forms, part of a splendid and unique ’ collection of autographs in the possession of 1 Mr. Upcott, of Islington, and which ought to en - rich the British Museum ; but in all probability, ! the opportunity of possessing it will be neglected 1 until some foreign potentate bears away the ' treasured prize. i I ; j | Astounding Disclosure.—An individual in . Ohio, fully acquainted with the transaction, has [ d isclost d lh« fact that a loan of $400,000 had , i been obtained in New York to operate on the i j election in Ohio, by purchasing votes of laborers 1 and buying flour at extraordinary prices so as to , induce the German farmers, hundreds of whom [ j have left Van Burenism, again to support the I Administration. The gentleman by whom the f facts were communicated, disgusted with the 1 proceeding, has left the Van Buren party—' . Indianapolis spirit of ’76. r» r^'lE ® CLL PROVIDES FOR HIS Poor.— l he British barque New York Packet i , arrived at quarantine below this port on Sunday • , last, with two hundred and fifty passengers, sick and destitute. Many of them, it is said, have admitted that they are paupers, and that they ■ were taken from the poor-houses of Great Brit- I am.— Boston Courier. Profitable Business. —The following expend" tures and receipts of certain Custom Huses in ih* United States, are from a document printed •** Congiess in 1838: 1 ia District. Officers’ salaries. Am’t R Pr , Ipswich, Mass $1,244 65 ' N. London, C0nn.,... .4,013 64 *" j Hardwick, Ga., 455 21 nothir- Suabury, Ga., 730 00 ( , fi 8 ‘ St. Augustine, Fia—l,4o2 56 j ’ St. John, Fla., 1,578 13 ’ do ; The Pardoning Power in America A* to the philosophic essay of De TocqueviH e the Influence of Democracy, we believe 11°° ablest work that has been written on by a foreigner is that of Dr. Nicholas Henry Hus, *of Hamburg, entitled, ‘The Moral Concf* tion of the United States.’ This production h** not yet been translated, but we learn f rom ‘Cincinnati Chronicle’ that an English versi 6 I of it will soon be published in that city. p^° n Dr. Julius visited the United States, he had oj? tained great reputation by his works on the Crim* inal Law and Social i VmdLion of Germany; am J while here, he devoted his attention perticularl to the crimes, punishments, penitentiary establish ments, schools and other matters connected v'* our moral condition. In his chapter on the mi tigution of the penal code, Dr. Julius states that I the number of pardons granted in this couru exceeds any thing ever dreamed of in Eurone Z the same way. 1 1 To give some idea of the frequency of the ex ercise of the pardoning power in this country* we condense some statistics from the work if Ur. Julius. The pardons amounted in this Slat to 0.343 out of 3,175 convictions to the peniten tiary, during the fourteen years from 1810 to lg. 23, or almost to th-ee-fourlhs of the whole num ber. In the three years from 1816 to 1818, '803 or more than four-fifths, were pardoned , and of 817 convicts liberated in five years. 77 only ful filled the term of their punishment74o, how ever, had been pardoned principally fur want of room for their incarceration. In Pennsylvania, within twenty-two years from 1799 to 1820, there were pardoned by three consecutive Governors not less than 2 508 crim inals; and the city of Philadelphia alone, from 1787 to 1832, 2,488 were pardoned, amountin'* on an average, to 54 annually; in ! 819 only, there were 134. In the State of Ohio, of 707 con victs imprisoned in fifteen years, from 1815 t 0 1829, 501 were pardoned, 128 fulfilled their term, and the remainder either died or escaped.— New Yorker. Relation of Husband and Wife.—A wri ter in a New England Review, who expounds the Legal Rights of Woman, showing that he can look at the relation subsisting between the hus band and wife with a true eye, thus beautifully ▼indicates the common law, in one particular: I “Should either, forgetting the obligations of good faith and all the proprieties of that relation, he willing to bear witness against the other, the law sternly forbids it. It will not allow the rule to be violated, even by agreement. It has no hand to raise the veil of that sanctity ; no ear to [ listen to the breithings of its hallowed com- f rnunion ; it lays the hermetic seal of its finder on the lip that would reveal those secrets. Nay, J if the parlies the 1 selves have drained the bitter t| cup of domestic dissension, and been finally di- |J voiced by a judicial decree, Svill neither is permit ted to testify, against the other, to any matter of confidential communication, made while the mar riage tie existed.” A Predicament.—The Baltimore clipper man tells of meeting in the street a dashing belle of that city, whose conduct as she neared him seemed passing strange, as at one moment she would hasten her steps, and at another stop, as if in doubt whether to proceed. Her cheeks / were tinged with blushes, and such washer evi dent confusion,that she ever and anon cast a plead ing look around, as if to find some open door to re ceive her. For a long time he was at a loss to know what caused the poor girl’s confusion, when he discovered close at her heels two little pigs, who struck up a merry “ queek— queek,” I as soon as she walked forward, but were perfectly silent when she stood still. But why should these young pigs be so attentive? The young lady doubtless had her swain—hut not her swine. * As he passed her he observed that her “ bustle,” |j was stuffed with bran, had burst open and was I lettin g out its stores to ameliorate the appetites of J these hungry little pigs ! Strange that the Bal- | tirnore authorities will allow little pigs and big pigs of various sizes to run at large to devour the artificial portion of their belles ! Capital Retort.— A plain man who feels I that Mr. \an Burcu’s administration has betray ed the confidence reposed in it. was rallied by an old political ifiend in Centre Market, of this city the other day. for having left his friends and gone over to his enemies. No such thing, promptly exclaimed the honest patriot—“ I have left my enemies and gone to my friends /” This was a poser. He never uttered a truer sentence. With professions of love for the people ever on his lips, Mr. van Buren has done nothing for them; not a solitary act for their benefit. Who ever heard of his doing any thing for the poor 1— |, Newark Advertiser. Virginia Loan.—The Treasurer of the Slate of Virginia has given notice, that proposals for a six per cent, loan, amounting to $92,825 ot any part thereof, irredeemable for twenty years,inter est semi-annualiy, in specie—will be received un til the 24th inst. COMMERCIAL. Latest dales from Liverpool, Jhfj/ 3 Latest dates from Havre, 29 New Orleans, August S. r Cotton —Arrived since the Ist inst., of Louisiana and Mississippi 906 bales, Tennesseand North Ala bama 292, Arkansas 22, together 1225 bales.- Clcared in the same time, for Liverpool 3641 bales, Cowes and a market 41, Havre 1253,Havana 140a, Boston 220, Philadelphia 453, Portsmouth 479, to gether 7492 bales; making a reduction in stock of 6272 bales, and leaving on hand, inclusive of all on shipboaid, (as ter statement aoove,) a stock 01 B 26013 bales. In our review of Saturday morning last we re ' ported the cotton market as being in a 1 ather inac- _ live state, in consequence of the limited stock on sale, and of the inquiry beingthen principally con- 1 fined to the better grades, which were difficult t° obtain on account of their great scarcity and the very high rates demanded by holders. On that ar the two subsequent days,however, a more active, as well as a more general demand was experienced, the sales up to Tuesday evening having aroonnte to about 2800 bales, embracing'nearly all the par cels of any considerable magnitude that remained to oe disposed of, and which were taken at rates a .fraction above those previously current. - inc (then transactions have been on n limited sea c, more on account of the small amount offering,how ever, than the absence of buyers, there e ‘ n »," t u e a fair demand. The market is very firm, and • few parcels of any note that yet remain in j hands, are limited at rates above our present Q u tations, which, it will be perceived, have been a vanced a£ of a cent for qualities below fair. 1 sales for the week amount to 3900 bales. LIVERPOOL CLASSIFICATIONS. „ Louisi na and Mississippi— Ordinary, 6 v* A middling, 8 (a) S’; fair, 94, (d) 9| ; good fair, ' 11; good and fine 12, nom. Tenn ‘sse and Mtjn Alabama— Ordinary. (a) middling, 'PH*.'*’ fair, (p) good fair, 9£ (3 10; good and hne, none. Sugar — Louisiana —The demand, during the P n ' week, has been quite limited, and the transaction* have been confined almost entirely to small sa. ■> from second hands, at a further advance, howcvci, of i 0 i cent p lb. The sales of the wee* amount to about 250 (3 300 hhds, at 6* c«.» . most of the transactions being at 5 (3 oi cents.