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• CHROMCL& AND SENTINEL. AUGUSTA. FRIDAY MORNING,«EPTCMMER 11. ran PRESIDENT, WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON, Os Gh to ; The invincible Hero of Tippecanoe —the incor ruptible Statesman —the inflexible Republican — the patriotic Farmer of Ohio. FOR VICE-PRESIDENT, JOHN TYLER, Os Virginia ; A State Rights Republican of the school of ’9S— one of Virginia’s noblest sons, and emphatically one of America’s most-sagacious, virtuous and patriot statesmen. FOR ELECTORS OF PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT, GEORGE R. GILMER, Os OgWthorpe. DUNCAN L. CLINCH, of Camden. JOHN W. CAMPBELL, of Muscogee.] JOEL CRAWFORD, of Hancock. CHARLES DOUGHERTY, of Clark. SEATON GRANTLAND, of Baldwin, ANDREW MILLER, of Cass. WILLIAM •EZZARD, of DeKalb. C. B. STRONG, of Bibb. JOHN WHITEHEAD, of Burke. • F.. WIMBERLY, of Twiggs. TOR. CONGRESS, "WILLIAM C. DAWSON, of Greene. R. W. HABERSHAM, of Habersham. JULIUS C. ALFORD, of Troup. EUGENICS A. NISBET, of Bibb. LOTT WARREN, «f Sumter. THOMAS BUTLER KING, of Glynn. ROGER L. GAMBLE, of Jefferson. JAMES A. MERIWETHER, of Putnam. THOMAS F. FOSTER, of Muscogee. •FOR SENATOR, ANDREW J. MILLER. FOR RF.rRESLNTATIVES, CHARLES J. JENKINS, GEORGE W. CRAWFORD, WILLIAM J. RHODES. Lost. The file of the “State Rights Sentinel” for 1536 has been burrowed from our office by some person who has omitted to return it. We would therefore thank the ‘individual who has at in pos session to send it home. In the event that we are unable to obtain our own, we should be glad to purchase or boirow a file for that your, and also o the one of the Augusta Chronicle, The Pledged Ve'to. Our sympathies are really sometimes excited for the distressed condition of the Locofocos. They remind us of the devoted and dying soldier of Na poleon, who, when he discovered that his end was approaching, in the most fervent appeals, invoked the Emperor to make the Surgeon save him ; such was his tenacity for life, They iiave resorted to every means that the history of parties in this country has everchronicled, and when driven again and again from their position, they with the ut most alacrity, sei«e upon some other, from behirid whase ramparts they are again routed, and with countenances distorted with despair, the disconso late creatures seize upon the pledge of their cnief to veto any bill for the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia. Here they cling with all the tenacity of a drowning man, to the side of the beat from whi h he has been thrown, and with an assumed consciousness of the invulnerable character of their position, their dejected coun tenances again light up with a ray of hope, as they repeat “ General Harrison has given no such pledge.” In all sincerity wc pity them, when they boast ■of that pledge as a virtue, by the giving of which, Martin Van Buren literally admitted that he would do vielence to that oath of office which requires him to support the Constitution,by vetoing a meas ure that he had, and does now admit to be consti tutional. How daring must the ambition of that man be, who would thus frankly admit his readi aiecs to do violence to the solemn and imposing ob ligations of an oath. And yet it is made for the ostensible purpose of securing the influence and support cf Southern men. Upon what then will he base his boasted veto ? Upon the expedi ency of the measure, exclaim his friends. Expe diency J And will tin southern people trust the decision of this important measure to that man’s notions of expediency, who never gave a vote up on a question touching slavery, but he by his vote, tested his disapprobation of the whole principle. We think not, wc had almost said, wc knew' not. We rather opine they will give their vote to that man who by his votes, has always sustained this peculiar institution—that man, who has declared that it was against the spirit of the Constitution, aad a violation of State Rights to agitate this ques tion in other sections of the Union than those States wherein it exists—that man, who has ex pressly declared, that any effort to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia, without the consent of the States of Virginia and Maryland, was unconsti tutional, thereby placing a double barrier, by re quiring not only a Congressional law, in all its le gal forms, but in aidition to that, the consent of those two slave holding States—such a man is William Henry Harrison. Is there any compari son between the opinions of these men, for the safety Southern institutions ? We think not, and we know' that every candid and honest man who lays aside his prejudices, will frankly admit its truth. Ah, but exclaims one of those dejected, disconsolate Lo cofocos, who clings to this as his last hope, Mr. Van Buren has promised to veto any such bill.” Mr. Van Buren has promised has he ? Well, certainly this is a remarkable safeguard, when a man’s promises are put in opposition to Ins solemn convictions of constitutional duty. But to show how justiy this cherished rock of safety for the ills of Locofocoism, is regarded by one of their own party, we give below an extiact from the ad dress of the Horn Mr. Campbell, of S. C., who, to his shame b« it said, is one of the attachces of John C. * Ca’houn, anQ a supporter of Marlin han Buren. — , Hear liim, and .ponder again and again, ye sinking Locofocos, upon the security which this boasted veto secures to Southern insHUitioi s. “1 regard the veto power of the President upon the the question ol slavery in the District of Columbia as valueless, because, as has been truly said by the opposition mcml>ers of Con gress from Georgia, in their late address to their ■constituents. “The moment the abolitionists ac quire strength enough in Congress to pass an act abolishing slavery in the District of Columbia, the Union is dissolved, and the passage of such an act would be its funeral knelL devolution would be its immediate consequence. What would avail the veto power amidst the loud uproar of the dis solving Union ? Its voice wculi be bushed in the stern spirit of anarchy. It is therefore idle to talk of the President’s-veto.” Savannah election. The election for Alderman in the city of Savan nah has resulted dn the scccess of t' e Loco Foce ticket, but by a decreased majority. The Whigs are therefore sanguine that the October and No vember ele tions, which \v ill unite with them tire country vote, will rescue old Chatham from the fangs of Loco f ocoism, and proclaim her in the front rank of her repiibll-an sisters. We have been permitted, by a gentleman of this city, to make the following extract from a private letter, dated Savannah, Sept. 8, 1840. “ Well, the Aldermens election is over —we are beaten, but not vanquished. It was the first con test since the Congressional election of October, ■lB38 —When’the total number of votes polled was 777. The Locos beat us then 139 average majori- j ty. Yesteiday, 902 votes were polled, and they beat by an average majont} r of S 2 votes —showing a clear gain to the Hanison party since October. IS3B, of 57 votes. Our ad\ ersaries brought up the tenants of the Poor House and Hospital, and got I their voles through, the officers of the Custom House, who were also active and untiring in their labor to help the cause of Van Buren, even by the , show of the Aldermens election. But it will not do. Harrison gets the county—the country is for j him, despite the illegal voting of Savannah Loco Fccog.” Mr. Van Buren’s Negro Vote. Corporal Mum, Biographer to his Excellency, the President and Professor of Lexigraphy to the legislation of Gccrgia, who recently perpetrated a : learned dissertation upon the word “ bi-annual ,” has crept out of his Sanctum and attempted to show that his Excellency, Martin, did not vote for “un qualified, free ngro suffrage.” Verily, the Corpo- j ral is anxious to acquire notoriety, for he seems to have thrust his head out of his shell as suddenly ! as if a coal of fire had been placed on his back. We made this charge some time since, and the j Corporal did not possess either candor enough to admit, or the hardihood to deny its tiuth, but in . his present straitened and desperate condition, he has screwed up his courage, and although he does not deny the truth of our charge, he wants to make the impression that he does deny. Here then is (he proof. The following is the first section reported by the committee on suffrage: ° I “Sec. 1. Every white male citizen of the age of twenty-one years, who shall have resided in this State six months next preceilingany election, and shall, within one year preceding the election, j have paid ony ; lax assessed upon him, or shall, i within one year preceding the election, have been assessed to work on a public road, and shall have paid an equivalent in money therefor ac corcing to law, or shall, within one year preced ing the election have been enrolled in the militia ol this State, and shall have served therein ac cording to law, shall be entitled to vote at atich election, in the town or ward in which he shall reside, for governor, lieteuant-governor, senators, members of the assembly, and all other officers who are or may be elected by the people.” In the course of the proceedings upon this sec tion, Mr. Jay moved to strike out the word “ white,” so4hat free negroes could vote, and a vowed this as Iris object,and on the motion to strike out Martin Van Buren voted for it; or, in oth er words, he voted to permit every free negro in New Vork to vote with the same qualifications as white men. But lest this may be questioned, we give an extract from one of his speeches, and the yeas and nays on this celebrated negro vote. Mr. Clarke, who like Mr. Van Buren, voted in favor of striking out the word “ white” which thus conferred the right of voting on negroes, re marked in a speech, ** I am unwilling,” said he, “to retain the word 'white' because its intention is repugnant to all the principles and notions of liberty, to which we have heretofore professed to adhere, and to our declaration of independence, which is a concise and just expose of three principles. In that sa cred instrument we have recorded the following incontrovertiole truths, * TVe hold these truths to be self-evident —that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their ‘Creator with certain unalienable rightsthat among these i arc life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” “ The people of color are capable of giving their consent, and ever since the formation of your government they have constituted a portion of the people, from whence your legislators have de rived “their just powers,” and by retaining that word, you deprive a large and respectable num ber of the people of this State, of .privileges and ! rights which they have enjoyed in common with us, ever since the existence of our government, and to which they are justly entitled.”.. Mr. Jay, on page 190, moved that the word "white” be stricken out. The vote was taken l»y yeas am! nays, (sec page 202, of the Journal,) and resulted as follows : Ayes—Messrs. Bacon. Baker, Barlow, Beck with, Birdseye, Brinkerhoff, Brooks, Burroughs, Buel, Carver, R. Clarke, Collins, Cratner, Day. Dodge, Duer, Eastwo.rd, Edwards, Forris, Fish, Hallock, Hees, Hogeboom, Hunting, Huntingdon, Jay, Jones, Kent. King, Modre, Munroe, Nelson, Park, Paulding, Pilcher, Piatt, Reeves, Rhinelan der, Richards, Rogers, Roseburgh, Sanders, N. Sandford, Seaman, Steele, D. Sutherland, Swift Sylvester, Tallmadge, Tuttle, VAN BUREN, V an Ness, S. R. \ an Rensselaer, Van Vechten, Ward, A. Webster, Wendovcr. Wheaton, E, Williams, Woodward, Wooster, Yales—63. Noes.—Messrs. Bowman, Breese, Briggs, Car penter, Case, Child, D, Clark, Clyde, Dubois, Evekman, Fairlie,Eaton, Frost, Home, Humph rey, Hunt, Hunter. Hord, Knolcs, Lancing, Law rence, Lcflorls, A Livingston, P. R. Livingston, McCall, Millikin, Pike, Porter, Price, Pumpelly, Radcliff, Rockwell, Roof, Rose, Russel, Sage, R. Sanford, Scheuok, Seely, Sharpe, Sheldon, J. Sutherland. Taylor, Ten Eyck;Townlcy, Towns end, Tripp, Van Fleet, Van Horn, Vernrych'E. Webster, Wheeler, Woods, Young—s 9. The word white was accordingly stricken out But while we are adducing proof on this ques t:on, let us take the evidence ol the Southern Ban ner, a Van Buren print, and by the way a very unscrupulous sheet, but not altogether so much so as the Corporal. The Banner, in speaking of this report, says. This report was made on the 12th Sept, and occupied much of the time of the Convention, Various jne positions to amend wore made, and ; on the 19lh, Mr. Jay moved to strike out the word [ “white.” In favor of this motion, Mr. VAN BUREN VOTED. From the Baltimore American. Address to fiie people of the Southern and Sooth Western States, by the Van Harea members of Congress Irom those States. This document, which is of considerable length, i appears in the Globe of the 25th u!t., and is signet! ln T one member from each of the Stales j addressed. The chief purport of the address is an afempt to identify Gen. -Hamsen and the Whigs with j the Abolitionists. It is rather too late in the day , to-undertake.a tiling of this sort, after so many repeated efforts for the same purpose have so signally failed. The South is altogether satisfied on this subject. The result of the elections in Virginia last Spring,-in Louisiana, and in North Carolina more recently, mav be taken as proof of the feet. Can the authors of this address cx ■pcct to put forth tire question in any new light ? Or do they suppose that the authority of their names, and the formal parade of a long document with an appendix of papers marked A. 13. C. D. &c.. signed by a ‘Committer, will influence men whose minds are already made up after a fair 1 investigation of the subject! Gen. Harrison’-s course in reference to the con stitutional rights of the South, is placed beyond the reach of misrepresentation or doubt. The i record of his'-votes on the Missouri restriction, at I a time when the principles of political men were tried as by fire, stand, an>l will ever stand, as a token and a witness which no man can gainsay. He acted on that occasion like a man who knows what convictions of duty are. and who will not shrink from the straight line, let the sacrifice bo what it may. “ ?.Iy vote against the restriction of Missouri in forming her constitution was not a conclusive onej” he says to his constituents — “ there would have been lime enough, had I con tinued to be a member, before the question was decided, for my constituents to have instructed , me, and I should have rejoiced in any opportu nity of sacrificing my scat to my principles, if they had instructed me in opposition to my con struction of the constitution. n We regret to notice thattbe address of these gentlemen contains a sentence in reference to Gen. Harrison, reading thus: —‘‘He has express i ed no opinions on the subject {Abolitionism) up on which tile South can rely, and stands ready to act with the one party or the other, as either may have a majority in ’Congress.” Such an assertion can do little harm where the facts of the case are known. In his letter to Mr. Thomas Sloo of New Orleans, dated November 26, 18-36, Gen. Harrison says—“l do not believe that Con gress can abolish slavery in the States, or m any manner interfere with the property of the citizens in their slaves, but upon the application of the States, in which case and in no other, ; they might appropriate meney to aid the States jso applying to get nd of their slaves. These j opinions I have always held, and this was the ■ ground upon which I voted against the Missouri j restrictions in the 15th Congress. The opinions given above are precisely those which were en tertained by Mr. Madison and Mr. Jefferson.” He further adds in the same lotter—“Z do not be lieve that Congress can abolish slavery in the District of Columbia , without the consent of the States of Virginia and Maryland, and the people of the District.” The value of these declarations consists in the fact that the} r arc perfectly in accordance with Gen. Harrison’s previous conduct and avowed principles. He refers to his course on the Mis souri question as a thing well known. The address of these Van Buren gentlemen goes on to say still further of Gen. Harrison : “ Indeed, from evidence,the truth of which \vc do not Houbt, it appears he has recently declared, on more than one oscasion, that lie will not veto any hill which Congress may pass!” We know not what kind of evidence it is that seemed m the estimation of these gentlemen to warrant such a preposterous inference. If they had looked for authentic information on this point they might have found in one of General Harrison’s own letters a declaration to the effect, “ that in the exercise of the veto power, he should limit his rejection of hills—to first: such as arc in his opinion unconstitutional; second, such as tend to encroach on the rights of the States or individuals; third, such as involving deep inter ests may, in his opinion, require more mature deliberation or reference to the will of the people, to be ascertained at the succeeding elections.” The Committee who published this address will probably find it as difficult to shake the con fidence of the South in Gen Harrison’s principles in reference to Southern rights, as to make it ap pear that Mr. \ an Boren’s notions on the same subject arc sound and constitutional. From the Vermillionville La. Gladiator, 2 9th zilt*. Insurrection among the Slaves. On Friday night, the 21st inst., an express arrived from Garanero stating that from informa tion derived from a negro woman, the slaves were on the eve of a revolt. The same night some of the party were apprehended and lodged in jail. On the next morning the sheriff called together nine respectable inhabitants to sit as a committee of inquiry.; those apprehended were brought | before the committee, were examined, and in formation concerning others was obtained; the | sheriff immediately despatched messengers after those denounced, who, upon examination, inform ed upon others—and this part of the p-oceeding was closed by the apprehension and examination of upwards of 20 negroes. The committee, after two days; deliberate inveStigtftion, rose and denounced as accomplices in the revolt, twelve of those in possession, and three who are now runaways. A court was then organised, according to law, for the purpose of trying those in possession, and after two days deliberate enquiry into all the facts concerning the revolt found three guilty of hav ing joined in an attempt to cause an insurrection among the slaves-of this state. The sentence of the law was then pronounced against them, and they were accordingly executed on Friday, the 28th inst. Too much praise cannot be bestowed on the conduct of the authorities of the parish, and particularly that of the sheriff. The measures adopted ‘by him, and the activity he displayed in bringing the offenders to justice and generally throughout the whole affair, contributed very much to re-establish order and security from the general disorder caused by the insurgents. The eagerness displayed by the population of the parish to attend the call of their chiefs, form ing the i solves into squads, and in keeping up a strict guard day and night throughout the country, is a proof of what they are willing and able to effect, should the country ever be threatened with danger. In one word the conduct of all was such as it should be, and proves to us that hereafter we need not be uneasy in lime to come. Popular vote of Illinois.— A letter from Illinois, to & gentleman of Cincinnati, as given in the last Gazette of that city, states that the aggregate popular vote in Illinois,at the late elec tion. is within a fraction of 84,000, out of which the an Buren party have a majority of 1,800. 1 he aggregate popular vote at the election in Il linois which immediately preceded the presiden tial election of 1836, was 43.000, out of which the Van Buren party had a majority of 11,000 And \ot, shout some of the more unscrupulous ot the Loco I oco prints, “never were our pros pecis brighter, &c. Illinois, in fact, has done well for toe Harrison and Reform cause. As rcmaiked by the Gazette—“ One more effort will thoroughly break the traces of Vanocracy, when she will stand proudly forth, “redeemed, regener ated, and disenthralled.” A majority in 1836. ol eleven thousand out of forty-three thousand, re duced in 1840 to a majority of one thousand eight hundred , out of eighty-four thousand ! Let, that be remembered, wherever the Harrison democrats have yet work to do. It is full of en couragement to them, and dismay for their oppo* nenls.” From the New Orleans Picayune of the sth. From Texas. By the arrival of the schr. Henry, yesterday, direct from Matagorda, we have received a few further particulars relative to the recent attacks upon the town of Linnviile by the Camanche Indians. [A few day since wc published an account of a battle between this body of savages and a party of Texians, under command of General Felix Houston, wheih resul ed in the defeat and flight of the Indians.] The following letter, which we find in the Mat agorda Gazette, gives more full particulars of the depredations committed. “Pout Cavallo, August 9th, 1840. “Sir —Yesterday, the Bth, at 8 o’clock, A. M., about 1000 Mexicans and Indians entered the town of Linnviile.shot and scalped Mr. O’Neal, (of Pensacola,) killed Major H. O. Watts, took his lady prisoner and either killed or took prison ers some three or four men, blacks and whites; after which they commenced, plundering the houses and selling them on lire at intervals of about an hour, until all were consumed. Fortu nately for the survivors there happened to be a large lighter at hand, into wiiich, with much difficulty and imminent danger we succeed ed in making good our retreat. Much danger is apperehended from an inundation of western Texas by the combined forces of the Centralists and several tribes of hostile Indians, which ap prehension is very justly predicated on a lettcrfroin a highly respectable gentleman in Matamoras to an acquaintance in Texas, together with other corroborating circumstances too well known for the interest of the West. Yours, in haste, “ L. H. W. JOHNSON.” It appears that the Indians first attacked the town of Victoria, from which place they proceed ed to Linnviile. At Victoria they killed several of the inhabitants and burnt the houses. Those of the citizens that were left had fortified them selves in one of the cornets of the public square; they were without arms anJ could only rely on axes, clubs, &c. About 40 men had left the town about the time the Indians first made their appearance in the vicinity, and had gone to the Indian encampment about four miles above the town, in the night, expecting to fight at daybreak. They had not been heard from twenty four hours after; they were supposed to be all killed, as the ; Indians had come down next day and again at tacked the town. From this place the Indiana drove offabout 1500 mules and horses. Amongst the persons killed at Victoria were Col. Pinkney Caldwell and a Mexican servant. A private letter which we have received from a friend at Matagorda, giving an account of Gen. Huston’s buttle with the Indians says-—“ The Indians wrere completely routed, having been compelled to leave all their booty, together with the lady who was made prisoner at Linnviile, in the hands of the whites. Seventy-eight of their dead bodies were found on the field; many more with their wounded, they succeeded in carrying off to places of concealment. Gen. Felix Hus ton is still in advance ofthem with three hundred men, and 500 more arc in hot pursuit after them. They will no doubt be nearly all cut to pieces. “ The country lias completely recovered from its temporary panic. Linnviile is fast being re -1 built; it will never again be spoil foi the Indians. , Emigrants who may have been frightened into any delay by the ‘ Indian news,’ may rest assured of their perfect immunity from danger. The war now waged against the savage;, is intended to be, and will no doubt speedily eventuate in one of total extermination. “ Respectfully &c.” From the Southern Banner. SoHihevn Kail-Roads, Mn. Chase, — I hand you herewith an extract I from a very able article in the New York Review, for April, 1840, on “Improvements by Rail Roads and Canals.” The particular object 1 have, is to show the preference given by the writer, to the great line improvement, of which the Georgia Rail Road forms a part. He copies and endorses the classification made by Monsieur Chevalier, of the public works of the United States, in these words : “In the United States great public works must ha'e for their objects First. To bind the shores of the Atlantic with the country west of the Allegany ; that is to say, to connect rivers, such as the Hudson, theSusque hannah, the Potomac, the James river, or bays, such as the Ucdawarc or the Chesapeake, either with the Mississippi, or its tributary, the Ohio.or with the St. Lawrence, or the great Jakes Erie and Ontario, whose waters are conveyed by the St. Lawrence into the sea. Second. To establish communications between the valley of the Mississippi and that of the St. Lawrence, that is to say, between one of the great tributaries of the Mississippi, such as the Ohio, the Illinois, or the Wabash and Lake Erie, or Lake Michigan, which lakes of all those which have an outlet by the St. Lawrence, extend furth est south. Th'v'd. To connect the north and south poles of the Union, New York and New Orleans. Independently of these great systems of public works, which are in progress of construction, and even in part executed, there exist secondary groups oflines of transportation, having for objects either, to facilitate the access to centres of con sumption, or to open outlets to certain cen tres of production. The first of this class of cases embraces different works, canals or rail-roads, which leave the great cities as centres, and radiate’ in different directions around them. The second comprises such works as have been executed to bring into market different coal fields.” After speaking of the first and second classes of public works, as affording little or no induce ments for the investment of private capital; in deed the writer goes so far as to say that “ to in dividuals, such investiments, to any great extent, would prove certain bankruptcy and ruin,” he proceeds to say in reference to the third class : “ There is no such uncertainty as to the third line cf communication mentioned by Mr. Che valier, that between New York and New Orleans. Connecting, as this docs the metropolis of the union with the great Atlantic cities of the north ern and the capitals of the southern states, this line of communications has at the same time the advantages of forming the most direct line betw een the eastern and southern slates, and of tra versing a belt of country which presents for the execution of a line of rail-roads, peculiar facili ties. Ihe public has evinced its perception of the advantages of this great line of thoroughfare by the large amount which has been contributed within the last six or eight years, almost entirely from individual resources, to its execution. 1 he separate links which have been so far made bid fair even should it not be extended beyond Us present terminus in the sooth, to be extremely profitable; but there is scarcely a doubt, that within six or eight years more, the whole chain of communication will be completed to New Or leans, and that there will then be a travel and trade over every portion ot it, beyond any pre sent conception of its extent. « A J‘ he l j me f ,he publication of the sketch of Mr. Gheval.ar,detached links only in this chain ot communication had been made as far as the Roanoke, m North Carolina. Within the two have since elapsed, the Philadelphia nd Baltimore, the Richmond and Fredericksburg I ami Ivitimhoncl ami Petersburg rail-road:?, haie been put in operation; and south of the Koan oke, lines of rail-road have been completed to Wilmington in North Carolina, at the mouth of the Cape Fear, and to Raleigh the capital of the state on the more direct route to Columbia and Aug us* a. Between Columbia and Brancnville, on the line of rail-road which conncc-s Charles ton and Au ju.-ta, a rail-road is now in progress of construction, which it is understood, will be completed in the course of the present, or early the coining vear, leaving only the distance be tween Raleigh and Columbia (about two hun dred miles, but which is said to be of extremely easy execution,} to be constructed, to furnish a complete rail-road communication between New York and Charleston and Augusta. Between Augusta and Montgomery, on the Alabama river whence to New Orleans there is for about two thirds of the year an excellent steamboat commu nication, rail-roads now in progress of execution will probably he finished by the lime the lino north of Augusta is in readiness. Great profits may undoubtedly be anticipated in every portion of this great chain of commu nication, when executed with tolerable judgment and under favorable charters. In another point of view', however, it is much more interesting to us. No line of improvement which has been projected in America, and perhaps none which can ever be made, is so important in a po litical as well as a commercial aspect, as the one we haVc been contemplating. In the time of war, the government will be enabled by it, with a moderate standing army, to provide for the de fence of its whole Atlantic coast, an object not to be attained effectually without it by the whole force country. It will furnish in such a contingency, the means not only of transporting men and munitions of war, but in the event of the blockade of the roast, of exchanging the sta ples of the south and manufactures of the north and east. In the estimation of the patriot, devo ted above all things to the preservation of the Union, this connexion, between what Mr. Che valier terms its two pules, has yet a higher value. “ When,” he remarks, “ New York shall he only six or eight days journey fiom New Orleans, not only for a rich class travelling in a privileged manner, but for every shop-keeper and every workman, separation will no longer be possible. Great distances will have disappeared, and this Colosus, ten times vaster than France, will min tatn its unity without effort. It is among the many fortunate circumstances of our country, that its most essential line of improvement offers such strong inducements to its speedy execution, both in prospects of profit presented by it as an investment, and its other advantages. In other countries, the w orks es sential to their dctcnce and protection have been executed usually at great cost, and with heavy burdens on the subject. With us, the one w hich is to make us impregnable in war, and to unite us indissolubly in war and peace, is, at the same time, to add largely to the wealth of the nation, and of the shareholders of the companies co op erating in its execution.” Nkckar. Tiik Tts'nmost of Mn. Calhoun.—ln the. winter of 18?5 a committee made a report con cerning the condition and management of the Post Office Department, then under the care of Mr. Kendall. In the Globe of that session we find a report of Mr. Calhoun’s remarks in the Senate on the subject, and here quote a specimen for the edification of his present allies, Blair, Ken dall & Co. “Mr. Calhoun said, he earnestly hoped that some Senator would present a resolution express ing the sentiments and feelings of the Senate, on the gross corruptions which had been exposed in the Report." He had listened with the profoundest attention, to the reading ofthe report and documents, and would solemnly aver, that his most powerful feelings were those of the deep est shame and mortification. During the twenty two years in which he had, in some form or other, been connected w ith the Government, he never could have conceived that such rottenness, such corruption, such abominable violations of trust, could evar exist in any of its Departments, as those he had just listened to, he repeated, with the utmost mortification. The guilt of this Depart ment was open and palpable. No one on the floor of the Senate could be bold enough to rise in his place to extenuate or palliate it. All saw and lamented the rapid strides which deep and debasing corruption had made in it. It exceeded any thing in the history of the rottcucst ages of the Roman Empire." Still tiiky Comk !—The Ashtabula Ohio Sentinel of the 28lh inst. publishes the renunci ations of Van Bureuismhy 12 citizens of Jeffer son, 14 citizens of Austinburg, and 2 citizens of Lenox, in Ashtabula county. The Lowell (Mass.) Courier of Tuesday pub lishes the renounciation of ten Van Huron men, who have determined, after a calm review of our public affairs th.-.t they cannot consistently sup port his administration any longer. The New Jersey papers arc publishing the renunciation of Van Burenism by fifteen nuchan ics of Newark, who declare, in withdrawing their support from the Administration, that they ‘ be lieve our country would not he benefitted by fol lowing the financial policy of Cuba, France. Hol land, Germany, Russia or AustrTa,” and that the policy of Van Buren, as acknowledged by of his leading supporters in Congress, “w ill re- • duce labor to eleven pence a day, wheat to six teen cents per bushel, and all other things [ex cept the salaries of officeholders] m proportion.” They are right. Coii-ignecs per South Carolina Rail iload. llAaiuL-no, September 10, 1840. T. Dawson ; Rees & Deal!; Stovall, Simmons & Co.; G. H. Thompson;* I. S. Beers & Co.; D’Antig nac & Hill; R. McDonald; J, P, Seize; D. B. Hadly; W. Hattisr; A. Cunningham; Cress & Turpin; L. Dw-clle; J. R. Hall; J. Norton; A. Reed; 11. Aldrich; W. & J. Nelson; Kerrs & Hope;o. & J. Carmichael; Rankin, Boggs & Co.; Pomioj-, Collins; Sibley & Crapon,J. W. Stokes; G. Parrott; S. D. Clark & Co.; J. F. Benson; 11, L. Jeffers. COMMERCIAL. ~ Latest dates from Liverpool ,. Avgust 4 Latest dates from Havre,... j u [y 31 New Orleans, Sept 5. Cotton. —Arrived since the Ist instant, of Lou isiana and Mississippi, 1621 bales—Tennessee and North Alabama, 1 ; together 1622 bales : none hav ing been cleared in the meanwhile, we add this a mount tc the stock, which leaves on hand, inclu sive of all on ship-board not clcard on the 4th inst a stock of 14,690 bales. STATEMENT OF COTTON. Stock on hand Ist Oct. 1839 16307 Receipts last three days, 1622 “ Previously 932142 934034 Exports last three days, _ “ Previously, 935651 * 935651 Stock on hand, ~14600 The market has been quite animated Vince our last review, and fully 930 bales have than-ed hands, a majority has been of the new cron The total receipts of this description amount at mesont to aDout3,oUo bales; and the sales of week having pretty well tested the market we are ena bled to give the following quotation <a > Barely Fair to Fair, 91 a Kullj- Fair, . . Uc Good Fair, J ,J C tIJVr l 1 i be per 9 civcd that tills' is V reduction on the first transactions of new cotton of fully £ to 4 Onr quotations for old cotton, we will leave unal- tered for the present; IhPy are, liph ese than nominal. The sales of the week ninou i to About 13 0 bales, and for the )*st three ihy, before stated ti about 900 bales, am mg whciiwc notice more pirticularly the following transient*! of the new crop —312 bales Louisiana Vu , V Jots, at Corn 10 a 170 at 9j. Os the old crop w c observe GGba V. Louisiana, at 9s; 15 at 7; 137 at 9|; 2 at ?J. 71 at 7; 90 at 9*; 24 Miss, at 7J; 19 at 6f, J bales at 6j. 1 HVF.RrOOI CLASSIFICATIONS. Louisi na and Mississippi —Ordinary 6 3 ft ~i middling, 8 8|; fair, 9$ 0 10; good’ tan Q<\ e2 00; good and fine 00 0 uO. J'eun sse and Vo V Alaltoma —Ordinary, 63 07; middling 7? (.. -f [0V01? H> s '*" l fiUr ’ 00 ® 00i *"* 4 Sugar. This article continues to maintain very fnm and healthy appearance, and is i n Vp * good request, at the full quotations of our last r view. The sales since then cmbiacc about 2?n hhds. mostly for export, at prices vary in- - 0 7 which we quote as the extremes of Hi,. ket. ma ‘* Molasses —We have no alteration to make • pricey the demand has rather improved with j ti 1 " last week. Prices remain firm at 18 cent* V , e quoted. ‘ ’ as las Flour. —The increased anivals this week I somewhat depressed the market, and we ntnv ~!,'' Ve superfine at $6 0 $6 25, with a rather dovrnwaid tendency. The latter rate is generally maintain, a for sales to a small extent. d Whiskey. —There is hut very little demand f-, r this article. Small of rectified are effertH at 24c. on the Levee, and 25c. from stoic, ts stock is very large. * 1,( Bacon. —The stock of this article is very lieu and but little airivii g. Sales arc entirely confined to home consumption. Hams, canvassed pu £ 14c.; uncanvansed, ll 0 sides, 10fViV shoulders. 7$ 0 Bc. * ,c ; ma it Ink t KTElxitfioNciT' Savabnah. Septembers. A? rived Sl.ip Lotus, Lccke, Liverpool; tri* j tleanor, Johnson. Baltimore; brig Pliilura, Sum mcis, N. York ; biig Savannah, Shapter, N. y 0 k schooner Antelope. Gifford, New York; schooner Eagle, Kinncar, Boston. September 9. Arrived— Batk Louisa, Woodside, Ghent; brie- Augusta, Sawyer, Portland, Me.; brig Madison Stewart, New Y’oik. . Charleston, September 10. Cleared. —schr. Thames, Axworthy. Boston. ‘ FREE BAR RECITE. The friends of Hasbison, Tyler and Reform will give a Free Barbecue at Spring Hill, seven miles from Augusta, oft the Louisville Road, on Saturday the 19th instant. The t ongressional and Electoral candidates, of both political parties, have been specially invited, and the discussion will be open to all. The citi zens of Richmond and the adjoining counties, and of Hamburg and its vicinity are lespectfully invit ed to attend, withouiYlistinction of party. HARRISON, TYLER AND UEFCHIJI BARBECUE, At Appling, Columbia co., on Thursday , 17/3 inst. A general invitation is extended to our fellow citizens, without distinction of party; and wo chal lenge those who have chaigcd the Whig partw with “ amalgamating with the Abolitionists in the support of William Henry Harrison for the Piesi dency,” to meet 03 on that day, in Public and Free discussion, and sec whether or no they can make good their charge, before a tree and enlightened public. The company of the Ladies is icspcctfully soli cited, and ample provision will be made for their accommodation. The Committee, TH 1; Si Bi r oit ffl 5; 15 . SECOND PROSPECTUS. The unparalleled success with which our enter prise has met, lias induced us to increase out ex ertions in the good cause. In ord r, therefore, to induce our fr.cnds to form clubs for the promotion of the cause, we shall, after the first of August, reduce the price to FIFTY’ .CEN’I S a copy, or two copies for ONE DOLLAR. Those, therefore, who desire to have then names enrolled on our list should have them here mtim Let our fiicnds be vigilant and active, and our success is certain. All the people want is light, if we have a corresponding efToit on the part of the friends of Reform, they shall have light. AUGUSTUS REES, ATTORNEY AT LAW, sept 5- ly Madison, Morgan county, Ga. JOHN R. STANFORD, ATTORNEY AT LAW, j.V 17] Clarkesville, Ga. B. H. OVERBY, ATTORNEY AT LAW, feb 25 Jefferson, J acksou county, Ga. C3* EXCHANGE ON NEW YORK—At sight, and at one to twenty days sight. For sale oy nov 23 GARDELLE x Dr. (. B. DILL offers his professional ser vices to the citizens of Augusta and its vicinity-- He will be found at ;hc Drug Btoreof J. L. Houston, sept 8 3m ROBERT Y. HARRIS, Attorney at Imw, Augusta, Ga., Has removed his office to the Law Range, door over the Post Office. He wilt practice in the diffeient Courts of Richmond county, and in the Su perior Courts of Burke, Columbia, Warren and Hancock. July 28 if__ \ CT Miss TRAIN will resume her School at Summerville on the first Monday in November, aug 12 ‘ tl | (O'Hr. GARDNER, formerly resident surgeon | n the New York Hospital, and physician at hol e* vue Hospital, New Y’ork, tenders to the public his professional services. Office in Washington street, between Broad and j Ellis streets Residence, United States Hotel, ap 2 THE READING ROOM Attached to this office is open to subscribers, strangers introduced by them, every day and eve ning (Sunday evenings excepted) until 9 o’clock. | Subscription $5 ; for a firm of two or more sl°' I C Zf -Dr. W. S. JONES tenders his profession 3 1 services to the citizens of Augusta and its vicinity lie may be found at his office. No. 214 Broad W | or at nis residence. United States Hotel, ap 2t QC? Dr. J. J. WILSON has removed for the I Summer to the house of James Gardner, Esq-, l ?l J door below the Academy. june 5 I