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nv ro MIKE A LARGE COTTON CROP.
,fr .wi •» trueir ym '«•* t&t A * n y ~t ,r Jl ~"
ns üßproremeßt, waeu ii shall have auain
- aiithed vtate of pertectiun contemplaie
-u it.n •! ro&a'to* ' in planting, under which
land Je-iguei for cotton lies the previous
in the state of fallow which is loan i by ex
-tl._e most favorable to me growm ant iruh
or me plam 1 commence me prepara
operation- so. planting about the 1-t of
ch. by spreading upon the land br».i /or?.*' two
_ hauared bushels of manure per acre—
-toex vai a an.! stable compost. 1 then run
on me lan-i in row s of three feet with a scooter
pk>w, opening a good furrow sonic LUree to £>ur
mcae> ueep; mis done 1 take a large sized sho
vel plow and cru» U»c sender furrows by row s,
mnniiig at right angles, ol die wide. lam
iHepafel to com;neiice mamiring m the
ittli iiu.ma nrsi ascertained that 1 have - doPt
niU- on each acre, which will require, by giving
each hill a half gallon ui manure—same siud
of comp ’-l —I* 4 ! oa»nels* nearly, which i haul
on me land in a can, nisi graduated to a certain
number a ba-uels and with -pades likewise
prepared tor the purpose. 1 Jepo-iT the requi-ii!.
u namin' of manure in each hill. By this means,
waich in practice will be found simple and ex
peditious enough, 1 give tour to five hundred
bushels of manure to each acre —in infatHMe in
uai>t ’ for 3tkW lb* of a superior staple pier
acre As the manure is placed in the hill by
rows, the w uk way. a short distance in advance,
ago •ipior va l l follows with amm plow, which
•hodld ran into the soil from or u> eight in:krs
at Lasi, and turn well, with which lour tui
row s are thrown together on each row; thus fix
ing the half gallon of manure in each hill, en
tirely within the rcsiom as condo,n* OMhuf. —
This gives me a one. large bed, and well broke
to lie until at or about me first of April, when
ihe cotton seed should be planted. This is done
- nv first opening the beJ as shallow as po--ihle
with some amnimem «ueh as that described by
M. \V. Philip>. Esq. in the March number of
trie 9th vol. of me Cultivator. This 1 prefer to
anv other instrument of the kmd I have ever yet
,»cef.‘ ; since its depth of furrow may be graduated
to a positive certainty so as to avoid disturbing
the manure in the hill; it should not be opened
•at deeper than one inch. The bed thus open
ed. and the seed previously rolled in leeched ash
es or sand, which answer very well, though I
prefer a compound of two part' of ashes to one
of common salt made moist with water the
seed, well rolled in this, are carefully dropped
over the manure. Eight or ten seed in a place
will answer toseeure a stand. There will be no
difficult .* in dropping the seed over the manure
in the hill, when it is recollected and observed
that upon the unbroken space of some two feet
between each row. the scooter furrows will be
found an unerring guide to the manure in the
bed at distances of three feet. The seed thus
dropped I prefer to have covered with a hoe,
ligktty anicarefully; bearing in mind this golden
truth, that a crop well planted i< half made.’’—
immediately after planting, the middles or un
broken balks should be plowed our: The crop
of cotton thus planted, which should not exceed
three io four acres to the hand, may be performed
in g.xid time and well done. In a few dav-. -av
cine to twelve, the cotton will be up, presenting
a most healthy and thrifty appearance. The
next operation to be performed, as earlv a.s pos
sibly convenient, i- to plough out the middles
■cjU, the wide way, with a good shovel plough,
having first run around the young plant with a
scooter plough. The hoe hands follow aud thin
the cotton down to two stalks, giving it a small
quantity of soil. This operation xnell done , the
plant is at once placed beyond all danger, since
its tap-root will now have taken such hold upon
the manure below as to enable the plant to out
strip either grass 0 r weeds, having vet to > »rin»
up.
Under this treatment, the tihi xonsMung and
worse than useless operations of bar-shear in s',
scraping and chopping out are saved, as much to
the benefit of the render plant, as to the interest
•and economy of the planter, in despatching the
hurry and push at this stage of the crop; and at
the conclusion of this first working. 1 have inv
ention growing otf and doing well. I have now
no turther use for a plough in it- subsequent cul
ture but use the siccep —a kind of horse-hoe I
call it a sweep in the absence of a more appro
priate name.
[Here follows a wood cm representation of the !
sweep, a kind of plough used by some planters
the South. ’The one here recommended is (
made by welding two narrow wings over the
point ol a scooter or bull tongue, inclining back
wards, with the ends ot the wings two feet apart, i
L is so fixed upon the stock (that of a common
shovel plough) that it will not enter the ground
than one inch, if so deep.]
The -great and -Jugular advantages of the
-weep over all instruments of the plough, har
row or hoe kind that I have ever used, are these
—that it will kUL a greater quantity of grass and
weeds in a given time, and do less injury to tke
sir/fax routs of the plant, so essential to its pro
gressive prosperity. The hoe-hands following
this instrument, thin the couon to a stand, one
s'a! 1 : in a place, and draw up a small quantity of
*>il to the standing plant. The entire subse
quent culture is performed with the sweep and
hoe, which should simply scrape and pulverize
the surface, so as to kill any grass and weeds
that may appear, and allow a. free circulation of
atmospheric air to the fibrous roots of the fntit
. ing stalk, requiring at this critical period all the
- aid and nourishment that culture, soil and at
mosphere can afford. By the first of Julv my
cotton stands from five to nine feet high, and 1
have it topped by the 10th at farthest, after which
I run the sweep once through it, and the hoe if
necessary, to remove auv grass that may have
sprung up immediately above the stalk. After
this, and bv this time frequentlv in places the
cotton will be so much interhicked, and the
ground so shaded, as to keep down all Jot her ve
■ gelation yet it may be found necessary again
to chop about in places with the hoe, when the
cotton may not have locked so early. This
should be invariably attended to. This brings
us again to the season of harvesting the staple.
Let no planter prejudge and reject this sys
tem. upon the score of simplicity, supposing the
pmc?ss too simple to accomplish the object pro
posal; first, act wisely, make the experiment and
try it Strictly follow this plain and simple pro
cess. and if the land does not reward your pains-
uvki&g, vtiii Jis*sr i«-;.w r. ..j ■ '» 4!l
a suprnor staple, than ha- al any previou- -ea
son been taken from it. m it- natural -late I will
present the experimenter with o*' L*s*ei ot »»>
i mproecd seed, with which to perfect the experi
ment At another time I propope devoting a
paragraph to the importance oi saseti***** '*•-
pravtMS cotton see.; .
’ It Viq be observed that manuring constitute
a large item in this system ot improvement a
source of revenue too much underrated by plan
vrs and too much neglected, be
cau-e the -übject require- a little extra attention
; which attention i- so essential to the prosperity
and well-doing of a farm Nor. gentlemen have
I -een anv thing better -aid. oi more true, than
I find in the sentiment, under the headol
qtt'nes. in the last December Cultivator, where
you re mart to the planter and tanner "In your
manures is vour gW-d Mint, more valuable ihau
anv of the Carolina ones, and you should be
anxious to increase mem accordingly* But I
hear some planters say —"it is impossible to pro
duce -si much manure —this is. however the re
-ull of Inexperience, and the want ol detemumo
i turn. lam enrirelv convinced, irom my experi
ence in making manure, that it i- not only prac
ticable. but a perlr. tlv easy task to prepare upon
even* plantation in the colt n reguc*. t*r
small 1500 bushels of an excellent article ot com
; ix*>t, per annum, to the hand—at a co-t ol less
than two cent- per bu.-hei —by the a—i-lance «.■!
the stock ui horn's, cow- and hog-, upon pro
perly arranged lot-. This isdotie by having the
f. <s well littered, by throwing in pine straw , in
large quantities and liequently. or oak leave-,
where the pine straw i- n>*t to be had. w ith c«.*ti»*n
and corn-stalk-. Ac , and occasionally haul and
-carter up>>u the litter a lew load- ol muck or
marl, one or both of which may be found on or
near every farm in the country, upon these lots,
pen and feed vour stock every night. The ma
nure thus prepared, should be collected in pens
I or pit-, three or lour times during the year, alter
j heavv falls of rain, and the lot- replenished with
1 pine -traw. Ac. —bv thi- mean- a very large
amount of manure i- collected during the sea
-on, and that too. at an inappreciable cost
Again we hare another difficulty: there are but
: few person- who believe that pine -traw can be
) con verted into manure, for the benefit and infor
mation of such, who may read this permit me
to quote a single sentence from Liebeg s cele
brated work upon Agricultural chemistry.—
• The harK and foliage of oak- contains from ti
to H percent of potash. The needles of firs and
pine- eight per cent.” But it i- not on account
of the potash exclusively, that I prefer pine
-traw to all other vegetable matter, in the prepa
ration of manure—ince it possesses another in
valuable quality above all other-, in absorbing
the juice- of the manure, which are thu- saved
from evaporation, and readily applied to the
land. I doubt not but a -ingle year’s experience
will convince every intelligent planter of the in
numerable advantages of this improvement, and
ii> perfect adaption to the culture of cotton and
other crops
I will now close this number by a very few re
mark- upon the character and quality oi the -oil
upon which my experiments have been conduct
el It is a high ridge land, readily recognized,
and it- quality distinctly understood, in our south
ern country, under the name of • fork i-\ of,
toad-jack, pine-barren'' a deep, jvorou-. sandy
superstratum, lying under a tolerable g«xxl clay,
at a distance ot two to three feel below the sur-
I fdce. A true picture of nature, and naturally
poor enough. This land, under the treatment
above detailed, grew my cotton, from which I
have gathered a greater number of pounds per
acre, (indeed almost double.) than I have ever
seen recorded, is in it- natural state, inferior to
the average quality of cotton land, by at lea-!
one half. I might refer you, if necessary. t.>
more than one hundred gentlemen, planters from
Georgia and Alabama, who have examined mv
experiments carefully, and several of them at
various Stages of its growth, and with one gene
ral consent, pronounced it a fair te-t. and a great
improvement. I have, from several stalks that
grew on the three acres, in the proper places,
taken 3) to 4 lbs. of cotton, carefully trashed. —
In the perfection of this improvement, vet in a
state of great crudens-s. when even’ stalk upon
the acre (*2340) shdl mature equallu ir-:U , what
may I reasonably calculate to gather?
“ Nil desperandmn.
Poswunt quia, posse videntur.’’
N B. Cloud. M D
Planters Retreat. Ala., Dec. 26, I*l2.
TRANSLATIONS FROM THE GERMAN
Graff Vine Cuttings.—Trie superintendent
of the gardens of the Duke of W eimar, em
ploys with success, the following method of pro
p*agaiing the more choice varieties of wine and
table grape-, bv means of cutting-. He select
from among the stalk- and branches cut away
: m fall and spring, such as are of suitable diam
eter —say from j to i inch—and have well ri
pened wood. The-e he cuts in pieces in mid
way between the buds, and split- each piece
lengthwise, preserving the bud uninjured. The
halves containing the buds are then placed with
the tlat side on a bed of well prepared garden
mould, gently pressed down level with the -ur
face. and co.ered with moss, or a laver of fine
leaf mould. Thus planted, the cuttings speedi
ly strike root, it the bed be kept moist by occa
sional waterings, and properly shaded, without
obstructing the circulation of the air.
Cuttings similarly prepared, though not split,
readily strike root and produce vigorous plants,
if their ends be dipped in melted sealing-wax,
and they be planted in good garden soil, cover
ing them in to the depth of half an inch. The
ground must be kept moist, and free from weeds.
Grafting.—M. Schroer recommends using a
branch of common willow, an inch or two in di
ameter, in the following manner, as a matrix for
receiving the grafts of such variety if apple,
pear or quince trees, as it is desirable to multi
ply. Make longitudinal cuts or slits through the
branch, at equal distances of 15 or 18 inches.—
Take grafts having two perfect buds, give the
lower end the usual wedge shape using a keen
knife, and insert them in the slits ol the willow,
making the lower bud .-it close to the slit. Then
bury the branch in a trench formed in good gar
den soil of such depth as will pennit the ujiper
buds to protrude just above the surface of the
ground, when the trench is again filled. The
ground must be watered occasionally if the sea
son be dry, and weeds must be carefully extirpa
ted whenever they appear. In the spring of the
following vear. the branch may be taken up and
HINTS TO FARMERS.
A fanner should never undertake to cultivate
more land than he can do thoroughly; half tilled
land is growing poorer; well tilled land is con
stantly improving.
A farmer should never keep more cattle, hor
ses, sheep or hogs, than he can keep in good or
der, an animal in high order the first of Decem
ber, is already half wintered.
A tarmer should never depend on his neighbor
lor what he can, by care and good management,
piuduce on his own farm: he should never beg
fruit while he can plant trees, or borrow tools
when he can make or buy them—a high author-
Jtv has said the borrower is servant to the leader.
A farmer should never be so immersed in jx»-
utical matters as to forget to sow his wheat, dig
hi- potatoes and bank them up in his cellar! nor
-h >uld he be so inattentive to them as to lie ig
norant of those great question- of national and
State policy which w ill always agitate, more oi
less, a free people.
No fanner should allow the reproach of ne
glected education to lie against himself or fami
ly; if knowledge is power,” the commencement
should be early and deeply laid in the minds of
hi- children.
A farmer -hould never u-e intoxicating li
quors a.- a drink; it. while undergoing >evere fa
tigue and the hard labor of the summer, he would
eiiiot robust health, let him fie temperate in all
things,
A fanner should never refuse a fair price for
anything he want< to sell; we have known a
man who had several hundred bu-hels of wheat
U) dispose of, relume eigta shilling' ana 'ix pence,
and after keeping his wheat -i\ month." wa>
glad to cel sii, shillings for it.— f\ ( ■ ■> r
briLUKi! Ci re for \ Foi ndkbkd Horse
—ls your horse founders overnight, in the mot
ningiaice a pint of nos- - iard, put it in a
and mate it boiling bot. clean his hoofs well, set
hi< foot in the lard Heat it for each hoof boil
ing hot: take a spoon ana put the fat over the
bocf as near the hair as p-ossible. and he will he
hi far use in three hours if it i" done early in the
morning It is better to remove the horse >
shoe, but I have made several cures without. I
hare triad this on many horses during a peri cut
of fifteen years, ana have never failed.
Horse Shoes —Many of the leaders of the
Cultivator are aware that some two or three
ves r> since, a patent va> taken out by Mr. Bur
ner. of Tim for machinery intended to manu
facture liorse "hoe- Circumstances prevented
Mi Burden from perfecting his plans at the
line, and it has not been until lately, that he ha'
found leisure to return to the subject. He ha>
done it. however, and the result i' that with hi'
machinery be i' able to produce a more perfect
shoe than can be made in any other way. with a
rapidity which may well astonish thi.se accus
tomed only to the former slow and laborious
methods The regulating the size of the siK*e.
punching the nail holes, turning the heel corks,
forming and welding on the steel u«e coiks. are
all peridnne.t by machinery. and will* a perfec
tion and accuracy the eye and liana are unable
to attain Five different 'ized'h.x-s aie turned
out by machinery, thus securing a proper fit to
feet of different sized horses, wiihout heating 01
other trouble. Mr. Burden uses none but the
very best Swedes iron, of consequence the qual
ilv of his shoes will he firu rate
There are probably very few who have pro
perly considered the iznpoi lance of ihe horse
<hoe manufacture to the country, or the quantity
of iron consumed in that produc t. The census
gave the number of hor-es at about lour millions
three hundred thousand. Foi the whole, it will
not be uki much to allow two set- of 'h.*es an
niallv. which ai the ordinal y weight of horse
'hex*' would use at least twenty-five thousand
to i' of iron and 'tcel. It i' verv jaobable the
shoes of Mr Butden will soon be found occupy
ing ihe market extensively, if not exclusively,
arid the estimate has been made that hv their
acoption, the cost of shoeing horse' can lie re
duced one half. Any saving of this kind will
be extensively and beneficially left. and bv none
more so than by the farmer. —CW/irvt//. .
— l ■■■*. . ■ ■ r «
vChvoititlc and Sentinel.
AIGIST A .
WEDNESDAY MORNING, MARCH 22.
i olton i alture in India.
The last of ihe series of letters upon this in
lerc'iing subject will be found in our j ape of
ibis morning. The New Orleans T ropi. ." in
which they originally appeared, savs:
We deem ii nothing more than an act of jus
tice to state that the papers on cotton culture
have been w ritten by T H Wolfe fcNq., now a
talented young lawyer of this city, who formed
one of the party that went to the Erot Indies un
der the auspices of the East India government.
In what has been published this gentleman ha
manifested - powers of accurate observation,
acute discrimination, and forcible description lo
th** highest extentcreditable lo his abilities, and
auguring great success in his present profession.
Tylerism.
ihe National Intelligencer ol the l.sih inst.
say-—A great excitement has been produced at
New Brunswick, in \«w J«rs«y,. by Uie remo
val from office of Samuel C. Cook, Postmaster
for that city—a gentleman against whom there
i' no just ground ol complaint, political or oth
er—and appointing in his place a person named
John Simpson, of whom we know nothing, bui
who, it is averred, besides }>eing an ultra politi
cian ot the Locofoco school, did, during the
canvass ol info, denounce not only Gen. Har
rison, but Tyler too. as a traitor to Jackson
isni dec. A meeting of the citizens of New
Brun'wick. without distinction of party, was
held at the Court-house on the evening of the
13th inst., the Mat or ol the city in the chair.
Resolutions expressing the nearly unanimous
-entimem ot the town in condemnation ot the
removal were adopted
Inteifcrence lo the reign of proscription, ol
which the above case may be taken as one of
the tokens, the Washington correspondent of
the Baltimore Patriot, apparently well informed,
w rites under date of March Ifi, as follow s ;
•• Every man who has any regard for the dig
nity of the Government must deplore he low
state to which the standard of appointment to
office has fallen- -a lact of which the lobbies arm
ante-rooms of the Executive Mansion continue
to give abundant illustration in the crowds of
broken-dowm politicians and shabby adventur
ers that prowl to and fro and besiege the door of
the Presidents office. The Madisonian's talk
of ‘change’ has brought these persons here."’
The National Intelligencer of the 18th inst.
says: —The Snow, which fell in this city on
Thursday last from noon until about midnight,
lay ujion a level, yesterday morning, some
twelve inches deep, having drifted in places to
the depth of four or five feet. The bain of cars
from B iltimore arrived within five or six miles
of this city at 8 o'clock on Thursday night, and
there stuck fast; nor did they reach the citv un
til five o'clock last evening. The mail due on
Thursday night was brought into the city from
the cars about noon of yesterday.
The Southern Mail of Thursday evening ar
rived here in due season; but neither ot the
mails due last evening had arrived when we
went to press.
Prospects of Mr. Gcxy — The Alexandria
Gazette, whose opinions on all subjects are ever
entitled to respect, ami particularly in regard to
political prospects, always speaking of such
with abundant caution, says;— ‘ We take occa
sion to say that never, in our opinion, were the
prospects ol Mr. Clay lor the attainment of the
high office to which his friends seek to elevate
him, brighter than they are at present—never
were tht.se friends so united, zealous, and en
thusiastic. All that is wanting is tbr that union
and enthusiasm to continue, and, if possible, in
crease. .is a band of brothers joined, firm, uni
ted let us stand.” Let them revive the glorious
days of 1840 for the great man of the people!”
»iTr GA I ME --- Aller tr >'[M two years
what could be done with the Whig party, by
giving them stnne of the offices of the Govern
ment, and finding that th ft party was ioconupti
bfo and could not be Tutorized., the Adminis
ration commences ms new game, bv attempting
the same scheme w ith the Loco Foco party ho
ping tor better success in that quarter Bin the
indications are any thing but favorable The
appointment of Mr. Porter, for instance, as feec
rcur. of W ar, is denounced by the Loco Foco
papers of Pennsylvania, as a base scheme to
distract and divide the Democracy of the State
bat which wall, nevertheless, urterh fail in so
intended enect — Ale. Ga~.
/V ihe Cnronidt uua
Mr Guieu’s correspondent takes a most “i
••v ii ions method ol recommending a canau.au
krlteiMvorahy. u r on
lev He recite' the qualifications ot Mt. n" ‘
] /s lb. tat office: but. as that gentleman is not
v « ■«./■ he seems to (w un
it saving so) that objections tu his election ate
not vet in order. Well,-be it -o. But it m
cenaiftlv in order to examine the qualification'
which gratuitously thrust before the
public. One w ord, in regard to ilit'in
s h p ar ged that we want a Mayor who will
not be a party officer. —Granted. It •> -aid Mr.
p will supply 'hat want. —Doubted. 1 in*
thing that hath teen/ says Solomon, is tha 1
which shall be—and iheie is no new thing
under the Sun. ' Now. /guess, that w hen Mr.
p i'Mayor, his course, in party mattei', w ill
be much as it has always been; am! the history
ot the last eighteen months shows how that i>.
For example —
1 ||e wa> a zealous advocate lot the cele
brated "Hoii-e ol Lords act. But,
When John W. Walker opposed Andrew
! Miller for tl»e Senate, on the '«de ground of
his voting tor that law, (as Mr. Phinizy ladde
red him to do.) Mr. P. exerted all his influ
ence, in support ot Mr. Walker.
3 W hen the cr\ ol -nee sufijage'iiad serv
ed its turn, Mr. Phinizy made every effort to
change the time ot our city election, from April
to Sej teijdxi—and why ? •/ ',n 0u.m.0l
■ >dsore thro regularly absent.
If such a man will make a Mayor. K-Hkout
ftorlu; he w ill disprove another proverb, which
if it w ant- the inspiration, has all the practical
wisdom ol Solomon—“// ts Haro to U<r i rm obi
(joe. uetr fru'ls. U.
l>estructiun «»t a— l > itre»
By the arrival on the 14tU inst. at New Or
leans, ol the French ship .S hj os tioi.l Guaila
loupejdirect, in Is days, we ate in t»t
the tollowing iniete'tiiig corresjxuidence ol ti.e
N. O. Courier.
Tit (hr Editor oj in, Cui t :
Sir —When, three yearn I e.iite.i, in New
York, a French paper, callea the In iicaleur,’
and you, by letter, invited me to an exchanged'
correspondence. I little antici] aied drat the ii;st
theme occupying my jvn. would lx* one so
moumlul and disastrous as that lam ate.at to
enter upon. I allude to the total destruction ot
Point-a-Pitre, by an earthquake and by site.
On the Bth ot February al»out half past 10 o'-
clock, a frightful earthquake threw down all the
houses and walls in the town of Point-a-Pitre.—
After a terrible minute of mortal anxiety, the
trembling ol the earth ceased, and then arose on
all sides the most heart-rending cries. For a
moment, a cloud of dust made it impossible to
distinguish objects; but in a short time the wind
dispersed the dust, and the eyes of the few 'itr
vivors tell on heaps of bodies horribly mutila
ted ; some still alive, and others quite dead.
A stupor for a moment seemed to paralize the
tongues and the limbs ot those who had escaped
unhurt —they looked at each other like idiots.—
Suddenly, cries broke forth. “My child!'’ “my
father! “my wife!’’ and then all wete in motion
in search of those they held most dear.
No longer could any streets be traced, tor all
were filled up Ky the tuins of the houses, ol
which none remained standing but a lew built
of wood. After a long and painful search among
the heaps ot ruin', a few persons were taken
out alive.
The questions asked, while this was going on.
were truly heart-rending: “Have you seen my
mother?” “She has been crushed to death.”
“Haue you not met with my children? “They
were found under the ruins." “oh tell me.
w hat has become of my wife?" She has l>eeri
dashed to pieces.”
Others stopped close to the spot where lately
-tood their dwellings—with their hands clasped
together, and on bending knees they called lot
aid: “My mother is there, buried alive under
the ruins —she calls—help me to get lu-i out."
“1 am seeking my own mother,” wa> perhaps
the reply, and he had been called on to a id, went
hi* own wav.
In all the roads, heads, arms, and were
seen sticking out—the rest of the body being held
as in a vice. And those heads, arms and
trampled on by their fellow-townsmen’
who were searching after their own relations.
Three thousand dead, and two thousand mu
tilated bodies had been taken from the ruins
and many nore remained untouched eight days
after the disaster.
When they heard ol this frightful calamity
the people of the neighboring islands hastened
t 0 8611,1 or hnng aid and succor. Subscriptions
were everywhere opened, and all rushed for
ward to pul dow n their names. Even the poor
est among the poor, hastened to contribute his
mne.
In the meantime, food was wanted Not a
|dore or ware-house had escaped the wreck.
1 me a lew trame houses remained standing
but flames had burst out from the ruins and
what the earthquake had spared, was now rapid
h consumed by fire. Nothing then was saved:
but the lives ol a lew human beings, who<e
minds were oppressed with recollections of the
scenes they had witnessed.
The night of theßth was frightful. While
he flames were completing the work of de-tnic
lon those who had escaped sought repose after
the lat igues and alarms of the day. The stout
est had fled to the adjacent plantations, earning
cha le'!./ 1 . t, S ’^' hape A cl ‘ il,l > P erha P s wmf
chattle snatched Irom the fire. Othei s had re
paired on board the vessels in the harbout The
nilhts. fire cominued hurnil ‘K 'wo days and
organized * ’ t ■ prov ‘* ' ona * adminisiralion «as
Sing. e di,id "“ lared - ,m worye, genin'?
lj“Sr of,his S,a,e 01 -mnta.
No questions arose as to w here
were bound for. It sufficed if o f . s
emigrant could be
remained, but those who Veie ti^f'dc
some pow erful motive duwn b . v
The people of Maninico c ave thp Lin . t
ce P , ,o n to , W who
Match 13, 184.3, TESTUT,
wiS igo W ?ta. , Z > imh a , t Gua ' la| o“pe. three
W* Sf
T^: t e T h ? uake o^’^dfpSar"'
Extract of a letter dated
<'ur fine
shaken t., its foundation ami #• , a has be m
the remnants. T| lf . p . ie as fonsnrned
places to the w idlh of four foot m man . v
' hp wounded having had heb i- bout l(m o1
h'*ve since died. The J ,] 1 hs am P u iated.
a I rightful smell ,te 01 die town emits
three numbers of the “AvExiyn 'p r^ eipt of
published at Point a Petre'sevemi *
'; i 6 «iasjrophe. and says; '‘ ‘ a>sa,terthe
»‘he numbers before us are nr i .
uh articles, letter- pr.Wa n b olutfc| y «Hed
> proclama and official
.. ul i,njUliicaliO«i'. •' ; ‘ ■- Ui: - 1 ■“ a " ltU '
The proclamation ol -M. Goiii'b*eyrc. Goycin
ul j»l Gaudaloupe, published on the 1 Ithul Fel
i U arv three Jay-, alter the disaster, mentions
t:iat#Ve* kvn'vm! persons had been extracted
irorn the ruins alive.
At the last account famine threatened to de*-
t ...... the miserable remnant ot citizens the eat th
(iuakeand iiic had spared. So complete anti over
whelming had been the calamity, that provisions
enough could not l>e found to turnish a scanty
meaHo the survivors, and the authorities were
doling out a fev. mouldy biscuits and -alt fish
10 the^starving inhabitants. We leant however
with {leasuie, that the sympathies of the people
~j Martinique and all the neighboring i*les had
aroused and they were hastening succors to
their devastated neighbor. No pen can adequate
lv depict the horrors ol this visitation.
Correspondence of the A. O. 7 'ropic.
Cotton Culture irt India.
NT MBEK VII.
’C<> the Editors of the Tronic:
Ido not wish to lx? understood as writing a
tirade against the Anglo Indian Government.
Ibf sins are sufficiently glaring without the fi
gures of rhetoric, or the coloring-* ol fancy. 1
wish, by a plain statement of fat i* : to place the
question ol competition, in the cultivation ol
cot mi. between this country and Inuia. in the
light of truth —proposing liicreby to quiet lire
apprehensions of the people ol the cotton grow
ing regions ol this country —anti to forestall any
undue depression in the trade, or unwholesome
intiuence that lie produced by hastily
formed opinions, or the misrepresenialions or
boasts ol Englishmen.
In the last number, I made a very general al
lusion to the aversion the Hindoos entertain to
co-operate with the Government in the introduc
tion of Improvements of any kind, and the
causes ol that aversion. Improvements of real
service to a country, must be taken up by the
tradesmen and farmers. In these two sphere*
of industry, there nau>i l*e a co-operation, else
there will he no success —they mutually minis
ter to, and sustain one another. These two pop
ular and most useful cia*-t* ol the people ol
India, are the iao-1 ignorant, degeneraie and oj>
pre-sed of all others. The Brahmin enjoy* a
superior stand amongst men, derived Irum lire
sac red ness of hi* vocation, and freely yielded
bv the universal accord ol all other classes.
The merchant and bar :er pa-* their live* in
luxurious ease amid.*i iheir piles of ill-gotten
wealth. The soldier, the mercenary wretch
who sell* his country lor a pittance, an.’: spends
a lile in lorging the chains that are to fasten in
bondage an unborn j osteiiiy, i> ranke i next in
station and dignity to the God-like Brahmin.
But tire farmer, whose ain hie in most countries
is the sanctuar y ol in dependence, intelligence, in
dustry and virtue, is here the biding place of ig
norance, indolence, and he himselt live- in a
cringing, ■ serviency to all othe r or
ders of men. This is a strange and an anoma
lous condition of society, peculiarly destructive
ot those wholesome balances and checks, on
which so much depend the prosperity of a peo
ple.
The highest and only wholesome incenti v e to
industry and improvement, is the protection ol
property'. The must discouraging, depressing,
and destructive feature of any government, i*
the want of this protection, hr no countr y i>
thi* latter featnie more lamentably the < a-e,
than in India. This leads at once to a discus
sion of the jurisprudence <>f the country, bn:
for my present object, it is not necessary to take
so wide a range. 1 will notice a few only ol
the abuses ol the Government bearingon this
subject.
”1 he foreign position of the country, the abso
luteness ol the rule, and lae general character
of the lunclionaries all contribute to make the
Government ol India an irresponsible one. And
the shadow doe:- Rot more certainly follow its
substance, than doe* abuse the exercise of j-ow
er without responsibility. One of the most effi
cient sources of revenue, i* the taxation of land.
The tenures of land are various rn different
paii- of the country. Cut in no part i- the hold
er of land entirely secure in hi* p: .'sessions. It
seems a slander to assert that any of the sub
jects ot the English r ule aredepriv'ed of their
possessions by the assurnj li.*n of might, yvt it
is true. Xuinlec of the natives pv.s*e-s landed
estate* under proprietary title*, derived, some ol
them, from the grants of the former govern
ments, and some are the estates of a wealthy an
cestry, handeu down through a long line of suc
essions. these estate- are the peculiar ob
ject* ol lire rapacity oi the Government. The
system ot taxation is altogether arbitrary', and
its officers in a great measure irresponsible..
Xhe taxes ate trequently *oexorbiram il at the
<>unercannot possibly pay the amount When
this is the case, the lands are seized and sold to
the highest bidder, upon whom ate imposed the
*arne oppressve conditions. If fie does not
promptly discharge them, the land is again sold,
and when no one will buy it. it escheats to the
Government, and become.* a part of the public
iiam, when the collector of revenues makes
the j>est disposal of it he can
Not satisfied with this high-handed and open
robbery the Government gave the principal col
lectors of revenue authority to examine
the tides !>y which individuals held their estates.
All such as were* considered insufficient and rn
vaoa, escheated at once to the Government.
As a consideration lor these extra duties, each
coUecU.r received J percent upon the value of
all the lan- * that should thus fall to the Govern
ment. Jne collector acts in thedoublecaaacitv
ot revenue otneer and magi*iraie.—The manner
ut procedure in the investigation of land titles is
avetv simple one; whenever the collector dis
covers a fine estate, he at once suspects the -en
urneness of the possessor-some pretext is Son
found lor us contestation. In order to' test thi*
whkh whhlh? bel ° rt 'i hira an examination
on theCi h r" eitU argument of* percent
?hr nt ‘ alu " ,<>o olten resu lts in depriving
the union unate native ofbispossessions which
probably his family has enjoyed through i suc
cess, on ut ages. It will be £erceived°that ihe
>. ollectot m these proceedings, is the prosecutor
From
appeal but uis *o expensive that not one man
I'lwntiiousandc 3 !) lake advantage of it. The
oileetoi in las district, is all-powertul—he holds
m his grap the interest ofeverv man under him
By his power he imposes silence on the voice of
f omplamt and shuts the mouth of inquiry. The
J*J ndoo » fill ding himself thus circum
vented and hampered, tries bv conciliation and
to propitiate the hunger of hisdes rover
th £ Per centage andXs
Jerence wuh which the satcl i isrer or Ix.a rdar k
toKe'o! r- U " n ar!>onst ', he P-“Ple. wearing
nadge ot Government— licensed— bribed to 1
commission of frauds,* crimes and oriev,
wrongs on a helpless peoplo-J.^
hey were iher«i,„, (V„ r ,
Lnt this is not Iho most odious nor ~ .s
■e prosperity of,he conn. “ conmne'lTT
the most mischievous feature nibu i ,s . u
dian rule. There is .. T . tlc Anglo-ln
ish Pacha who ,C., Turk
‘ nvrees win, more
'ij ins revenue l-v ( \t cut ion
< -cimtir ' : 'b' !»•«.»
: dr-an' one, and emVbali-ll ?f ) “ tu ’ n ,>R n! “' !
country. To e .vl> r Jii«. • * ° urMi ol die
district of country in
*'■ miles square, over which ' a^ U MX '
' v *»ich he collects ihe taxe ' V j^ uk '- llur
fi • !,10st eligible of his dis lr ; V J ? ? nte 1 nn
-0 ! oters. w here he in K ‘- e has h,s hea d
wuh the revenue? ofh * f onnecled
ni dl fnct, and presides a?
a magistrate. a,„ I
!| ic crop*
makes the circuit ol l I fe 1DB **?? V
,l : ,he y i -m.ij al toml •. S>
nsdictior, i n
1. action of a rcj»iujp lH . J fil "hich “\
agreeably in u, e
and other p a *i ih 1 f .P«O
1 he object of this -,r V
*
mg the govemmom tiv
peious—that n
•alien and lie
conclusion isth a ,- ti [
rate of taxaiion. S
native* to deceive I G Ud ofl
w hich leads to vice anil 1 a f Ven >JhS n 11
oppression and cruelty , | tk re,i 'S
the good result in or ;j '
il« collector might as
he never -oc* tnr, t | lP 1 rei mi D
excursion ororS?'
hea , be arrive* i n an|
,ie se s ids tfimugl, the , Ouri , lon ofhjjS
agents or servants, all S a
government, and al! he kn^^J
1 be.se petty othcets <. O ■ * 01
as *<. manvharpies- in Ml i? tt P ( »«ws
and mercenary The
OI such a servant i 0 ] ljs e ,
and promptitude with wbies
m hi* • visitation and
because upon the abundant, f 5
- Ihe r sP Uiati °n oi the collect
e\c ot the government, r, ‘ f l^
inm* o: tne.*e * u l> ibr-e.* ,r kJ
.be government tax e c •
It requires no eximordinarv r.
,u '"-* ; ,e intolerable
i-‘ as Jsienwbe awoi^Bii^
l > part ol the < dicer*
u rougs sintered by the
ic.-uhs to the country i „
<„
and the hall y? ou u ‘H
but the narrow limit* m wWt
myrelf barely admit m an all !
thi* nature. U!>,&lj N!!j
Noiv, iihsiaiicing all that mmhrG
a-an -t the Ansflo-Indian - OV h
-miethiiig to -aid i u
UwU, *[ h . UI ,he t-nglish rule inibi J " 5 '
ma.-.dy be productive of
lQ i»eea In.m any di*u,*iti o n in r
7 nl on . lhe l ;ar > ol the
the condition of the people™,,*
••'-au- ibem-but from the
a - a '' •AaiionwitbaaeniioEir**
<t* they c.o. tlrc.nrpioveniemsolS
*< jei.ee*. alia learning, and
utiueijce of the Christian M *
* o;.t i.arg coiicealed the acti. r
inma Com j. any from the
undercover, ! which such aJLu
• omrouted, ha* drawn
u, f; the actors on this
to the cnucrsrn* andrepreh^
'. ,IM - T measures of govenlma!
Tu % to he . 'Ubnuttedto andjwujS
j Ut-l.c at lame, and national iridek >1
J“ acr °mp!i*h what the oriel ol hum 2
lh ‘l l i* M e ' f tcason had failed todo.
b*ar 'his papei has grown to*,
1 :- 1 V, 1 Wlil •UreioieiinvtoadßtS
*.-.m ail on ta* subject that 1 intendi t
i 1 ,ia \ e auempurd to set lonisd
: * came unuer my observation to*
; Pi ecl iUi :er consideration.and withtim
l ; r to those who a.e interop
•oe: In da can ever !*e made to comm
A ti.erica - auction of cotton. 1
A E Fhe latest account? I have. $
Irn t a, • .th pi i vate and public, corrob*
Uit ‘ “fdni. ji 1 have advanced,
•; ie I; ‘ - Jl •fi*' very sections ol count in
it wa* >o sanguine)}’ hope] the am
would *ueceed.
Tylerism in New Yuri.
i he Aew A ork * C XTnion," the paperew*
c ! by Major ATah in the city ofjieil#
rr ial Administration joumal,tiisji
1 -hi-*:. It* late subscribers attffifiß
to the A . a morning pennvpape 1
°nlv reason given for this lamenubleai
j-he i* -the difficulty ol nislum** iwm
p*aper.* pursuing the same political cow’
\ eriiy the cau.-eof the Captain nussi
wain in condition, if in such a cittfl
is. m ithall’the Ibrceandserewsofpißis.
die party cannot sustain two/»■»«» pap®
The (’hai lesion Mercury *ay>theTvk.i
I*?rs *t the North 'eein to be all
er. like dew on a cabbage leaf. The.W
Colon ismergei.l in the Aurm- anJtkl*
sielphia Ed f ->tjJ>uriui‘\< unitedritfear*
nin& M mm*. j
i he Philadelphia U. S. Gaatt*’ 1
the English papers make
Richard Carlisle, the infidel puhlkkr* 5
add that he some time *ince made^ u P B *
session i fChristianity.
Poiter Rockwell, the M*®* 1
ha* aocu*e iof l*eing tfcpr. r s« si j
ttnnjiied iti a.*.*;i**iiiaie ex-Govenwt
Missouri, last summer, wa*
Louis on the tlth instant andeuuiiruß® 1
He will ritiv iiave to standiri*trial
Hi A letter frxm
slate? that lire tower of the Cfiu ,c L-*’
zann. in Somlienr Holland,
markable moumiien's oi d‘ e & Rl^ea:
ju.*t fallen duw n.
ExckkDlNuLY Flnnv —l>‘
queer thing* called ■ jesolution* 0
he meetings, we have seen roan}y
course of our ex istencc, but vvel
adopted at u recent Lucoioco con'
*i**i|rpi, i* hucklebem above a
sinrmon. . or nominating
oliicets and lot Congress, os « 5
James Hagan, it was ,
Rtst-inS. That in the
the Democratic candidates areif*| \
10 treat or to be treated, but tha- -A
the reason and intelligenceoli^rj^
\\ e should construe that 11110 jLj
that lieivtcUure the
sissij'pi have not appealed to
teiligence ol the jreojile, but l |au
by "ixo/iiip and being
that there i* to be a refonna ,lon 1
piooecfling. — 7'a pk. —e* ,
* The
Economy and CrußiTi. 1 j
e« cute was .eiaied by Mr.
in oi.e of hi* lectures upon A ett
"An opulent merchant oi
uj onbya friend in behall o
l!ic time he was admonishing lll gd
whole wafers instead ol lia '
thought the circumstance 111, l 1 uJ
hi* surprise, on listening lo Jilf„
chant ,tfc-iM sav. Tte >
pres*ed his astonishment lira
was *f» particular about h al
present to charity: but tin
11 is by saving ball wntei'
such little things that I have » l
?*ved'
- —" jiV ■
Tuk PurLAUKLCHIA
Piesbyterian church in Phil ;K j
ckm. in a suit brought a r a . l .Vy)
Philadelphia, a verdict ol ? Office
be burning or their chinch 1
in that citv in Augurt
1 Uvigc Kennedy the P r^ K l ’= t
il -'it wa- iiiiiuateiial whetn