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DAILY CIIBMICLE & SENTINEL.
BY WILLIAM 8. JONES,
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OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE.
IN SENATE, Jan. 5, 1853.
' [concluded.]
But tlie President lias a graver objection to en
tering into the proposed convention. He has no
’wish to disguise the feeling that the compact, al
though equal in its terms, would be very unequal
in substance. England and Franco, by entoring
into it, would disable themselves from obtaining
possession of an island remote from their seats of
Government, belonging to another European
Power, whoso uatural right to possess it must al
ways bo us good as their own ; a distant island, in
another hemisphere, and one which, by no ordi
nary or peaceful course of things, could ever be
long to either of them. It the present balance of
power in Europe should bo broken up, if Spain
should become unable to maintuiu the island itD
her possession, and England und Franco should
be engaged in a death struggle with each other,
Cuba might then bo the prize of the victor.—
Till these events all take place, the President doeß
not see how Cuba cun belong to any European
Power but Spain.
The United States, on the other hand, would
by the proposed convention, disable themselves
from making an acquisition which might take
place without any disturbance of existing foreign
relations, and in the uatural order of thiugs. The
Islund of Cuba lies at our doors. It commands
the approach to the Gult of Mexico, which wash
es the shores of iivo of our States. Jt bars the
entrance of that great river which drains half the
North American continent, and with its tribu
taries forms the lurgest system of internal water
communication in the world. It keeps watch at
the doorway of our intercourse with California by
the Isthmus route. If an island like Cuba, be
longing to the Spanish crown, guarded the en
trance of the Thames and the Seine, and the Uni
ted States should proposo a convention like tins to
England and France, those Powers would assured
ly feel that the disability assumed by ourselves
was far less serious than that which we asked
them to assume. ■ .
Tue opinions of American statesman, at differ
ent times and under vary ing circumstances, have
differed as to the desirableness of the acquisition of
C iba by the United States. Territorially a.id
commercially, it would in our hands he an ex
treuiely valuable possession. Under certain con
tingeiioes it might boalmost essential to ou: safety.
Still for domestic reasons, on which, in e commu
nication ot this kind, it might not bo proper to
dwell, the President thinks that the incorporation
ot the island into the Union at the present time,
although etfectid, with the consent of Spain would
be a hazardous meosuro ; and ho would consider
its acquisition bv force except in a just war with
Spain, (should an event so greatly to bo depreca
ted take place,) us a disgrace to the civilization of
the age. , \
The President has given an ample proof of the
sincerity with which lie holds these vie**s He
lias thrown the whole force of his constitutional
f ower against all illegal attacks upon the island.—
t would have been perfectly easy for him, with
out any seeming neglect of duty, to allow projects
ot a formidable character to gather strength by
connivance. No amount of ooloquv ut home, no
embarrassments caused by the indiscretions of the
Colonial Governments of Cuba, have moved him
fr unthe path of duty in this respect. The Captain
General ot that island, an officer of apparantly up
right and conciliatory character, but probably
more used to military command than the tnanage"
meut cf civil affairs, has ona punctilio in reference
to the parser of a privute steamship (who seems to
have been entirely innocent of the matters laid to
his churge,) refused to allow passengers and the
mails otilie United States to be lauded from a
vessel havin him on board. This certainly is a
very extraordinary mode of animadverting upon a
supposed abuse of the liberty of the press, by the
subject of a foreign Government in his native
country. The Captain General is not permitted
by his Government, three thousand miles off, to
hold any diplomatic intercourse with the United
lie is subject in no degree to the direction
of the Spanish Minister at Washington; and the
President has to choose betw ecu a resort to force to
compel the abandonment of this gratuitous inter
ruption of commercial intercourse, (which would
result in war,) and u delay of weeks and months
necessary for a negotiation with Madrid, with all
the. chances of the most deplorable occurrences in
the interval ; and all for a trifle that ought to
have admitted a settlement by an exchange of
notes butweeu Washington and the Havana. c, she
President, however, has patiently submitted to
these evils, and has continued faithfully to give
toCubathe advantage ofthose principles of the
public law, under the shelter of which she has de
parted in this case from the comity of nations.—
But the incidents to wlnch I allude, and which
are still iri train are among many others which
j oint decisively to the expediency of some chunge
in the relations of Cuba ; and the'President thinks
that the influence of England and France with
Spain would be well employed in inducing her bo
to modify the administration of the government of
Cuba as to afford the means of some prompt reme
dy for evils of the kind ulladed to, which have
done much to increase the spirit of unlawful en
terprise againat the island.
That a convention such as is proposed would bo
a transitory arrangement, sure to be swept away
by the irresistible tide of affairs in a new country,
is, to the apprehension of the President, obvi
ous to require a labored argument. The project
rests on principles applicable, if at all, to Europe,
■where international relations are in their basis of
great antiquity, slowly modified for the most part
in the progress of time and events; and not appli
cable to America, which, but lately a waste, is fill
ing up with intense rapidity, and adjusting on na
tural principles those territorial relations which,
on the first discovery of the continent, were in a
good degree fortuitous.
The comparative history of Europe and America
oven for a single centifry shows this. In 1752
England, France and Spain were not materially
different in tlicir political position in Europe from
•what they now are. They were ancient, nature,
consolidated States, established in their relations
•with each other and the rest of tho world—the
leading Powers of Western and Southern Europe.
Totally different was tho state of things in Ameri
ca. The United State- had no existennee as a peo
ple. A line of English Colonies, not numbering
much over a million of inhabitants, stretched along
th® const. France extended from the Bay of Bt.
Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico, and from the Al
ieghanies to the Mississippi; beyond which, west
ward, the continent was a wilderness, occupied by
wandering savages and subject to a conflicting and
nominal claim on the part of France and Spain
Every thing in Europe was comparatively fixed ;
every thing in America provisionijff incipient, and
temporary ; except the law of progress, which is as
organic and vital in the youth of States as of indi
vidual men. A struggle between the provincial
authorities of England and Frauce for the posses
sion of ft petty stockade at the confluence of the
Mononguliela and tlie Alleghany kindled the seven
years wa r ; at the close of which the great Euro,
pean Powers, not materially affected in their re
lations at home, had undergone astonishing
changes on this continent. France had disappear
ed from the map of America, whose inmost recess
es had been % >enetratcd by her zealous missionaries
nnd her resolute and gallant ad vonturers; England
had added the Canadas to her transatlantic domin
ions ; Spain had become the mistress of Louisi
ans ; so that, in the language of the Archbishop of
Mexico in 1770, ah: claimed Siberia as the north
ern boundary of New Spain.
Twelve years only fri m the treaty of Paris elaps
ed, and another great change took place, fruitful
of still greater changes to come. The American
Revolution hroke’out. It involved England, France
and Spain in a tremendous struggle, and at its
close the United States of America had taken their
place in the Family of Nations In Europe the
■neieut States were restored substantially to their
former equilibrium ; but a new element of incal
culable importunes in refence to territorial ar
rangements is henceforth to be recognised in Ame
rica.
Just twenty years from the close of the war of
the American Revolution, France,' by a treaty with
Snatn, of which the provisions have never be< a
disclosed, possessed herslf of Louisiana ; but did
so only to cede it to the United 8 ates; and in the
same year Lewis and Clark started on their expe
dition to plant the flog of the United States on the
shores of the Pacific. In 1819 Florida was sold by
Spain to the United States, whose territorial poL
•essions in this way had been increased three-fold
in half a century. This last acquisition was so
much a matter of course, that it had been distinct
ly foreseen by the Count Aranda, then Prime Min
ister of Spain, as long ago as 1782.
But even those momentous events are but the
forerunners of new territorial revolutions still more
stupendous. A dynastic struggle between the
Emperor Napoleon and Spain, commencing in 1808,
convulsed the Peninsula. Tne vast possessions of
the Spanish Crown on this continent—vice-royal
lies and caotoin-genemlships filling tlie space be
tween California and Cape Horn—one after anoth
er nsscited their independence. No friendly Pow
er in Europe attliat time was able, or if able was
willing, .to succor Spain, or aid her to prop the
crumbling buttresses of her colonial empire. So
far from it, when France, in 1828, threw an army
ofloo,ooo men into Spain to control her domestic
politics, Btgland thought it necessary to counteract
the movement by recogniaing the independence of
the Spanish provinces in America. In the re-
markable language of tho distinguished Minister
of tho day, in order to redress the balance of pow
er in Europe, he called into existence o new world
in the We.*t; somewhat over-rating, perhaps, the
extent of the derangement in tho Old Wprld, and
not doing full justice to the positiou of the United
States in America, or their influence on tho for
tunes of their sißter republics on this continent.
Thus in sixty years from tho close of the seven
years’ war, Spain, like Franco, had lost the last re
mains of her once imperial possessions in this
hemisphere. The United States mes ut>me were,
by the arts of peace and tho healthful progress of
thingSj rapidly enlarging their dimensions and
consolidating their power.
The great mareh of events still went on. Some
of the new republics, front the effect of a mixture
of races, or the want of training in liberal institu
tions, showed themselves incapable of self-govern
ment. The produce ofTexas revolted f.urn Mexi
co by the same right by which Mexico revolted
from Spain. At the memorable battle of San Ja
cinto, in 1836, she passed the great ordeal of na
scent States, and her independence was rccoguised
by this Government, by England, by France, and
by other European Powers. Mainly peopled from
the United States, she sought naturally to bo in
corporated into the Union. The oiler wns repeat
edly rejected by Presidents Jackson and Van Bu
ren, to avoid a collision with Mexico. At last the
annexation took place. Asa domestic question, it
is no tit subject tor comment in a communication
to a foreign Minister. As a question of public law,
thore never was an extension of territory more
naturally or more justifiably made. It produced a
disturbed relution with tlie Government of Mexico,
war ensued, and in its results other extensive ter
ritories wore, tor a large pecuniary compensation,
on the part of tho United States, added to tlie
Union.
Without adverting to tho divisions of opinion
which arose in reference to this war—as must al
ways happen in free countries in reference to
great mcasures—no person, surveying those events
with tho eye of a comprehensive statesmanship,
can fail to trace in the main result the undoubted
operation of tho law of our political existence. The
consequences are before the world. Vast provin
ces, which had languished for three centuries un
der tlie,leaden sway of a stationary system, are
coming under the influences of an active civiliza
tion. Freedom of speech and the press, the trial
by jury, religious equality, and representative Go
vernment have been carried by the Constitution
of the United States into extensive regions in
which they were unknown before. By the settle
ment of California the groat circuit of intelligence
round the globe is completed. The discovery of
the gold of that region, leading as it did to the
same discovery in Australia, has touched the
nerves of industry throughout the world. Every
addition to the territory of the American Union
lias given homes to European destituion and gar
dens to Ktrronean want. From every part of the
United Kingdom, from France, from" Switzerland,
und Germany, and from the exiremest North of
Europe, a march of immigration lias beeti taken
up, such as the world has never seen before. In
to the United States, grown to their present ex
tent in the manner described, but little less than
half a million of the population of the Old World
is annually pouring, to be immediately incorpora
ted into an industrious and prosperous communi
ty, in the bosom of which they find political and
religious liberty, social position, employment, and
bread.
It is a fact which would defy belief, were it not
the result of official inquiry, that the immigrants
to the United States from Ireland alone, besides
having subsisted themselves, have sent buck to
their kindred for the three last years nearly five
millions of dollars annually; thus doubling in
three vears the purchase money of Louisiana.
Such is the territorial development of the United
States in the past century. Is it possible that Eu
rope can contemplate it with an unfriendly or jeal
ous eye? What wold have been her condition in
these trying years but for the outlet we Irnvc fur
nished to her starving millions ?
Spain, meantime, has retained ot her extensive
dominions in this hemisphere but tlie two islands
of Cuba and l’orto Kico. A respectful sympathy
with the fortunes of an ancient ally and a gall tit ft
people, with whom the United States have ever
maintained the most friendly relations, would, if
no other reason existed, make it our duty to leave
her in the undisturbed possession of this little
remnant of her mighty tran-atl ntic empire The
President desires to do so; no word or deed of his
will ever question her ti le or shuke her posses
sion. But cun it be expected to last very long ?
Can it resist this mighty current in tlie fortunes of
tho world ? Is it desirable that it should do so (
Can it be for the interest of Spain tooling to a pos
session that can only be maintained by a garrison
of twenty-five or thirty thousand troops, a power
ful naval force, and an annual expenditure for
both arms of the service of at least twelve millions
of dollars ? Cuba at this moment costs more to
Spain than the entire naval and military establish
ments of tho United States cost tlie Federal Go
vernment. So fur from being really injured by the
loss of this island, there is no doubt that were it
peacefully transferred to the United States a pros
perous eommeree between Cuba and Spain, result
ing from ,ancient association and common language
and tastes, would be far more productive than tlie
best contrived system of colonial taxation. Such
notoriously has been tlie result to Great Britain oi
the establishment of the independence of the Uni
ted States. The decline of Spain from tlie posi
tion which she held in the time of Charles the
Fifth is coeval with the foundation of her colonial
system ; while within twenty-five years, and since
the loss of most of her colonies, "she lias entered
upon a course ot rapid improvement unknown
since tlie abdication ot that Emperor.
I will but allude to an evil of the first magnitude
—1 mean the African slave trade—in the suppres
sion of which England and France take a lively
interest; an evil which still forms a great reproach
upon the civilization of Christendom, and per
petua’es the barlmrisrrj of Africa; but lor which,
it is to be feared, there is no hope of a complete
remedy while Cuba remains a Spanish colony.
But, whatever may be thought of these last sug
gestions, it would seem impossible for any one,
who reflects upon the events glanced at in this
note, to mistake the law of Ameiican growth and
progress, or think it cun be ultimately arrested by
a convention like that proposed. In the judgment
of the President, it would be as easy to throw a
dam from Cape Florida to Cuba, iii the hope of
stopping the flow of tho Gulf stream, as to attempt
by a compact like this to fix the fortunes of Cuba,
“now and for hereafter;” or, as expressed in the
French text of the convention, “for the present as
for the future (pour lepresent commepour I'avenir ;)
that is, for all coming time. The history of the
past—of the recent past—affords no assurance that
twenty years hence France or England will even
wish that Spain should retain Cuba; and a cen
tury hence, judging of what will be from what lias
been, tlie pages which record this proposition
will, like the record ot tlie family compact between
France and Spain, have no interest but tjur the
antiquary.
Even now the President cannot doubt that both
France nnd England would prefer any change in
the condition of Cuba to that which is most to be
apprehended, viz, an internal convulsion which
should renew the horrors and the fate of Sail Do
mingo. «
I will intimate a final objection to the proposed
convention. Lord Malmsbury and M. de Turgot
put forward as tho reason for entering into such
a compact “the attacks which have lately been
made ou the Island of Cuba by lawless bands of
adventurers from the United States, with the
avowed design of taking possession of that island.”
The President is convinced that the conclusion of
such a treaty, instead of putting a stop to these
lawless proceedings, would give anew and power
ful impulse to them. It wouid strike a death-blow
to the conservative policy hitherto pursued in this
country toward Cuba. No administration of this
Government, however strong in the public confi
dence in other respects, could stand a day under
the odiutn ot having stipulated with the grout
Powers ot Europe that, in no future time, under no
ohange of circumstances; by no amicable arrange
ment with Spain ; by no act of lawful war, should
that calamity unfortunately occur ; by no consent
ot the inhabitants of the island, should they, like
the possession of Spain on tho American "conti
nent, succeed in rendering themselves inde
pendent; in fine, by no over-ruling necessity of
self-preservation, should the United States ever
make the acquisition of Cuba.
For these reasons, which tlie President has
thought it advisable, considering the importance
of tho subject, to direct me to unfold at some
length, he teeis constrained to decline, respectful
ly, the invitation of England arid France to become
parties to the proposed convention. He is per
suaded that the-e friendly Powers will not t
tribute this refusal to any insensibility on his part
to the advantages of the utmost harmony between
tlie great maritime States on a subject of such im
portance. As little will Spain draw any unfavora
ble inference from this refusal; the rather, as the
emphatic disclaimer of any designs against Cuba
on the .part of this Government, contained in tho
Present note, affords all the assurance which tlie
resident can constitutionally, or to any useful
Eurjiose, give of a practical occurrence with Eng
ma and France in the wish not to disturb the
possession of that island by Spain.
I avail myself, sir, of this opportunity to assure
you of my distinguished consideration.
Edward Etxrxtt.
80,000 hlids. of Molasses were imported into the
ports of Maine during the last year, on Boston
account, an average of 12 per cent, damages for
hulWe having been allowed by the Collectors of
that State, while only 1 per cent, is allowed by tho
Collector of Boston. The Secretary of the Treasu
has effectually stopped that leak, nnd the last
quarterly returns from Maine, gives less than one
per cent, damages. J
The city agent of Bangor, Maine, for the sale
of iquor, made his report on tho Ist inst. The
daily sales amount to about ninety-seven gallons '
The greater part was sold to go out of the city
however. Bangor and vicinity must be very sick
ly to require so much medicine. From May 8 to
Dec. 28, the agent purchased galfous of
various kind® of liquor®.
<%flradt & Sentinel
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.
WEDNESDAY MORNING JAX’Y 12, 18flr3.
The Race*.
The regular Annual Mooting over tho La Fay
ette Course commenced yesterday, with a Colts’
Stakes, two mile heats—s2oo entrance and SIOO
forfeit, to which ths Clul> added $500; for which
there were seven entries, us follows :
Mr. S. Fowler’s b. c., by Sovereign, dam Ce
, lerity, by Leviathan. •
Mr. Oliver Towles’ eh. g., by Emu, dam Celerity,
by Leviathan.
Mr. Thomas Furyear’s eh. c., by Glencoe, dam
Castrick, by Monarch.
Mr. N. B. Young’s b. g., by Boston dam Bel
lamira, by Monarch.
Mr. G. O. Lamar’s b. c., Confidence, by Gano,
dam Mary Baldwin.
Mr. James Talley’s bro. c., by Pamunkey, dam
Sarah Washington, by Zingaree.
Mr. Charles Hamilton’s eh. c., by Tempest, dam
by Stockholder.
Os these, three paid forfeit, viz: Young, Lamar
and Talley. The other four came to the stand in
fine condition.
The day was fine, the attendance excellent and
the track in fair orderforgood time, which the high
mettled young ones did not fail to make. Tho
race, we learn, for we could not attend, was a most
animated one throughout, and contested with
great spirit to the close. Not having seen it we
cannot attempt a description, and must content
ourselves with the summing up of the two heats:
Tho*. Purvear’s eh. c 11
Ch. Hamilton’s eh. c 4 2 .
(). Towles’ ch. g 3 8
I*. S. Fowler’s b. c 2 dis.
Time. —3m. 525.—3 m. 44}^s.
Second Day.—Joclccy Club Purse, S3O0 —2 mile heats.
The following is the only entry for to-day’s race :
T. W. E. Bealle enters ch. tn. Theta —s years
old, by imported Priam, dam Gamma.
The Inrant Drummer.
This musical prodigy, who has delighted tho
whole community with his extraordinary per
formances, gives his last entertainment this even
ing. We feel confident a crowded house will be
present to take leave of him.
S. M. llewlkt, tho popular Temperance Lec
turer, will bo in Augusta on the 17th inst., when
he will deliver one or more lectures on Temper
ance. Due notice of tho time and place will bo
given.
VST" Wc sre requested to state that tho Rev. IV.
G. Conner will preach his Valedictory Sermon,
this evening, in the Methodist Church.
To Corn feliipper*.
The following suggestions to> those engaged in
shipping corn, we clip from a circular of Messrs.
Neuefeu, Hendrix & Co., of Charleston, as being
altogether worthy of their attention, if they would
carefully guard their interests :
Corn should be put in either good osnabnrgs or
new Gunny sacks, and sewed with flax twine.—
Cotton twine is not sufficiently strong. The sacks
should be of uniform size, containing about two
bushels. Gunny sacks can now be lnd here for
10 cents. The common thin domestic will not do
for corn, as even in the transportation by railroad
to market, the loss of corn will be more than the
difference in cost between that and good sacking.
The enhanced price of both flour and corn, when
put up as described, will more than remunerate
the producer for the extra expense ho will be at in
doing so
We would also advise our friends to use great
care in shipping produce. There being so many
lines of railroads now, it renders it more than ever
necessary to be particular, s<> as to avoid confusion
in the tlelivcry, and in case it falls short, that the
consignee may recover from the railroad, without
delay or difficulty. In the first place, never ship
by the initials of the consignee's name, as otln-rs
Consigning to the same house may ship by the
same mark. Grain and flour should be shipped
in lots: tbr instance, mark the lir.-t lot 0. Churle--
ton ; second, B. A., and so on. Take a railroad
receipt for each separate mark, and send it to the
consignee. Particular attention should be paid
to forwarding receipts. In this way all difficulties
will be avoided. Those sending produce from
Georgia and. Tennessee should take duplicate re
ceipts, and forward one to the Agent of the S. ('.
R. K.,nt Hamburg, that he may know how much he
should receive from the Agent in Augusta.
Sound Truths. —lnannouncing the future con
duct of the New York Courier and Enquirer, upon
the accession of Mr: J. R. Spaulding, as one of the
editors, that gentleman emancipates a rule which
should ever bo observed. He says : ‘‘ Person
alities, whether as regards public men or pri
vate, I shall endeavor to avoid. There is no surer
mark of a low and narrow mind than a disposition
to believe that dissent can spring only from dis
honesty ; so there is. no more certain index of the
consciousness of weakness than a resort to per
sonal abuse. This is tho lowest and last of
all polemical weapons—one which no honorable
man will touch at all, and no man not honorable
until he is reduced to an extremity. Courteous
towards the contemporaries of this paper I shall
always strive to be—taking pride in tlieir honor
and satisfaction in their success. I cannot dispar
age my brother editors without disparaging my
profession, and cannot disparage my profession
without dispargingmyself.
Rail Roads for I’ailadelphia, Baltimore and
Washington. —Arrangements have this day been
made by the rail road companies between New
York and Washington, for continuous and certain
connecting lines, by which the mails, passengers
and baggage in the 8 and 9A. M., and 5 X P- M., I
lines from New York, will be certain to go through
from one point, to the other, without detention
anywhere on the route. Should any accident
happen, causing delay ou either road, the mails,
passengers and baggage are to be forwarded by
extra trainSjat the expense of the road on which
the delay occurs.
A new train to and from New York and Phila
delphia also commenced on Monday, tho 10th
of January. Fare in this line, both ways, und in
the 8 A. M., line from New York for Philadelphia,
reduced to $2.75.
The organization of tho Maryland Legislature
was completed on Thursday. The Message of the
Governor was delivered. It states that the finan
ces are in a prosperous condition—the surplus
revenue of the year being $543,000, after the de
duction of $677,000 for current interest ou the pub
lie debt. The revenue of State for the ensuing
year is estimated at $1,500,000, with reduced ex
penditures under tho biennial system. The Gov
ernor urges the abolition of stamp and other indi
rect taxes.
Refusal of Billy Bowlegs to leave Florida.—
The National Intelligencer confirms the report that
Billy Bowlegs has been compelled by bis followers,
particularly liis sister and Sam Jones, to refuse
the compliance with his promise to leave Florida.
He had taken to the everglades,and as a regiment
of ‘Cow-boys,” or “Crackers” is being raised in
Florida, to pursue him, we may expect to hear
soon of the commencement of another troublesome
Indian war.
Maine.— The Legislature assembled at Augusta
on the sth inst. Louis O. Cowan, whig, was elect
ed clerk. No choice of president, the democrats
refusing to vote until the vacancies are filled.—
John C. Talbot, Democrat, was chosen speaker of
the house.
Maine Liquor Law in Rhode Island.— The
following paragraph is from the Providence (R. I.)
Mirror of Monday:
Court of Magistrates.— John Stephens was dis
charged upon a complaint for selling liquor—the
Court not being willing to try him after the decis
ion of Judge Curtis.
The European Steamers.— There are now on their
way from Europe four steamships, viz: the Hum
boldt from Havre, Dec. 22; the Hermann from
Bremen, Dec. 31; the Baltic from Liverpool, Dec.
29; and the Arabia from the same port, Jan. 1.
The total amount of mackerel inspected in the
State of Massachusetts, during the year 1852, was
197,7.68 barrels, showing a decrease of 131,509 bar
rels us compared with 1851, when the inspections
reached *29,278 barrels.
British Colony In Central America.
On Tuesday last tho President of tho United
States laid before the Senate tho subjoined letter
■ of the Secretary of State and accompanying cor
respondence, in answer to a resolution of the Sen
ate of the 30th ultimo, requesting information in
regard to the establishment of a British Colony in
Central America:
Department of State, [
Washington, January 3, 1853. j
The Secretary of State, to whom was referred
the resolution of the Senate of the 80th ultimo, re
questing tlie President “to communicate to tho
Senate, as far as may be compatible with tho pub
lic interest, any information in tho Department of
State respecting tho establishment of a new British
colony in Central America, together with the copy
of a proclamation, if received at the said Depart
ment, issued by the British authorities at tho Be
lize, July 17, 1852, announcing that ‘ her most gra
cious Majesty our Queen bus been pleased :o con
stitute and make the islands of Roatan, Bonaeca,
Utilla, Barbarat, Helena, and Moratto be a colony,
to beknowu and designated as the-Colony of the
Bay of Islands,’and signed ‘By command of iier
Majesty’s superintendent, Augustus Fred. Gore,
Colonial Secretaryand alsoi what measures, if
any, have been taken by the [Executive to prevent
the violation of that article of the treaty of Wash
ington of July 4,1850, between the United States
and Great Britain, which provides that neither
party shall ‘ occupy, or fortify, or colonize, or as
r-time, or exercise ally dominion over Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, the Mosquito coast, or any part of Cen
tral America,’ ” has the honor to report that no
information, official or unofficial, of the character
requested by the resolution has been received at
this Department. A consul of the United States
Was appointed for Belize, Honduras, on tho 3d of
March, 1847, and the minister of the United States
at London was instructed by the Department to
apply to the British Government for his exequa
tur. It appears, however, from the letter of the
Department to him of the Ist- of March, 1850, an
extract from which is hereunto annexed, that his
commission was revoked. As no successor lias
since been appointed, there lias been no officer of
this Government in that quarter from whom tl.c
information asked for in the resolution could be
expected by the Department. The accompanying
note from Mr. Clayton to Sir Henry L. Buiwer, of
the 4th of July, 1850, which has unimportant
bearing upon the inquiries contained in tho reso
lution, is also laid before you. Rcspectfuly sub
mitted. j* Edward Everett.
To tho President of the United States.
Mr. Clayton to Mr. Hampstead.
[Extract.]
“ Department of State, i
“Washington, March 1, 1852. [
“As it is presumed that the appointment ot a
consul of the United States ut Belize, even if re
quired bv our trade with that port, may have been
made without full consideration of the territorial
rights of Great Britain in that quarter, it is deemed
advisable, under existing circumstances, to dis
continue that constitute.
“ You will consequently consider your functions
as terminated on the receipt of this despatch, and
will apprize the proper authorities at Belize to that
effect. If you should conclude to return to this
Country, it would ho advisablejto bring with you
such vouchers as may be necessary to support any
credits which you may claim at the treasury. The
papers, books, flag, and seal of the consulate must
also be sent or brought to the United States, for
the purpose of being lodged in the Department.”
Department of State,
Washington, July 4, 1850.
Sir: I have received the declaration you wt-re
instructed by your Government to make to me ie
specting Honduras and its dependencies, a copy of
which is hereto subjoined.
The language of the first article of the conven
tion concluded on the 19th day of April last, be
tween the United States and Great Britain, de
serihing’the country not to be occupied, «sec., by
"either of the parties, was, as you know, twice ap
proved by your Government; and it was neither
understood by them, nor by either of us, (the ne
gotiators,) to include tlie British settlement in
Honduras, (commonly culled British Honduras, as
distinct from the State of Honduras,) nor the
small islands in the neighborhood of that settle
ment, which may be known .as its dependencies.
To thirv settlement, and these islands, the treaty
W c negotiated was not intended by either of us to
apply. Tne title to them it is now and has been
my intention, throughout the whole negotiation,
to leave as the treaty leaves it, without denying,
affirming, or in any way meddling with tlie same,
just as it stood previously. The chairman of the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, the
Hon. William R. King, informs me that “the
Senate perfectly understood that the treaty did not
ioclm e British Honduras.” It was understood to
apply to, and does include, all the Ceutial Ameri
can Mates of Guatemala, Honduras, San Salvador,
Nicaragua, and Cosjta Rica, with tlieir just limi's
and proper dependencies. The difficulty that now
arises seems to spring from the use,-in our con
vention,-ot the term “ Central America,” which wc
adopted because Viscount Palmerston had assent
ed to it, and used it as the proper term —we na
turally supposing that, on this account, it would
be satisfactory to your Government; but if your
Government now intend to delay the exchange of
ratification until we: shall have fixed the precise
limits of Central America, we must defer further
action until we have further information on both
sides,' to which at present we have no means ofre
sort, and which it is certain we could not obtain
before the term fixed for exchanging the ratifica
tions would expire. It is not to bo imagined that
suck is the object of your Government, for not
only would this course delay, but absolutely defeat
the convention.
Os course, no alteration could be made in the
convention, as it now stands, without referring the
same to the Senate; and 1 do not understand you
as having aii.liority to propose any alteration.
But, on some future occasion, a conventional arti
cle, clearly stating what are the limits of Central
America, might become advisable.
There is another matter still more important,
which the stipulations of the convention direct that
we shall settle, but which you have no instructions
now to determine; and 1 desire you to invite the
attention of your Government to it: “The dis
tance troin the two ends of tiic canal within which
vessels of the United States or Great Britain, tra
versing the said canal, shall, in case of war be
tween the contracting parties, be exempted from
blockade, detention, or capture by either of the
belligerents.” Tlie subject is one of deep inter
est; and I shall be happy to receive the views of
your Government m regard to it as soon as it may
lie convenient for them to decide upon it.
1 renew to you, sir, the assurances of the distin
guished consideration with which 1 have the liouor
to be your obedient servant,
John M. Clayton.
To.the Right Hon. Sir Ilenry L. Buiwer, &c.
DECLARATION.
In proceeding to the exchange of the ratifications
of the convention, signed at Washington on the
19th of April, 1850, between her Britannic Majes
ty and the United States of America, relative to
tlie establishment of a communication by ship-ca
nal between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans/ th.c
undersigned her, Britannic Majestv’s Plenipoten
tiary, bus received her Majesty’s instructions to
declare that her Majesty does not understand tlie
engagements of that convention to apply to her
Majesty’s settlement at Honduras, or to its depen
dencies. Her Majesty’s ratification of the said
convention is exchanged under the explicit de
claration above mentioned.
Douo at Washington, the 29thday of June, 1850.
11. L. Bulwer.
MEMORANDUM.
Department of State, /
Washington, July 5, 1850. [
The within declaration ot Sir. H. L. Buiwer was
received by me on tlie 29th day of June, 1850. In
reply, 1 wrote him my note of tlie 4th of July, ac
knowledging that I Understood British Honduras
was not embraced in ti e treaty of the 19th of
April last, blit, at this same time, carefully declin
ing to affirm or deny the British title in their set
tlement or its alleged dependencies. After sign
ing my note last night, I delivered it to Sir Ilenry
and we immediately proceeded, without any fur
ther or other action, to exchange the ratifications
of said treaty. The consent of the Senate to the
declaration was not required, and the treaty was
ratified as it stood when it was made.
John M. Clayton.
N. B.—The rights of no Central American State
have been compromised by the treaty or by any
part of the m gotiatiation.
The publication of this correspondence subject
ed the Hon. John M. Clayton to some very se
vere censure troin Senators. Gen. Cass open
ed the subject in a speech, which he styled a
personal explanation, in which he, upon the au
thority of ihe lion. Wm. R. King, Vice President
elect, contradicted the statement of Mr. Clayton,
as to what Clayton asserted King had told him,
and gave King’s version thereof. This discussion
has called out Mr. Clayton in his own defence,
who appears in the National Intelligencer verifying
the declaration in his despatch, by pro
ducing Mr. King’s letter. This places Mr. King
in rather an unenviable position.
We annex the letter of Mr. Clayton and the
correspondence between him and Mr. Kino, and
when the reader shall have examined the report
of the discussion in the Senate on tho 6th instant
he will fully comprehend the whole matter. It
should be recollected that the ratifications were
mutually exchanged on the 4th of July, 1350, tho
very day of the correspondence between Clayton
and King :
Wilmington, (Del.) January 7, 1853.
Messrs. Qales <k Seaton , Washington:
I have been astonished at reading to-day the
attack made upon mo in the United States Senate
yesterday.
I liavo tho letter of the Hon. Wm. K. King*
ohairman of the Committee on Foreign Kola tions
written to me on the day of tho exchange of ratifi
cations of tho British ’.Treaty of the loth April,
1850, stating, in the very words of my letter to Sir
llenry Hulwer, what the Senate perfectly under
stood, that tho Treaty did not include British Hon
duras.
To show you with what injustice I have been as
sailed and misrepresented, I will send you the
original correspondence between Mr. King and my
solf by tho earliest opportunity. I herewith send
you a precise copy, oertified by tho gentlemen
whose names are annexed.
You will perceive that my letter to Sir Henry
Bulwer, written on the same day of the date of
Mr. King’s letter, aud after it was received, in
forms Sir Henry that the title to British Honduras
it was then, and had been, my intention to leave as
the treaty left it, without denying, athrming, or in
any way meddling with the same—just as it pre
viously stood.
The British title to the Central American States
was recognised by Mr. Polk, in sending there Mr.
Christopher Hempstead us Consul, who remained
in British Honduras, under the protection of-the
British flair, aud in virtue of an exequatur, ob
tained by Mr. Buchanan from the British Govern
ment, nearly three years, till 1 recalled him, to pre
vent the possibility of any charge against General
Taylor’s administration of having recognized the
English authority in British Honduras.
Please publish this note iu to-morrow’s paper.
John M. Clayton.
Mr. Clayton to Mr. King.
July 4, 1850.
Dear Sir: 1 am this morning writing to Sir 11.
L. Bulwer, and while about to decline altering the
Treaty at the time of Exchanging ratifications, 1
w ish to leave no room for a charge of duplicity
against our Government, such as that we now pre
tend that Central America in tiio treaty includes
British Honduras.
I shall therefore say to him, in effect, thut such
construction was not iu the contemplation of tho
negotiators or the Senate at the time of continua
tion. May 1 have your permission to add that the
true understanding was explained by you aB Chair
man of Foreign Derations, to the Senate, before
the vote was taken on the treaty ? I think it due
to frankness on our part.
Very truly, yours,
J. M, Clayton.
To Hon. Wm. R. King, U. S. Senate.
[We certify that tho above is a correct copy of
the letter from the Hon. J. M. Clayton, Secretary
of State, to the Hon. Wm. R. King.
J. Wales,
John Kirkman,
I’. SIIERWAIiD JjOHNSON,
Wm. K. McClees.J
Mr. Ki /;/ to Mr. Clayton.
July 4, 1850.
My Dear Sir:—The Senate perfectly understood
that the Treaty did not include British Honduras.
Frankness becomes our Government; but you
should be careful riot to use any expression which
would seem to recognise the right of England to
any portion of Honduras
Faithfully, your obedieut servant,
W. R. Kino.
To Hon. John M. Clayton, Secretary ot State.
[The above is a correct copy of a letter of W. K.
King, now in possession of Hon. John M. Clayton.
J. Walks,
P. S. Johnson,
i W. R. McClees.j
E'tract of a Letter from Mr. Clayton to Sir 11.
Bulwer.
It is unnecessary for me to repeat that the Trea
ty negotiated was not intended'by either of us to
apply to the British settlement *of Honduras and
dependencies, before deserioed, the title to which
it is now, and has been, my intention throughout
ti e whole negotiations to leave as the treaty leaves
it. without denying, affirming, or in any way med
dling with the same—just as it stood previously.
Charleston Courier—feemUCentennial Anniver
sary.
Monday, the 10th January, was the fiftieth anni
versary of the Charleston Courier, which afforded
the worthy proprietors of that excellent journal an
opportunity to display their liberality in an ele
gant entertainment on Saturday evening, which is
thus notified by the Mercury : i
Tuk Semi-Centennial Anniversary of the
Charleston Courier.—The llitieth anniversary of
the establishment of the Charleston Courier, and
of Mr. A. S. Willingtou’s connection with it, as
Printer, Editor, aud Publisher, was celebrated on
Saturday evening last, at the Pavilion Hotel. .Suc-h
a festival, we believe, is without u parallel in the
history of the Press; and in addition to its novel
ty, is a most striking and gratifying evidence of
the ability and propriety witli which the Courier
has been conducted, and the appreciative and con
servative character of the community by which it
has been so liberally sustained. None but those
who are in the harness of Editorial life, and who
pull in the harness, can properly estimate the days
of toil and nights of vigil—tho wear and tear ot
body, mind and temper, comprised in fifty years
ot servitude to a daily newspaper, and properly
appreciate the rare good fortune of Mr. iVilling
ton, in having run iiis long career with such signal
success, and preserving, in a remarkable degree,
the lull force amt vigor of his faculties, mental and
physical. It was, therefore, an occasion of just
pride and gratification to him, aud all connected
with his establish meut, and this feeling was large
ly shared and sympathised in by his personal and
professional friends who were present at his invi
tation on this interesting occasion. As was felicit
ously remarked bv one of tho speakers, we were
reminded of that touching and beautiful German
ceremonial, when an aged couple, having reached
the fiftieth anniversary of their wedding day, as
semble their relatives and friends around them,
and with religious services, reiterate the vows of
their youth. This is termed the Golden Marriage,
and wo are gratified to say was the more happily
illustrative of Mr. Wiiliugton’s union with the
Courier, in that it has been golden in all its as
pects to him, and long may it continue so.
The company, numbering about eighty, consist
ingofthe printers, editors and publishers of the
newspaper establishments of the city, and a few
personal friends, sat down to supper, served in
very handsome stylo by Mr. Butterfield, at about
8 o’clock ; and having, with professional alacrity,
distributed the sorts and filled their cases, they
were further regaled with speeches, sentiments
and songs, appropriate to the occasion, to which,
we regret, we have neither space nor opportunity
of doing fuller justice. The only fragment we
were enabled to preserve was the following, which
we give, as expressing, however imperfectly, the
sentiment of all:
“A. S. Wiliington, Esq.: For fifty years, Prin
ter, Editor and Publisher of the Charleston Cour
ier: Personally, esteemed and honored; Profes
sionally, an ornament and example: He has well
and worthily won his honors, may he live long and
happily to wear them.” * •
Thf. Illness of Vice President Kino. —A letter
from 'Washington, dated the 6th inst., says:
‘•lion. W. R. King has, made his will. Ho was
born in 1780 ; owns 5,000 acres of land in one
body in Dallas county, Alabama, and upward of
one hundred slaves. His entire estate is worth
about $150,000, Ho is a humane master. He told
me some years since that he never sold but one
slave in his life, and he was compelled to sell him
because he was a terror to the neighborhood.
Col. King cannot possibly recover. His physician
has sounded his lungs with the stethoscope, and
declared that one of his lungs is entire!}’ gone and
the other partly so. Col. K’s. niece, Mrs. Ellis, is
with him.
A Rush for Australia.—From all parts of the
world people are rushing to the gold mines of Aus
tralia. A late Buenos Ayres paper states that three
vessels are filling up with passengers at that port
for the gold mines of that country.
Hawthorne, the romance writer of New England,
we sec it stated, received from the London book
sellers, Chapman & Hall, a thousand dollars for his
“Blithsdule Romance,” which was published in
Loudon before its appearance in America.
Preaching to Slaves. — Among the resolutions
adopted by the Conference of the Methodist
Church South, was one that preachers should
once a month preach to the colored people on the
plantations of their masters.
Tiie cost of the Cocbitnate Water Works, at (
Boston, including interest to the Ist of May next,
will amount at that time to $5,385,587.
Accounts from the Island of St. Thomas to the 28d '
ult., report the continued prevalence of the cholera 5
at that point.
B. Level, Postmaster at Ebenezer depot, S. C.,
was murdered a few days ago and thrown into a ,
fire and shockingly burnt.
Another new hank, with a capitpl of 13,000,000, ,
is about to be established in Boston.
Curious. —An inquest was held in Rochester, N.
Y,, over the body of a niau named McLaughlin,
found in an unfinished building. The verdict of
the Jury was, “ died from the effects of intemper
ance, exposure, and want ot food.” McLaughlin
was taken homo by some of his friends, placed in
a rough coffin, and as they were placing a cloth,
wet in whiskey, over his face to keep him from ,
spotting, as they stated, he waked up and opened \
his eyes, crawled out of his narrow resting place, :
and his first inquiry was for whiskey. This un- \
ceremonious mode of hurrying a man out of exis- i
tencc, is supposed to have* some connection with I
tho fees charged for an inquest.
jHopetif ftlrpjji,
LATER FROM EUR^p^
ARRIVAL OF THE STRAIN
AMERICA.
New Orleans, Jan n
The steamer America arrived at Halifkr ' Vv
. 9th inst., bringing three days later nows
rope. m au -
Liverpool, Dec. 25.-CorroN.-The sales of
week sum up 83,000 bales. Prices have slJu!
improved. Fair Orleans 5 J * 7
England. The English Ministry had form.li
resigned. Lord Aberdeen is th7 new JjS
France was quiet.
Charleston Market.
Tuesday, Jan. 11.-CorroN.-The market to-dav
was firm with sales of 1100 bales at 8 to 10 centT*
Two \\ eeka Later from California.
.Nkw Orleans, Jun. 7.—The stenm&hin t\ *
Webster, CapWGratlam, from San Juan de^fj! l
ragua, which port she left on the 2nd inst
at ner wharf iu this city to-day, with udriClW
ban 1- ran cisco to December 15th, two
than those received by the Falcon.
i lie entire trip Irom San Francisco to
leans, has been made in twenty-three days— h«-
one of the most rapid ever accomplished!
The Daniel Webster briugs about 100
gers, who have among them about $75,000
One ot her passengers reports that the rcfSii
mail steamer to Panama would take in thai!?- v
buri.ood of $2,000,000 in gold. “ ei^
The news from San Juan de Nicaragua ia „
social importance. Tho health of the place
good and the transit across the Isthmus never h ,
ler-the trips being regularly made withoat anV
detention whatever, h rom California the news £
interesting, but there are no features of unn»n«i
importance;
• A number of the passengers by the steamshin
City of Pittsburgh, destroyed by fire at vS
had urnved at ban Francisco. r ’
flie rainy season had commenced in good earn
est throughout California, und at the date of the
departure of this steamer, the flood* rendered
many the roads wholly impassible.
The rains had however, but little interfered
w Hi the operations of the miners, who are repre
seated as doing very well. The greatest draw
b; -M to them was the continued high prices of
to >d—the want of which many of them felt at
vercly.
Tne market for nearly every description of pro
di ce had largely advuuced biuee the departure of
ti.tj Btearner ot* the Ist.
The greatest advance that had been realized was
in the price of flour, which commanded figures
never Le|ore heard ot since the discovery ot th®
Provisions were very scarce and held at rata*
to . high to admit of operation, except lor the bud
pP ot a. tuai wants. r
flic general feeling in the markets was, in con
se .ueine ot tuis rapid advance, quite inanimate.
An organization ot rebbers had been discovered
iu Los Angeles County, who carried on their ope
ra,ons to such an extent a* to excite the fear of the
w fie neighborhood. Plans were therefore adopt
ed for their capture, which were successful, aud
sc oral of them were executed.
bacramento had been almost entirely rebuilt,
an i the appearance of the city is greatly improved.
Tii • clipper ship bea Witch, Capt. Fraser, whieh
left New York August 2oth, had arrived at San
- Fi incisco.—
Our advices from the Sandwich Islands are 1#
da s later.
ihe only news of importance is the occurranee
of:: serious riot among the seumeu cbnnected with
several Amarican whaling vessels in port. At th«
la\ -t accounts, however, the riot had been quelled.
New 'Orleans, Jan. 10—1, P. M. — Cotton so Yr
is quiet to-day, Monday, and up to noon barely
1." 0 bales were sold, operators awaiting the Arner
»c . s advices. The Western Telegraph is not work
in/.
The C. S. mail steam ship Cherokee arrived at
nine o’clock this morning, with dates trom Ha
va: ato the 7lh inst. Her advices, however, are
’ unimportant. The Cherokee spoke on her passage
tin ship Mediator of New Y’ork.
• tw Orleans, Jan. Lo.—The entire Bales of
Ci ton on Monday comprised 3000 bales, at easy
pi. es, without any quotable decline. Fair Sugar
w; - worth cents per pound. Prime Molasses
c< .miunded irom 23 to 23% cents per gallon.
he ships Derigo, Capt. Cooper, and Richmond,
C; ; t. Dudley, have arrived from Boston, and tfifl
sh,,> France, Capt. Derriekson, from Philadelphia,
T ■; U. S. mail steamship Philadelphia, from As
pi'. wall, is below.
We understand that the Northern line is dows
so nearly seventy miles between Raleigh and ra
te: .burg. A strong force, however, is now at
win k,Jmt the repairs, it is anticipated will not ba
completed before Friday.]— Eds. Courier.
I'oston, Jan. B.—A despatch from Andover,
th; ;d last evening, report Geu. Pierce as still thore
in _jood health. His'wife was rapidly recovering
ir u the shock she received.
' lie funeral of Master Pierce, it is understood,
w 1 take place at Concord to-day. The Legisla
te:of that State has voted to adjourn and attend
it i.i a body.
• ue powder mill, at Acton, blew up yesterday
ui rnoon. Three persons were killed.
J \ltimore, Jap. B.— The Legislature of Virginia
hate instructed the committee on the judiciary,
to whom the matter was relerrcd, to report iu ls
vi r o! prosecuting tlie Lemmon case, before the
Su creme Court of tho United States.
ihe schooner Accomac, of Norfolk, has been
uj set, and her captain drowned.
ifie schooner Ellen Dale, Nickerson, from Ban
gor, Maine, has bilged, half a mile North of Assa
tt a . tie light house.
'i he storm lias been very severe along the coast.
Jafkion Statute.
Washington, Jan. B. —Ejection of the Jackson
‘ue. —12 o’clock.—The procession has just mov
ed Irom tho City Hall for Lafayette Square, iu or*
dor of programme.
’■ he military escort is composed of the following
cot panics:
'i ir Ringgold Flying Artillery, Col. Taylor, or
dj: d here from Fort McHenry; Baltimore, de
tic incut of Mamies, under Lieut. Henderson;
W. hingtou Light Infantry, Capt. Ta es ; Nation
al! ■ rets, Capt. 11aeon ; Continentals, Capt. Wilsoj
V. i.ktr Sharp Shooters, Capt. Bradford; German
Ya: ors, Capt. Scliwartzinau; Boone Riflemen,
Cu| t. Bright,
Then followed surveying officers and soldier*
v. ii > served under Jackson, and civic procession
U' l’iirding to the programme. Many distinguisb
e i Individuals took part in the procession, which
1 h 'Cnted a very imposing appearance.
The day could not have been u finer one. Every
np| roach to Lafayette Square is already thronged;
our citizens generally are participating.
A Norle Gift.— We are authorized to say that a
g'U leuqan who attended tho Madiai meeting last
evening, at the Metropoiitun llall, sent the Ameri
e;n Bible Society, this morning, a check for ten
thousand dollars, ($10,000) to aid in circulating the
BibiC, that book so universally favorable to civil
and religious liberty, and so dreaded by all ty
rar.ts.—A’. Y. C</tn. Adv.
Sale of Negroes. —The sale of one hundred
negroes belonging to the est -te of the late John
Singleton took place to-duv. Bovs from 15to
25 years old brought S9OO to *sl,oo0 —a few over
SI,OOO. Young women sold for $750 to SBSO.
The averuge was $530. — Columbia Banner.
M. de Marco!eta, the Nicaraguan Minister,
w hose recall has been requested by our Govern
ment, bus written a letter to the editor of th«
Courier dee Etats Unis, in which he says: “Ib»v*
done nothing but follow the instructions #f tof
Government to the very letter, and that witb all
possible respect; one day, iny correspondence will
published, cndjustice will bo done.”
The contributions to the Washington Natlocai
Monument, received from the J6th of December W
tho 3d of January, amount to $3,349.40.
The Mail for Havana will hereafter leave Cbariee*
ton on the 15th and 80th, instead of the Sth and
22d of each month, by steamer Isabel.
Iron Lace.—lt is stated that at Nottingham*
England, the great centre of the lace manufacturt*
they are now manufacturing a most beautiful
tide of lace for window curtains, bed curtain**
Arc., of iron wire. Iron houses, iron ships, sod
now, iron capes for the ladies !
Great Railroad Speed.— The e *P*®**
with five ears, ran over the Utica and Scnenect#
ay railroad (78 miles) in odc hour and Uurty-nw
minutes. —Albany Ent* Jour., Thursday,
t’oMMON Schools in Pennsylvania. I** l *
from the school report just made to tha nn *Aj
vania legislature, that there are in that ®hate
common schools, with 7,880 male and 8-853
tenchers, and 267,059 male and 918,71*
scholars. The average oost of
t cholur is 42 cents per month, and the j
instruction $743,546. The whole amoont (
tax levied last year was $982,196, bwides me
t f $158,958 appropriated by the legislature*