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DAILY CHRONICLE fi" SENTINEL. BV WILLIAM S. JONES, daily, tri-weerly and weekly. CASH SYSTEM.—lnnoc&se will anorderforthe paper be attended to, unless accompanied with th a and in every instance when the time for which the subscription maybe paid, expires before the receipt of fundstoc enew the same, thepaper will be discon tinued. TERMS: D 4U.Y PAPER, to City Subscribers,per annum, in advance t 6 00 DAILY PAPER, mailed to the country I CO TRI-WEEKLY PAPER,mailed to thecountry... 400 WEEKLY,(a mammothsheet) “ ... 800 From China. The ship Tartar, from Shanghae at SanFrancis oo, bring the following important news from China. Capture of Suanguae.— The following from the North China Herald of Sept. 10th, gives a bulletin account of the capture of Shanghae by the insur gents. Tuesday, Sept. 6th.—During the past week the city of Shanghae has been on the eve of an out break. By a reference to our issue of the 20th of August, it will be seen that a proclamation had than been issued speaking of the assembling of lawless banditti, to the number of hundrcds.or thousands, and denouncing a man of the name of Le, as the head of the band, whoso apprehension was deter mined on. About the period in question, lie and fourteen others were taken up, and detained for some hours at the office of the magistrate, when the the latter was informed that unless Lo were let go his head would answer for it. Le and his follow ers were accordingly discharged, and a certain sum was given them as indemnification for allegod false imprisonment. Since that time, Le has be come more and more courageous, and the unruly spirit of the place having been encouraged by the accession of one or two hundred by Fokien junks, who are also members of the secret societies, it was determined to commence operations. Last Satur day, being the tirst of the moon, when according to usual custom the Taou-lao had to proceed to the Fokien temple to make an offering to the Queen of Heaven, it resolved to waylay him, upset the go vernment, and establish the same order (or rather disorder) of things which has prevailed for the last three months at Amoy. The Taou-tae had previous information of their intentions, and as sembled the various guilds, whom lie called upon to keep in order their unruly members; the re spectable inhabitants were also urged to stand by him, as the only neans of ensuring their own safe • ty, and the consignees of their native junks in port were exhorted to require the masters of the junks to keep their crows from coming ashore. In the meantime, Le was offered a sum of money (theysay $800) to keep things quiet; and a plan was ooncocted getting up a militia corps, which it was understood should consist of the unruly spirits above referred to, a liberal allowance to whom it was thought would boa sufficient induce ment to keep them quiet. On the afternoon of Fri day, some cannon were placed in front of the Fo kien temple, and on Saturday a body of soldiers and trusty adherents, to the amount of seven hun dred, having been assembled round the Taou-tae, he ventured at the head of this armed force to pro ceed to the temple. The precautions taken proved effectual, aud no outbreak took place. Rumor says, however, that Le has suddenly found that S3OO are insufficient to sutisfy his adherents, and that $2,600 will be necessary. Wednesday, Sept. 7. —The Small Sword Society men attacked this city early this morning, and about six o’clock the district magistrate Yuen,and one of his attendants were killed. Tqg forty mi litia men on guard ail fled, supposed to'be in league with the rioters. The magistrate’s office was gutted, and the prisoners liberated. A man at the north gate was also killed; his body is still lying there. "The S. S. men wear a badge of red cloth on their jackets and caps; they walk about without the least fear, no one molests them, and they abstain from plunder. They are now said to be at the Taou-tae’s office, which they have sur rounded, having taken possession of the guns in from. Some say the Taou-tae is inside ; a further report says that he has submitted to the rebels, who have iu consequence spared his life ; others, that he has escaped. The shops are all closed, but the people seem quiet, aud there is no dispo sition to remove or flee. We suspect it will end in the S. S. men taking possession of the city, they have already done ot Ka-ding,aud organizing a government of their own, which will soon be in correspondence with the insurgents at Nanking. Foreigners need be under no apprehension. They had better, however, be on their guard. The North China Herald, of Oct. 23 says: Oar news this week is all rumor. One party just re turned from Nankin asserts that the Mongols are in that neighborhood. Accounts from the North state that a very large levy (270,000) of Mongol troops has been made, and about 7,000 of them had marched southwards. Another futile attack was made by the Imperialists on Shanghai on the 28th instant, in which report says the ex-Taon tac led a body of troops on to the attack. Woo (Saiaqu*) has made a communication to the foreign consuls requesting them to notify to their respective mercantile communities, that un less on business, they are not to go in aud out of the different encampments at pleasure, lest their seizure by the Imperialist soldiery, who may be unable at the moment to distinguish between tht good and the evil, should inflict a wound upon the good understanding between China and their sev eral nations. The North China Herald of Oct. 25th says : “We have scarcely space to allude to the Camp of the Imperialists at Soocbow creek, but we have not much to say, beyond its being a gay sight enough, which its innumerable banners, and the bustle and animation consequent on the congregating of so many human beings, as bussy as bees, if not so usefully employed. The junks extend a great way up the creek—perhaps a mile reckoning from the bridge upwards. The amament we hear is under different commanders, whose several divisions suc cessively take the field against the Insurgents, so that if one party is dispatched by ill-success, the others may have opportunities of receiving the dis grace ; perhaps not a bad idea with Chinese troops, although very novel to European tactics—where unity is strength, and promptitude and decision achieve the victory.' 1 The Herald, of the latest date, Oct. 29th, says : ‘‘All that we can say about the war amounts to but little. The Imperialists have made many unsuc cesful attacks, both by land and water, but the In surgents held as firm possession of the city of Shanghae as ever. The ill-directed fire of the Im perialists from the river having sent a ball into the Roman Catholic cathedral, the French steamer Cassini ordered the Antelope higher up the river. The Taou-tea placed an armed boat opposet the Custom House, which, is likely to lead to a colli sion with the Insurgen’s, has been ordered off by the Spartan , and is now lying in the Soochow creek. The Insurgents Chief has discovered a large amount of Sycee silver aud treasure at the bottom of a well, at the house of a former Intendent of Shanghae. The time that has been placed to eon - ceai it is also pungent to the eyes of the excava tors, that they arc unable to work at it long togeth er. A huge heap of it lies in one of the rooms of Lew, the chief. A report, considered to bfe worthy of credit states that three months since the supplies of rice were exhausted at Peking, and wheat and other northern grains wore used as food. Two-thirds of the usual population had quitted the city. Wo hear, says the Herald of October 29th, that a brother of Dew’s, the Grand Master of the Triad Society, from Canton, and another adherent, ar rived last week per the lona, and are safe in Shanghae. <*n the 9th of September the Birtish Consul is siied a lengthy notification to the British residents of Shanghae, in reference to the payment of duties and clearance of vessels, in the absence of a «* U3 ‘. tom house and all legal authority at the port. The merchants and shipmasters contended that the treaty had for the moment no existence at the port since there was no Government to carry out its provisions, and that in regard to the rights and claims of a custom house, where none exists there can be no obligation to observe its rules or pay its duties. The British Consul replies to this, that the capture of an isolated seaport like Shanghae, can not abrogate the treaty, and that it is his duty to see that the rights of the Chinese Government suf fer no infringement. He therefore orders thedu tiee on imports to be p aid him, to be held in them UllU tUe Chmese Government can claim Edward Cunningham, the UniteH v Consul, with the approval of[ Commissioner shall, issued a sinnliar notification to a , • residents of Shanghae. ° A,1 ‘^icau This course had excited great dissatisfaction in the mercantile community, both English r Americau. 8 u The following is the translation of a letter from Lew le-Chnen, the Great Generalissimo charged •with the general government of Shanghai under the T’hacping Celestial Empires addressed to the Consuls of Great Britain* France, Portugal, Prus sia and Hamburg: Some days ago, 1 came to an understanding with the merchants of your honorable nation, that you were to afford assistance to neither party. At pre sent Heen-fung, of the Tartar dynasty, is nearly destroyed, having lost nine-tenths of his territory. Thaepiug-wang is now in possession of Nanking with the walls and moats of the golden city, while his fame has extended over four seas; in over whelming the cities of the Tartar dynasty, las Brogress has been like that of a splitting bamboo. e has now sent a body of troops to attack Peking which iu a few days will be captured, as is well known to everybody. I have entered into an ar rangement with Thae ping-wang, between whom and myself there are constant communications, to and fro. My troops, and the soldiers under the government of Thae ping-wang, constitute but une army. China is now viewed iu the same light w.thforeign nations. When I obtained the city of tshaiighie, I came to a clear understanding with the various foreign States, that they should carry pu commercial intercourse as usual. Iu accordance with the request of the various Consuls, 1 have also commanded the soldiers and volunteers under my authority, not to disturb in any way the mer chants residing on the north side of the city ; thus I am on terms of amity with the various foreign nations. Information, however, has been con veyed to me some days ago, that Woo-Keenehaug, the expelled Taou t». of Shanghae, had a foreign vessel at anchor on the north side of tho city, in vlio inner waters ; when 1 ordered my soldiers to go and take possession of the guns and powder which were on board of her. At that time, how ever, my soldiers observed that the American Consul had, with the assistance of a number of his soldiers, taken the guns and powder which were on board, and removed them to another place. 1 did not then think it worth while to dis pute tho matter with him. Aftorwards, when \Voo-kcen-chang returned to Shanghae, tho Ameri can Consul took tho guns and powder, together with the charts, which ho had removed, and gave them up to tho Tartar troops. lie also instructed them how to form batteries and such like. Car riages havo been made for the guns iu question, it is said with the view of attacking the city ot Shanghae. Tho soldiers under my command have frequently told mo of this, and 1 could not bring myself to believe them ; but two or threo days ago* some of Ilccn-fung’s troops came into the city, and informed mo that such was really tho case, when 1 became fully aware of the improper transaction. At present, the city which I hold is strong, the provisions abundant, and the troops well trained, so that we have nothing to fear. But should thero be any danger of our city being taken, it is not to be supposed that my master at Nanking will quiotly sit down, and allow it to be done. I have hitherto been on good terms with the Ameri can Commissioner Marshall, and the Consul Cun ningham ; I cannot thcreforo understand tor what reason they have secretly done this thing; but I have resolved to make it everywhere public. On a former day, when 1 entered tho city of Flumg hae, all my soldiers wanted to kill Woo keen-eliang, but 1, remembering that wo were fellow-towns men, especially ordered thorn not to behead him, and only to place him and liis family in security within that city. The American Consul, Cun ningham, howovor, besought me, as a particular favor, that I would allow him to return to his na tive village, whereupon I ordered my soldiers to escort him out of the city. This was on account of tho good understanding which I had with the American nation; but my master (in Nanking) having heard of it, has already blamed mo for so doing. Now as the various nations, though on terms of amity, do not assist me, how is it that they secretly assist the Manchow thieves? 1 earnestly hope that you will assist neither party, when the Mancho thieves will soon be extermina ted. At present Woo-koen-chang has this same foreign vessel at anchor opposite the E wo-jetto, which I wish to bo driven away immediately, so that she may not be allowed to anchor amongst the merchant vessels of foreign nations; on this account 1 send you tho present communication, accompanied with my desires for your daily happi ness. Details of the News by the Baltic. The Baltic did not leave Liverpool until Thurs day evening, tho 29th ult., at 9 o’clock, having been detained 86 hours beyond her appointed ’ time for sailing, by low tides, which prevented her leaving her dock. The Baltic arrived at the Hook [ at 2A.M ,on Thursday, and was detained by fog ’ until 4 o’clock, fourteen hours. | The foreign papers aro largely occupied with details and speculations relating to the Soule duels. : We find no new facts stated. The inly cventof political interest is tho deci sion of Lord Palmerston to retain office. The rea- I son assigned is that his difference with tho Gov , eminent on the Reform Bill has been adjusted. 1 The Times renews its assertions that foreign affairs had nothing whatever to do with his tender of | resignation. 1 The Eastern question remains in statu quo. No new movement has taken place on either side. It is stated that the Turkish Divan is not disinclined to listen to the new proposals of the Four Powers, but it is believed the evacuation of the Principali ties will still be demanded. Letters from Paris state very distinctly that Louis Napoleon was very peremptory in his de termination to protect Turkey after the affair at Sinope. Eastern Affairs.—lntelligence has been receiv ed from Constantinople that the last note of the \ icuna Conference has been accepted by the Porte. The propositions embodied in that docum nt were submitted to the Grand Council of the Empire, discussed at much length, aud were pronounced by the majority of members to be such as might be accepted by Turkey without dishonor or humilia tion. The representatives of the Four Powers em ployed their best efforts to produce that decision. It remains to be seen what Russia will do. The same despatch which announces the lad of tho \ ienna propositions, adds that it Russia still ! maintains her arrogant demands, refuses to nego tiate, and continues hostilities, as at Sinope, the ! Powers will, without any delay, assume the altitude 3l energy which becomes them, and which, in fact, means nothing more or less in reality than j war. Both the Turkish Minister iu Persia, and the Por | -'ian Minister at Constantinople, have quitted their posts contrary to the advice of the trench and English Ministers. The Turks are preparing for an expedition against Sebastopol. tho above, we have accounts from \ ienna, 24th, that the Persians and Russians havo opened a direct communication, aud that the Rus j sian General ’t ermoloff is to command the Persian j forces. By advices of tho 2d, wo also learn that ti.e Persian Beglerbcgs have receeived orders to prepare quarters for the reception of troops. Odessa letters of the 6th state positively that the Jagondib, 90 gun ship, was at the battle of Sinope. The official bu letins do not mention this loss. This shin was bravely attacked by a Turkish l'ri gate and both vessels blew up. One of the Turk ish admirads aides de-camp had died of his wounds at Sebastopol. The admiral, Osman Pacha, has himself had a limb amputated, and now lies in a dangerous state. The Turks themselves esti mated the loss they sustained at Sinope in ships, munitions, and treasure, at twenty millions of pias tres. It appears that the Moldnvo-Wallachian militia, recently incorporated with the Russian forces, can not ho trusted in the field against the Turks. I hey arc, therefore, to be employed to do garrison duties in the Principalities. Papers by the overland India mail, stato that the Shah of Persia had left Teheran, with 30,000 caval r\, 1,000 cannon arid 3,000 camel loads of amnni tion to co-operate with the Russians. He had passed Tabreez. The Shah was also urging Dost aloha aimed to side with Persia and Russia. Russia had made two levies of recruits in Po land. The European residents at Smyrna had contri bated 3tK>,ooo francs for the volunteers in the Turk ish service. j A ' u ‘ s pht in the Cabinet has been patched up, and Lord Pa.merston continues in his office. Says the Times, as semi-officially—“ We were enabled to state on Friday, December 16th, that \ iscount Palmerston has tendered his resig nation of the office of Secretary of Stato for the Homo Department, and had therefore ceased to form a part ot the Queen’s Government, if his resignation was aceepte Iby the Crown. That an nouncement was strictly accurate, and accordingly v iscount Palmerston has not attended the meet ings of the Cabinet which have been held since ho expressed his intention to resign. It is, how ever, well known that the important office of Home Secretary has not been filled up or accepted by any other member of the Government; and we have now the satisfaction to learn that the resigna tion o. Lord Palmerston lias not been defitii’ely accepted, but is withdrawn, aud that the Secretary of state for the Home Department will retain, we can hardly say, resume his former position in tuo present administration. Explanations, lion orable alike to all the parties concerned in this transaction, have been exchanged, and as the difficulties which had arisen between Lord Pal merston and liis colleagues were limited, as we havo already stated on a former occasion, to the question of Parliamentary Reform, as dealt with by John Russell, it has been found possible, without an} sacrifice or principle, to place the Government basis” 011 U united arKl wc llo P e a permanent France.-—On the 22d, the French Government received official intelligence that the combined fleets had entered the Black Sea. It was according ly probable that the Russian Ambassador would demand, if ho had not already demanded, an expla uation, with reference to the entry of the fleet, and whether it is meant as a hostilo demonstration on the part of h ranee against Russia ? The answer is expected to be that the policy of the French Gov ernmeut has undergone no change; that peace is still the object it desires, and that no effort consis tent with the national honor and the integrity and’ honor of the Sultan, tho ally of France, will be spared in its attainments, and that tho presence of the fleets is less n hostilo demonstration than for the purpose of preventing the recurrence of such a calamity as that which has recently taken place. T m-H S p at i Cd ’ llo wever, that on the resignation of Jt-', 1 , lerst ? n > the Emperor Napoleon caused a the Karl of e AwT,T ery plnin term9 ’ t 0 be sent to •mce when ~ ? r d. e en > askiu f? for a definite assur kev 1 tnglandintonlod to stand by Tor- Portugal p in hcr hour of need. St. Bento on 19th D^mber^ o^ 3 a s ° at Regent’s reiteration of his’oath of young king, Pedro V., was also lbe brother, Don Luiz as Constable if the kin ,\ h h ‘ S Germany.— A letter from Frelbnw - the 18tK states that the Jesuit MLioiurtah’Jjf been ordered by the authorities to leave the Z within a week. A similar order was issued about a month previous, but was withdrawn by the Re gent, m tue hope that they would profit by the in- The Chambers are convoked to moot January 6th. Austrian mediation is spoken of m the Jesuit quairel. F . I,IA A-h.' l ’ G’iiina.—-OeLails °f tho news by the verland India and China Mail are to hand. The news from India is of little interest to our readers. Dates from Shanghai are to the 2d of November liiere was no new feature to report in the war Constant fighting was going on, with little result on either side. The Imperialists numbered 14,000, and the foreign vessels hitherto employed at Chin-Kiang-jfoo had boon brought round to assist them- The fleet of Junks was also coming, and unless the insurgents receive reinforcements it is doubtful if they will be able to hold the city. The Ex-Taoutao Samqua is short of funds, and lie had some difficulty with the British Consul in cons e quence of pro eating himself and armed followers on the neutral ground. A. correspondent of the London Times aays : The proceedings of the American Commissioner and the American Vice Consul as regards neutrali ty, are somewhat equivocal, and the insurgent chief has addressed a letter on the subject. The payment of the duties during the capturo of Shanghai, and the present collection of them, arc being agitated by the foreign authorities and the Imperial Governments and was causing much ex citement. The Britisli Consul has intimated that no duties will be paid by tho British traders till the city is again under Tartar sway. On the other hand, Mr. Marshall insists on payment in silver— against which the American merchants have vehemently protested. Os tho progress of tho insurrection in the North wo have no reliable accounts. Ningpo was quiet. Amoy, Nov. sth, was expected to be speedily re taken by tho Imperialists. At Canton there was nothing now. Tho price of tea was maintained, and tho finer qualities wore scarce. At Shanghai shipments of tea wore active; in imports little doing. Mr. Marshall was at Macao, awaiting the arrival of his successor. At Whampoa, U. S. ships of War Macedonian, Mississippi, Powhattnn, Supply; at Macoo, store ship Southampton ; at Cumsihg-Moon, Vandaliu, and at Shanghai, Saratoga. Latest News by Telegraph. Sweden, Stockholm, 20.—Tho King has invited the Diet to nominate a small number of its mem bers possessing its entire confidence lo whom as a secret committee tho government may make an important communication. It is believed that the government wishes to bring some momentous facts connected with Foreign affairs to the knowledge of the Diet. Berlin, 24th. — Negotiations arc ponding bo tween Sweden and Denmark, having for object tho conclusion of alcuguo, offensive and deb naive between the two States. (%Mck & Sentinel AUGUSTA, GEORGIA. TUESDAY MOBXIXU JAN’Y 17, 1851. SEE FIRST PA GE, *3 Georgia Legislature.— Wo have received no letter from our Milledgcvilio eorrespodent since Saturday morning. Wo are unable to account for the delay. < ongreas. Siege Saturday, wo have received five mails from the north. The demand upon our columns is therefore so great to-day, that we have no space for the proceedings of Congress in detail, even if their importance would justify it, which unfortu nately for the country is not the case. We append a summary of whatever is of interest in tho pro ceedings of the 10th, 11th and 12th. In tho Senate, Mr. Bright introduced a bill grauting land to various railroad companies, for the construction of railroads in the several States, Referred. This bill grants four hundred thousand acres of laud to each of the following named railroad com panies, who jointly are to construct a continuous railroad from Lake Erie to tho mouth of' the Ohio and to New Orleans and Mobile; the Ohio and New Orleans Railroad Company from Mobile, and Ohio road in Tennessee to Paducah in Ken tucky; the Ohio River and Wabash Railroad from Paducn toVinconnese, through Illinois: the South western Railway, from Yiucennese to Indianapolis; tho Toledo and Indiuuapolis Railway Company, from Munich, Indiana, to the Ohio State Line : and the Toledo and Indianapolis Company in Ohio, from the Indiana State Line to Toledo, at Lake Erie, making a total grunt of two millions of acres of public lands. Tho companies are immediately to select the lands and shall carry the U. S. mails lree of all charge, and in time of war, shall transport troops and munitions free of cost. On tho 11th Gen. Cass lot off any amount of gas, filling fourteen columns of the Globe on the Clay ton and Bulwer treaty, and Mr. Clayton followed in reply on tho next day—we have not seen the speech of the latter. Tho House finally passed tho resolution of thanks and a medal to Cap! Ingraham, for his con duct in the Costa atl'air, and gabbled a good deal about printiug the census and regulating tho pay ing of members of Congress. So much for three days proceedings of an American Congress! Veri ly wo are a progressive people. Tho Senate did not sit Friday, having adjourn ed over to Monday. The House of Representatives passed a very im portant bill, to secure the rights of citizenship to the children of citizens born outofthe limits of tho L nited States. Atier the dispatch of some other business, the House refused to take up the private calendar, but went into Committee of the W hole to consider the reference of the President’s Messago. Mr. Ewing ot Kentucky, occupied tho floor tor an hour in objections to that portion of tho Message which relates to tho laying ol tonnage duties on domestic commerce for the support of internal improve ments. He considered the suggestion not only ns unconstitutional, but monstrous. The House then spent sometime in considera tion of tho bill prescribing the manner of appoint ing the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury—a rub stitute for which, providing that tho law should be prospective,and applicable only when a vacan cy occurred, was proposed uud adopted, and the bill was then rejected by a vote of 70 to 107. The House adjourned over to Monday.— Sat. Intel. The Gardiner Trial has been brought to a stand by tho sudden and mystorious disappearance of some important papers, supposed to have been stollen by Dr. Gardiner. The ll ushington Star says: The sensation created by the abstraction ol the all-important forged mining title from umono- the papers in tho Gardiner case, continues to boa sub ject of general conversation and wonderment hero lot no one in Washington seems to have the slightest doubt us to the porson who took it. Tho destruction of that paper is all-important to the de fence, and more especially to the end of defeating the Government in the chancery ease for tho re turn of tho moueyflo the Treasury, fraudulently ab stracted on this claim. The testimony taken on the work of investiga tion into tho loss of this paper, shows that it was last seen resting on a pile or bundle of yellow papers in the case. That Dr. Gardiner wits seen to car ry oif these yellow papers ; and that ho carried tho papers he had gathered up out of tho court-house over into another house. These are all the materi al facts concerning the transaction so far elicited. Safety of Captain Gardiner.—Wo are grati fied to announce, that a telegraphic despatch has been received from Capt. Gardiner, of Ist Dra goons, who was on board the San Francisco, by his brother in this city, saying : “I have been shipwrecked, but am well and safe.” Ihe H.on. I[. A. Muhlenburu, a member of Congress from Pennsylvania, died in Washington on the 9th inst. Ilis remains were sent homo un der the escort of a committee of the House. Both houses adjourned over on the 11th inst. aftor pass ing the customary resolutions. Judah Touro, the wealthy Israelite merchant, of New Orleans, who has long been distinguished for his enlarged and liboral philanthropy to all sects and denominations, was lying at the point of death, at the last dates from that city. Finances of New York. —The annual report of the Comptroller of the State of New York esti mates that for the fiscal year ending 30th Septem ber next, tho ordinary expenses of the State will exceed the revenuo by tho sum of $102,209. The deficiency of the past year reached $419,212. The total debt of tho State is $24,288,568. Major Mobbie, the first assistant postmaster general, was on Thursday lying in what was sup posed to boa dying condition, at his rosidenco in Washington. Leonard Smith, Esq., an old and respected citi zen ol New Orleans, died suddenly on Thursday of apoplexy. Ihe Steamer Union, is to receive $25,000 for Francisccn* vice iu Bearch of tho Steamer San at Lafayette, Indiana, »miuutoV*BoV« C BStro, “ d pr ° l ’ wt? wtl ‘ e Washington Correspondence. Washington, Jan 12, 1854. The Washington Star, though small affair, but quite a spirited little paper, may be considered the confidential organ of the Administration—the straw which indicates the direction of tho breeze from the Whito House. The Editor is one of the free and easy sort of fellows, who walks into the sanctums of tho Secretaries, if not into the pres ence of liis would-bo Majesty himself, unannounc ed, with cigar in mouth, and paper and pencil in hand to “take notes.” Ilonce it is that every Democrat watches the Star with as much interest as the mariner watches tho wind-vane to see how the breeze is setting, and how to trim sails. It is not unknown to you that Senator Bright is considered tho head and front—the ringleader of the opposition to tho Administration in Congress; that it was ho who brought about the election of Tucker as Printer to the Senate, and who intro duced tho bill which was intended to legislate out of ollice the present Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, Peter S. Washington, who, byway of parenthesis, has contrived to excite more odium against himself in his own party here, than he will over be able entirely to wipe out with all the power lie now wields in so arbitrary a manner. Tho President is much in the habit of sending for those who it is apprehended may be, or are known to bo disaffected, taking them aside and talking affectionately and confidentially with them, and even inviting them to a “private and confiden tial” dinner, and if all this does not answer, of giving them significant hints through tho Star, that the reasons for their being “sore-headed democrats” are well known. This mode of dis ciplining tho party being well understood, the remarks of tho Star in reference to individuals are taken as shadowing forth tho feelings and inten tions of the Executive. Such was the caso when that paper, a short time ago, opened up George N. Sanders, Consul at London ; and in an issue of a day or two ago, it took occasion to say that it was quite uncertain who would be nominated as Mar shal of Indiana, Mr. Robinson, Bright’s particular Iriond, who was appointed last spring, being charged with once having boon tainted with free soihsm! As Mr. Robinson, who was a member of theSOth, 31st and S2d Congresses, has ever been as con sistently opposed to froeaoilism as any man from the West, this intimation is plainly a broad hint to Mr. Bright, that if he does not prove more tracta ble, obedient and loyal, his friends shall bo cut down around him, and ho must expect them to have no share in the “spoils of office”—that great object for which the discordant factious of the country banded togothcr in 1852, But notwith standing the threat thus thrown out to intimidate a Senator, and perhaps to induce his personal iriondsto importune him to return to his allegi ance, give in his adhesion, and humbly acknowl edge “the divine right” of the President to the “passive obedience” of his sycophantic subjects, I do not believe the nomination of Mr. Robinson will bo withheld. If itshould bo, Indiana is thrown away by tho Executive, and she would arrange herself at once in line with New York. No one knows this better than Gen. Pierce, and ho will scarcely have the hardihood to make such an ex periment at this time. I mention these little mat ters because, though small, they are important as illustrating the spirit which prevails here, of the Executive in bringing about “subordination” or “passive obedience” on tho one side, and of sub missiveness on the other. Mr. Bailey, of Va., indignantly rebuked this spirit of dictation a short time ago, in his speech upon the bill to regulate the appointment of the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. He protested against being told continually that tins would be distasteful to tho administration, and that is con trary to the wishes of the administration, and the administration are in lavor of this and opposed to that, Ac., Ac. 1 do not quote his words, but the purport of his remarks. But Mr. Bailey stands almost alone—tho two Stantons only from the Southern wing of the party standing with him, and it may be therefore that his name and senti ments may not have much weight with the party at tho South. There is no probability now of the nomination of j Mr. Re ifield, the successor of Judge Bronson, bo- I ing rejected. Gen. Cass has given in his adhesion to tho Coalition of Free Softer* and Fire-Eaters, agaiust the urgent remonstrances of many of his old and most faithful and devoted friends—friends who were placed in their present position by their attachment and fidelity to him. Mr. Weller, too, who wrote so fierce a letter in reply to an invitation to address tho “Hard” meeting in the city of New York, and then explained it all away in another to the Union—this gallant Bob Acres has “caved in,” and become one of tho “passive obedients.” Here after ho shall roar you as gently as any sucking dove. Atchison, Bright and Broadhead, are, 1 Lear, the only Senators who neither have nor will give in their adhesion to the policy of the little Brigadier. But the Nebraska territorial bill will givo the coalition a shaking. If Ido not misjudge men, you will see some of those who have very lately taken their stand upon the Baltimore platform, jumping from it iu a hurry. This bill will proba bly lead to a protracted and angry debate. But “sufficient for the day,” Ac. The debate upon the Central American subject was opened yesterday by Mr. Cass. Mr. Clayton replies to day. An important bill was introduced into tho Senate on Monday, namely—to establish a Court to inves tigate claims against the United States. Something of this kind is greatly needed to further the ends of justice. Another bill was also introduced to provide for the payment of certain Texan debts. The subject of tho Pacific Railroad goes, in tho Senate, to a select committee of nine. Mr. Gwin at its head. It is understood hero that a Whig will bo elected U. S. Senator by tho Legislature of Maine, and that Mr. Pearce, the ablo Senator from Maryland, will bo re elected. Mr. Clemens is now spoken of by the Star, in connection with the Consulship of Havana !—sig nificant. Mr. Clemens was understood, when he came here, to approve the eourso of the New York “Hards,” and was consequently invited to address the Philadelphia meeting; but to the surprise of those who invited him, he published a reply in the Union, which they deny having received, disap proving of the meeting, and avowing his general approval of the policy of the Administration. The President does not wish to be considered ungrate ful. _ Oglethorpe, [communicated.] We perceive by the “ Easton Gazette” (Md.,) that Dr. C. C. Cox of that town is named as one of tho candidates for tho Senate of the United States, to take tho placo of Mr. Pearce. Wo learn that Dr. C. ib well qualified by oratorical and diplomatic talent, to perform the duties of the post to which a largo body of his fellow citizens propose to olect him, and tho fact that the nomina tion comes uusought, argues well for his success. [The latest intelligence induces the belief that Mr. Pearce will be re- elected.— Ed. Chron. & Sen.] The Now York Custom House officers, it is said, have detected smuggling operations to a large amount that have been carried on by parties who brought the goods over in the British mail steam ers. About $90,000 of the property, diamonds, watches and jewelry, have been recovered. It is also alleged that tho abstractions of valuable goods made from the Custom House stores during the last four months will amount to $200,000 in value. U. S. Consul at Genoa.— Mr. F. Forest!, upon whom this appointment was conferred by the President, lias been rejectod by the government at Turin. They refuse to recognize him, because of his having been concerned in the Italian move ment iu New York, last spring, iu the affair of the refugees brought by the frigate San Giovanni. Another ground of offence is that Foresti is said to be implicated with tho friends of Mazzirn in their hostility against the present government of Sardinia. The now ship Gazetteer, built at Rockland, Me., 1115 tons burthen, has been sold for $61,000. Sho is now loading an assorted cargo for Australia. JAX’Y 17, 1851. Item*. Fears are entertained in Boston that the ship Tarn O’Shanter, from Calcutta, has been lost, as she is much beyond her time. She has on board a cargo valued at $300,000. The Hon. Thomas H. Perkins, one amongst the oldest and most respected citizens and merchants of Boston, died in that city on the 11th inst. Tho total amount of public debt of the United States on January Ist, as shown by the Register’s statement, was $54,398,757.52. The American ship Constitution was passed at sea on the Ist inst., in lat. 39, 18, lon. 70, 87, full of water, and abandoned. The masts were painted white. The steamer Union of Charleston, has been char tered by Government and sailed on the 10th inst. in search of the San Francisco. The owners of the Keystone State, have tender ed the use of their steamship to the Government to assist in tho soarch of tho steamship San Fran cisco. Tho city authorities of Philadelphia have just made a subscription of two millions of dollars in aid of the Sanbury and Erie Railroad. The ship Chauncey Jones from Havre is ashore at Long Branch. She is owned in New York by Eagle and Hazard. The steamer Jamestown brought up the Captain and four Sailors. Tho suit against tho city of Philadelphia for damages in consequence of the nlugs being frozen during the burning of Harts building in the winter of 1852, has been decided against the plaintiffs. The new paper, the Citizen, by John Mitchel, had issued Forty Thousand copies of its first num ber when it closed its office-doors on Saturday night, and had not one copy left in the office, but many orders unfilled on its books. A new edition was issued on Monday. Doubted. —The reported escape of Smith O’Bri en from Van Dieman’s Land is doubted, Sir Lucius O’Brien, of Dromoland, the Exile’s brother, hav ing had no information of the fact at the time the last steamer sailed. Sixpenny Savings Bank. —This institution in N. York continues to increase in popularity and use fulness. Since the bank was opened in July, $53,963.79 have been deposited by 2,143 deposi tors. Peabody Prizes. —George Peabody, Esq., of London, has offered S2OO a year, during his life, to be laid out in prizes for merit among the scholars of his native town of Danvers. The cars passod over tho High Bridge across the Appomattox river and bottom, on the South Side Railroad, for the first time on Saturday last. The bridge is 120 feet above the water, about half a mile in length, and is in every respect a wonderful work. Loss of Ship Tam O’Shanter.— Tho pilot boat Palmetto brought up to this city yesterday, Fran cis Yo:k, Geo. Ilenwood and Edw. Mitchell, sea men, who were lately attached to tho ship Tam O’Shanter, Capt. Soule, of New Haven, from Cal cutta for Boston. The Tam O’Shanter, it appears had a fine passage of 105 days from Calcutta to George’s Bunk, but on the 24th ult., encountered a series of heavy gales, which carried away her bul warks, stanchions, Ac., and caused her to leak so much that the officers and crew had to abandoned her on the 2Sth ult., and take to the boats, the ship then having 15 feet water iu the hold. They were picked up, however, a few hours afterwards, by the schoonor Fides, from a Northern port bound to the West Indies, and on the 2d inst., having fallen in with the ship Wellfeot, of Boston for N. Orleans, 13 of them were transferred to that vessel, and on the 4th inst., the brig Dr. Rogers, from Bath, Mo., for Jacksonville, Fla., took on board the three seamen above named, who were taken from her off the Baron Saturday by the pilot boat Pal metto. Capt. Soule, and Messrs. Lep and Roland, passengers, remained, we learn, on board the Fides, and expected to lie landed at Bermuda. The loss of the Tara O’Shanter. wo perceive, was anticipated in Boston on the 9tn inst., in con sequence of her having been so much beyond her time. She had on bsard a cargo valued at $300,- 000.— Charlesoon, Cour. The vessel reported ashore near Stono Inlet, in Saturday’s Courier, proves to be the schr. Eliza Warren, from an eastern port, bound to Savannah, with a cargo of spars and sundries. We have not learned what her condition is.— Charleston Courier. Wo are gratified to state that the ahip Susan G. Owens, Capt. Pierce, was towed ou Sunday from off the north breaker of ship bar by the steamers Gordon, Aid, and Charleston, and brougnt up to tho city yesterday morning by the steamer Calhoun. She leaks, we understand, a little, but we believe she has sustained no serious injury.— Oh. Courier. Probable Capture of Canton. —A report was current yesterday, said to have been derived from soino of the passengers who arrived in the Mer maid, to the effect that at the latest advices from that city it was anticipated by some of the best in formed foreign,residents,-—,among them Mr. Parker the veteran Chinese missionary—that the place would be in the hands of the revolutionists within three days. This event would virtually place in their hands all the most important points through out the empire, and would almost insure the com plete subversion of the Tartar dynasty.— San Francisco paper, Dec. 16. Loss of the American shiv Commerce, at Sea. — The ship Commerce of New York, Capt. Whitles sy, hence for London, Dec. 21st, was abandoned at sou on the 26th ult., in lat. 40.50, lon. 66.10. The following aro the particulars:—On Dec. 25th, the ship sprung a leak. 26th, the ship Andrew Fos ter, from Liverpool for this port, fell in with her and took off captain, crew and 21 passengers, and brought them to this port. Capt. Whitlessy states when he left her, she had 12 feet of water in her hold, and lay on her beam ends. It was supposed that sho sawk that night. Tho Commerce was a lino ship, 10 months old and 1100 tons burthen, valued at about $65,000, owned by Messrs. Joseph Parsons and J. Atkins and had outboard a cargo of flour and grain, val ued at $120,000. Capt. Whitlessy expresses his heartfelt thanks to Capt. Wolvertou for his kind ness to himself, crew and passengers, while on board of the Andrew Foster*— (Jour. <k Enqr. Copper Ore.— -Williams A Co have sold tho steamer “Union” to a company of gentlemen who have a contract lor transporting copper ore from tho mouth ol the Ocoee down tho Iliwassee to Charleston on the East Tennessoe and Georgia Railroad. The ore is to be carried from the mines in wagons over a new turnpike road constructed along tho banks ofthe Ocoee te its mouth. From thence to Charleston is but 18 miles, and the Hi wasseo affords water enough, nearly tho whole year for a light draft steamer to navigate that dis tance successfully. The copper of Polk county has now becomo an important article of domestic commerce and will boa permanent source of wealth to this section of the State.— Chattanooga Pennsylvania Common Schools.— The 20lh an nual report of the Superintendent of Common Schools presents many interesting fuels. The re ports from all the districts are not included, but the Superintendent estimates the number of schools open during the year at over 10,000; tho average time they were open was five months; tho average pay of toachers has increased, that of males being $19.25 per month, and that of females $12.03. The whole number of pupils in attendance was about 450.000. This does not include Phila delphia city and county, in which thero were 286 public schools, with 59,085 pupils at an expense of $411,303.85. Tho amount of school tax levied in the State, exclusive of Philadelphia city and coun ty was $1,021,337.34. Fire at Louisville.— A fire which occurred at Loirsville on Saturday last, destroyed the Custom House and eight stores. The records of the Cus tom House were saved, but the only goods it con tained, six half pipes of brandy in bond, were de stroyed. Tho principal sufferers by tho fire were Messrs Copeland, Sergeant* Co., loss SIO,OOO, insurance $4,000; Sherley & Bell, loss 15.000 in surance 5,000; and Capts. Moorhead andßusham, steamboat agents. The buildings destroyed be longed to tho estate of Mr. Weisinger and were in sured for $12,000. Awful Wreck.— The China Mail of the 6th of October, mentions the arrival at Hong Kong of the second mate and two of the passengers of the ship Lady Eve’iue, which (from that port to San Francisco,) was wreckod north of Formosa, on one of the out islands of the Loo Choo group. Os her 240 passengers only 25 escaped. The survivors got ashore, and wero treated very kindly by the natives, who enclosed a field, and put up a houso for them, gave them food, and after treating them with much kindness, would accept of no money They were taken off by the steamer Hermes, on the arrival of which vessel the Captain of the Lady Eveline made the natives liberal presents of goods. v News from Perry’s Japan Squadron.— Advices have been received in Washington, the Star says, from Commodore Perry, bearing date Macao 28th of October last. These le'ters are, fertile most part, devoted to tho diplomatic and political object of his mission. Ho states that tho climate has ener vated many of the officers and men of his squad ron. _ Loss OF Another American Vessel.— The Cap tain of tho Belgian barque Bellona arrived at New York, reports passing, on the Ist inst., iu lat. 39 18, lon. 70 37, the American ship Constitution, lyir g on her starboard side, abandoned and full of water. The New York Commercial says that the wreck will probably prove to be tho Constitution, Cap tain Bunting, which left that port about the 22d ult., with a cargo of breadstuus for Havre. She was a line vessel, of 1200 tons, built in 1850. The vossol and cargo were insured in Wall street. Tho Constitution was owned by Captain Bunting and others. itfew York Item*. A fire broke out ou the 9th inst., in the largo six Btory cabinot-waro establiahment of Messrs. Heneko & Schroedor, No. 115 Franklin street, New York, and 111 the course of half an hour it was a pile of burning ruirm. The building adjoin ing, on the east, and the Dutch Reformed Church on the west, wore materially damaged. Tho ag gregate lose is about 75,000, partially insured. * The particulars of the grounding and imminent risk of total Joss of the Empire City appear to throw great blame on the officers of that -vessel and if only a small portion of the accounts given by the passengers of the treatment they roceivod at the bands of the Company be true, it is very disgraceful to all parties concerned in tbe manage ment of that line. The Cashier of tho Lewis County Bank was arrested, on the 9th inst., at tho Howard Hotel, charged with absconding with #SOOO of the funds of that institution. He intended to sail in the Collins’ steamer of Saturday. The Royal Mail steamer Africa sailed from Now York on the 11th inst., for Liverpool, with 100 passengers and nearly one million of dollars in specie. New York, Jan. 12. — A Commission of Lunacy met yesterday in the City Hall to consider the case of Hon. Edward Curtis, former member of Congress and collector of the port. His insanity has shown itself in his promises to give sums of fifty, and one hundred thousand dollars to chari table objects ; in buying up great quantities of horses; in going to church on New Year’s day, in a linen jacket ; in calling out to a strange boy in church to ccme to him, and in other odd but harmless pieces of behaviour. Tho derangement is caused by partial paralysis of the spine which will probably soon prove fatal. A verdict of un sound mind was given by the jury, and the pro perty of Mr. Curtis—about #200,000 —will bo placed in the care of his brother. Mayor Westervelt rather to the surprise of most people has signed the ordinance cutting Albany street through Trinity Church yard. This burial ground is one of the oldest on Manhattan Island, and has always been looked upon as a relic of tho past and therefore sacred. Right in the track of tho proposed street extension, are mouldering bones of a number of revolutionary patriots, over which Trinity Corporation are now erecting a i beautiful monument. The matter will, no doubt, be contested in the law courts. Three ships, the Shelton from Antwerp, Shan - non from Liverpool, and Pristis from Peru, ar rived on tho 9th instant., ail report experiencing tho most tempestuous weather. They report pass ing a number of wrecks. Tho Shannon had 11 deaths among her emigrant passengers. A benevolent Gorman, Mr. Lindenmnller, offers to the poor, a dinnor daily for this week, between eleven o’clock and two, free of charge. At pre sent ho charges nothing. If hereafter he feels unable to continue the gratuity, he proposes to furnish it at four cents a meal. 'The dinner con sists of beef, soup and bread. The “Ericsson” cont’nues to disappoint the ex pectations of her owners. The work on her is still going forward, but doubt and disappointment are increasing about the experiment. The wind from the eastward yesterday brought into port a large number of European vessels, all of which report the severest weather, at sea, du ring the past three weeks. The George A, Phelps from Liverpool, reports speaking the steamer Union, in search of the disabled steamship Ban Francisco. During the last few days considerable astonish ment has been manifested among the Custom House attachw respecting extensive larcenies per petrated in the Custom Horse in the last few weeks. Canton silks and shawls have been ex tracted from packages to a large amount, aud tho space filled up to their original size. Suspicion has been directed towards certiin persons employed in the department, but up to last evening no arrests had been made, notwithstanding some of the skil ful government agents arc busily engaged in the search. A number of forgeries, amounting to about S2OOO, on J. S. Sullivan, a fancy goods dealer, were yesterday discovered. A young man named Evans, lately in his employ, is believed to be tho forger. He removed a short time since to Phila delphia, and a despatch was sent yesterday ,to have him arrested, which was done. The ship Susan E. Howell, of Baltimore, arrived at this port on the 11th inst., from Havre, reports having had twelve deaths, from cholera, ou tho voyage. She brings 357 steerage passengers, many of whom are said to be very sick. Chauucey Johnson, convicted of stealing *89,000 from the Bank of the State of New York, has been sentenced to the State Prison for three years and six months. Charles Stratton eonvieted'of forgery in the second degree, has been sentenced to~ six years and four months imprisonment. The total number of omnibuses in New York is 619. In addition to the above, there are some 80 or 40 stages at present running—which are not entered on the list, as their license has not been renewed during the year. The total number of omnibuses last year was 654. The decrease in omnibuses this year is very slight—a fact worthy of note, in the face of the powerful competition from the railroad. The number of hackney coaches licensed for the year was 668. A day watchman of the Metropolitan Hall, has boen arrested on suspicion ot having set fire to that building. It is alleged that about the time the tire broke out, ho was seen emerging from the Mercer street entrance. He was a day watchman, and his duties did not require his presence at tho building during tho night. On the 10th inst. soon after 11 o’clock, Dr. Wm. K. T. Lutener, a physician for the treatment of dis eases of the ear and eye only, was found weltering in blood on the floor of his office, 458 Broadway, corner of Grand street, and perfectly dead. The deceased was laying with his head elevated on a platform attached to the kgs of a table, some six inches from the floor, on and under which were large ouantities of blood. On partially moving the body, a single barrelled pistol was found lying on tho floor, it having been discharged : and, on examining the deceased it was found that he was shot in the back of the head. When first seen dead, he had a morn in o’ paper clutched firmly in his right hand, which goes to show that if the deceased shot himself he must have done it with the left hand, as the probability is that ho could not have takon tho paper after be ing shot: death, is as a natural consequence of such a wound, being produced almost instantly. A man named Hays, with whose wife the Dr. was on intimate terms, and who had threatened his life some weeks since, has been arrested. During tho investigation, some facts came to light which iuducod tho suspicion, that Mrs. Hays had committed the deed, to avenge her injuries. Philadelphia Items. As appears by the last annual report of the Au ditor General of Pennsylvania, tho following amount of $2,084,448.24 of revenue was derived from I hiladelphia during the last fiscal year by the Commonwealth. During the past year, the Clerk of the Markets in the Northern Liberties seized 888 lumps of but - ter from farmers and hucksters, short of the woight represented by the venders, besides other articles, also alleged to contain a certain amount which upon being weighed, proved light weight! Os the amount of butter 112 lumps were seized in January, 34 in February, 75in March, 79 in April 84 in May, 51 in June, 75inJntv, 70 in Auomxt’ 48 in September, 64 in October, 75 in November’ and 61 in Decomber. Tho quantity seized by the same officer in 1852, was nearly cloven hundred lumps. Th number of Omnibus lines in Philadelphia for 1858, was 45, aud the number of coaches/ 373 ; of this number, 29 are drawn by four or more horses. The Bedim Excitement at Cincinnati. Tho excitement growing out of the recent riot at Cin cinnati continues to agitato that city. The Mayor has sent in a message to the city council defending the course of the police. A town meeting has been held to give vent to tho popular indignation againßt„the latter. Resolutions were parsed de ouncing the conduct of the police as a great out rage upon the rights of citizens. The Sun, of Tie 7th instant, says that Judge Spooner and the po licemen have been arrested, and were held to ap pear yesterday, to answer to. the charge of tho President of tho Freemen Society, on behalf of that body. The Panama Railroad is now completed to Gor gona, and the river boating, hitherto so objection able, is now done away with. For the present passengers leuvo tho cars at Gorgona, and from thence nave about 20 miles mule travel to Panama over a much improved road. The transit from ocean to ocean is now roadily accomplished in 12 hours. Tho company have commenced operations in Panama, with a force of 3,600 men. Adventures for Japan.—The San Francisco correspondent of the New York Journal of Com morce says: . “ Tl j e . re ia considerable interest manifested boro in certain quarters to fit out several clipper schoo ners and other swill craft, with assorteed cargoes O- fancy goods, to be sent out to Japan, with a view of entering the harbor of Jeddo at the same time Com. ferry enters with his fleet in the spring to receive the answer to the President’s letter.” Senator Crittenden.— The telegraph announces the oleotion by the Legislature, of the Hon. John J. Crittenden ns U. S. Senator. The whole coun try will rejoice at tho return of this distinguished gentleman to tho Senate. tw Fashionable Hats.—The newest style of SV, and Winter HATS and CAPS. dl7 WM, 0, PRICK A CO,