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SATURDAY, Dcctihber 12, 1789.] THE AUGUSTA CHRONICLE *' • v • t - N AND GAZETTE of the STATE . FREEDOM of the PRESS, and TRIAL by JURY, (hall remain inviolate. Ntvj Ccnftiiution of Georgia* AUGUST A: Printed JOHN E. SMI TH, Printer to the State; EJfays y Articles of ' Advert ifements, &c. will be gratefully received, and every kind of Printing performed. For the Auguda Chronicle . Obfe rf er No. TV. .. .•• •* • i LITERATURE OF GEORGIA, j THE <ll ft (ettlements of every state in the world, where .wisdom ha 3 had any part in their regulations, hive been conduced with refeience to the iuture improvement of the Jrts and Sience >, and the general diffufipn of information Experience having taught the absolute neceflity of funds, in order to carry on »he business of education, young states have availed themselves of this, and have ge nerally reserved certain tracts of land, that they may become a landed property, capable of anfwe'ing the various future exigencies, vthich arise from the promotion of human knowledge. The Hate of Georgia, amongst others, have jfhewn, in this refpeft, a specimen of yvifdom and pie l aution, and laid the foundation, on which *he edifice of /cience may be reared With public utility and benificial grandeur. The lands, reserved for this purpose in Greene county, w 11 soon become a fund fuf ficientto answer every demand in the business Os literature, which this Hate can poflibly de ttxt, • ■ These lands are said to be of the firft qua lity ; and their increasing value, as the coun tiy becomes more populous, will, ere long, make the business of education sure and per manent. As the state is now furniflied with ample funds, 1 whbfe value is continually aug menting, it will therefore be our wisdom not to nuke anV division of them, but preferye them whole abd entire in order ta answer the purposes of an Urliver/ity, The moment a division of this property is made, that moment the Univcrfity is struck with death, and literature dies with it: At lead it will strike fuefcra fatal Mow to it,' that. >V will never recover, nor will the arts and sciences ever arrive at any great degree of perfetlion.—There must be great expenditures for procuring a large liberary for obtaining a mathematical, philosophical, and aftrond mital apparatus ; for furnifhiug an elegant Museum. bee. before literature can arrive at any considerable degree of fplendour or per son. Should these lands be divided among tbefeveral Academics of this ft of this Kind could ever take place; tor the pro perty} when divided, will not be fufticicnt to raiife either of the Seminaries to any great de gree of eminence. It is vain to think, that by this division, all the Academies can be brought to an equal point of importance: there must be a head, a fountain, to which all ttie branches must bear a relation ; but if the fountain be dried up, will not the streams cease to flow ?—lf this state desires to pro mote science upon a great and liberal scale; if (he aspires at equal eminence, in literary fame with other dates, (he will preserve cntiie the foundation now laid for a future Umverfity, ALFRED. Hit Excellency the Governor sent the fol lowing mclhg* the Geaeral Afl’cwbly. GEORGIA STATE-HOUSE, Augujia , Dec. 9, 1789. The Honorable the Prefidtnt op the Senate , and the Honorable the Speaker of the Hou. e of RepreJentatinjes . The Tre'afurer, in conformity to order, has furniflied a llatetnent of the Treasury/ by which the General Aflembly will readily per ceive how neceflary it is to attend to the ar rangement of the Finances:—lt will ulfo • readily appear that the tax for the year 1789, together with the arrearages of taxes, will by no meahs remove the piefent prelTute on the Treafuryv to accomplifti which, I am hopeful > means will bfc devised aud appropriations made. In order more fully to elucidate the state ■ ftient referred to, I (hall observe that in Janu ary 1787, there appeared to be omftanding : iii Governors and Speakers warrants 12,8491. 6s, xd l-i, and in that year there was is sued in Governors warrants 19,4311. 19s. 5T 3-4, together with Speakers Warrant* to the • amount of X. 4741. 15k. and in the year 1788, Governors warrants 15,991 1. 14s. iod. 1-4, < and Speaker’s in the fitae year 1,252!. 17s. and iu January 1789, Speaker’s warrants 203''1- 128. rod. amounting in the whole to 54,0371. 4s. 6d .1-2; from Whlcn io iu Vc deduded 49,309!. 15s. 6d. r‘-<’ lb Gover nors and Speakeis warrants’deftroyed by the Committees of Finance in the years 1788 and 1789, leaving a futplus ontftanding at that time of 47271. 9» rod. 1-2, to which is to be added Governors warrants of 1789 11,687!. 3s. 3d. and 13,715!. of anticipa tion payable out of the tax of on which may be eftiinated 12,000!. this fuin together with 9,9141 9s. 1 id. of the warrants drawn in 1789, (being part of the said Cum of 11,6871. 36. 3d.) will leave a (orpins of 3,487!. 13s. 4d. which with the former of 4,717!. 9s. iod. 1-2, will amount to 8,2151. 38. ad 1-2. The arrearages of taxes from the several counties cannot be as certained—by the mod flattering estimate they will not exceed 3,0091. leaving thereafter ~ sum of 5,2151. 3s. 2d. to be provided for.— There appears to be in the Treasury 141 in medium, too ragged even for circulation, and also the sum of tle ments, equal in value to about 85c! flerling, which sum appears to be the only prefeut re source in the power of the General Aflembly for appropriation, until new funds are devised. It must doubtlels be with the General Aflembly. will proceed to lay „ am additional tax fut the current year, a part’ of which (from the neceflity of the case) must he collected in some (hort period ; and, if in fpecifics, the season is now arrived which is best calculated to the ccnveniency of the pe°pJ*. . The propriety 2nd necessity of provision be ing made for the support of Government, the contingencies that present themselves to view, and the emergencies that may happen, ob jcels of the highest magnitude'arifing out of the nature and exifteiice of Government, rnd which demaud the mod serious confideiation, EDWARD TELFAIR. CHARLESTON, Hov. \6, The following intelligence n (tniwunitafed ha gentleman who atr.v<d at BojUn tit id °J OBober Jap, from RujJia, « #npnE Ruffians and Swedes dill conti. X nut bwitiliiii’f uor dwc« it [Vol. IV. No. Cl XVli.j probable that their difference will speedily ter* initiate to their fatjsfatfion; the growing greatness, together with the amazing increase of the Empress’s authority, has not only me. meed his Swedilh majesty, but ftrucka general alarm into all the European powers* Her bition appears unlimited ; and her diipofniua, as well as her inclination to extirpate the Tuikfr from Europe, have excited the atten tioh of His Britannic Majesty, together with the King of Prussia, to check her wonted ca* rcer, and cutb thus early the encroachment# of her power ; and by this junction to keep the bafaiice of Europe more equally poized. From thele principles the King of Sweden ha# been induced to declare war—or from like motives to engage in an alliauce with the Turk# against the Empress. Should the be luccefsful in the Black Sea by conqueit, her next objeft woidrt be to reduce the swedes to a like sub mission. 'iWbwediih kiughae wifely conceiv« ed that a neighbouring power is to be watched in its infancy, and not be permitted to grow to such extremes as would be dangerous of attacking tha f power; but justly conlidered it bed to reduce it to its former limitations. Had he tamely remained a fpettator, and calmij nave oenejd the success of her opera* * tione, he might have found it difficult to de fend his own territory againti an usurpation. However, the genius of the bwediih monarch evidently appeals calculated for war; his en < ter prizing character never imloded to hava continued as an idic beholder, when his in tcreft seemed fb nianifelily concerned in form ing an alliance—iu eiuieaVourmg to coutroul the rapid growth of the Kuffiau empire.— His declaration of war was received with as much aftonilhmcnt by the Court of Russia, as it a like voc.feration had‘fpiung from ihemoft distant quarter. “ It is laid to he univerfaiiy the opinion formed in Peterlburgli, that the Grand beignor . has engaged to be at the whore ex;dice of the war, provided Sweden took an aftive part therein; betides furnilhing the King with z confideraole loau byway of fecuiity, m case ot failure on his lide, and to luppurt all the charges which may accrue to his Swedilh uia “ Long has the King of Sweden wifhej for an opportunity to recuyer those poiieiiion# iu Livonia* winch were wreried from his au ceftors. The time appears now to be ap proaching ;if favorable moment is miffed perhaps another uever myy pjefeut itt«lf» cuurfe r*tgit' Hitherto he has been fortunate, a battle having been fought on the confines of Swedilh Finland, about too mile# from Pccerfburgh, which is •'Cported to have latted tbiec days fucccffively; in which the Swedilh King had the advantage, owing in a great incafurc to the judicious muatiou of hi# pott, which was happily cholieu ou the fummic i _ M . *, * Livonia may be confdered as the granary of the Noith, be-ng very fertile iu corn, which formerly fupplieti Sweden; but fiuce if has been ceiled to the Ruffians in 1741, th# Swedes ate imiuctd in time of scarcity to pur chase ail men combes#, by paying ready caffi* li hkewil'e abounds 111 infrebatdites of van. ou# kinds. Ibis is fan! to he (he ground of' me queue!, »* well at the King of bwedob luylug claim (0 fomepsitsuf Ruiiuii 11*laud, l which Mursii; la me bwedel.