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this houfc be inveigled by such Hafq faced effrontery ? Sir, ihe a i\ containing this appropriation clause was not brought to a third rending till the full.of March. Our powers expired bn thfe 4th: it was at the 2nd fcSlion of the 7th Wongrefs. It wzs in the power of ihof'c oppofhd to the corrupt claims of 1795 to have defeated the bill by a difculfipp. But, fir, they abstained on this ground. If die appropriation of the five million!) had not been made at that fcf fioo, the year, within whitfii by our agree ment with Georgia'it. was to be made, if at all, would have,expired before the meet, irgof the next Cungrcfs and it was urg ed, ny the friends of the. bill, that there tverc fevnro! dcf riptions of claims to which no imputation of fraud could attach; that by making a general impropriation we fe <urgd to burfclves the pAvver of recompens ing Tech claims as, on examination, might he found worthy (f ir, wbilft we pledged ourselves to no class of claimants whatever. B it, that if we fhncikl fafivr the term fpe cified, in coirrpaff with Georgia, to clapfe without - making appropriation, we (hoard preclude ourselves from the ability to compensate any claims, n»t fpccially provided for, however just and reafor.able we might finJ them, on invelfigation, to be. Under these circumdanoes, and 1 ap peal to my excellent friend from Maryland, who brought it in for the corrcftnefs of my •ftaternent, the ojaponents of the bill gave it no other oppoficioa di m a filepc vote. And now, Sir, we are told that we fhnd pledged and that an appropriation for Britiih grants not .f eg ranted by Spain, specially and for such other claims agtind the (hue «f Georg l a ' generally, as Congrtfs (hemld find quite worthy, v/as made far tlie-efpecial benefit of ' a*particular dsfcriptlon ot dahnants, bran ded too with the dcoptft odium ; who dare to talk to us of public faith and appeal to the national honor. The concl iifion of the memorial is arrmfing enough. After playing over the ’farce, which was aided by the Yazoo Squad at the last session, affecting to believe rhst an ap propriation has been made by the ad March 1 803, for their tfpecial benefit, they pray that Cong refs will be plcafed to give them---what ? that to which they alTcrt they are entitled by no means-.-an eighth or tenth part of it...which fnd eighth or tenth part, if wc may credit them, has been already appropriated to their use by law. From a knowlcdge-of the memo rialills, and thole w]u>m they represent, can you believe for a moment that if they had the lead faith in the volume of argument (I am furry to profane the word) which they have presented to rho Houfc to prove the goodness of their title, can you believe that under fnch an itnprcffion they would accept a paltry compromise *f two (hillings in the —-s. ‘>-r» ittav to ontaiti it they would defeend so low. Sir, when these men talk about public faith and national honour, they remind me of the appeals of the unprincipled gameffer and veteran usurer to the honour of the* thoughtless fpendthrift, whilst, in reality, they are addra'uing therufeivcs to his vices aud his folly. fTo he concluded in our next.) MESSAGE Os ihe Governor of Menu. Turk t» the Le. ri future, G, nilemen, V j Understanding thatjthe attention of the legiflature l is about to he direified to the promotion of literature, aud believing that any ideas which may tend to cad the lead glimmer oa so important a fubjeft, will not be unacceptable to gentlemen eng.igrd in so laudable <1 purfuir, I venture to offer to your confuler-tion such as have occurred t» my mind, with all tint dilfidence which no. vclty and the magnitude of ihcobjeiV is cal. culated to inspire. The plan I dull psopofe is not one that can immediately go into lull end efficient operation. The ground work, however, should it meet with approbation, may, if not at the present, at the next ft*.T fion, belaid ;—Aidj the lapse of a few years, if I do not indulge a viGunary ex pectation, may rear an edifice sacred to fcicnce, morals and religion, which (hall . exalt in dignity the American character, The firll eficntial to the support of a ge neral literary indltution, in all its various ramifications is the c(l*blilhnicnt of an ad equate, permanent and certain fund. In looking into the finances of the flare, it will be difeovered that nothing can be spa. red from her ordinary revenue. The unap. prupriated lands which dill remain to her, present the only fare resource. Os these (he dill pofffflei 1, JOO;COO acioy which certain ly connot be devoted to a mure noble end. On a moderate computation these lands may be estimated as forming a capital of 1,000, 000,dollars, which, at an intereil ot fix. per cent will yield an annual income of 60,000 dolls. The mode of difpofinp of them, which ! (houll prefer, would' be, to have them laid out inf© convenient farms, with a price affixed to each according to quality ot land, and contiguity to matker. Sales Ihould then be made to applicants, cn rendition of actual fcttlement, and patents k granted, referring a rent charge equal to B the imereft on the purchase money at the W rare afertfaid, with pennifion to the pur chaser* tedtfeharge the rent as any time by % \ < a payment of the purchase money. One, » two or three years might be allowed free frc:n rent, according to circuniftances. The advantages in favor of this mode are many. Honcft industry would be fumilhed with the means of profitable exertions, without the aid of capital. Payment of rent would not be called for till it could be made out of the produft of the land ; and the expectation of being compelled to pay a lat'je principal, when very inconvenient, or perhaps impoffiblc, would be "inces santly damping the ador-and-the fpittts of perhaps the worthy fathers.ofpromffif.g fa milies. i t Tothofe who ohjeft to filch difpofitlon, from a desire to fte an oveiflowing jircafury ■ at the difppfal of the government, I answer that the true riches of a Hate is its efficient labor ; its phyficaj strength, its yeori.'irry, A rich treasury is frequently an evil. It too often becomes the patent of speculation and the corrupter of the administrators of the government. The find being .*ce eftablifliecl, the next enquiry is as to its difpofiiidn. This might w ith fafety be confided to the regents of tha uwtvtrfity. 'file great outline of their cr-rtduft being deferihed by rhe legillaturc. A competent furn being firft appropriated for thefupportof colleges, the residue should be applied to the fuppart ferha/s t of aca demies, but certainly 6f common schools. I hefe latter Ihouldbc ellablilhed throughout the Hate, b) dividing a county intoacom petent number of school dulrifls, according to its geographical extent and population. Aod the regen's of the university ihouid have the power of appointing thref trullees for each diilritH, who fhouid be amhorifed to fix the place for the school houfc, «rc<sl one where neixffary, employ a competent teacher, have the disposition of the funds allotted to them, with an authority to levy and collcfl of the inhabitants of the diftrift, according the circnmftanccs and abilities cf each, such further sums as might be ne cclTiry for the support of the school, and the maintenance and tuition of such poor children as may be objects of charity. The division of the county intodlftrifts, and the sum allotted t«each, to be at the difereti on of the regent of the university. The support of academies by aids from this fund I have Hated hypothetically, be. canfc there are many weighty objc£hohs to theintompofing a part of a general fyftcra of education, Those which occur to me, are the difficulty ot keeping them constantly supplied with unexceptionable teachers. The academics which have fallen under my observation, have all of them been, at feme period, for months without a teacher. This is owing in a great meafur* to the ne cessity of employing young, men, just from college, who «nter into thefc fituatians, merely to acquire the means of profeciuing the learned profeffions, which, when afehie ved, they bid adieu to the academy. A sus pension of academic inftruCtion is the canfe quence, and before a fucceflbr can be pro cured, the ftudentj are frequently dispersed. Add to this, that each new teacher intro ducss a new system of education. / The syst ems established in different academies also vary according to the acquirements and ideas of the various teachers. A confequenc is, the almost insurmountable difficulty of pur suing with effect a ceHegiate course when the preparation his been fj varies, A grammar school, attached to a col lege, and under the di reCtion of its faculty, is free from rhefe ohjeidions. An attention also to morals can here be afforded, which in academies is impcffible. Should, how. over academies be deemed indifpcnfible, the lame course of study (hould be prescribed to each. Colleges, though loft considered, are' not the lead important graduation in thefealeof academic institutions. If national piblpcrhy it national pride, which is an honest pride. Avail warm *ur bosoms wiih a wilh to fee our Country great in the various arts and fcienccs the prolific parent of ftatefraen, legifiatore, divines, &C. wc cannot regard colleges" with too much partiality. When judi ciously arranged and conduced, they become the bountequs source of knowledge, of virtue, piety, of ail that is great and good. The arrangement of the buildings (hcald b# such as to completely cloister the ftudenrs; who fhouid ae/cr pass the walls but by permission. The endowments fhouid he fufficiently liberal to secure teachers the most rc/pedtable for talents, lor tnortus and for manners. Liberal endowments, particularly where the plan ®f education is economical, tends to diminish the expence, so as to place liberal education within the reach of the rcfpeclable yeomanry ofa country, where theraoft vir tue ordinarily cxifts, and from among whom no inconfiderablc part of the pro icifional characters in a government like ours ought to be taken. Where this end is like to be attained, the libera! endowment of feminines of learning is •bvioully the ap plication of the puhdc funds for the benefit" of the middling and poorer classes of com inanity. For, if feminities ot learning arc not pitronifed by the Hate, and for the want ot this patronage, a liberal education is very expenfire, the coofiquence will be, that the rich alone can afford to educate their children ; a consequence not durable in any government and highly dangerous in our OWR, Though the whole plan, as fuggcfted above cannot he carried into immediate effetf, and „ though, perhaps, a step so important to the date, asyhe difpofmg’of ail her un. appropriated lands ought not to be taken till Come time has elapsed far the exprtfiion of the public sentiment, the,attention of the legislature may' fafeiy be direfted te this fubjeO, and-in the mean rime a complete fyftcm inallils detail be maturing* The fame reason for delay with refpeft to . the higherfeminaries, where a proper fyftetn is already adopted, docs not exill, These j fcmmatieS arc the nurseries in which the inftruftbrs of are to he reared and no cimeQlould be loft in- placing them on the roost rcfpeftable and independent footing: that those from among the mid dling and poorer daffes of community, who wifti to give their forts a liberal education may have it in their power to do To, without being at the inconvenience and expence of fending them toother states, as is now the case ; a reproach to the state of New York, which it is hoped her enlightened and pat riotic legislators will speedily wipe away by rendering her as independent in her li terature, aslheisinher refourccs and her government. These ideas are hastily throne together. They are, however, the result of former reflections through the courfc of twenty years that I have had the honor of being a * truflee of Columbia college. They will probably be liable to many object ion*. Should they fortunately throw the Icaft light on a fubjeft that lies near to my heart, and hare the least tendency te promote the firft object of nay wishes, (the * diffufion of knowledge) my end will be at tained. MORGAN LEWIS. 4th February, 1 805. European News. Received by the Ship Fredonla, caps, Mai coins, in 70 days from Liverpool, .'V ■ 1 LIVERPOOL, December 22. A minillerial paper (the Surj has thrown out a hint, which some believe to he dtmi official, that tha new Emperor of the French, is likely in no very long time, to make fornc overtures tor a general peace. From the degree in which the contending powers are at present exafpefated againfl each oth er, we are afraid this is a matter rather to be wilhed tor than hoped. Ir is however, probable, that both tides are beginning to be heartily weary of a contest so fraltlefs, in aftive, languid and unavailing. ' NEW.YORK. March 1. ExtraS of aletterfromCadiz, dated Jan. 9, “ This port is now in a date of blockade, both for veflfcls coming in and going out. An official letter to thU (which X taw) ’ was sent by the Brilith Admiral to the Go. vernor, dr firing him to inform all the fo reign consuls thereof. The Declaration of War on the part of Spain was made some time since.—Wheat, corn, rice, See. will be very high the ensuing year, as the hea vy rains have rotted ail the grain in the groundj and the foreign crop will be (bort. The situation #f thhs country is really dread, ful and 1 am afraid will be much worTe*" Another* letter Jays, ** You will soon hear of a great change of government. The Prince •{ Peace has fled, and an order has been Blued ,to seize h is perfon.*\ Extract from a Cadiz Price Current of January 19. u Flour 22 to 23 d*ls. Wheat 8 dols. afaueg. Corn 3 dols. per do. Fiih 10 dels Rice 10 do. CHARLESTON, March 9, A letter ot the 14th ©t December, from * Liverpool, received yesterday, fayr, -that no alternation had taken place in the price of cotton since the last accounts; that the demand from the manufactures were not ve ry confiderablc—that the chief of the pur chases made were on speculation, and that the continuation ot the prices then given, would depend much on the quantity which arrived. Extract of a letter from an officer on board the frigate Confutation, dated Sfracufe Harbour, November gth, to his friend in New. fori, received by the John Adams. “ W r c have had no intelligence lately from our prisoners in Tripoli: *ur last account left thepi in clofc confinement, Naples-is in pofleffion of the French, and the royal family, arc at Palermo. The town of Aimeria, in Spain, has been funk by an earthquake. Lord Ndfon is going to England on account of his ill ftatc of health, and, it is said is to be fuccceded in the command by Sir John Ordv, The Mediterranean is very quiet as to warlike operations : weare at present the only hoify people in it. Our force will penfift of 20 gun-boats, 4 bomb vefleis, 4 frigates; 3 brigs, and i fchooßtrs, with which Wc (hail renew the attack on Tripoli in the Spring, if the Balhaw continues the war uQxil that time which we underlland he is determined to do.” ExtraS of a letter from an officer one board on of the United States /hips, dated off 'Tripoli, October S, I SO4. ** X embrace the opportunity of writing you by the John Adams, who goes home V 1 e 1 • ■ * • I with ihe sick and wcurdcd 6f the . VVehave left several brave men eft' vI among them arc ycur friend John I and his captain. We have taken five pI . large (hips loaded with powder ard *S I bound into Tripoli, all which v, s fC M Tent into Malta, where they were I demned. In the course of 12 days, we '’ K to make a general attack, which, per he V I will afford a fubjefi for a larger letter. ‘ ‘ 1 few days ago we took three of the PhiC 1 delphia’s late’crew in one of the enemy** I gun.boats, as they and-a number more'of I than have turned Tutks. Ships here, C> I ftellation, Conftutition,-Pitfidenr, Conpfcfi I [' and Efl'ex brigs Syren, Argus and Vilen! I fchqoners Experiment and E.uerprize.” * I AUGUSTA,' I We find by the Raleigh Register, of the I zjthollaft month, that the Editor of that I paper has rcpubiilhed a letter, which a pn ei -r, I rd in this paper from our Correlpyndcnt in I Walton county, . refperfting the outrages I committed by fomc of the citizens of North. I Carolina, on the inhabitants of that county I -.to which he adds “ We are concerned I to find the lettlenient of the d'ifpute refpeft. I ing the boundary line between Georgia and I this state, (which vyc prepjffie is the cause I that this disorder) isprotradfod—We under, ft and the delay is attributable to the state of Georgia, our legislature having made provilion for its adjustment at their late lefliun.” i* l reply to this observation, wc conceive it proper to fay, that the delay in running thi boundary line between the two Gates, must be. attributed to Norrh-Carolina, I on account of her improper exaction of this [ state, which (lie pertinacioufiy adheres to. I In order that the public may in soma I tneafure understand the difference between I the two states, we are authoriffd to state, I that Nurtb-Carolina refufes to run the line ! unjds the following previfo, which we find ■ in an ad. palled by North. Carolina, for the I purpose of adjusting the boundary line be. I tween that state and South-Carolina, is con- | fented to on part of Georgia—to wit 1 I “Provided neverthclefs that the extension I of the laid line Aail not affect the titles of I any person or persons to the lends entered B in either of the said ftates.”—The diftrid j of country which Georgia claims and which I is now the fubjefl of controvcrfy, original- I ly belonged to the state of Soiib.Carolina, I but was ceded by that state to the United I States, and by the United States to Geer- I gin.—South.Carolina never legally’ granted 1 an acre of it to any one. whatever-*-a fear I speculators, if report fays true, obtained E grants from that state for a confulerabte I quantity of land lying weft of the ridge o£ I mountains which divides South-Carolina I from the now county of Walton, before the I Indian title to the fame was exrinouifhed, I and Sonrh-Carolina a year previous to her I ceding it to the General Government, pass- I ed an aid annulling those grafts, declaring 1 that flie always referred the lards for which | they were obtained, for the heating grounds I of the Cherokee Indians. If we ere cor- 1 rcit in our information, (hould a similar 1 proviso t» the one which North-Caroiina ! contends for, be adopted by Georgia, she | would not have a finglcacre cf tin’s territo- | ry at her difpoJal, the whole being covered I by North. Carolina grants, and how far those grants may extend is uncertain.—But * | we are however, certain of one thing, which I is, that there are very few, if any grants in the names cf the inhabitants who now refidc in Walron county,—.they are in the names of men who obtained them previous to the extinguiflimem of the Indian title to the land in question, and wh« reside at a confidcrablc distance firom it. Such are the title* which the state •( Nbrth.Caroiina ' wiftics not to be affeckd by the extension of ' the line, and it is becauCs Georgia will not corffent to such a roeafure, that ft? dclirable an objed.is protrafled. Under the exifving circumftanccs of Judge Chafc—that tender ! humane J—fbfbear ing I—modest I—and republican Judge ! of /<f rfeft integrity in Congress at the time of making flour contratii &e. &(. /—We have hitherto forborne to make any com ments —nor do vve believe any are nonu ne ccffiry— except this ; that, if unfortunate ly for jujitce, he Ihould be cajhtred, we are threatned with Con/uh , Didatftrs and god knows what, of defpotifiTi and royalty j which, though repugnant to the feelings and inzerejls of s he citizens of America in' general, would be a fortunate revolution for the Ola Tories and friends to George in this country, —If it ihoultl so happen, however (fortunately or unfortunately, as the case may be,) that his Ltnor should be defo/ed his crooked advocates in Georgia—and rat advotatetoibribery and corruption in *ene~ will have to fly their kites, and return immediately, with the wild gees, to the lakes—.to Canada Nova Scotia, or New England, leaving poor Georgia,ro her fate devoured by Democracy and all the horrors of Anarchy 11 I J Lord have mercy upon «st No. 17,950 in the Baltimore Cathedral Church Lottery, has drawn a prize of %*»ooo dollars. This ticket was, with iotne others, retained by the right reverend