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COL 111 BIS. WEDNESDAY, MARI H 13. ISCI.
Permanent Constitution.
We resign our entire space To-day to the per
manent Constitution of the Confederate States of
America, as framed and adopted by the Southern
Congress at Montgomery. Its length and the
lateness of the hour at which it was roceivcd, for
bid comment at present. Ample time will be af
for led for this, however, during the discussion it
will undergo by the Conventions of the several
States, to which it is now submitted.
MONTGOMERY CORRESPONDENCE.
A Communication from Georgia—Tender if
Monies to the Conftderacy—Reply of Judge
Withers —A Court of Admiralty Established
—President’s Levee — Constitution , dee.
Montgomery, March 11.
Immediately upon the opening of Congress
this morning, tho President presented a commu
nication from the Georgia Convention approv
ing of tho choice of Jefferson Davis as President,
and A. 11. Stephens as Vice President, of the
Confederate States. Tho communication vas
received with pleasure by the delegates from the
other States. Soon after this, Mr. Wright, of
Georgia, asked leave to place a model of a rilled
cannon, invented by a citizen of Savannah, up
on tho President’s desk, for the inspection of
tho Members of Congress.
Mr, Kennar, of Louisiana, desired to call at
tention to an ordinance passed by tho Conven
tion of his State, which was very gratifying to
the delegates, and ought to bo gratifying to the
members of Congress, as the expression of the
feelings of the people of Louisiana. This ordi
nance transferred the sum of $389,267, now in
the hands of the Adjutant General of the State,
and known as tho “bullion fund,” to the Confed
erate States, and made said monies subject to
tbe order of tho Treasurer. Furthermore, there
was the sum of $147,519 being the balance re
ceived by the State depository from the customs,
since the 31st of January, which was also made
subject to tho order of the Treasurer of the
Confederate States.
As Mr. Kennar, said, it will bo recollected thaj
when Louisiana seceded, a certain amount of
money was found in tho mint at New Orleans;
it will be recollected also that thero wa3 a
largo amount of gold bonded in warehouse sub
ject to duty. When Louisiana became one of the
Confederate States, all this money was reserved
for the Government, and all sums since received,
has been set aside and strictly kept for the uso
of this Confederacy. Mr. Kennar, called atten
tion to this fact, for his was tho only State that
held the public money for the benefit of tho Con
federate States. It would not have been amiss
perhaps for Louisiana to have held this money,
for tho purposo of military defence. The forts
within her bordors have been neglected for vears>
while largo sums of money have been expended
upon tho defences Os New York and other North
ern States. A short timo since Gen. Beauregard
paid a visit to tho fortifications, and found them
to a bad state, with trees growing on the parapet
and the wails fast crumbling into ruins. The
State at onco took them in hand and put them in
a good stale of repair. She did not witkold this
money for the purpose, but put her hand in her
pocket, gavo half million dollars to equip her
troops, and as much mere to repair her defences.
Tho particular object of making these state
ments was not to praise Louisiana, although
worthy of praise, but to call attention to the spir
it in which this act has been done. Mr. Kennar
said he had lost all hope of peaco and believed
war would come, and since Lincoln’s inaugural,
believed it was necessary. Now, on account of
wliat Louisiana had done, ho hoped that it would
be the spocial object of tho President, should oc
casion require, to protect tho commercial inter
ests of Now Orleans, in case Mr. Lincoln should
attempt to blockade.
Judge Withers, of S. C., offered the following
resolution :
Resolved, That Congress accept with a high
sense of tho patriotic liberality of the State of
Louisiana, the funds so to
tho Treasury of the Confederate States.
In remarking upon this ho said that tho in
corno ot his own Stnto at Charleston custom
house is not large, but what there has been sinco
the secession of tho State has been expended up
on tho Lighthouses aiul Bouys. If able, it is
certain South Carolina would soon follow tho pat
riotic example of Louisiana. Vp to the time of
secession a largo sum had been expended upon
the forts, especially fort Sumter, which now
ought to be in the bands of tho Confederate
States, and since largo drafts from the Federal
Government havo been paid. On account of in
ability alone, and not on account of want of spir
it, S. C. was behind in this matter. This highly
interesting subjeet has been tho topic of conver
sation upon our streets, and all admire the gal
lant State whieh has so nobly come forward with
moneo, in tho hour of need.
Tho bill to establish a “court of Admiralitv
and Maritimo jurisdiction at Key West, in the
State of Florida, has passed. This Court has
cognizance of all civil causes of Admiralty and
maritime jurisdiction, Including seizures under
revenue laws or laws of navigation of the Con
tederato States, and all laws arising under those
laws, saving to suitors in all cases tho right of a
eornmoa law remedy, where such remedy, is am
ple and complete. It also forbids the business
• and wrecking unless a license is obtained from
the Confederacy.
This evening the President held a levee at the
Exchan 0 e at which a largenumber were present.
The State Convention called in a body, and
nearly all our prominent .'gentlemen ami ladies
were present sometime during the even ng It
was a very ineresUng occasion and will be long
remembered by those who heard the nrudent
chaste and elegant speech upou the occasion'
The Convention will call upon the Vice Presil
dent soon according to the resolution passed ia
that body.
The permanent Constitution of the Confederate
fctates of America was unanimously adopted to
day at 3 o’clock. It is a better document than
the old one, as it has all its good points without
its errors. The provisions for taxation aro ad
mirable, and will strike all thinking men. I for
bear further comment and send you a copy of
the supreme law of our land.
Now that this business is through with, Con-
gre?§ will take a recess for a short time—l can
not say for how lopg. They have worked dili
gently, and the Constitution will ehow how well.
EVELYN.
Permanent Constitution
OF THE
CONFEDERATE STATES.
\Ye, the people of the Confederate States, each
State acting in its sovereign and independent
character, in order to form a permaneift federal
government, establish justice, insure domestic
tranquility and secure the bles ings of liberty to
ourselves and our posterity- invoking the favor
and guidance of Almighty God—do ordain and
ajstablish this Constitution for the Confederate
States of America.
ARTICLE I.
SECTION I.
All the legislative powers herein delegated shail
be vested in a Congress of tho Confederate States,
which shall consist of a Senate and House of
Representatives.
section 2.
J. The House of Representatives shall be com
posed ofmembeas chosen every second year by
the peoplo of toe several States; and the electors
in each State shall bo citizens of the Confederate
States, and have the qualifications requisite for
electors of the most numerous branch of the State
Legislature; but no person of foreign birth not a
citizen of the Confederate States, shall bo allow
ed to vote for any officer, civil or political, State
or Federal.
2. No person shall lo a Representative, who
shall not have attained the age of twenty-five
years, and be a citizen of tho Confederate States,
and who shall not, when elected, bean inhabitant
of that Stato in which he shall be chosen.
3. Representatives and Direct Taxes shall be
apportioned among tho several States, which may
be included within this Confederacy, according
to their respective numbers, which shall ba de
termined by adding to the whole number of free
persons, including those bound to service for a
term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed,
three-fifths of all slaves. The actual enumera
tion shall be made within three years after the
first meeting of the Congress of the Confederate
States, and within every subsequent term of ten
years, in such manner as they shall, by law, di
rect. The number of Representatives shall not
exceed one for every fifty thousand, but each
State shall have at least one Representative; and
until such enumeration shall be made tho Stato
of South Carolina shall bo entitled to choose six
—the State of Georgia ten —tho State of Alaba
ma nine—the State of Florida two —the State of
Mississippi seven—the State of Louisiana six, and
tho State of Texas six.
4. When vacancies happen in the representa
tion from any State, the Executive authority
thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such
Vacancies.
5. The House of Representatives shall choose
their speaker and other officers ; and shall have
the sole power of impeachment ; except that any
judicial or other federal officer resident and act
ing solely within the limits of any Stato, may be
impeached by a vote es two-thirds of both branch
es of the Legislature tnereef.
SECTION 3.
1. Tho Sonate of the Confederate States shall
be composed of two Senators from each Stato,
chosen for six years by the Legislature thereof,
at the regular session next immediately prece
ding the commencement of tho term of service;
and each Senator shall havo one vote.
2 Immediately after they shall ba assembled,
in consequence of tho first election, they shall be
divided as equally as may be into three classes.
The seats of tho Senators of the first class shall
bo vacated at the expiration of the second year;
of tho second class at the expiration of tha fourth
year, and of the third class at the expiration of
the sixth year; so that one third may bo chosen
every second year; and if vacancies happen by
resignation, or otherwise, during the recess of
tho Legislature of any State, the executive there
of may make temporary appointments until the
next meeting of the Legislature, whiuh shall then
nil suck vacancies.
3. No person shall be a Senator who shall not
have attained the age of thirty years, and be a
citizen of the Confederate States; and who shall
not, when elected, be an inhabitant of the State
for which he shall be chosen.
4. Tho \ ice-President of the Confederate States
shall be President of the Senate, but shall havo
no vote, unless they bo equally divided.
5. The Senate shall choose their otaer officers;
and also a President pro tempore in tho absence
of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise
the office of President of the Confederate States.
fi. The Senate shall have the sole power to try
all impeachments. When sitting for that
pose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. Wh a
the President of the Confederate States Is tried,
the Chief Justice shall preside; and no person
shall be convicted without the concurrence of two
thirds of the members present.
7. Judgement in cases of impeachment shall
not extend fnrthcr than to removal from office,
and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office
of honor, trust or profit, under the Confederate
States; but the party convicted shall, neverthe
less, be liable and subject to indictment, trial,
judgment and punishment according to law.
SECTION 5.
1. The times, places and manner of holding
elections for Senators and Representatives shall
be prescribed in each State by the Legislature
thereof, subject to the provisions of this Consti
tution; but the Congress may, at any time by
law, make or alter such regulations, except as to
the times and places of choosing Senators.
2. The Congress shall assemble at least once ia
every year; and such meeting shall be on the
first Monday in December, unless they shall, by
law, appoint a different day.
SECTION 5.
1. Each House shall be the judge of the elec
tions, returns and qualifications of its own mem
bers, and, a majority of each shall consti
tute a quorum to do business; but a smaller num
ber may adjourn from day to day, and may be
authorized to compel the attendance of absent
members, in such manner and under such penal
ties as each House may provide.
2. Each House may determine the rules of its
proceedings, punish its members for disorderly
behaviour, and, with tho concurrence of two
thirds of the wholo number, expel a member.
3. Each House, shall keep a journal of its
proceedings, and from time to time publish the
same, excepting such parts as may in their
judgment require secresy, and the yeas and nays
of the members of either House, on any question,
shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present,
be entered on the journal.
4. Neither House, during the session of Con
gress, shall, without the consent of the other, ad
journ for more than three days, nor to any other
place than that in which the two Houses may
bo sitting.
section C.
1. The Senators and Representatives shall re
ceive a compensation for their services, to be as
certained by law, and paid out of the Treasury
of the Confederate States. They shall, in all ca
ses, except treason, and breach of the peace, be
privileged from arrest during their attendance
at the session of their respective Houses, and in
going to and returning from the came; and for
any speech or debate in either House, they shall
not be questioned ir. anv other place.
2. No Senator or Representative shall, during
the time for whieh ho was elected, be appointed
to any civil office under the authority of the
Confederate States, which shall have been crea
ted, or the emoluments whereof shall have been
increased during such time; and no person hold
ing any office under tne Confederate States shall
be a member of either House during bis contin
uance m office. Cut Congress may, by law,
grant to the principal officer in each of the Ex
ceutive Departments a seat upon the floor of ei
er louse, with the privilege of discussing any
measures appertaining to his department.
. section 7.
. \‘kf ir bi!ls fo /f aisiD ? revenue shall originate
in the House ot Representatives; but the Senate
P u°,^ ote 0r concur amendments as on
other bills. ,
2. Every bill which shall have pasted both
Houses, shall, before it becomes a law, be pre
sented to the President of the Confederate States;
if he approve, be shall sign it; but if not, ho shall
return it with his objections to that House in
which it shall have originated, who shall enter
tbe objections at large on their journal, and pro
ceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsider
ation, two-thirds of that {House shall agree to
pass the bill, it shall bo sent, together with the
objections, to the other House, by which it shall
likewisobe reconsidered, and if approved by
two-thirds of that House, it shall become a law.
But in all such cases, the votes of both Houses
shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the
names of the persons voting for and against the
bill shall bo entered on the journal of each
House respectively. If any bid shall not be re
turned by the President within ten days (Sun
days excepted) after it shall heve been present
ed to him, the same shall be a law, in like man
ner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by
their adjournment, prevent its return; in which
caee, it shall not be a law. The President, may
approve any appropriation and disapprove any
other appropriation in the same bill. In such
case ho shall, in signing the bill, designate the
appropriations disapproved; and shall return a
copy of such appropriations, with his objections
to tho House in which the bill shall have origin
ated; and the same proceedings shall then be
had as in case of other bills disapproved by the
President.
2. Every order, resolution or rote, to which
the concurrence of .both Houses may be necessa
ry (except on a question of adjournment) shall
be presented to the President of the Coufederata
States; and before the same shall take effect,shall
be approved by him, or being disapproved by
him, may bo repassed by two thirds of both
Houses, according to the rules and limitations
prescribed in case of a bill,
SECTION 8.
The Congress shall have power—
1. To la}' and collect taxes, duties imposts,
and excises; for revenue necssary to pay the
debts, provide for the common defence, and
carry on the government of the Confederate
Stales; but no bounties shall be granted from
the Treasury; nor shall any duties or taxes on
importations from foreign nations be laid to pro
mote or foster any branch of industry; and all
duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform
throughout the Confederate States.
2. To borrowmoney on tho credit of the Con
federate States.
3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations,
and among the several States, and with the In
dian tribes; but neither this, nor any other clause
contained in the Constitution, shall ever bo con
strued to delegate the power to Congress to ap
propriate money for any internal improvement
intended to facilitate commerce; except for the
purpose of furnishing lights, beacons, and buoys
and other aids to navigation upon the coasts,
and the improvement of harbors and tho remo
ving of obstructions in river navigation, in all
wliicfe cases, such duties shall be laid on the nav
igation facilitated thereby, as may be necessary
to paj’ the costs and expenses thereof.
4. To establish uniform laws of naturalization,
and uniform law3on tho subject of bankruptcies,
throughout the Confederate States, but no law
of Congress shall discharge any debt contracted
before the passage of the same.
5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof
and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of
weights and measures.
6. To provide for the punishment of counter
feiting the securities and current coir, of the Con
federate States.
7. To establish post offices and post routes;
but the expenses ot the Postoffice Department,
alter the first day of March in tho year of our
Lord eighteen hundred and sixty-three, shall be
paid out of its own revenues.
8. To promote the progress of science and use
ful arts, by securing for limited timo to authors
and inventors iho exclusive right to their respec
tive writings and discoveries.
9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Su
premo Court,
10. To define and punish piracies and felonies
committed on tho high sea?, and offences against
the law of nations.
11. To declare war, grant letters cf marque
and reprisal, and ra*ka rules concerning cap
tures on land and water.
12. To raise and supperi armies ; but no ap
propriation of money to that use shall be for a
longer term than two years.
13. To provide and maintain a navy.
14. To make rules for government and regula
tion of the land and naval forces.
15. To provide tor calling forth tho militia to
execute tho laws of tho Confederate State?, sup
press insurrections, and repel invasions.
. P rov >d° organizing, arming and dis
ciplining tho militia, and for governing such part
of them as may bo employed in the service of
the Confederate) States; reserving to tho States,
respectively, tho appointment of the officers, and
the authority of training tho militia according
to the discipline prescribed by Congress.
17. To exercise exclusive legislation, in ail
cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceed
ing ten miles square) as may, by cession of one
or more Sta;csand tho acceptance of Congress,
become the seat of the Government of tho Con
federate States; and to exercise like authority
overall places purchased by the consent of tho
legislature of tho State in which tho same shall
be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals,
dockyards and other needful buildings; and
18. To mako all laws v/hich shall be necessary
and proper for carrying into execution the fore
going po\rors\ and all other powers vested by
this Constitution in the government of the Con
federate States, or in any department or officer
thereof.
section 9.
3: The importation of negroes of the African
raco, from any foreign country, other than the
slavcholding States or Territories of the United
States of America, is hereby forbidden; and
Congress is required to pasc such laws as shall
effectually prevent the same.
2. Congress shall also have power to prohibit
the introduction of slaves from any State not a
member of, or Territory not belonging to, this
Confederacy.
3. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus
shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of
rebelion or invasion the public safety may re
quire it.
4. No bill of attainder, or ex post facto law, or
law denying or impairing the right of property
in negro slaves shall be passed.
5. No capitation or other direct tax shall be
laid unless in proportion to the census or enu
meration hereinbefore directed to be taken.
G. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles ex
ported from any States, except by a voto of two
thirds of both Houses.
7. No preference shall bo given by any regu
lation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one
State over those of another.
§. No money shall bo drawn from the Treasu
ry, but in consequence of appropriations made by
law; and a regular statement and account of the
receipts and expenditures of all public money
shall be publishod from time to time.
9. Congress shall appropriate no money from
the treasury except by a vote of two-thirds of
both Houses, taken by yeas and nays, unless it
be asked and estimated for by someone of the
heads of Department, and submitted to Congress
by the President: or for the purpose of paying
its own expenses and contingencies; for or the
payment of claims against the Confederate States
the justice of which shall have been judicially
declared by a tribunal for the investigation of
claims against the government, which it is here
by made the duty of Congress to establish.
10. All bills appropriating money shall specify
in federal currency, the exact amount of each
appropriation and the purpose for which it is
made: and Congress shall grant no extra com- I
pensation to any public contractor, officer, agent j
or servant, after such contract shall have been !
made or such service rendered.
11. No title of nobility shall be granted by the j
Confederate States ; and no person holding any ‘
office of profit or trust under them, shall, without
the consent of the Congress, accept of any pres
ent, emoluments, office or titlo of any kind what
ever from any king, prince or foreign State.
12. Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the freo
exercho thereof; or abridging tho freedom of
speech, or of the press; or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble and petition to the govern
ment for a redress of grievances.
13. A well regulated militia being necessary
to the security of a free State, tho right of the
people to keep and bear arras shall not be infring
ed.
14. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quar
tered in any house without the consent of the
owner: nor in time of war, but in manner to be
prescribed by law.
15. Tho right of the people to secure in their
persons, houses, papers, and effects aeainst un
reasonable searches and seizures, shall not be
f violated; and no warrants shall issue but upon
,probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation
s and particularly describing the place to be search
ed, and the persons or things to be seized.
16. No person shall be held to answer for a
capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a
presentment or indictment of a grand jury, ex
cept in cases arising in the land or naval forces,
or in the militia, when in actual service, in time
of war or public danger; nor shall any person be
subject for the same offence to be twice put in
jeopardy of life or limb; nor be compelled, in
any criminal case, to be a witness against him
self; nor be deprived oflife, liberty, or property,
with due process of law; nor shall private prop
erty, be taken for public use, without just com
pensation.
17. In all criminal prosecutions the accused
shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial,
by an impartial jury ofthoStato and district
wherein the crime shall havo been committed,
which district shall have been previously ascer
tained by law, and to be informed of tho nature
and cause of the accusation; to bo confronted
with the witnesses against him; to havo compul
sory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor;
and to have the assistance of counsel for bis de
fence.
IS. In suits at common law, where the value
in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the
righto! trial by jury shull bo preserved; and
no fact so tried by a jury shall be otherwise
re-examined in any court of the Confederacy,
than according to tho rules of the common law.
IV. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor
excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual
punishments inflicted.
20. Every law or resolution having the force
of law, shall relate to but one subject, and that
shall be expressed in the title.
section 10.
1. No State shall enter in 'any treaty, alli
ance, or confederation; grave letters of marque
and reprisal; coin money; make anything but
gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts;
pass any bill of attainder, or ex post facto law,
or law impairing the obligation of contracts; or
grant any title of nobility.
2. No State shall, without tho consent of the
Congress lay any imposts or duties on imports or
exports, except what may be absolutely necessa
ry for executing its inspection laws: and the net
produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any
State on imports or exports, shall be for theuse of
the treasury of the Confederate States: and all such
laws shall bo subject to the revision and control
of Congress.
3. No State shall without tho consent of Con
gress, lay any duty of tonnage, except on sea go
ing vessels, for the improvement of its rivers and
harbors navigated by the said vessels; but such
duties shall not conflict with any treaties cf the
Confederate States with foreign nations; and any
surplus of revenue, thus derived, shall, after mak
ing such improvement, bo paid into tho c<mmon
treasury; nor shall any State keep troops or ships
ot war in time ot peace, enter into any agreement
or compact with another State, or with a foreign
power, or engage in war, unless actually impe
ded, or in such imminent danger as will not ad-*
mit cf delay. But when any river divides or
flows through two or more States, they may enter
into compacts with each other to improve the
navigation thereof.
ARTICLE 11.
SECTION 1.
1. The executive power shall bo vested in a
President of the Confederate States of America.
He and Vice President shall hold their offices for
the term ot' six years : but the President shall
not be re-eligibio. The President and Vice
President shall bo elected as follows :
2. Each btato shall appoint, in such manner
as the 1 gislaturo thereof may direct, a number
cf electors equal to tho whole number of Sena
tors and Representatives to which the State may
be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or
representative, or person holding an office of trust
or profit under the Confederate States, shall be
appointed an elector.
3. The electors shall meet in their respective
States and vote by ballot for President and Vice
President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an
inhabitant of the same State with themselves;
they shall name in their ballots the person votoa
for as President, and in distinct ballots the per
son voted for as Vico President, and they stall
make distinct lists of all persons voted for as
President, and of all persons voted tor as Vice
President, and of the number of votes for each,
which list they shall sign and certify, and trans
mit, sealed to the government of the* Confederate
States, directed to the President of the Senate:
the President of the Senate shall, in the pres
ence of the cenatoand House of Representatives
open all certificates, and the votes shall then be
counted; the person having the greatest number
of votes for President shall bo President, if such
number be a majority of tho whole number of
electors appointed; and if no person have such
majority, then, from the persons having the
highest numbers, not exceeding three, on the
list of those voted for as President, the House of
Representatives shall choose immediately, by
ballot, tho President. Putin choosing the Pres
ident, tho votes shall be taken by States, the
representation from each State having one vote ;
a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a
member or members from two-thirds of the
States, and a majority of all the States shall be
necessary to a choice. And if the House of
Representatives shall not choose a President*
whenever tha right of choice shall devolve upon
them, before the -4th day of March next follow
ing, then the Vice President shall act a3 Presi
dent, as in case of death, or constitutional disa
bility of the President.
4. The person having the greatest number of
votes as Vice President shall be Vice President
if such number be a majority of the whole num
ber of electors appointed ; and if no person have
a majority, then, from the two highest numbers
on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice Pres
ent; a quorum for tha purpose shall consist of
two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and
a majority of tho whole number shall be neces
tary to a choice.
[>. Bat no person constitutionally ineligible to
the office of President shall be eligible to that of
Vice President of the Confederate States.
6. The Congress may determine the time of
choosing the electors, and the day on which
they shall give their votes ; which day shall be
the some throughout the Confederate States.
7. No person except a natural born citizen of
the Confederate States or a citizen thereof, at
the time of the adoption of this Constitution, or
a citizen thereof born in the United States prior
to the 20th of December, 1860, shall be eligible
to the office of Presiient; neither shall any per
son be eligible to that office who shall not have
attained the age of thirty-five years, and been
fourteen year3 a resident within the limits of the
Confederate States, as they may exist at the
time of his election.
8. In case of the removal of the President
from office, or of his death, resignation or ina
bility to discharge the powers and duties of the
said office 1 , the same shall devolve on tho Vice
President j and the Congress may, by law, pro
vide for the ease of removal, death, resignation
or inability both of the President and Vice Pres
ident, declaring what officer shall then act as
President, and such officer shall act accordingly
until the disability be removed or a President
shall be elected.
The President shall, at stated times, receive
for his services a compensation, which shall nei
ther be increased or diminished during the pe
riod for which he shall have been elected; and
he shall not receive within that period any other
emolument from the Confederate States, or any
of them.
10, Before he enters on the execution c-f his ’
office, ha shall tako tho following oath or affir
mation.
“I do solemnly swear (or affirm)" tha’ I will
faithfully execute the office of President of tin
Confederate States, and will to the best of m.'
ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Con
stitution thereof.”
section 2.
1. The President shall bo comman ler-iu-ch es
of the army and navy of the Confederate States,
and of the militia of the several States, when
called into tho actual service of the Confederate
States; he ma., reopxire the opinion, in writing,
of the principal officer in each of the Executive
Departments, upon any subject relating to the
duties of their respective offices; and he shall
. have power to grant reprieves and pardons for
| offences against the Confederate States, except
! in cases of impeachment.
| 2. He shall have power, by and with the ad
| vice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties,
provided two-thirds of the Senators present con
cur; and he shall nominate, and by and with
the advice and consent of the Senate, shall ap
point ambassadors, ether public ministers and
consols, Judges of the" upreroe Court, and all
other officers of the Confederate States, whose
appointments ara not herein ‘otherwise provided
tor, and which shall be established by law ; but
tho Congress may. by law, vest the appointment
of such interior officers, as they may think pro
per, in the President alone, in the courts of tw
or in the heads of Departments.
3. The principal officer in each of the Execu
tive Departments, and all persons connected with
the diplomatic service, may be removed from
office at tho pleasure of the President. All oth
er civil officers of the Executive Department may
be removed at any time by the President, or oth
er appointing power, when their services arc un
necessary, or fur dishonesty, incapacity, ineffi
ciency, misconduct, or neglect of duty; and
when so removed, tho removal shall bo reported
to the Senate, together with tho reasons there
for.
4. The President shall have power to fill all
vacancies that may happen during the recess of
the Senate, by granting commissions which shall
expire at the end of their next session; but no
person rejected by tho Senate shall be re-appoin
ted to the same office during their ensuing ro
cess.
SECTION 3.
1. The President shall, from time to time, give
to the Congress information of the state of the
Confederacy, and recommend to their considera
tion such measures as ho shall judge necessary
and expedient; ho may, on extraordinary occa
sions, eonvene both Houses, or either of them ;
and in cose ol the disagreement between them,
with respect to the time of adjournment, he may
adjourn them to such time as ho shall think pro
per ; ha shall receive ambassadors and other pub
lic ministers; ho shall take care that the laws
bo faith!ully executed, and shall commission all
he officers of the Confederate States.
section 4.
1. The President, Vice-President, and all civil
officers of the Confederate States, shall be re
moved from office on impeachment for, and con
viction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes
and misdemeanors.
ARTICLE 111.
SECTION 1.
The judicial power of the Confederate States
shall bo vested in one Superior Court, and in
such Inferior Courts ss tho Congress may from
timo to time ordain and establish. The judges,
both of the Supreme and Inferior courts, shall
hold their offices during good behavior, and shall,
at stated times, receive for their services a com
pensation, which shall not bo diminished during
their continuance in office.
SECTION 2.
1. The judicial power shail extend to all cases
arising under this Constitution, tba laws of the
Confederate States, and treaties made or which
shall be made under their authority : to all cases
affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and
consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime
jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the Con
federate States shall be a party ; to controver
sies between two or more States; between a Stuto
and citizens of another State where tha State is
plaintiff; between citizen* claiming lands under
grants of different States, and between a State
or the citizens thereof, an i foreign States, citi
zens or subjects ; but r.o State shall be sued by
a citizen or subject of any foreign State.
2. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other
public ministers, and consuls and those in
which a State sh;ui bes. p.sriy, tho Supreme
Court shall have original jurisdiction. I < aii
other oases before mentioned, the Supremo Court
shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law
and fact, with such exceptions, and under such
regulations, as the Congress shall make.
3. The trial of all crime?, except in cases of
impeachment, shall be by jury, and such trial
sbail bo held in tho Stuto whero said crimes
shall have been committed ; but when not com
mitted in any State, the trial shall be at such
p’aee or places as the Congress may by law have
directed.
SECTION 3.
E Treason against the Confedcr.vu .ff,; -hall
consist only in levying waragak:>t them, or in
adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and
comfort. No person shall be convicted of trea
son unless on tho testimony of two witnesses to
tha sarno overt act, or on confession in oner,
court.
2. The Congress shall have power to declare
the punishment of treason, but no attainder of
treason shall work corruption of blood, or for
feiture, except daring the life of the person fit
tainted.
ARTICLE IV.
SECTION 1.
J. Pull faith and credit shall bo given in each
State to tho public acts, records and judicial
proceedings of every other State. And the
Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the
manner in which such acts, records, and pro
ceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.
section 2.
1. The citizens of each State shall be entitled
to all tho privileges and immunities of citizens
in the several States, and shall have the right of
transit and sojourn in any State of this Confed
eracy, with their slaves and other property ; and
tho right of property in said slaves shall 'not be
thereby impaired.
2. A person charged in any S ate with trea
son, felony, or other crimo against tho laws of
such State, who shall flee from justice, and bo
found in another State, shall, on demand of the
Executive authority of tho State from which he
fled, ba delivered up to bo removed to the State
having jurisdiction of the crime.
3. No slave or other person held to service nr
labor in any State or Territory of tho Confede
rate States, under the laws thereof, escaping cr
lawfully carried into another, shall, in ‘ con.- c
quenco of any law or regulation therein, be dis
charged from such service or labor ; but shall be
delivered up on claim of the party to whom
such slave belongs, or to whom such service or
labor may be due.
SECTION 3.
1. OlLer States may be admitted into this Con
federacy by a vote of two-thirds of tho whole
House of Representatives, and two-thirds of the
Senate, the Senate voting by States ; but no
new State shall be formed or erected within tho
jurisdiction of any other State ; nor any State
be fotmed by the junction of two or moro States,
or parts of States, without the consent of tLe
legislatures of the States concerned as W3li as of
the Congress.
2. The Congress shall have power to dispose
of and make all needful rules end regulations
concerning the property of the C nfederatc
.States, including tho lands thereof.
Z. The Confederate States may acquire new
territory ; and Congress shall have power to
legislate and provide governments for the inhab
itants of all territory belonging to tho Confede
rate States lying without tho limits of the sev
eral States : and may permit them, at such times,
and io Bueh manner as it may by law provide,
to form States to be admitted into the Confede
racy. Ia all such territory, the institution of
negro slavery as it now exists in the Confederate
States, shall be recognized and protected by
Congress, and by the territorial government;
and the inhabitants of the several Confederate
States and Territories, shall hare tho right to
ralco to such territory arty slave?, lawfully held
by theta in .fay of the .Spates or territory h of the
Confederate State®.
4. The Confederate States sba'l L . uarf i,t. l; • ,
evtry State that.now is or h^realto-omy b. <: ,m 0
a nuruhir of this t. mftderaey, u i ,
form of government, and aboil \ r cl ea, ~ o:
them again, t invasion ; and on application of
the legi.dature:{< r> f the Executive when tha
legislature is Utt iu session) against domestic
violence.
ARTICLE V.
SECTION 1.
1. Upon the demand of any three States, le
gally assembled in their several conventions,
the Congress shall summon a convention of all
the States, to take into consideration such
amendments to the Constitution as the sai l
States shall concur in suggesting at the time
when the said demand sh«ll be made: aid
should any ol the proposed amendments to
the Constitution be agreed on by the said con
vention-voting by States—and the same be
ratified by the legislatures of two thirds of the
several States, or by convention in two thirds
thereof—os the one or the other mode of ratifi
cation may be proposed by the general conven
tion—they shall thenceforward form a part of
this Constitution. But no State shall, without
its consent, be deprived of its equal represen
tation in the Senate.
ARTICLE VI.
1. The Government established by this Con
stitution is the successor ol the Provisional
Government of lho Confederate States of
America, and all the laws passed by the latter
shall continue in force until the same shall be
repealed or modified; and all the officers ap
pointed by the same shall remain in office un
til their successors are appointed ami quail
tied, or the offices abolished.
2. All debts contracted and engagements
entered into before the adoption of this Consti
tution shall be us valid against the Confederate
States under this Constitution as under the
Provisional Government.
3. This Constitution and the iaws of the
Confederate States, made in pursuance there
of, and all treaties made, or which shall be
made under the authority of the Confederate
States, shall be the supreme law of the land ;
and the judges in every State shall be bound
thereby, anvthing in the constitution or the
laws ot any State to the contrary notwith
standing.
4. The Senators and Kepresenlives before
mentioned and the members of the several
State legislatures, and all executive and judi
cial officers, both of the Confederate States
and of the several States, shall be bound bj
oath or affirmation, to support this constitu
tion; but no religious; test shall ever be re
quired as a qualification to any office or public
trust of the Confederate States.
5. The enumeration, in the Constitution, u
certain rights, shall not be construed to deny
or disparage others retained by the people of
the several States.
0. The powers not delegated to the G’onfed
erate States by the Constitution, nor prohibited
by it to the States are reserved to the States,
respectively, 6r to the people thereof.
ARTICLE VII.
See 1. The ratification of the Convenlion*
of live States shall be Sufficie t for the estab
lishment of this Constitution.
2. When five States shall have ratified this
Constitution, in the manner before specified,
the Congress under the Provisional Constitu
tion, shall prescribe the time for holding the
election of President and'Vice President; and
for the meeting of the Electoral College; and
for counting the votes, and inaugurating the
President. T hey shall also prescribe the time
for holding the first election of Members Oi
Congress under tin's Constitution, and the time
for assembling tha same. Until xlie assem
bling- ot such Congress, the Congress under
the Provisional Constitution shall continue to
exercise the legislative powers granted them,
not extending beyond the time limited by the
Constitution of the Provisional Government.
Adopted unanimously, March 11, ISGI.
SOUTHERN
TOBACCO DEPOT!
We are the Agents 4 :»■ the sale of TO
BACCO manufactured by the most reli
able VIRGINIA AND NORTH CARO
LINA* TOBACCONISTS, many of whom
are well known ?o Snutnern dealers.
Our present stuck consists of about One
Thousand Boxes of all grades and prices,
to which attention is specially invited.
To dealers in other cities and States, we
vvi-i tarnish a list of prices, and send same,
wjm -ampies, by Express, p‘ th ’ir charge.
j. A. ANSLEY & CO.,
No. 399 Broad Street,
AUGUSTA* GEO«
March 7, 1861—dlOJ.
CENTRAL RAILROAD,
Savannah, Feb. 23, 1861.
nrilE Congress of tho Confederate States of
jL America having, ori tho 18ih day ot Feb
ruary instant, enacted the law hereunto annex
ed, it becomes neces.-ary that this Company
should change the system heretofore pursued by
tbera in receiving ands rwarding goods con
signed to their care, as they are not prepared to
transact the business at the Custom House ai;d
advance the duties, or give bonds for tho
same, as will be required.
Therefore, Merchants, Consignees of goods,
heretofore consigning them to the care of Cen
tral Railroad Agent, ore hereby notified that
from and after the 10th day o/March next, their
goods must be consigned to the care of some
Commission Merchant in the city, whose out
lay (commissions and duties always excepted.;
will be advanced i v this Company, and charged
to the goods a.s formerly.
Dill of L ading, Invoice and accompanying in
structions should ho mailed to tho Commission
Merchant employed to forward the good?; and
it would be well for Merchants to instruct their
shippers so to do.
IE K. GUTTLER President.
AjST act.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Confederate
Slates of America, in Congress Assembled, That
tho following articles shall be exempt from du
ty, and admitted free into said States to-v.it-
Bacon, pork, hams, I rd, beef, fish of all kinds
wheat and flotir of wheat, and flour of all other
grains: Indian corn and meal; barley and barley
flour: rye and rye flour; oats and oat meal; gun
powder and all the materials of which it is made;
lead in a,, forms; arms of every description, and
munitions of war and military accoutrements;
I e-rc-ussh n caps; living animals of all kinds; al
so all agricultural products in their natural
state.'
b e. 2. And be it further enacted, That all
goods, wares and merchandize imported from
any one of, the late United States of America,not
being now a member of this Confederacy, into
this Confederacy before the fourth day of JJarch
next, which may have been bona fide purchased
heretofore, or within tea days after tho passage
of this act, shall be exempt and free from duty.
fee. 3. And be it, farther enacted, That the
State of Texas bo, and is hereby exempted from
the Tariff laws, heretofore passed and adopted by
this Congress.
[Signed] HOWELL COBB,
President of the Congress.
Passed by Congress on the ei hteenth of Feb
ruary, eighteen huedrded and eixty-one.
J. J. HOOPER,
Fel>2i—dwlm. See’y of the Congress,