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SAVANNAH RBPfJBLiOAN. b'HEDliUlCK 8. FELL, 4 cfrr hunter. uni Vaasa, giiBirr.... cgostst, us, m in. , rjrjttt ix jorjiieM. etfrtti »*i tn ssw anvtimtsassvs imiia Mm rmu -ubItbt u aitau, o«t ADVKti TISKAlEA'TS. To -ensure a-, publication on the' day advertise ments are lent,It is indupcosible that they should be dchrcrtd at this office at or before twuti o'clock. Tbit arrangement is found necessary to enable us to get our paper to (tress in time to bare our packets nude up *hd dispatched by the first mad; and (0 serve oar town subscribers at an ear* ly Inrnr. * : THE SOUTHERN CAMPAIGN Much has been written on this subject, from 'conjecture, or on light information. The article "wh'-ch follows, is of a difirrent "character. It ap- J rars in tbe Nashville. Whig of the 19th idt. snd, rum the plaCe of its birth, may be safely attn- 'buted to one who knows the views of general Jarason, and speaks his sentiments. It ia, there fore, entitled to more than ordinary considera tion.—Jjfat Intel to rot xoiToas or ns waaavitu wmo What were the facts, as tbejr presented <treiB«i»e» t<» generaf Jackson, on the the atre of war? This nest deserves uur in quiry. General Jackson observed, no doubt,'thatlirs government had taken pos 'tension of Amelia'Illanri, which belonged to the'king of Spain,'who seemed unable nr unwilling tu prevent its being the re fuge of runaway slaves from the contigu ous states, and*affording an asylum to dis solute people, occupied in the'daily viola tion of the reven-.c laws of the United States. -He nrust have observed, also that general Gaines, after having taken possession of Amelia Island, had received orders from the government tn march •thorough Florida, anil'to chastise the Sem inole Indians: who, just before, or soon af ter, captured a boat on'the Appalachicola. laden with provisions for our troops, under the command of lieutenant Scott; putting >tu death him, and forty men, all of whom wore the military uniform of the United States.. ‘ft was these troops, under the guidance of general Gaines, together with such aux iliary military force as he might deem ne- -cessa-y and cail forth, for the purpose «f .putting an end to the'Seminole war, that general Jackson was 'designated to com nand, by the order trf the executive. Af ter organising thte Georgia' miiitia'at Hart ford; lie marched frermtheuce on the 19th 'of February; on the S2d, reached Fort Early, anti stion in March arrived at 'Fort -Scott, near the Florida line. Within the ■Ijmits of the United States, general - Jack son could find none of the hostile Indians ■His Orders authorised fiim to search for them iu Florida; he did so, and found but •few at Tallasee. StHl'ptrrsoiug'Uie object 'ofhis command, he found them embodied at Mickasuky, where he defeated them, ar.rr ’took some prisoners from whom he learnt, 'that a large body of his enemies were pro tected and provisioned tft St. Marks, a. Spanish garrison.* From -this place, in prosecution of the objectuf the war, he. de termined to dislodge them, before taking this step, however, he wrtfte to the Span ish governor «t Pensacola,Requesting per mission to navigate the Spanish waters in the conduct of the war against the Semi nole*. This request wtstiffugert; and the -’denial was couched in terms so harsh aod acrimonious, as, " hen taken in connection with the information obtained by the pri soners, furnished tbe evidences of a well grounded belief that the Indians were in stigated to War, and received assistance from the Spanish authorities'in Florida.— Under this conviction, he tnarclied to St. Murks, which he reached Wuly in April. On his march to the place, he ascertained clearly that at this post the Indians were in the' habit of rdceivingsupplies of provis ions and munitions of war; and that they were encouraged by the SphiftXrds there to plunder the frontier inhabitants of their cattlo, which they Txpcsed fiir Sale to the inhabitants of St. Marks; and 'that, in con sequence, the inhabitants at tins post had p jrchased cattle of the Indians with a full knowledge of their having been stolen from the frontier inhabitants of the United States. It was during the cohtfrittatic'e of these habits of intimacy between the Indians and Spanish authorities, while the fotmer were holding councils in their forts, and receiv ing from them the munitions of War, that general Jackson took possession uf St. Marks, and wrote to the governor uf Pen sacola expressive of the motives which had induced him to do so—stating that his in tentions were entirely pacific, or precau tionary, and without any disposition to huld the possession of the place any long er than tni&ht be absolutely necessary to the speedy termination of the War; all which he referred tu his government, Whilst at St. Marks general Jackson received information that, on the 15th April, the governor of Pensacola bad fur nished provisions to five hundred warriors, or hostile Indians, and that two different parties of 4hem had, with the knowledge of the governor, been supplied and fur nished for war, had proceeded from Pen- pacola to the frontier of Georgia, for the purpose of hilling and plundering its in habitants. The general, as yet, had been able to find but few of the enemy, and those were nourished, assisted, and protected, by the Spsnish authorities, constituting but a small portion of those whose inroads arid outrages on the frontiers, so frequent ly repeated, had produced the necessity of the campaign. Was be requited under these circumstances to return home, with out having done any thing in the least ef fectual in putting a period Ur the murder ous and predatory incursions of the sa vages? This was an object all important to the government, and to effect which, it .had beta deemed necessary to put in re- fu'rition the very distinguished energy and talents of Jtcxson. tie had done lit tle towards chastising these savages, and still less, which was calculated to put an end to the war, which constituted the great object of the expedition, and which must have been principally insisted on by the spirit of the president’s order to the gen eral. Under these circumstances, 1 say, was it required of general Jackson to march back to their homes his brave and patriotic followers, who bad sbffcieJ con siderable hardships in a march of six or eight hundred miles, without half provis ion, and often wading to their cl.in in swamps and rivers? I repeat it, under such circumstances could it have been ex pected of general Jackson to lorn back his troops; and that too without having done any thing in the least calculated to put an end to the war, which was the sole object of his long and liarrassing march? Gener al Jackson knew, when at St. Marks, that the principal chiel and warrior of the Se mmoles was then at Pensacola, with i large number of his followers, waiting on ly the retrogression of our iroups to marrh Irum that post to renew the scene of blood and robbery which had been so recently checked on <>ur borders by the approach of bis army. Was he then required to re trace his steps,and take post within cur limits, and then patiently wait until savage chivalry should give him battle in his trenches—or proceed to Peoi««l»,wW trie Spanish subjects and authorities aided and protected the Indians—rout them from thence, garrison the Spanish fort, and re port the whole proceedings to his go vernment, that such a course might be tak en as policy and justice should require? Hail the general done less than this the whole nation tv.,uld have raised an outcry and might with great propriety have de clared, that much too little had been ef fected—nay, that nothing effectual had oeen accomplished, though great expeusi and incalculable hardships had be<ai incur red aud suffered. The general had no time to lose; die sickly season was fast ap proaching; most of his army exhausted by fatigue and suffering; and every day be coming more anxious to return to their homes and families. The *ndians were protected at Pensacola, where they were supplied with provisions, or had eluded all his search and diligenoe by inaccessible swamps and morasses. Spain, it is said, was unable to restrain the Indians from the commission uf hostility, agreeable to hei treaty with the United States. In defer ence to the Spanish government, this is presumed and so stated in the Intelligen cer. From the fact, however, uf finding the Indiana embodied at and in the Span ish garrisons, from whence they proceed ed, furnished and equipped for war, by the Spaniards, no other conclusion eoulo have been formed, but that these garrisons were not only unable to restrain the in dians, but that, dreading their vengeance in case of denial, they were compelled to furnish the means ut their massacres and plunder. In this respect the case is perfectly similar*to the circumstances which had before induced the United States to seize upon the occupation ol Amelia-Island. It seems that a set of pi ratSs;-renegadoes, arid runaway negroes, had not only taken possession, but had also usurped all the authorities of the Isl and aud were daily pirating the seas, and smuggling, in violation ot the revenue laws of the U. States. Under these cir- umstances, the United States took pos session of the Island; and, it is not under stood the Spanish minister, resident at Washington city at the time, made any complaint to our government on the sub- natioosand usages of war, which gen. Jackson was bound to observe, or Tor any violations W which he starts responsible to his country- That this was the state of things is made plain by example. Let ns suppose that when gen. J. marched to Saint Marks in search ofhis enemy, agree ably to h>» orders from his government. that he rirt mly found his enemy under the sink them in the wells, taking the precau walls of t>e garrison, but- within ii; aud tion to stop them very carefully, as the ject—sensible, on doubt, from the facts, that the conduct ol tiie government in the afiair had been just aud proper. Spain was similarly situated in respect to the savages in Florida, being 'additionally bouud by treaty- to restrain them. But she was not mure able to restrain the In dians of Florida from robbing and killing our frontier, than to prevent tbe settle- inentot a set of pirates and smugglers in Amelia Island. The United States are not at war 'with Spain, rqr does she desire tube so,but is ready, according to Jack son’s treaty with the gairisuns, to deliver them up whenever the Spanish nation will furnish a force sufficient to prevent the In dians from taking shelter in, and, by com pulsion, procuring warlike support from tiiem. There is one difference, and only one, between the case of the garrisons of St. Marks and Pensacola, and Amelia Island, l'he first was taken possession uf to pre vent the efiusion of tne blood ui men, wo men, and children; the latter to prevent spoliations on our revenue, or to save a little money to the treasury. Had Jack- son returned home without destroying his enemies whom he could not reach, and left St. Marks and Pensacola as he found them, his campaign had been less than nugatory. The Indiaus, exasperated but not conquer ed, would have pursued in the rear of bis retiring army, and with increased ferocity- crimsoned his steps with tbe blood uf those he w as sent to defend. Tne course of general Jackson was therefore to only correct one on the occasion. He acted on his own responsibility, to be sure, as he should do iu all cases; but has he, in do ing so, disobeyed bis orders? Certainly not. The special order in relation to the Spanish posts, founded ncccssarilv on the presumption that the Spaniards were neu tral in tne war, ceased to exist the momeut that these people took any part with the enemy The discovery of tins fact there fore, left Jackson to tbe sole direction of the general order given him,in adoptingali lawful means to put an efiectaal end to the rietnmule War. Jackson acted on a state of things as they presented themselves to nim on the theatre of action—facts which were entirely unknowo to the president, aud winch could have formed no part of his contemplation at the time hi* order was issued. It was • new case, not with in the scope of the order to respect the Spanish forts, but dspending on the law ol g*raapq r that the Spaniards commenced firing from the walls of the fort upon his army.— Could it be possible that the president’s order to the general was intended to em brace such a case as this, under the spe cial provision to respect the forts, etc.?— Was Jackson in this situation to halt his army, rest their arms, and receive the butchering fire ot the garrison, directed by Indians and Spaniards, combined in unknown proportion? or retreat precipit ately without the Spanish limits, leaving the Indians ready to issue from i heir asy lum, equipped, provisioned and refreshed by their friends, to lay waste the frontier settlements, in the absence of all relief!— I say, under such circumstance-, should Jackson have thus acted? Or should he not rather have advanced, dislodged his enemy, garrisoned the fort, and thereby effected for Spai*i what she was unable to do for herself—and which, left undone, expose our frontier to savage butchery anti depredation? Common sense—the sense of all nations will emiwer this question.— This supposed case is in all essential par ticulars similar to the facts which uccured to gen. Jackson on his approac h to these forts. He was not fired upon, it is true, but here the enemy found refuge from his pursuit, aud were furnished with all its means necessary for the pillage and mur der of our citizens. The Spaniards did not, as it appears, take an immediate share in the hostilities of the savages, but bv the protection and supplies furnished them in their forts, the Indian war acquired alt its force, and indicated a participation on the part of Spain, either voluntary or con strained, the effect of which was equally injurious as a state of war with that pow er. ARISTIDES. From the Aujutta Chronicle, 18Hi inot. NEfP-ORLEAA'S. The following extract of a letter to the editors of the Chronicle, from a respectable and intelligent ycung gentleman, furnishes some interesting particulars io relation to the physical appear ance of tlie country, &c. which will, no doubt, be read with pleasure: — “By inspecting a map of Louisiana you cannot hut be forcibly struck with the opinion, that all the tongue ot land which lies along each side of the Mississippi, and projects into' the Gulph of Mexico, lias been formed in gradual progress, by the annual alluriau of this mighty river thro’; succession of ages. The soil is of a pecu liar quality, differing inconsistence and tip pearance considerably from any of the riv er lands in Georgia, or South Carolini which I have seen; and this may well be imagined, since it is composed of the abrad ed particl M s of terrene matter in all the va riety that nature choses to exhibit tkcro- from the precious atoms of gold, down to the minutest qualities of common earth.— Since the soil has been formed by the al- luvail deposits of the river, it posseses the most luxuriant fecundity, and kindly iui parts it to all the plants which derive nour ishinent from its bosom. The surface of as much of the Delta as 1 have seen is the must perfect level. 1 saw the waters of the Mississippi apparently higher than the land on either side, in the month of May; and it seemed that the coun try might have been irrigated, or rather deluged by numerous streams which would have poured through openings made in the levee. But the people of the country pre fer to have their crops refreshed by the showers of Heaven. As the country 'is so level wherever no trees or houses inter vene to obstruct the prospect, you may have an extended view up or down the riv er, which to my eyes is really beautiful; being variegated by the white villas of the rich planters, picturesque clumps of trees of the most vivid greeu and a rich carpet ing of verdant herbage along the shores; while the whole is often enlivened by the appearance of several vessels with snowy canvass swelling proudly before the wind, and riding elegantly along the smooth sur face of the “father of rivers.” The spring of tlie present year has been so dry as to prove considerably injurious tu the smaller vegetables, and esculeut plants; i have not seen them in all the luxury: though what I have seen of them in tins year, gives a tine specimen of what they might be. Not withstanding the encouragement that ;ardenin ( - meets with iu the city, and the ligh price which culinary vegetables com mand.in market, tue arts is not so much at tended to as I had expected to find it.— The orange and several speces of the fig, together with a great number of flowering plants peculiar to worm countries, ot the most luscious tragrance, give Louisiana a portion of the vegetable creation, which those regions of Georgia which 1 have visi ted cannot be favoured with: fine grapes grow here also, but by !<e means superior to such as I have seen that were produced on the Sand- Hi I Is, in — garden. The thatit coutd ever be rehdeted tolerably fit for drinking; bet the simple process o' stirring it rapidly with a stick, and castin; in a tittle allum, purifies it completely,’am it becomes as clear and palatable as any water. By remaining in a cask two or three days it becomes quite warm; those who wish it to cool fill bottles or jugs, end plumbs and peaches ottlie country are in different; they degenerate very much; and there are no apples, pears or cherries. In digging only a few feet below the surface of the earth, watec is found; and even at this depth it seeuis circulated through the whole mast pi’the lower stra ta; this water too is irery impure, emitting an offensive smell, ns tfstrougly impreg nated with rotten vegetable matter, such as sticks, leaves, {$c. It is no mere puta ble than sea water. It will suffice for washing. Rain water is made use ol in cooking and washing the face end hands. The river ^ater is most generally requir ed for drinking. When it is first hauled up, (for it is vended bycarfmen at 50 cents the barrel) it is extremely turbid; and eiie who has been accustomed to tne limpid waters of * fountain would hardly think least mixture of well water would spoil their contents. The water is generally ta ken by the cartmtn in eddies and pud dies, where it is much less pure than ’ would be were ir taken from the current. Some of the speculative speak of a plan of watering the city by acqueducte, which may be supplied by reservoirs situated some distance above tbe town. It is prob able that were ingenuity and liberality unite tbeir efforts, that some plan might lie contrived for furnishing waur to tne in habitants with more facility, and mure their satisfaction than by the present mode. Some feeble attempts have already been made for the purpose of erecting some kiud of hydraulic machinery, but have pto ved entirely abortive. The climate of this country I consider preferable to that of Georgia. There excessive heat felt here during a ccrtaii part of the day; but an eutire day seldom passed off without some part of it being pleasant. The evenings are invariably cool after 10 a’clock; I do not recollect more than two nights this summer during which I felt that suffocating heat which ' have often experienced in Augusta, such au annoyance to comfort. \Vhen a person remains inactive throughout the day, the temperament of the atmosphere is such by the joint action of a burning sun and refreshing breezes, as to produce a gentle perspiration, and a constant soft moisture of the skin; though if be exerts himself' the heat of the sun considerably, he m. expect tn reccivu a briny drenching. - contemplating the blue canopy here, Stikes me with the thought that it is much more rarified than by native . sky. The transitions from hot to cold are never so suddffi in this climate, as far as I liav- experienced it, as I have been accustom ed to. Consequently where tempereuc in eating, drinking, and exercise is pur sued, there may not be expected such Ire quent derangement of the system.” Forei£k Extracts. London. Aug. 20. Singular and solemn event.—We are indebted to an officer, late ofhis majesty’s ship Vengeur, for the following awful nar rative, which recently occurred on board th >t ship, and of which he was an eye wit ness:—A seaman on board his majesty’s ship Rivoli appeared to have the greatest possible aversion to the naval service, and was most anxiously looking forward to the ship’s being paid off, thinking, like thous unds of others, who have perhaps been equally disappointed, that he could easily provide for himself on shore. His ship mates laughed at his constant railing a- •laicist his profession, and jokingly used to say, we shall see you on board a man-of- war again one day or other yet; to which he usually replied, that he only hoped if ever he went on board a man-of war again for the purpose of entering, that God Al- mighty would instantly strike him dead The Rivoli was at last paid off at Ports mouth, on her return from the Meditcr ranean, and it is to be supposed all tbe schemes vanished which the unfortunate subject of this memoir had formed. No thing was now left him but again to em brace his old profession, lor which purpuse he went on board his majesty 's ship Ven- gear, captain Alexander, at Portsmouth Lieut. Blake, the senior lieutenant of the Vengeur, and also a number of her seamen formerly served in the Rivoli; the latter ol whom were much surprised at seeing their old shipmate come on board as a volunteei Lieut. Blake glanced over his certificates, and, us is usual, ordered one of the medi cal officers to examine him, previous to his being placed on th 3 books—when, in tlie act of turning Itimself to go below for that purpose, dreadful to relate, he fell down lilelesson the quarter-deck. Apprehension of Air. Harvey.—About tliq period of the dissolution of parliament, a youog man of gentlemanly appearance, and of elegant manners, travelled in tlie west of England in a carriage and four, under the assumed name of Harvey, and stated every v-here that he was going to offer himself as a candidate for one of die Cornwall boroughs, varying the name of the borough as it suited his parpose. In his progress he introduced himself to a number uf country bankers, to whom he stated the object he had in view, observing that nothing could be done without plenty of money, at borough elections, and pro ducing at the same time letters of credit from bankers in Londun with whom they were connected. These lettere were for geries. Many of the bankers, acting with our hisheries on Opt coast of I.abradpr«ml Newfoundland. Oulj a few days ago, we mentioned that seven or eight of these in truding'vessels had been captured by cap tain Hhrper, and sent into one of (he Ame rican ports for trial, whence one of (hem contrived-to escape and to convoy, the news extensively. The master of the ves sel which thus escaped,thooghtit a mighty grievance that he should have been captur ed; and accordingly published a letter in tbe American paper*, complaining of the hard treatment he had experienced from capt. Harper. We hope that hit pub lication will have the eflect ot preveoting his countrymen from continuing their in trusions upon British property. If not, we can assure them that the orders issued to the British cruisers Upon the subject are peremptory, and such as they are likely to smart underunless tbeydesiat. These or ders instruct our naval officers oh the fish- iug stations, that “when vessels of the Uni ted States are found hovering on the coast they are to be warned off; arid if found in the bays or harbours, lire to be seized ,ind brought in for trial.” - Launch of a line-of battle ship sit the East Indies.—On the 8tli of January last, the inhabitants of Calcutta were granted by the most magnificient spectacle of the kind ever witnessed in that couutry. The first line of battle ship ever built on this river was committed to the waves from the dock-yard of Messrs. Kyds & Co., at Kidderporc, amidst the acclamations ' of some thousand of Europeans and natives. In honour of the governor-general, she is named the Hastings. 'Hie Bristol Mirror says:—“We learn with satisfaction, that in consequence of s-mie recent regulations in the United States ot America, respecting the duties on iron, at several nf tlie iron works, bar-irOa is now manufactured under the hammer; and we are led to believe that this altesi- tiun will add very considerably to the de mand nf our own iron lor markets where heretofore that of Sweden hasbeenus^d,as sales arc very brisk at advanced prices.” Died in Itailagarth street, on Saturday last, Mr. Arthur Featonly, aged 82. This person who lived during'the greater part ■if his life in a state of abject penury, is said to have died worth 20,000/1 He has not vnfrequently accepted employment on the turnpike, in the breaking ol stones, •Jc.; and the coat which he wore up to the tune of his death was so patched that scarcely a particle of cloth of which it wak •tigjnally composed could be discovered* amongst the “shreds and patches” which it exhibited.—Durham Advertiser, We hav« remarked with indignation am assertion made in the Morning Uhronicle, that our navy is “in such a wretched condi tion.” To that assertion, we are aide to give the most positive and peremptory con tradiction: and ive state with confidence that all tne ships have recently undergone ii most minute inspection; that the British navy was never in such good condition: that more ships could be sent to sea now? in the best order, than at any’former period, even in the year IT93, utter ten years of peace; and that there are amongst tttetn a greater proportion of first rates that baa ever been known. ' We have inserted iu this day’s paper the latest intelligence from this island of Ceylon. It will be perceived, with regret, from the proclamation of air Robert Brown- . rigg, that though tranquility has been - re- - stored in the provinces, vet fresh symp toms of rebellion have manifested them- ' selves in the district of Heewahette and Doombera ot such a nature as to make it necessary to proclaim marina! law. By this vigorous proceeding we hope the fur ther progress of insurrectiou will be stop ped. Severity is only the more severe by jeing delayed: and in a semi barbarous po pulation, like that of Ceylon, it is only when terror l.as reduced men to a subjec tion, that the opportuhjty is gained for creating a better principle of obedience, f The cotton spining, which fora good ma- y months has been compar. lively Hat, has acquired an nncommon activity within these few weeks, in Glasgow. About six months stock of ySrn formerly on hand, is now bought up, principally by English merchants. Tlie celerity of demaud in the Glasgow market is attributed to the gener al “strike”in Manchester, amongst thecot- ton spinners. Cotton spinners in Glasgow, who are steady and active, are making from 13 10s. to 4/ 10s. a fortnight, but they have to pay a small sum for their piecer’s wages. caution, declined crediting this impostor, but with others tie was too successful.— He is reported to have netted by his frauu- ulcnt repr< • stations' upwards of 20,0(i0/. The numerous frauds he has committed being soon afterwards discovered, lie was traced to have sailed for France, where pursuit was made alter him, but without effect. Applicatiun was made by the par ties most interested to Lord Castiereagb, he wrote to the British envoys and consuls abroad on the subject. Information was also dispatched to bankers on the conti nent. these various measures were at tended with the desired effect. The cul prit was ultimately discovered at Turio, in the disguise o/ a servant; and according to information .which reached town on Fri day, he was pn his way to Engiaud under a proper escort. Property to the amouut of eighteen thousand pound* is said to have been foun>( upon him. London, August 24. We inserted yesterday an extract from the Halifax papers, containing complaints against the subjects of tbe United States who continue to make encroachments on From the London Courier, Aug. 24. j CASE OF SIR. ARBUTHNOT. Nauau, N. P. Aug. 26, 1818. Sir,—I am especially authorised to address you by the Chief, of the Creek Nation, whose names I affix to the present. They desire it to be made known, that they have implicitly followed your advice in living friendly with, the Americans, who were their neighbours, and no wise attempted to molest them, though they have seen the Americans en croach on their territory, burning tbeir towns, and making fields where their houses stood: Bather than make resistance, they bare retired lower in the Peninsula. The town of Ecan- Holloway, on the Chatahouche, where Otis Hi. co was chief, is the instance of the encroach ments of the Americans. The town is situated undet the guns of Fort Caine,; and VGco was desired to submit to the Americans, or hi* town would be blown to atoms: rather than do this, he retired, is now living in the lower nation and his fields where the town stood, are plough ed up by the Americans. They complain of tne English government neglecting them, after having drawn them into war With America: that the promise made of sending people to reride among them has not been kept; and if they have not some person or persona resident in the nation, to watch over their interests, they will soon be driven to the extremity of (he Penin sula. You left Ur, Hambly to watch over tbe interests of the Creek nation, but you had hard ly left the nation when he turned traitor, and was led by Forbes to take the part of the Ame ricans : his letter* to me, of which I annex you a copy, will show you what lengths he would go if he had the means. It is Hambly and Davie who give the Indians allthetrouble they expe rience : they send their emissaries among the lower Creeks, and make them believe the Cou- hittes, aided by tbe Americans, are coming, down on them: they send to the Coubittas, —a report tbe lower nation is arming against them* »' thus both pfo put m f«t and their field, wi