Newspaper Page Text
FREDERICK Si FELL
cr-rr Vuivtkji.
Daily ;*«p«r. Eight Dollars per annum.
Country I'l-per.... bis Dollars per annum
rmitl t» AitriKi K
Ail iscA'kami newt i-dveitiseniv.-ius appear in
hitth papers «fD
&rNational Nomination.
At a meeting of the Democratic Mum
beta hi Congress, in the Chamber of the
House of Representatives of the United
States, February 14, 1824, the following
resolutions were unanimously adopted.
lletolved, As the sense of this meeting,
that
\v.\t. w. cttAWFonn,
of Gem gin, be recommended to the people
of the United Sta es as a proper Candidate
for the office of President, and
AUHtiVV GALLATIN,
or Pennsylvania, for the office of Vice Pre
sident, of the United States, for lour years
| Vo in the 4th of March, 1325.
Fxbcuuve DarAItTMENT, Quo
Miliedgeville, 27th April 1824 \
Sih—l cannot refrain from the expression
of my sv.rp-isc at the late communication
which the President has thought proper to
make to Congress, on. the subject of the
claims of Georgia against the Uniltd States,
Under the articles ofagrtement and cession
bf the year 1302.
Assuming as it dors principles which I
Controvert—asserting facts which I cannot
permit myself to a^mit) it becomes my du
ty ji> the recess of the Legislature of Geor
gia to enter my protest in be^airofthepeo
pie of ibis state against them, in the same
manner as I btlievo they would themselves
do, if they had an opportunity of speaking
by their immediate representatives. The
avowal of these principles the assertion oi
these facts, involve the destruction bf the
compact between Georgia and the United
States, making it null and void—and leave
no alternative to Georgia, but acquiescence
or resistance—1( multiplied by the act of
one party, the other party is absolved, and
Loth are free to declare the resumption of
their original rights. Will this canceiment
make for Georgia or for the United States?
Give us back our lands, we give you back
four money—And without making war up
on the states of Alabama and Mississippi
we will run the risk of concluding with them
the best bargain we can, it would be a bet
i,cr bargain for Georgia than that, the exe
cution ot which we urge upon the general
government. *
But before this we will have to aak a lit
tle money t f you—refund to Georgia the
live millions which you gratuitously pre
armed to certain persons, the price of the
p n- fication of New England, and which you
'p d from the proceeds of our lands. And
X* it come to this? Is it discovered at last
that Georgia has no claim either upon the
U’ ited States or upon the-Indians under
•the compact of 1802.—That it is all a dream
a vision, a phantasma with which the delu
ded people ol Georgia have been plague
ing them«elves for twenty years?—And 1
'pray you of what other construction is the
message to Congress susceptible? Are not
the Indians there treated as allodial propri
etors, us an independent people, having
file"Um et abaolutum dominium, and aeiz
ed tier my et fler tout; and that therefore
Georgia can take nothing but at their will
and pleasure.
The United States promised inthe com
pact to extinguish for Georgia the Indian
claims to the lands reserved, as soon as it
could be done peaceably and on reasonable
terms. The President in his message con*
Strues this into a stipulation to do in this
respect whatever it might please the In
dians at any time to do. Of what value
wus such a stipulation to Georgia. She
could take nothing by it; which she had not
"without it—Georgia might according to the
' -President, entreat the United States to ask
the favor of the Indians, to sell peaceably
and on reasonable terms, and if the Indians
pitted to answer no! never! the just claims
«r Geo* gia were satisfied, now and forever.
Was ever such a. stipulation heard of be
fore, either in compact between government
and government or in contract between man
and ma’n—Georgia has not required the U
nited States to invade Indian rights, to satis
fy her claims, she hasonjy asked oi the
United States to do for her .what she has
.dot e for hyrself, acquire Indian Jands when
soever and wheresoever she wanted them ;
employ the same means for us in the ful
fitment of treaty obligation, which you ha
bitually employ for yourselves without any
such obligation—In short do as you did in
the case of the Florida treaty and others.
When the President says lip and his pre
decessors have invariably done so ; may he
not have forgotten the treaty of 1814, when
a commanding word to Gen. Jackson would
have procured.for us the Creek lands with
in our # limits q-.i at least as good terms as it
did procure other lands for the U. States
beyond them.
- I appeal k> the records of your office sir,
as the voucher ol the lact, that when. that
treaty was negotiated, the obligations or
:.the United States were no more remember
cd than if the compact of 1802 bad never
existed.. Make an estimate from the same
record* of what you since 1802 have ac-
^qui^ed from the Indians for yourselves, and
^oifowre it with what unfler.the pledges of
the agreement you have acquired for Geor
gia. The difference will be about as tOO
lodnolut'. And yet it is asserted^ that the
United States have sought every opportu-
.nity to. .lutfil the stipulaifons of the compact
' Aui} may Vask theTavitr of you, air, to put
vour fin^eripn ibat particular part of them
iowii that a proposition to ex-
, JV if youp behalf has been an
y theWnt monosyllabic m.! and
t-VC^Ven contents—The History
rrpoutlpCgfony and of Wm Penn
''o bi-c-^Wrated by the patience;
r-b ouch ijR^wctshad becn borne,
- The government of the United States have
ncv.itr-protended until now that it would be
buroe 'at-all. Now we turn over n tieW leaf,
th& principle rf '.fie old treaty of Philadel
phia, the yw»i/ pro yoo principle must go
vern all treaties, and satisfy all consciences-
Would it had been so from the beginning.
I confess to you sir I do not like this kind
of half honesty—If the principle of Penn’s
‘rcaty was right, that ot every other which
tiluwcd was wrong, and he who ha3 done
wrong is in Irom of conscience bound to
get.back a right—To undo promptly and
directly what you have unrighteously done,
is a dictate I think of the Platonic and So
cratic school-undoubtedly that of a-much
higher, the Christian. ■ Begin therefore
with Georgia if you please, to unsettle all
that has been settled; but let not Georgia
be the first and the last say in a spirit of re
l>entance that what we have taken unlaw
litilly we will restore—That the Edict of
Pnpfc Alexander, of pious memory,; shall
pas* for nothing—the proclamations and
charters of diverse Kings of England, for
nothing—priority of occupation, priority of
civilisation, priority of Christianity, all no
thing—Spanish jireccdent, which by the
law of force look every thing, and g3t c
in return stripes and blows of course for
nothing. And beseeching the forgiveness
of sins return to the principles and.prac-
tices of Wm Pehn, ltut then is not ulonc
ment still due the aboriginal? IIow, (if
yo take the rule of this message for your
guide,) can you repair the wrongs of all
kinds done him, since the landing on the
lock at Plymouth. Your whole substance
would not compensate them by one half
lint sir not even the Puritans and the
Quitters, will consent to give up now, and
it things are to remain as we find them,
why is Georgia to be selected for a pro
pitiatory offering? It is a fact unquestion
able, that for 15 or 20 years past, well
knowing your obligations to Georgia uni
der the compact, you have encouraged the
Cherokees to make progress in ail the arts
of civilised life of first necessity and com
fort, within the acknowledged limits ol
Georgia—They have been rearing flocks
and herds—Constructing comfortable build,
ings—making agricultural improvements
of various kinds—organizing a government
adapted-to the grade of civilivalion they
had reached, with schools and religious
establishments appurtenant, fee. See. And
you encouraged tho beginning and progress
of these things with certain lore knowledge
they could by no possibility endure. They
have been taught by the United States to
value them as they ought) if they had not
been taught altogether at our expcnce and
without our consent, wc would havo had
no objection. But this has been the sole
cause of the unwillingness of any part of
the Cherokecs to move. TheUnited States
therefore create the cause. The Chero
kees avail themselves of it to turn their
backs upon your propositions for negotia
lion, and you have no means of escaping
the difficulty, but by asserting for the Cher
okees rights which they have not, and de
nytng rights to Georgia which you ought
to know she has.
I do most earnestly wish, sir, that this
subject could be disposed of forever Ii
never recurs but the heart sickens at (he
recollection of the crimes connected with
it. And are the wrongs of Georgia, ne
ver to have an end?
When the proclamation of ’64 gave to
Georgia the country between the Atlantic
and the Mississippi,it was thought wo took
something by it. It was not believed that
it gave us what we and all mankind had
before, the right to ask the Indians to sell
lands in fair market.—We not only tho’t
differently, but acted differently. We knew
that the whole country was ours in virtue
of the very best kind of title then recogniz.
ed by' civilized Europe,and paying proper
respect to the occupation of the Indians we
exercised all the rights of sovereigns and
masters, until Mr Adams conceived a no*
tion that part of the c -untry belonged to
him. So he said to us that part which you
occupy you may keep. The rest I will
take to myself. Accordingly he sat down
on the banks of the Mississippi and erect
ed a Territorial Government.
Georgia was in no condition to resist—
She began therefore to supplicate—from
supplication she passed,by an effort'of great
courage, to remonstrance, and thence sud
denly into the articles of agreement and ces
sion where we still find. her. But in the
mean time what had happened? I blush to
think of it. The evils of that soreand name,
less iniquity, are felt at this hour in all the
ramifications of society. The instigators
and plotters of it, you paid handsomely—
how— I will not say. The secret yet to be
revealed. The purify of the President has
no doubt kept him a sit anger to it, to this
moment. But after all, having proceeded
in a cource.of piece meal execution of the
articles for twenty years, why do you stop
short? and'say to us, all this has been gratui
tous—We owed you notliiog and wc have
paid you a great deal—your restlessness and
ii-qusitude and importunities—our harrass-
that which is already in tho htthds of the] «d ^ ^
President more efficient for your or 0,11 1 T | )e cmnmerco o?the United States with the
purposes. Delay is certain to follow, anu J j s j Bnd n f f'ubo, superior U> that of Spain and all
anxious as wo are to know ouf fat*j it * s 1 its other dependencies, Hint fully equal to that
ftetfiv wc dc»resale. I with Franco, elsifrm, id a peculiar msnnctyhd pro
Tho first detachment from the body bf\SpHe* ol «£««£££ t he safety oFthat com
the Clterokees moved across
on the naked promise or'suggestion
Jefferson—A majority of the CheroRte* I neighborhood of the ...
would do ao now. the maritime power* most interef.ted.in effecting
One more instance if you please ol the this object: and, you* committee are of opinion,
I.nfrlrnrllv treatment received that, for the protection of tin* important cum-
unkind and unfriendly treatment recetvcu merc( ^ and lha person3 and pPope tty of our
at the hands of U. States The Picstdcnt I f e now citizens, when in the ports of the Iiland,
in tho course of the present session h as I the residence of Consuls or authorised Commer
considered it his duty to recommend to cial Agents of the United States, at theae place*,
Congress to make provisions for the claims is absolutely necessary, and ought to be Indited
of the Massachusetts Militia-claims which “P^vateer^htinguished from pirate, only by
Congress had hitherto refused to rwugni » | con , m i3si nns 0 f most equivocal character, from
because with .very few exceptions, that 1 Spnoisli officers whose authority to issue them has
Militia (in the late war with England flag- never been ihewn—have been equipped in the
rattle bcloA were arrayed against tho con- Island of Porto Itico,and have committed outrages
stituted authorities of the Federal Oo,.r» 5&SSSWff&.
mcnl - , . . no commission cottld divest of their piratical char
Georgia, too has Millitia claims agatns. | lc , er< with no other naval force than a frigate.
the Federal Government ofsomc twenty or a brig and a schooner, they presumed to declare
thirty years Winding, which have been con- a blockade of more than twelve hundred mile* of
at-intlw nroed unon the iustice of Congress, coast. To this violation of all the rightsof neu
stantly urged upon me just ce m v,ongre« they , dded ^ , bsurd prete B nsion 0 f in
I remember to have introduced h i t er diciing the peaceable commerce of other na
ture the Senate, ttnd so unexceptionable t -,ons with aKtbe ports of the Spanish Main, upon
were they deemed by that enlightened body, the pretence,tbat it had heretofore been forbid
their validity was sanctioned without a dis den by the Spanish colonial. Iaw>; and, on the
— • . i.i—hof'heae two inadmissible principles, they
commissions in the Island of Porto Ricu ( to
. . r „ r . . . r„»n Jn of privateer*, which have committed ex-
their.way fell into bad company— i hey tell tensive and ruinous depredations upon the lawful
in with tho Massachusetts Claims, then commerce of the United States. Frequent remon-
most obnoxious, and shared their late. They strances have been made, both to Spain and to the
were claims for services faithfully and pat- authorities of the Island, by the executive, with
ajjauiBt the Indians—They amount to 8 »20j obtain the destitution of American vessels captur-
000 at least—when we press the United ed by the privateers of that Island, and to collect
States lor payment—the answer is these documentary evidence of the trials ind condem
claims, and alt other claims of Georgia, •>»'>«« of other*. To the first demand, the polhi
merged in U,. SiSlSSSl S
and cession, and when we go to lock for the opcn i„f,. >C f, an „f fundamental laws, uke cogni
article in which this supposed merston is to zauce of causes, legally ucnicrn,inert; that the of-
be found, we wilt as readily find it, in that I ficers of that province could not proceed, but by
very important one which gives to us the theexprt ss orders of the Supreme government,
rig,?, ..k land, of,be IndU, and ,o ,bo|SSSXS** “
[ Great Uritniri; must have recourse.
It appears, by the testimony collected by
Indians the corresponding right to answer
n °I win trouble you no further on this it r. |‘h«gentlemdn*that it had beet the prac-
pleasant subject. The cause* w hich lead 1 * 6 of ‘‘’Me privateers not to send in thetr
o the expositions and references contained pn«a to the iarge £t requented pons
in this paper arenotol'my seeking, I would impart a ^judges could determine on I
willingly have avoided them. 1,d,t > c . 1 l „ hc t c “l )lure ’ al,d ^cre the captured
The absolute denial of our r5g hts as wc ^u‘d have the means oflatrly defending
understand, and have long understood them, ‘ he , ir r ‘B ht8S but ,0 sei,d th , em ‘ lll °
at the moment when we believed they would M obsc “ re fcaporla, where the courts
have been most respected, is a subject ot\ notoriously cotrupt, and where the
mortification and regrct-So for as 1 parti and owners were deprived of the
cipate these feelings with my countrymen, P* 1 ®? 0 * of « ?en afotemeuts of
I assure you sir, they are not the offspring ll,e,r , ca9es - 1 he >; 0 art! » ,a . n y msiances of
of this day, or Ibis horn—Smarting under v™*'* condemned most unjustly: and, even
a sense of our wrongs, within the first hour! w ' ,cre ihey have had the rare good fortune
I set my foot on the floor of the Senate escapccondenmation, their owners hav
Chamber, I had occasion to expose the been subjected to ruinous costs fc charges
wrongs of Georgia, and to apprise the Sen 1 1,nd » ,n son ' B tase8 » befor « lb « Vfiaa c« a ba vc
ators that I would never vote for an Indian
Treaty, untill the claims of Georgia were
satisfied. My convictions,and my feelings
remain the same to this day. Neverthc
less, my sentiments towards the President
are unchanged—Who can be exempt fron
M0MI1AY tJVKNtNG, Ma*'31,M4
v
reached the port, the cargoes and property
have been plundered, and the officers anti
crew treaterd in a cruel and barbarous wan
ner
In San Jnans, the principal town of tht
Island oi Porto Rico, attemps have beet
error amid the csres and troubles of such | made to assasinate the commercial agent oi
an office ? What heart so callous as not to 1 thv United Stales, and the master of a mer-
pardon injuries inflicted by it—We forgive; I chant vessel, in order, as they, believe, to
but our rights are still our rights—at whut I prevent them from taking legal nieasurc*
time and in what manner they will be as | to recover property unlawfully captured
serted must depend upon the Representa
lives of the people.
Respectfully, G. M. TROUP.
Hon. Jost.v C. Calhoun,
Secretary at PVar, Washington City.
REPORT OAT PIRACIES.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
, Hat 19.
Your committee deem it unnessary to enu
merate the vfcsscls that have been captured
and-condcmucd without the color of justice,
or to recapitulate each particular case of
| barbarous outrage committed upon the per
sons and property of the citizens of the Uni*
ted States, by privateers filed out in the
ports of Porto Rico; outrages, which, in
their opinion, would justify reprisals, and
The Committee on Foreign Relations, to which I $1°"?* bl ^ kade ? lhe P ort ofthal Is|a ‘^
was referred so much of the President's message Yoa1 ' committee forbear to recommend the
as relates to the “piracies by which our commerce immediate adoption of those measures only,
in the neighborhood of the Island of Cuba has because the minister of the United States
been afflicted;” and "to the depredation, which al Madrid has been instructed to remonstrate
color, in the neighboring Island of Porto Rico,”— I the Spanish' authorities in the
report: That the prompt and energetic measures Island o! Porto Ricojand to require indem
adopted by Congress, »t the commencement of ity for tho losses sustained by the citizens
the last session, seconded by the zeal and enter 0 f ihe United States from the lawless con
prize of the officers entrusted with the command , h _ n t
of the light squadron destined to suppress piracy duCt . • c0 4 m , manc,s °. f P««vateers, bear
in the West Indies and tile Gulf of Mexico, have in S Majesty s commission. That this
succeeded in putting a stop to the piracies by I remonstrance and demand was not made
which our commerce had been afflicted in the earlier, arose from circumstances bevond
neighborhood of the Island of'Cuba, as hr as 11 the control or government. The former
foreign force, unaided by the public authorities of m ; n i s , er hart left Madrid helm-* hi.
the Island, could succeed in accomplishing this I *T lln,ster lettMadnd before his mstrue-
objcct. tionsonthis subject reached that place,
These piracies had been continued for years, I and the subsequent invasion of Spain by
under the immediate observation of the govern- France, and the conduct of the French com
ment of the Island of Cuba, which, as weir a* the niander of the blockading squadron off Ca
>*r* *?•
them have been committed by boats, which re- lster * While the committee advise, that
■named concealed in the harbors and under the I government wait the result of the negotia
headland, until they discovered their prey, which lion now pending at Madrid, or, at all
they captured, plundered,.and destroyed, upon events,, the answer to the remonstrance of
the shores of the Island. When pursued by a su mlr at .u 9t rmir , hpfnr* * r««nr»
perior force, the pirates have escaped to the shore, ™‘ n, P te f at » at D . e,or ® 8 resort
and our commanders have been refused permis. 1 13 bad to reprisals and blockade : they ear-
aion to land in pursuit of them, even on the desert 1 nestly recommend, that two or more small
and uninhabited parts of the Island, cruisers should be constantly kept off i he
It appears, from the most respectable testimony, ports of San Juan, and in the Moro Passage,
jssssm «“ ,crj,rs”'?.* ni r -
they were organized into a bund; and, that the I jf.P 1 ' a *L'" e ent an ^f „ n Juans, Agau
traffic in their plunder wasearried on openly; that I dilla, Magaguez, Cape. Roco, and Ponce
they were sometimes committed by vessels equip- American vessel unlawfully captured by
u at Havana and HtRegia; and, that they cau- Spanish privateers : and that the comman-
O’by the arrival of .the preket sh n. »
Cnpt Van UtKr.um) Citford
we have received th* New-Y«,rk
nlng paper* of the 52,1 inst -ono d« in j’ e *
tiou of the mail They furbish nothing rfgjgj
FROM WASHINGTON^
Our accounts from Washington arc to th.
st The act to establish a uniform 8Va u- I
Naturalisation, has passed the Senate, » nd ” of '
pected to puss the House without much „* **
tion. The provisions of the bill are said !! P ° ,U I
the wishes of those gentlemen in tB» dtv^ ‘ I
petitioned Congress on the subject. *
The committee on the charges of
were to report ok Monday last the 24th
saya our informant, "it will doubtless aco i ^
Crawford of all blame, and be made Ur '
powerfully on hia enemies.” ' I
Our correspondent at Washington hsi L •.'
ed us with a pamphlet, contained three 8 Zr‘.‘
delivered by the Hon. Joan Rauduuu'o!'T
Greckduestion.on Intemal lmprovemcUnd u , i
Tariff Bill. The Utter apeech nothaving£5
ported in the National Intelligencer, W e u
present a few exira-.ta from it in To Morrow* n. '
per. w W-
We lay before our readers to dsy »( ettc .
Gov. Troup addressed to Mr Calhoun, 2
at wur, on the subject ofthe dispute bitwecn nl
United States aad Georgia rektlve to Indian &
aervations in the Cherokee nation. The Cover
nor.has taken a wide and extensive view 0 f the
mutter and point out in bold and manly l mutn
•he Justice of our claims and urge, the focSt
of a speedy adjustment of the dbpote snd to a-
ward to Georgia her rights as is slipped in the
compact of 1802. It is an Interesting document
nod is worthy the attentive pcniiat ofourriiiyros.
‘•It it t/is ruertettfruu that bird• do non peck ol ■»*.
We suppose it must be for some re«r,t,cf,h«
sort that Mr Crawford lma had so msny id pecirt
him. It is the happy lot bf tills Gentleman to £c
the object sgainst whom the well known sisiuhr.
tius presses of the country, have displayed the
most malevolent dispositions. We say the happy
lot, for the private worth, talents, and integrity pf
Mr. Crawford, though previously known snd duly
appreciated and acknowledged, have been, hj tht
investigation of several charge* brought agtinS I
him, more widely dhseiuinaied in every section i I
the unions ther by giv ing additional force tr It I
(■retensionito.ihe presjdmcy. It is indeed to In I
wished, that those presses should go on In tfeifj
toble pursuits i the mor^ they will abuse, and in-
ent accusations agaiqst Mr Crawford, ihe mote
they, will esiMbliuh his fame, unrt increase liispopu-
'Wity in the United States- The friends of ill the
nndidales for the Presidency have , uk»*d up eve-
ry slander that ingenuity could invent—most of
he friends of Mr. Adams excepted. They stone
Jmo shown some little more judgment snd fori
beurunce towards Mr'. C'. If, however, VV H,
rawf.ird is notable tw withdt in'rt thep.pershoti
of the day he is unfit to be President ofthr United
State- — flis cha,ne'er would .no ;Dsir « 'nt
rn infli-xibiliiv o, tlir mountain oak,«iddt\sSt»
oecessiry to withstnnd (he tempests thattssy u>,
a«il him or the proud eninence to which he in |
pires. We are sure he oan withstand tbem-N
for he ha* withstood them. In vim then tu|
your Calhoun’*, your Edwards's, your Hays, *nd I
tlielr coadjutors endeavour to break down the 1st
tame of the Secretary of the Treasury—-not * hul I
f his head will be hurt by the base attacks made J
upon him.
ments and perplexities and expences, have
been the results of false conceits and hallii
cinations; and they must have an end. Ac
cordingly. it is recommended to end them,
proposing a removal of the Indians with
their consent: and because the U. States are
bbund by the compaetto take this or any
other measure to place Georgia, at once in
possession of her territory—but because of
considerations confined exclusively to the
welfare and prosperity of the Indians—I am
notwithstanding gratified that the President
and myself differing unfortunately on other
points, should concur in this as a measure
indispensable to the. improvement ol the
condition of the Indians, and necessary to
secure their pet manent peace and happiness
—But why this could not have been accom
plished without the intervention ol Con-
gtess I cannot easily conceive. A treaty
lor exihange of lands, would seem to be as
obviously within the compas ol Executive
powqys,as a treaty for the /itti-c/iaee uHaml*
. r any other object. If the instrument of
persuasion is the only admissable one, for
the attainment of'ilte end, I do not know
^botv Uongycfiji can by any act of theirs make
vessels of all .other nations. J be instructed to capture} and send into a
The present Capt. General of the Island of Cu-1 P ort of the United States for trail, any pri
ba has acted with great courtesy toward*bur com- vatccr that cofhmits an outrage on the<per-
mander and officers engaged on this service, and sons, or plunders the property ot citizens
has co-operated with them,'by arresting the r,i- L>r TJniiUd ,yL l.-l
rales who hud escoped to the shore; nor h . fc W' 8Ca9 r
complained, when <mr officers have found it' ne- whenever good and sufficient, testimony of
cessary to pursue them, aqd to break up their ] sucb priatical act can be obtained,
haunfo on the desert and unfrequented keys that
surround the Island. ; In no case, however, within
our knowledge, where pirates have been seized
by the authorities of the Island, have they been
brought to that punishment their crime* merited;
and those who arc well known tp have fitted out
pirsticul cruisers, and to have sold their plunder
with the utmost notoriety, are suffered to remain
in Havana and Reg)a, in the unmolested enjoy-
ment of the fruits of their crimes. Under these
circumstances, the British and American squad
i on* in those seas may repress piracy, so long as
they continue cruising in the neighborhood oft he
Island; but, there i* reason to apprehend,that,on
ditir removal, similar outrages on our commerce
vili be renewed. In the opinion of your commit
tee, piracy can only be efTeatuaily suppressed by
die Government of Spain, and by -the- authorities
of the Island taking the necessary measures to
prevent piratical vessels or boats from being equip-
ped or sailing from any part of the lsljutd, and to
apprehend snd punish.every, description of out.
Jaws, aa well those: whft'acluttfiy commit'seta of
Sheriff Sale.
Op the firat Tuesday in July next,
W ILL be sold between ten and three o'clock
at Bullomt Court House 1775 acres of land
lying on Miliedgeville road, With good improve
ments, levied on as the property of Samuel S.
Lockhart to satisfy an exccutiunln favor of Patrick
M'Derraott.
JAMES DENMARK, a n c.
may 31 128
Sheriff *s Sales.
Oh the first Tuesday in Adgutt' next,
fr*i/ILL he sold.at the Court House in Wayne
'•II County, between the usual hours,
A negro m»n named March, under an execution
on the foreclosure bf a mortgage in favor of Thos.
Muse against John U. Kemp.
JiiSBPH FORT, a w o.
may 31
(run TBS UKPCBMCAX.)
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT, NO. 5.
In England internal navigation commenc' d bf
particular grants enabling corpo-atlci, and K>ne«
times individuals to fake p< r> caLr view, u der
their charge to k-.-ep them of obstm - n»>
:<n.f to receive toils from the vessels, which navi
gated i hem.
In process of time as population increued, *nd
die advantages of water carriage became more
apparent, further grant* were made, sutivnittng
companies or individuals, to eqtiend -the naviga
tion on certain rivers, further into the coun'f) -
The great difficulty of toWing vessels aga’nst the
stream.—The very lengthened course pf mo sl •*'
vera from their serpentine channel suggested the
propriety of leaving the bed of the rirero, fo' •
new cqt for the navigation across a neck of .oixV
with a pound lock at its lower extremity. At
these side cuts, and pound locks were incrtaied
ir number,their superiorlud vantages became mote
appvent: ao that u company of gentlemen, who
were authorized to make Sankeff Brook navifp'
ble from the Mersey river to near St. Hellini, to
Lancashire, determined after mature deliberation
to avoid the bed or channel of the brook, and »
make one entire new cut or canal, as near as con-
venierit to the bed of the rivtr, with locks there
on in such places as the falls of the ground should
render necessery. '
This canal was accordingly effected in the yeF
1730 Its highest pound or level was aupp'ied with
water, by a efit or feeder from the Brook. Thai
navigable lands had their rise in England, aad for
thia Teason it has been said- that nature only l0 *
tended rivers to raise fish and to feed catials-*”
Certain it is thar the use of canals is attended w'
many advantage^ over riveia—the difficult ■
navigating against the stream is surmountedi *
boats may be towed by horses; Instead of .bW’
, poled by manual labor or propellitd by >***
"with its attendant expense and danger; bui
more will be said hereafter.
Abbut the year 1757, the Duke of Bridget*^
knowing what had been effected ?0 years be« <
oil the canhl of Languedoc in tho South of Fr >nC '
and since in different parts of the continent, c0
ceived the idea of tt canal for .the purpose ofco
veytng cools from liis estate at Wort ley to ■
•caohiro, to Salford hflar Maitchestof, profiting i
tlic works of Hint grVai French Engineer Fw .
itiqu, r; and by the advice nf th it 4 1
Via self taught geiiius /dmre Ilnndlepi Utrh?. |
.lill-wrigtit nnd Engine make!;. Thiswiiw-^
•-ot in ihe direction •••t-any-w -tor-
sini; tV/cmirae of aoret-gl br "“--"i