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EDITED AND PI. BUSH l:D WUtl I, BY ii’//././. t.n /?. fFOR THE SOUTHERN MI'IIIUM ] SaUiKilli Nleulil^t. The sky is clear, and the whisilin;: winds Welcome the birth of winter's reiT’i : While the spitted leaves —!i . glilt ring tears From the eyes of mourners, dim with tears— O'er the woods and the fields are lain. But the leaf must fade From its wonted green, And the hardy stem Will alone be seen ! And thus, too, will perish, The loved ones we cherish, lit their beauty and bloom : The rays of the morning, Their temples adorning, Must lightthein to the tomb ’ Yet that withered leaf, in verdant p:ide Once bid defiance to the blast: And proudly tossed to the phrenzied air, Its velvet mail, now yellow and sear, By the sun of the summer past. And thus shall the young Grow withered and gray, And the beauteous form Return to its clay ! The chord will be broken, The ever-prized token Which hath held it to life The spirit ascending In Heaven s music blending, Or eclipsed in Hell’s strife ! The mighty wind, in its heedless wrath, Hath the pine and the oak o’erthrown, Whose heads have reared to the morning sun, Their spires to mark when its course w as done ; Their beauty and their pride have flown. And thus shall the great, Like the tow’ring oak, In a moment fall ’Neath the victor's stroke. The charms of their treasure, Or soothings of pleasure, The arrow caunot stay ; And a few feet of earth. Is the right of their birth For the body of clay ! Tlio river and brook are frozen o’er, The water ceases in the rill ; While the forest birds, drooping and cold, Their beads ’neath the feathered wings enfold, And sit from morn to evening, still. And the time draws nigh, When our living breath Will bo frozen up In the ice of Death. The gloom of its coldness, Will dampen the boldness, Os the friends of our youth And left in its sorrow, No help can we borrow, Save tlio Spirit of Truth I w. r ii From the Lady's Dollar A'eicspujjer. Pride of Wealth. In this country, where tliere are so few oppor tunities afforded to gratify tire vain pretensions of those who aspire to distinction, either by the attainment of elevated stations, or by the pos session oftitles, it is not strange that mere wealth should assume so many ridiculous airs, putting to the blush our professions of republican equal ity', and at the same time denying that prece dence to virtue and good sense which is gene rally awarded to those qualities even by mon archists aud aristocrats. Nowhere, perhaps, arc the assumptions to which we allude, more appa rent in the etiquette of society and in the rela tions of families, than in this, our goodly city of brotherly love, and sorry are wotrrbfc compelled to make the truthful admission. Wealth, no matter how accumulated, is here the false kqy that unlocks many a false heart, and opens wide many a door that stands forever closed upon near and poor relations and former friends ! Instan ces of the kind to which wo allude could be pro duced without number, but one will be sullicient for our present purpose. The case to which we refer, however, is not only an instance of the superciliousness and pride of wealth, but of the vast difference that exists in point of respectability between those industrious and plodding personages Wholes*i.e and Retail. Notwithstanding the dissimilarity apparent in their names, theselwain are brothers and are both heads of large families. They com menced the world together in what is called a small way, each appearing to pursue his humble but honorable vocation with commendable in dustry and zeal. But from some cause or other, Wholesale happened to be the most prosperous, and in the course of a few years was not only a bie to change his name and enlarge his business, but to assume anew and more elevated position in good society. He removed into a splendid mansion among the “upper ten,” leaving his less fortunate relative in the possession of bis hum ble apartments in the rear of his shop window, in which he still displays, as he has done for years past, the various articles of his trade and commerce with the world. With these changes, however, in the good for tune of the elder brother, came also a change of the heart, and a total obliteration of all its for mer affections. All intercourse between the two families, which for years preceding hud been in timate, pleasant and confidential, was gradually discontinued, until, as at present, they became entirely estranged. There are now no returns of those unceremo nious visits, once so full of cordiality and cheer fulness. No recurrences of those unpretending family parties, in which were harmoniously blended all the fraternal and social affections, and which were wont to shed over the hearts of all connected with the brothers, the genial in fluences of love and happiness. Prosperity— how strange ! —and yet prosperity—believe it as we may —has brought all this gloom and cold ness into the midst of that little circle, once ra diant in smiles, and whose bosoms once glowed with all the warm and generous sentiments ex cited by mutual confidence and esteem. This, gentle reader, we repeat, is one instance out of many that exist in this, our city of brother ly love, of the heartlessness of wealth, and oftlie empty distinctions which elevate to a position iu that which is termed “good society ” But only reflect what a sacrifice lias to be made of all the tender memories of the past. ! —of all those recollections of mutual affection and regard, cherished from the earliest infancy, up, and through all the struggles and vicissitudes of man hood '• All these, and more than it is necessary for us here to call to mind, must first lie stricken from the tablet of the heart, otherwse you can not aspire to move iu the shadow of those who were but yesterday, as it were, shop-keepers and humble retailers of threads and needles, hut whom some lucky or unlucky whirl in the wheel of fortune lias suddenly made wealthy, and con sequently proud, indolent, and rshamed even of the companionship of their nearest relatives, who are still struggling in the very occupations in which they themselves commenced laying the foundations of their wealth ! And this, too, is Republicanism ! The Word “Sei-ah.”—Tbe translators of the Bible have left tlie Hebrew word Melali, which occurs so often in the Psalms,as they found it, and of course the English reader often asks his minister, or some learned friend, what it means. The learned have no!agreed in relation to the definition of this word. The Targums and most of the Jewish commentators, give to the word the meaning eternally, forerer. Rab bi Kimelii regards it as a sign to elevatethe voice. The authors of the Septuagmt translation appear to have regarded it as a niusi.ul note, equivalent perhaps, to the word repeat. According to Lu ther and others, it means sr/rnre. Gesenitis ex plains it to mean, “Let tbe instruments play, and the singers stop.’’ Wocber regards it as equivalent to sursuin conlu —up, niv soul ! Som mer, after examining the seventy-four passages in which the word occurs, recognises in every ease “an actual appeal or summons to Jehovah. They are calls for aid and praiers to be heard, expressed either with entire directness, or jf not in the imperative, ‘lDur Jehovah ! or awake Jehovah ! and the like, still earnest addr. s-« s to God that lie would remember and hear," <ke The word itself he regards as indicating a Idas; of trumpets by the priests. Seluli, itself, he thinks an abridged expression used for lliggamn Selali : Higgaiun indicating the sound of the stringed instruments, and Selali a vigorous blast of trumpets. MACON, G A . SATURDAY MORNING, DEC. “Li, 1848 J. P. Robinson, and J K. llar mon, are authorized to receive subscriptions for the Southern Museum, in any of the South- Western Counties of Georgia. iLFWe publish in another column an inte resting synopsis of the Report of [he Secretary of the Treasury. Its great length prevents the insertion by us oft his very able document. To Advertisers.—The arrangements now making to extend the circulation of our paper in this city aied the surrounding comtry, already warrant the filling up of our advertising co lumns. The success of our enterprise Inis far exceeded our most sanguine expectations, and, in the first two weeks of its existence, our edi tion is as large as we contemplated' publishing in the first volume. This is cheerirg to us,and we need hut the aid of the advertising public, to make our paper of more interest to the mass of the people, and to improve its size.‘and appear ance. No pains shall he spared on our part to render all of our patrons an abundant return for their support. We do not wish tlte public to judge oftlie Misf.i m from lire published issues there are many leading feature! which we have, as yet, been unable to present to our read ers, by which we expect to euhanfle the value of our paper. Nor have vv« been furnished with an exchange list, to make our selections, which together with other circumstances, needless now to mention, have prevented a variety in the news department. In order to make these additions, it is desirable that we he aided by the mercantile class. Still, we do not beg for their patronage ; we are confident that the pub licity given to their advertisements will amply justify the expense, and we think that <>ui mer chants need hut the knowledge of their interests, to act in accordance with them. Merry Christinas ! This is the first occasion, dear reader, that we have had to congratulate you since we have launched our little bark upon the sea of adven ture. The return of this joyful holydty has no doubt been-anxiously expected for some time, and many have laid up in anticipation a store of pleasures which they mean to enjoy. The young people, of course, will not forget to provide the time-honored pocket for the visit of the mysterious and exceedingly benevolent old gentleman—Santa Claus. We cun by no means tell them any more of this much-loved character than they already know—which is, that very early on Christmas morning, it is said, he very noiselessly creeps down the chimney, and ifprovision has been made for him, lie very speedily takes out his little store of presents, and then, after taking a peep at the unqonscious sleeper, be goes back up the chimney, and then dashes off to visit someone else. What a cu rious creature lie must he ! For lie will come to every little boy's, and every little girl’s room, leave every one something, and then it gone, •vithout waiting for thanks—all over the world in one morning, and that before any onegetsup! To the man of years, Christmas day recalls many pleasing recollections and saddening mem ories. It makes him think of bye-gone times, when he was a hoy, and joined with the happy throng of playmates in firing crackers, shooting guns and pistols, &c., and the merry laugh comes ringing iu liisears, prompted at some lit tle witticism, or provoked by the fantastic ca pers of the clown of the day. But then the sad thought comes, that among all these comiian ions of his childhood, whose features are so fresh in his memory, but few", very few, now meet him with their bright smiles, and he al most involuntarily sighs, as he thinks of the lonely graveyard, and the cold earth which lias laid upon their breasts for years—and the admo nition fulls with a deep thrill on his soul, that ere long he must lie there too ' To the Christian, this is the most interesting of all periods of the year. It reminds him that on the morning of that day, a Redeemer was horn, to linger out a life of toil and suffering, and then to die upon the Cross for the salvation ot the world, lie feels deeply grateful for that unbounded love which prompted the Saviour to die for the sins of a corrupt and fallen race. Together with this, the fact that Christ mas Day has been set apart us a day of Thanks giving and Prayer, for the unnumbered bless ings oftlie past twelve months, the child ofGod can hut look upon it with joy and reverence. To all, it will be a peculiar day, and we can hut reiterate, as our welcome, the caption of this article, that it may be a happy, profitable, Merry Christmas ! The Position of the South. It is lamentable that the spirit of discord has crept into our confederacy, and that sectional jealousies, feelings and interests have been cre ated, nursed and harbored, until we see noth ing hut aggression on the one side, and renewed efforts for compromise and harmony on the other. But such is the case, and every day that we live brings to our view some declaration of hostility, and heaps additional insult and un provoked attacks upon us. And why is this? What have we oftlie South done to our North ern brethren to justify these virulent assaults ? Have we been warring against their interests, or undermining their local institutions ? Have we been casting fire-brands among them, to dis turb their domestic peace and concord ? In the name of common justice, let us demand a hear- j ing—a privilege given to the criminal at the hnr j of equity—upon this subject; let us prove \\ belli- ! er we are aggressors or the aggressed. Is it because we huve ail institution, peculiar to tile Southern and so; if the Western Slates, which is opposed to their sense of justice end liberty ? This appears to be the ostensible reasen vvliv we are to be insulted, revilej, spurned and as saulted within our own territories, and upon our own soil. It is proper, then, that we ex ami tie a lew of t he argu in cuts urged bv our North ern brethren against this institution, and the authority which they claim to have for a waii t in attack upon it. It is , they proclaim, in opposition to every principle of divine justice, and to the spirit and tenor oj the Declaration cj Independence of the tinted tStaii s ; theiefare , the people of the Free States are acting in accordance >ci:h philanthropic malices and feelings, if they vse every hone ruble means of discontinuing the evil. In connection with the assertion that slavery at the South is opposed to divine justice, they affect to believe that some terrible consequence will befall not only the Southern States, but al so the people oftlie whole Union, for the blight ing scourge. This is, truly, a discriminating view of Si vine justice, to suppose that the guilty and the innocent vvoulj alike share the fruits of a transgression of moral law ! Then, because tiieSoutii keeps under subjection a race menial ly and physically incapable oftlie enjoyment of liberty, she is thereby to incur the displeasure of God, and that displeasure is to be entertained towards the North—a section entirely free from the avowed evil —to an equal extent with the perpetrators oftlie crime ! This is most cerluin tainly an aspersion against that Being to whom all hearts are open, and all secret motives re vealed, and cannot hear the scrutinizing glance of truth for a moment. If, however, we allow that slavery is an evil, and that the judgment of God will follow ils continuance, upon v\ iiom should those judgments full, if tint udoii the per sons who have supported and advocated ibis system of bondage ? If the North, then be free from slavery’, she will also be free from the curse attending it. What, in litis view of the subject, lias she to fear from slavery as a trans gression ol moral law, and an opponent of divine justice ? 11l the next place, they assert that the Decla ration of Independence condemns our svsteui of domestic servitude. In proof of this, they bring forward the sentence that “«// men are created free and equal,'' and hold it up with a boasting challenge to contradict its apparent meaning. Weil, what does it imply ? Why, that all men receive, at their birth, the legacy of their fathers freedom, equality, anil privileges, as a heredita vy right, or, that the civil and religious liberty of tin; father should lie transferred and handed down to the son, and, except where liberal Gov ernments degenerate, and remain so for ages : or in the case of a country whose Government has never acknowledged the perfect civil equality of its people , no one has a claim, us an innate prin ciple, to more privileges of citizenship than had the preceding generation. Well, then, if the present generation of slaves proceeded from one in bondage, and they hare never had any priri leges guarantied to them by any form of primitive Government— therefore, they have no rights wrested from them by degenerating laws—are not the descendants of Africans in the South en joying ail the privileges and immunities of their immediate ancestors? As well might this senti ment lie quoted to prove the truth of Fourierism, or to lay the foundation of a Joint Stock Compa ny, as in the present instance—for, in the char acter it here assumes, it is most evident that all men arc not created (or born as the phrase has been perverted by the wisdom of the fanatics,) free and equal —nor can they he so without subverting the very pillars of society. Some men inherit large fortunes, and others do not come to the possession of a farthing—are these “created equal ”? Some possess rare talents, and others are idiots—and arc these “equal,” in a latitudinariun sense? Liberty—-if it is to he a bless ng rather than a curse—must he accommodated to the circuit!- s:nncps and capacities ofn people for its enjoy ment. Would von institute a comparison lie -L-'»'Cii the reckless, free, untrammelled life of thesavage, to the refinement and civilized free dom of an American citizen? Both have liber ty—but how different are the means of its en joyment. We have lately seen the quivering sitliludc of a European nation—now trembling on tlie very verge of hopeless anarchy—whose populace have yet to learn, in the difficult and precarious school of experience, liow» to wield their own fortunes and to govern themselves. And this is in a civilized country, where free dom has been partially tasted, and where they had the example of a great and powerful nation to serve as a guide. It the French people were unprepared for the full developement of liberty, and if they are even now in a state ofmde i sion as to their form of Government—the vari egated opinions in relation to which almost pre clude the possibility of determining upon any individual one, permanently—what must be the effect of a sudden transition, from slavery to freedom, of a race entirely ignorant of almost ! everything which such avastchange in theiraf i Fairs would demand ? Any thinking man will | reply, inevitably their ruin. Shall we govern | by the same laws, regulations and institutions of American citizens—which, it may’ be added, even many of these do not understand—a race entirely dissimilar to us; a race which cannot comprehend the proper use of liberty, or the sacrifices and duties which are necessary to its preservation? Will any reasonable man say that this would he benefitting either the white citizen or the negro? The first would he com pelled to associate with, and acknowledge one as his equal, who knew nothing of the rights, privileges, or responsibilities of a freeman—and the other would he called upon to exercise intel lectual and moral capacities which lie did not possess. But there is a query, which deserves to be no ticed here, of vast importance, for it involves the sincerity of the intentions in abolishing this involuntary servitude. If the Northern people are really actuated by the feeling of philanthropy | which they profess, why do they not feel in their j pockets for Southern slaves and Southern slave* J holders; compensate the owners of negroes for ihi-ir property; transport the liberated class to Liberia, or elsewhere; and—for it is but the beginning of this humane mission—establish a Government ; introduce free institutions ; and keep a standing armiMo secure uninterrupted peace? This would certainly he worthy the exalted minds, and the flowery imaginations of those model .Imerican freemen, Garrison, Gid i>inc;s&. Uo. It would truly he a gallant ex ploit, worthy the heroic and sympathetic Abo litionists! What a theme for the vivid fancy of some aspiring agitator—to engage in such a tcor thj cause, with such worthy motives, and then, after cohabiting with a refined and accomplished Etheopian, arrive at the immortal honor of be ing Secretary of State to a negro President! But who is it that cannot see, through this flimsy, tottering, incompetent plea of philan thropy, a desire to reduce the political influence ol the South ; to render Her the supplicant of the North, bowing and cringing to her august command, and receiving with thankfulness an occasional crumb of political comfort } It is sectional jealousy which has blinded the influ ential men of the North, and they have held out to their followers at home, and to I'ie citizens oftlie Southern country, that they are guided by a generous wish to relieve the miseries of suffering humanity. This unprincipled hypoc risy is only rivalled hv the iinputence and da ring perseverence with which tiny advocate it. We see—not withstanding the tender emotions and wholesale philanthropy of Northern fanat icism—tin account of mass meetings for the pur pose of preventing the poor froii starving in their streets —yet such things frequently happen. We hear of no petitions being sent to Congress for the abolition of street-begging and public pau perism, orfor the benefit oftlie widows and or phans oftlie penny less. Yet they persist in tna l.mg a vehicle of philanthropy, and use their earnest endeavors to lice a class of people, w liieh, if they had any just disciimination or discretion about them, would not exchange situations with these mad philanthropists. Surely, they have forgotten that “charity begins at home”—and when they are able to say, We have no starving poor; no beggars; no needy countrymen —then they should come and give us advice concerning our slaves, but not till then ! But what now is the use of argument with a class of men who have become ferocious in their aggressions, and threaten to assassinate our President elect, if ho refuses to sanction one of their favorite measures? Can we expeet reason or justice from them? We fear not. It may he argued that we are looking upon the dark side of the picture—that the Northern Free Soil Party does not seek to abolish slavery in the States; they only wish it excluded from the conquered Territories. We answer—if a familiar, but common comparison be allowed— that the spider did not avow its secret intention to the foolish fly, when lie invited her into his beautiful parlor, but after the latter became en tangled in the well, resistance was vain, and she fell a victim to her own credulity. So also the Abolitionists—now the Free Soilers, for the sake of plausibility and expediency—profess no desire to meddle with slavery in its present state of existence in the States—oh no! But, if we listen to their empty and unmeaning assertions* and permit them to pass the Wilmot (or any other kindred) Proviso, they will demand, by the authority of a majority in Congress, t lie abo lition of slavery even in the States. They are aware, as is every well-informed Southern man, that the soil, climate, productions, etc., of a large portion of California, and N. Mexico, pre clude the feasibility of Southern slave labor, and that it is not probable slaveholders will ever carry any considerable amount of that pro perty there. All that they desire is, that we acknowledge the right of Congress to legislate upon the Slavery question, in what form they care not, and if we do that, they will tell us that the right of Congress is no plainer in pre venting the extension of slavery, than in abolish, ing it; and as we have confessed the one, wo must submit to the other—thus literally con demning us by our own act. We have indulged iu these rather lengthy re marks, from a solemn conviction that the sub ject of them is daily growing more important.— Wo have no political enmity to vent—no ambi tious expectations to advance—no party feeling, or partizan views to prompt us in the discharge of abuse of villifying epithets. But we feel that the storm is coming, and that it will require the utmost energies of both political parties, united as one man, to breast it. Why should we be divided among ourselves, quarreling about tri fles, and trying to persuade ourselves that the people of the North do not intend to injure us? They may say so, and we tnay endeavor to believe it, —but do not deeds speak loud er than bare assertions? Surely it is time that wo should adopt some method of resistance —secure union among ourselves—when the North is bearing down upon us an undivided front of opposition. Disunion is a dreadful rem* cdy, but it is far preferable to depopulation and a quiet surrender of our rights and interests.— But we do not fear dissolution—if the South be true to herself, and boldly contend for her in terests, a compromise, satisfactory to both sec tions, will follow. Congress The Slavery question was introduced into the Senate, on the 13th inst., by Mr. Benton, of Missouri, who presented a memorial from New Mexico, askingfor the establishment of a civil government, the exclusion of slavery, and pro testing against annexing any paa of their terri tmy to Texas. He recommended its reference to :he Committee on Territories, but Mr. Cal houn denounced it as being insolent and iusilting to the South, and hoped it would be claised with similar petitions by laying the mo- tioi for its reception upon the table. This occasioned a spirited debate, in which Messrs. Benton, Calhoun, Westcott, Ber kun, Foote, Clayton and llale took part. Mr. Westcott said the petition was signed but by fifteen persons, and as there was no evi dence of these being delegates appointed by the people, he denied that the memorial could he considered as the voice of the people of New -Mexico. Mr. Hale moved to amend the motion of the Missouri Senator, so as to instruct the eoinmit t(jc to report a bill in accordance with tile pray ef of the petitioners. -Mr. Calhoun said he should vote against .Mr. Benton’s motion, to receive the petition. The vote was then taken, and the memorial received—yeas 33, nays 14—as follows : ( 1 f.as —Messrs. Allen, Atchison, Atherton, Badger, Baldwin, Benton, Bradbury, Breese, Butler, Cameron, Clarke, Clayton, Corwin, Dayton, Dickinson, Dix, Dodge, Douglass, 1 eldi, I- ilzgetahl, Hale, Hamlin, Johnson, of 'ld , Johnson, of La., Metcalfe, Miller, Niles, Pearce, Spruasce, Sturgeon, Underwood, Uo- Inini, Walker—33. 1 Nays—Messrs. Berrien, Borland, Calhoun, Davis, of Miss., Downs, Fitzpatrick, Foote, Houston, Hunter, King, Rusk, Turney, West eolt, Yulee—l4. In the House, on thesatne day, Mr. Palfrey asked leave to introduced a hill to abolish slave ry in the District of Columbia. Objection being made, the vote was taken, and leave refused— yeas fill, nays 82. Mr, Root offered a resolution instructing the Committee on Territories to report bills estab lishiwg Territorial Governments for New Mexi co and California, excluding slavery" therefrom. A motion to lay this resolution on the table was lost—yeas 80, nays 107. The resolution was adopted—yeas 108, nays 80. In the House, on the !4th, tiie death of Mr. feivis, of 8. Carolina, a member of the House, was announced, whereupon that body adjourned. In the Senate, on the 14th, Mr. Benton, from the Military Committee, reported a hill authori zing a contract with Messrs. Aspinwali. and others, tor a transportation of Government sup plies over the isthmus of Panama, on condition that they construct a railroad across it. The bill was made the special order for Monday, the 18th. “What shall we do with Johnny?”—Our readers have seen Sam Slick’s advice to “old Diivvle about his hopelul son, who bid fair to make a “considerable of a smart man ” We think it very good counsel. What a change it would make, if everybody should in tho same way as the Y’ankee clockmaker! The least evidence of youthful precocity, is ta ken as a proof of transcendunt genius, and im mediately the little urchin is marked out for a great man, and his professional career is foitli with settled upon, before he can possibly have any voice in the matter. This is the reason why ve have so many briefless attorneys, and physicians without patients. Os course these callings arc to have occupants, hut they should be allowed to choose, who intend to follow them. Iniecision.— Nothing is so injurious to a niau’i success in the world, as indecision—and most especially indecision of character. A va ciilatng, wavering person, never accomplished an oiject worth mentioning. If a man deter mines to be a doctor, and to study two years for preparation : and if he changes his mind at the end of twelve months, and devotes the remain der el’the lime to the law, the consequence is, the two years expire, and lie is neither a physi cian nor a lawyer. One should calmly and caref'u.ly select some pursuit in life, and then resolvi, in the very teeth of opposition, to at tain tin object; why, if he remains true to his promise, there is no such thing as a failure. It is a gre.it deal better for a man to play the jevvs harp, for n penny-a-day, than to be a “jack of all trades, hut a master of none.” Yet an un decided Ilian will try all professions and trades, to see which lie likes best. A business of" any kind will never suit anybody—he should suit the business. That is impossible, without inflexi ble resolution. sln. Clav. —The Cincinnati Chronicle of the Bth inst. states that Mr. Clay has entirely re covered from his late attack and is every day gaining his strength, being able to ride out in bis carriage in good weather. He intends to spend the winter in the milder climate at the South, and expects to start for New Orleans in a fortnight. ITT In Great Britain there are but 016,000 families employed in agriculture. In the Uni ted States there are over 3,000,000. In the' for mer there are about 2,000,000 employed in the manufactories ; in the latter about 701,000. The freedom and prosperity enjoyed here are far su perior to those in Great Britain, whose whole policy, external and internal, is regulated by Iter manufactures. Patent Wagon. —A Mr. Start, of Smyrna, has made an improvement in manufacturing wagonsfwhich will certainly be a great advan" tage to the farmer, inasmuch as it will effect a great saving of labor. The bed of the wagon is placed on small rollers, fixed in the frame work on which they rest, and in front is a fixture for a lever, by which a lad can run the wagon bed back, aud shoot the contents on the ground. Election or Senators. —Messrs. Sebastian and Borland, have been elected U. S. Senators from Arkansas Mr. Whitcomb lias also been elected from Indiana- Geological Action of the Tides. At the late Scientific Convention at Philadelphia communication on this subject from Lieutenant Davis, U. S N., was presented by Profess,,, Pierce. By a study of tidal currents on North-Eastern coast of the United States, Lieut Davis has been led to the discovery of a connec tion between the ocean tides and the current", and the alluvial deposits on its borders and its depths. In order to illustrate Mr. Davis’s view* more fully, Professor Pierce entered into son,,, of the details upon which they have been form, ed. For this purpose he exhibited a number „f charts, the first of which represented the dep (j . site around the Island of Nantucket. The tidal current becomes freighted with sand, and as it strikes the island is deposited. Yet the current which is acting there all the time is not only d e . positing, but is also taking it away—so that, all the time flowing in every direction, and uni’vcr sally distributed, not very much is distributed i„ anyone place. The depositesare nearly equal, ly made at various points. The extremity pf the Island has been suppo* ed to be formed of deposits coining from the Isl and itself, (that is, by the shifting influence of the changing current,)- hut this is shown not to he the case ; that portion of the Island being solely formed by the tidal currents. As an in stance of the force of these currents, Professor Pierce cited the following : —A short time ago a ship was wrecked at one end of the Island,and the keeper oftlie lighthouse at the other end ac tually gupplied himself with fuel from the coal which was originally deposited at its farthest extremity, by the mere force of these currents. Bricks have in the same manner been carried and at Siaconset, there is now standing a chim ney actually built, oftlie bricks which were car ried all round the Island in the smie way. Mr. Dickson related a remarkable incident where, at the Island ofGalreston, in 1833, a ves sel from New Orleans was wrecked (at the South end) with a considerable amount of specie. The officers of the Custom House took immediate measures to recover the valuable cargo, and in a very little time the workmen reported the vessel nearly covered with sand. A few weeks after, at tlje other end oftlie Island—some twenty eight miles or thereabouts—some fishermen brought up some of the doubloons. They were arrested and imprisoned on a charge of robbing the wreck, -their protestations of having found the gold at so great a distance not being credited for a moment, until scientific research convinced the authorities that the metal was really carried to that distance, of course by the force of the eur. rent. An instance oftlie way heavy bodies are transported. Dr. Gould observed that he was never able to find sea-weed on the bench when the wind was toward the shore, but always when blowing off the land deposits were made upon the beach. This he had heard accounted for as the effect of an undertow, which acts alwa s iu a reverse di rection to the action oftlie wind. A New Kind of Wheat. —A new variety of lliO A rrmnf L’ •» IV’isvnt Im* recently **"•*•* *!•*•"«■***• cred iu Russia. It is called the Kolos, or large eared Wheat, on account of the peculiar beauty of its ears. At present it is limited to mere seed wheat, and is worth twice as much as the ordinary kind. One other and important pecu liarity of this grain is. that it is less affected by drought than any other kind : and is more pro ductive and ripens earlier. This important dis covery was made by a peasant, who, being a close observer of nature, detected in his crops certain ears which were larger and became ripe more speedily than the rest of the crop. These he collected and sowed separately, and the result was an abundant harvest, and the introduction of anew and valuable variety of wheat. The event had created a great sensation amongst the agriculturists and grain dealers at St. Petersburg, Although it is, perhaps, a kind which would re sist excess of moisture, it might be quite benefi cial on high lands us being capable of withstand ing the effects of drought. The event is inte restingspeculatively ; and a« such, we would direct the attention of our agricultural readers to the subject, as this wheat, when imported, must he important to farmeYsin many sections of our country. Something New on Foot.—The N< w Y r ork Tribune says : “We’ll tell the ladies a pretty secret, and they will promise faithfully to say nothing about it—except to their particular fiiends. Anew style of dress and evening slip per is coming into vogue this winter, which will decrease the apparent dimensions, while it will greatly add to the invisible fascination of all the pretty leet in the metropolis. The new slipper is made of black or bronze satin, with three or four bands of India rubber running round the top and the instep ornamented with a good sized ro sette, of the same color as the slipper. Isn’t it charming and quite refreshing, after the dull monotony of square toes and plain gaiters ? The new style is of course from Paris, that love of a city, where they get up ribbons and slippers and insurrections, a merveille , and at the shortest notice.” 'JJW. B. Seabrook, Esq. has been elected Governor, and W. H. Gist, Lieutenant Govern or of the State of South Carolina ; and the Hon. A. P. Butler re-elected U. S. Senator from that State, for six years from the 4th of March next. O’John B. Floyd, Democrat, lias been elect ed Governor of Virginia. Distressing. —A New York paper states that there are thirty thousand persons, men and women, in that city at the present time, who ei ther cannot get any work to do or are compell ed to do work at prices bordering on starvation. Deafness.—M Bonnaeoijt of Paris, a Mili tary Surgeon, gave an account before the British Academy of Sciences, at a recent sqgsion, of a method used by him in cases of deafness, to dis cover whether the nerve of sound has lost all its susceptibility. He has ascertained that the skull is a good conductor of vibration, and that if it be struck by vibrating objects, the nerve of the car is acted upon whenever its susceptibility has not been entirely destroyed.