Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

s vst'jmjuxi't EDITED IJD PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BY WM. B . HARRISON. CITY P R I .VI E R . Tbc Rose and the Heart. A lovely rose was drooping, All scentless, dry and dead ! Upon the ground, low stooping. It bowed its blushing head ; Its leaves all dry and faded. Hung listless by its side ; No more with incense laded— Its fountains all were dried But misty vapors blending, Bring forth a genial shower ; The gentle rain descending. Revives the drooping flower. Now from the ground upspringing, It blooms all bright and fair, And all around 'tis flinging Rich fragrance on the air. Thus human hearts—low bowing Beneath affliction's rod— Their cup of woe o’erflowing— They sink beneath the load ! In secret sorrow pining— No soothing spirits nigh— All earthly hope resigning, They sadly droop and die. But if kind words be given, ’Twill act with magic power; Like pearly drops of dew, Upon the withered flower: ’Twill sooth their deepest sorrow, Alleviate their woes, And joyous smiles will follow, Like incense from the rose I From the London Globe, Feb. 9. An interesting Account of how the Gold was Discovered in California. "Four months among the Gol l Finders in Alta-California ; being the Diary of an Expedition from San Francisco to the Gold District.” By J. Tyrvvliitt Brooks, M. D. Bogue. We extract the account they received from Capt. Sutter, the owner of the mill, of the incidents of the discov eiy : “ I was sitting one afternoon,” said the captain, “just after my siesta, engaged, by the by, in writing a letter to a relation of mine at Lucerne, when I was interrup ed by Mr. Marshall—a gentleman with whom I had frequent business transac tions—bursting hurriedly into the room. From the unusual agitation in his manner, 1 imagined that something serious had occurred, and, as we involuntarily do in this part nf the world, I at once glanced to see if my rfle was in its proper place. You should know that the mere appear ance of Mr. Marshall at that moment in the fort was quite enough to surprise me, as he had but two days before left the place to make s >me altera ions in a mill for saw ing pine plank, which he had just run up for me some miles higher up the Ameri canos. When he had recovered himself a little, he told me that however great my surprise might be at his unexpected ap fearance, it would be much greater when heard ihe intel igence he had come lo bring me. ‘lntelligence,” he added,“which if properly prufi ed by, would put both oi us in possession of unheard of wealth millions and millions of dollars, in fact.” I frankly own, when I thought something had touched Marshall’s brain, when, sud denly, all my misgivings were put to an end by his Hinging on the table a handful ts scales of pure virgin gold. I was fairly thunderstruck, and asked him to explain what all this meant, when he went on to say that, e.ccordidg to my instructions, he had thrown the mill-wheel out of gear, to let the whole body of wa ter in the dam find a passage through the tail-race, which was previously too narrow to allow the water to run of}'in sufficient quantity, whereby the wheel was prevented from sufficienently performing its work. By this alteration the narrow channel was considerably enlarged, and a mass of sand and gravel carried off by the force of the torrent. Early in the morning after this took place, he (Mr. Marshall) was walking along the left bank of die stream, when he perceived something which he at first took for a piece of opal—a clear, transparent stone, very common here, glittering on one of the spots laid bare by the sudden crum bling away of the bank. He paid no at tention to this, but while he w r as giving directions to the workmen, having obser ved several similar glitering fragments, his curiosity was so far excited that he stooped down and picked one of them up. “Do you know,” said Mr. Marshall, “ 1 positively debated with myself two or three times whether I should take the trouble to bend my back to pick up one of the pieces, and had decided on not doing so, when, fnrtheron, another glitering morsel caught my eye—the largest of the pieces now before you. T condescended to pick it up, and to my astonishment found that it was a tliiu scale of what appears to be pure gold. He then gathered some twenty or thirty small pieces, which, on examination, convinced him that his suppositions were right. His first impression was that this gold had been lost or buried there by some early Indian tribe—perhaps some of those mysterious inhabitants of the West of whom we have no account, but who dwelt on this continent centuries ago, and bui’t those cities and temples, the ruins of which are scattered about these solitary wilds. On proceeding, however, to examine the neighboring soil, he dicovered that it was more or less auriferous. This at once de cided him. He mounted his horse, and rode down to me as fast as it would carry him with the news. The captain and his friend slarted the next morning to make a further survey, and spent a day in poking about among the sand both on the banks of the river and in the dry beds of one or two tiibutry streams, finding bits of gold on all sides; but though extremely careful to keep out of sight of the work people at the mill, they found them all gold-hunting on their re turn. •• One of them, a sly Kentuckian, had dogged us about, and looking on the ground to see if he could discover what we were in search of; he had lighted on some fleaks of gold himself.” The next day the captain had fifty Indians at work ; but the news spread like wild-fire, some of the gold sent to San Francisco brought up crowds of people. Management of House Plants.—ln quiries are frequently made as to the suc cessful management of green house plants which are kept in the rooms of dwellings. A chief error in their rvinter treatment consists in making no distinettion between their condition while rapidly growing and in a dormant state. When vegetation is in full progress, warmth and a large supply of water, is indispensable. But during the period of rest, plants should be kept cool and rather dry. A temperature of 20 de grees is much better than the ordinary liv ing rooms. While in this stationary con dition very little moisture is given off through the leaves ; while growing it is thrown off rapidly. Hence water is to be applied very sparingly, and at remote intervals, in winter; as very little escapes by direct evaporation from the soil. So lons as a moderate degree of moistnre is found beneath the surface of the soli in the pots, watering should be omitted. Thorough drainage is also of importance and is well effected by filling one-sis h of the pot at the bottom with fragments of charcoal. Washing the foliage from dust, should be attended to, and may be con veniently done by syringing with tepid wa ter, turning the pot at the moment on its side, that the soil contained in it may not be too much soaked. In the absence of a syringe, a small watering-pot with fine perforations, held at a little height, will answer a good purpose. The chief re quisites, for good management, may be summed up as follows : 1. Spare watering; 2. Low temperature ; 3. Plenty of light ; 4. Drainage; 5. Washing foliane. A Wise Dei ision by an Idiot.—Ful ler, in his. “ Holy State,” tells the follow ing pleasent story : A poor man in Paris, being very hun gry, went into a cook’s shop, and staid there so long (for the master was dishing up meat,) that his appetite being lessened by the steam, he proposed to go without his meal ; but the cook insisted upon pay ment for the same. At length, the alter ation was agreed to be referred to the first person that passed the door; that person •happened to be a notorious idiot. Having heard the complaint, he decreed that the poor man’s money should be placed be tween two empty dishes, and that the cook should be recompensed with ihe jingling of the cash, as the other was with the fumes of the meat; and this little anecdote is lit erally a matter of fact. Female Society. —The eccentric John Randolph, iri conversation wilh a friend upon this subject, used the following lan guage ; “ You know my opinion of female soci ety. —Without it, we should degenerate into brutes.—This observation applies w ith tenfold force to young men and those who are iti the prime of manhood. For after a certain time of life, the literary man may make a shift (a poor one I gran ) to do without the society of ladies. To a spirit of devotion (next to his Creator) to some am irable woman, whose image may occupy his heart, and guard it from pol lution, which besets it on all sides. A man ought to choose bis wife as Mrs. Primrosi did her wedding gown for “qual ities that wear well.” One thing at least is true, that if matrimony has its cares, celebacy has no pleasute. A Newton, or a mere scholar may find employment in study; a man of literary taste can receive in books a powerful auxiliary ; but a man must have a bosom friend, and children around him, to cherish and support the dreariness of old age.” Excellent Rules. —Always take the part of an absent person who is censured in company, so far as truth and proprietv will allow. Never dispute if you can fairly avoid it. Not dispute with an old man more than seventy years of age nor with a woman, nor with an enthusiast. Not affect to be witty, or to jest; so as to wound the feelings of another. Say as little as possible of myself and those who are near me. Aim at cheerfulness without levity. Never court the favor of the rich, bv flattering their vanity and their vices. Respect virtue though clothed in rugs. Speak with calmness and consideration on all occasions ; especially in circumstan ces which tend to irritate. Frequently review my conduct andnote my failings. On all occasion to have in prospect the end of life, and afuture state. N t flatter myself that I can keep up to these rules however honestly 1 may aim a it. The Hon. Robert J. Walker, late Sec retary of the Treasury, has arrived in this city, on his way to Wasington City, which he designs to make his permanent resi dence. Weunderstand that lie leaves here in the steamevColumhus, for Philadelphia, taking that route in consequence of being in bad health, which prevents him from undergoing the fatigues of the land route. Charleston Courir, 22 nd Inst. From the Charleston Mercnry. The Atlantic and Pacific Railroad. We w ith pleasure give place to the fol lowing circular, to which we invite the at tention of our citizens. That a Kailroad connecting the Atlantic States with our territories on the Pacific will speedily be constructed, there can be but little doubt when the necessities of the case and the character of orr people are taken into con sideration. Whether it shall take the Northern route —by Jefferson City, St. Louis and Pittsburg, or the Southern —by Little Hock and Memphis, to ihe Southern Atlautic cities, depends very much upon the exertions made by the respective sec tions. We have at present the advantage, not only in the greater practicability of the Southern route, but also from the fact that so much of the chain of Kailroads which isio connect Memphis with Charles ton and Savannah is already finished that the remaning links will be readily com pleted when the public attention is prop erly directed towards it. We must not forego these advantages by our indolence or indifference, and we think the proposed convention at Memphis will have a pow er ful effect in concentrating and giving the proper direction to public opinion. Memphis, ( Tenn.) March 1, 1849. Sir : 'i he attention of the people of the Union has recently been directed to the consideration of the expediency of con structing a Kailroad fiom the valley of the Mississippi to California, for the double object of rendering still more valuable our vast possessions on the Pacific, and placing within our grasp the commerce with Asia ; —a dazzling prize with mari time nations for more than twenty centu ties. St. I-ouis, in Missouri, and other points still further North, have been designated as most suitable for the commencement of the proposed work. The citizens of Ar kansas, at a recent public meeting, at their Capitol, in which the leading men of the State participated, considering the ration al character of the woik, with entire unanimity suggested the point opposite Memphis as being most nearly cential to the whole Union ; below most of the great tributaiies of the Mississippi; below the frost bound regions of the North, and ill a direct line of connection with another grand scheme of improvement—the At lantic and Mississippi Railroad ; and, with the view of eliciting an expression of pub lic sentiment on the subject, they have re commended that a Covention be held at Memphis, on the fourth day of July next Our citizens, in public meeting, have promptly and cordially seconded the move ment made in Arkansas; and, in pur suance of the objects of that meeting, the undersigned have been appointed a Com mute of Correspondence. In the discharge of our duty, we invoke your aid and influence in directing public sentiment towards the great design ; and invite you to be present at the proposed Convention. We are respectfully, J. T. Trezevant, A. B. Warford, David Looney. R. Topp, M. B. Winchester, H.Van Pelt, 11. C. Brinkley, S. Wheatley, John Pope, * R. J. Yancy, R. B. J. Twyman, Janies Penn. Civil Government in California.— A file of the Star and Californian publish ed at San 1* rancisco, to December, 23, furnishes evidence of the actual existence of a civil government, for the preservation of society and the punishment of crimes recognized by every society : “ Du the 16th of December a trial took place iu the village of San Jose before Judge Kimball H Dimmick, alcalde of the distiict, and a jury empaneled for the case,of thiec men, named Davis, Camp bell, and I'reer, for murder. The jury pronounced a verdict of guilty, and they were sentenced to be hanged. The sen tence was carried into execution on the IStli, in presence of a large concourse of citizens. Ihe convicts confessed their guilt, and embraced the Catholic faith i litee other men were subsequently tried for participation in the same crime, viz : Lotion, \\ oolard, and Lee, and the two matter on the additional charge of perjury. 1 hey also were found guilty, and were sentenced for the first offence to receive, Cotton fifteen and the two others eighteen lashes, and the latter on the additional charge, forty lashes each, and one month's confinement in the stocks. C. E. Picket, tiied at Fort Sacramento, on a charge of the murder of Mr. Alderman, \va3 acquit ted.” Jhe provisional government meetings which had been held, as heretofore noticed, were first at San Jose, next at Puebla, and then San Francisco. The result was as follows: A concurrent recommendation to the inhabitants of California to hold meetings and elect delegates to represent them in a convention to he held at San Jose on the 4th of March, 1849, for the purpose of i drafting and preparing a form of provis ional government, to he submitted to the people for ratification or rejection by a vote by ballot. Die inhabitants of San Francisco were to hold a meeting on the Bth of January, to make choice of five delegates. At their previous meeting resolutions were also adopted expressing the opinion 'hat the du'ies which have been collected at the ports of Upper California, since the 15th of August last, rightly belong to the people of the Territory. The Supreme Court of the United States terminated its annual session at Washing, ton city, on Tuesday week last. It decided on 50 cases, during its session, and left upon. The Court does not sit again till the first Monday in Dec’r. next. LATE FROM MEXICO. Our latest dates from the city of Mexi co reach to the 24th ull. San a Anna. — The Mexican Congress has passed the following lesolutions re specting the distinguished expatriated gen eral : 1. Gen. D. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna shall inform the Supreme Govern ment, when he may judge in convenient, of the time when he intends to return to ihe Republic, aud the point at which he will debark. 2. The Government shall impart to Congress whatever information may be re ceived, in order that proper measures may be taken for the preservation of order and iranquility. 3. Should Gen. Santa Anna return to the Republic, it is necessary that he should previously express hisdetermination to do so, and be furnished with a copy of tltese resolutions. 4. The Government shall take especial care to bring this decree tothe knowledge of Gen. Santa Anna. Cal font a. —On the 20th and 24th of January, ninety-five pers ns, and among them some women, left Mazatlan so. Cali fornia. Chiapas. —The war of castes has re commenced with great violence at Chia pas. Tamaulipas. —On the 9th ult., Gen. Ro mulo de la Vega assumed at Tampico the mi itary command of the State of Tamau lipas. 1 era Cruz. —TheGovernorof the State has recommended to the Legislature the establishment of a philanthropic institu tion for artisans. A project has also been brought forward to establish a college in Jalapa. American Volunteers. —El Monitor com plains ot the outrageous conduct of (lie Araeri -an volunteers, who remain in the city. It is said they commit robbery, and many excesses of the worst character. The Route to California. —We extract the following from El Monitor. Itmaybe ot interest to ilie Califoriba-seekers. 1 he proprietor of the stage or coach lines in the Mexican Republic, in conse quence of the emigration to the Califor nias and for the knowledge of those per sons to whom the following may interest, makes known : That he has a stage or di igence line running from the port of Vera Cruz to the city of Guadalajar, ( capital of the State of Jalisco,) situated at about 200 miles from San Bias and 350 from Mazat lan, both harbors in the Pacific Ocean, at which the U. S. steamers of the regular line will touch, and where vessels of all nations use to put into. The distance between Vera Cruz and Guadalajara is about 800 miles, and the trip takes 11 days. The total amount of cost is $139 50. In this last place it is easy to find horses, See., to be hired to continue to San Bias, and at more reasonable prices than in Ve ra Cruz, resulting that those persons tak ing the stage can make the journey from Vera Cruz to San Bias in 16 or 17 days, for little more or less than $l6O. FROM TEXAS. Gen. Worth’s March for the Gila. We learn from the Galveston Civilian, that the distinguished Col J. C. Hays arrived at that place < it the 4th iris ~ from San An tonio. Col. Hays informs the Civilian that the troops under Gen. Worth, one Regiment and tlnee Companies, will not leave Sun Antonio until the middle of April, and that they will finally take up the line of march from Fredericksburg to El Passo and the liver Gila, on the route to California, on the Ist of May. The Mexicans and Indians are already bring ing in large numbers of horses and mules. Gen. Worth will afford every protection and proper aid to emigrants; and an nounces that he will take pleasure in re ceiving all who may offer, only asking that they will provide themselve- with proper supp ies for the route. The army and those who accompany it, will, it is estima ted, be forty or fifty days on the road o El Passo, as the design is to move leisur ly, iti order to avoid fatigue to the men and animals. At El Passo they halt sev eral days to recruit their strength and pro visions. Flour, beef, horses, and mutes are abundant and cheap at that point; and it is thought that there will be no difficul ty in obtaining all that may be desired. Ihere are also other points between that place and California where provisions may bo obtained. Col. Hays g es as guide tithe army as fur as the Gila, but does not ex, ect, at present, to go on to Califor nia. He says there is no difficulty about the road, and that wagons can be taken with ease. Os course the army carries a latge number. A meeting was held at Houston, a few days since, on the subject of California emigration, and the routes to the gold re gion, etc. Resolutions were passed in favor of the establishment of a national thoroughfare from the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific. Fifty-two California emigrants arrived at Galveston on the Ist, by the ship Tra vis, from New York. We are sorry to learn that the Cholera has assumed a virulent form at Browns ville— the number of dea'hs being eight or ten per dav, out of a population of about seven hundred. l)r. Stephen Smith and Mr. P. Y iolett, of Galveston, are reported as among the victims. Col. Louis P. Cooke and wife are also dead- A public meeting was held at Huntsville a few days since, to make an expression of opinion relative to the agitation in Con gress on the subject of slavery, and in res ponse to the address issued by the South ern members of Congress on that subject. Extraordinary Surgical Operation. —We have been kindly furnished with ihe following paiticulars of a surgical op eration perf lined on Monday las;, by Dr. D W. Hammond of Culloden, upon a young man by the name of Jam s Morris, residing.in Butts county. This young man, now about twenty-two years of age, had been afflicted with gravel in the blad der, from his birth, and has suffered unmit igated pain, which has continued to in crease in intensity,until his case becoming very critical, Dr. Hammond was called in, who, after consulting with several respec table physicans, de ermined on Lithotomy. The operation lasted forty-five minutes, in consequence of the large size of the stwne. It adhered to the bladder,and was o' such a size as to render it necssary to crush and break it before it could be extracted. After being thus crushed, the largest piece weighed near two ounces. The broken fragments after being carefully collected, washed clean,and thoroughly dried,weigh ed a little over four ounces, making in all, the exiraordinary and incredible weight of six ounces. A considerable number of par icles were lost on the floor and in the yard, where they were washed, and had the whole been carefully preserved, they would d.-übtless have weighed six and a quarter or six and a ball’ ounces. We wete shown the stone, and fragments, and have never seen any thing of the kind to compare with it. The young man, we understand, is doing as well as could be expec ed under the circumstances, and strong hopes are entertained of his entire restoration to health. —Forsyth Bee. Notice to tile Public and Instruction* to Post Masters, Relative to the Rating of Letters, the Return of Dead Letters, Transient Acwsyujjcrs, and the the Rost marking of Letters conveyed by the Lettish and Lotted states /ntcrnatiunul Jdaiis Hereafter, when a letter exceeds an ounce in "eight, bul does not exceed two ounces, it will he rated with lour charges of single postage; when it exeeeds Iwo ounces, but does not exceeu three, it will he rated with six charges of single postage ; and so on, there being a single postage lor the first halt ounce, a double charge tor the first ounce, and charges for each succeeding ounce, or fraction of an ounce, be yond ihe first ounce. Tins is ordered in virtue ot ihe pr.. visions ot an act of Congress, approved March 3, 1849. And, in pursuance of the same act, it is re quired that letters which are refused at the office ot delivery, by the parlies addressed, and tellers which, tor any oilier cause, cannot he delivered lo said parties, shall be immediately returned to the Dead Letter Office in Washington, under ad dress to ihe Third Assistant I’ost Master Gen eral, without waiting the time for advertising, as heretofore required in relation to this class ol dead letters. They must in every ease be mark ed In red ink on the face, with an entry showing they are refused, or the cause that prevents then delivery; alsos.ampedvvt.il the stain of ottice, and, with a view to the proper adjustment ot the accounts, be placed under post-bill to the Dead Letter Ottice. 4 rascieni newspapers (that is, papers not sent from theoii.ee of publication) wtil hereafter be subject, in virtue of the act aforesaid, to tlie general newspaper postage rate only ; that is, one cent lor any distance in the same State, and one-and-a-halt cent for any distance exceeding one hundred miles, where the newspaper is sent from one Slate into another, but postage on such newspapers is in all cases to be prepaid, as heretofore. in respect to British mails, where the official postage entries on the letters received are in red ink, the letter is to be considered as paid, and is lo he delivered accordingly ; where in black ink, as unpaid, and the postage is to he col fee ted i'oslage 111 such cases is either wholly paid or wholly unpaid. The postage figures on such letters show, on the paid letters, the amount lo he ciedi.ed tothe United stales; on the unpaid letters, the amount charged to ihe United Slates. 1 lie postage to be rollected from unpaid British let eis is in ull eases to be, whatever maybe their credit or debt figures, twenty four cents when single, with an additional twenty-four cents lor each additional rate, and, af er the first ounce, each It; ter exceeding that weight is lo he charged forty-eight cents for each additional ounce or fraction of an ounce. J- UOLLAMER, Posttnns er Geneial. Post Office Department, March 15, 1849. Siiakspf.are and Bacon. —There is as great a difference between Sbakspenre and Bacon, as between an American forest and a London lim ber yard. In the timber yarn, the materials are sawed, and squared, and set across , in the for est, we have the natural form of the tree, all its leaves, all its branches; all the mosses that grow about it, all the birds and insects that in habit it; now deep shadows absorbing the whole wilderness; now bright, bursting glades, with exuberant grass and flowers and fruitage; now untroubled skies ; now terrific thunder storms ; every where mutiformity, every where immen sity. Envy. — When a statue had been erected to Theogenies, a celebrated victor in one nf the public games of Greece, by his fellow citizens 3 Itasos, we are lold that it excited so strongly the envious hatred of one of his rivals, that lie went to it every night, and endeavored lo throw it down by repeated blows, till at last, unfor tunately successful, he was crushed to death be neath its lull. This, if we consider the self consuming misery of envy, is truly wha hap pens to every envious man. He may, perhaps, throw down his rival’s glory, but he is crushed in his soul beneath the glory which he overturns Always Have Some Work in Hand. —ln" dustry is the parent of wealth; and it is n bad sign when people have nothing to do.—ln such cases it is best to find employment at once in seeking it. But in the multiplicity of things to be done in this world, it is rarely possible to be placed, except by clteice, in a do-nothing posi tion It is the influence of vice and bad babits which so often creates a distaste for our real du ties, and in fact unfits us for their performance. Stick, therefore, to the maxim, ‘ Always have some work in hand.’ A Lesson to Students. —What you know, know thoroughly. There are few instances, in modern times, of a rise equal to that of Sir Ed ward Sugden. After one of the* Weymouth elections, I was shut up in a carriage with hint, for twenty-four hours. I ventured to ask him what was the secret of his success. Ilis answer was, “ I resolved, when beginning to read law, to make every thing I acquired perfectly mv own, and never to go to a second thing till I had entirely accomplished the first Many of my competitors read as mu<-h in a day as I read in a week ; but at the end of twelve months, my knowledge was as fresh as on the day it was ac quired, while theirs had glided away from their recollection.” MACON, G A . SATURDAY MDItNING, MARCH 24, Fat al AcaDJ^tT--— We regret to state tiling Wednesdayiteil^iqtpteb« jr five or six years old son of Mr.-'l.-Cwwge' Ifern of this city, while playing roui&k leaning against Mr. R ev . nolds’ Fourthly up«et it and was caught under neath, killing4ii«Pstantly. Let this he a war ning to parent! wlceep their children away f roil , such places. UNION AMONG OURSELVES. The events of the last Congress and those now transpiring at the North, we think should attract the attention of the people of the South to en deavor to cast aside all mere party divisions and unite heart and hand to protect our own peculiar institutions. If there ever was a time since the formation of our government when a unity of action was necessary in this respect, that time ii now. We are no advocate for excessive section al prejudices, but in a government like ours composed of various confederated States, with conflicting interests and opposite industrial pur suits, those who fail to support their own, will find them neglected, and if they be antagonistic tothe others, will see them gradually undermin ed, until not a vestige shall remain of that foun. dation upon which was built the whole su perstructure of their State's prosperity. The proof of this fact is, that the section of the Union which has most steadily looked to its own inte rest, which in the conflict of politics, has never forgotten its individual aggrandizement, has far outstripped the rest in the race of improvement, and beeu most peculiarly benefitted by federal legislation. We mean the Northern States. New England for instance, embracing but a small portion of our national territory, has by closely looking to her own interest, beenenahled to induce our federal legislature always to en courage her own peculiar interests, and the ef fect has been to advance her in the road to pros perity, far beyond her sister States. Why should not we of the South be animated by a like desire to advance our own interests ? Why should we, by divisions amongst ourselves, destroy the effect of a united effort to protect our rights and benefit the beautiful land we live in? The effect of this difference is now appearing manifest from the the consequences likely to flow from the late action of Congress upon the slavery question, by increasing lire zeal of the anti-slavery men at the Nor'lt, and checking the moral influence of the South by creating divisions amongst whom none should exist. The time is fast approach ing when the influence of the South in the na tional councils will be greatly weakened if not powerless, unless a more perfect unity of action in relation to her peculiar institutions prevails. That there is a settled purpose at the North to prevent the further extension of slavery in the Territories of the Union, wc think few if any will deny, and whenever the time arrives to set tle this question, we have no doubt the South will not only be given to understaud the true sentiments held there against her rights in this respect, but made to feel her powerless condition caused in a great measure by her failing to em brace the opportunity presented at the last ses sion of Congress of securing at least a portion of her rights and political power. The cen.-us to be taken next year will undoubtedly show a vast preponderance in favor of the non-slaveholding States, and consequently against the South with regard to the all-important slavery question.— The acts of the last Congress go conclusively to prove that the rights of the South on the subject of slavery cannot be safely intrusted to them; nor indeed are or ought they to be. The conduct displayed in Congress during the last session was only a revised edition of the injustice in flicted upon the South in this respect for the last fifteen or twenty years ; and should teach all parties at the South to stand firm and united in defence of her rights and peculiar institutions. Already is the abolition of slavery in Kentucky and even Tennessee become a mooted question ; and the influence of a powerful name, hitherto viewed partially sound on this subject, cast in favor ofits being carried out in the first named State. And yet, with these facts before them a large portion of the people of the South are dis posed to wait further developments and say “ there is no danger.” Well, we may see, when perhaps our fate will he like that of Samtson of old. We would be happy to see the people of the South united in defence of their rights nnd inte rests. We would that we could see the citizens of Georgia as they were in 1824 and ’25, manfully maintaining her rights nnd teaching all our repre sentatives at home and at Washington to assert nnd protect them. This is the spirit we would see once more aroused amongst us, in order to restrain and drive hack federal encroachments upon our rights. We would see our State, and the whole South, not captiously seeking for causes of complaint, nor yet tamely submitting to her interests being neglected or encroached upon by Congress. Wo would have this so, be cause wc sincerely desire the permanence of tho Union, and tho perpetuity of our inestimable blessings of liberty, which can alone be done by observing the balances so admirably established by our forefathers at the formation of our gov ernment. No system of government having far its object the oppression of one section to aggran dize the other, will long be tolerated by a peo ple, who, knowing their rights, dare maintain them We look upon the slavery question as one of deep and abiding interest to us—and not withstanding its having been drawn into it, by intriguing politicians, as one eminently above mere party considerations. In con -fusion wo repeat that as in this confederacy there are a va riety of interests, those who neglect to protect their own, will in the end find them in jeopardy if not entirely destroyed. Plans have been put forward to unite us in defence of our rights in this respect, therefore it is necessary for us to examine and decide which is the. best course to pursue ; nnd, laying aside all party predilections or personal considerations, let us therefore pre pare to show an unbroken phalanx in tin; asser tion and maintainance of our rights in relation to this subject—which will teach Congress to be ware how it ctvsroaches upon the reserved rights of the p«op!4.*§t