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a-b'aaiijimT srosKß'aia EDITED AND PIBUSHtT) WEEKLY, RY WM. B . II A It It I H O A . CITY PRINTER. BROTHER MAS! BY COODWYK BARM BY. God is One, and we are Two— Brother man, brother man ’ W herefore make so much ado r y\ by should differ I and you ? God is one, and we arc two— Brother man, brother man ’ W e are wrong, and God is right— Brother man, brother man I Why should difference end in light ? Why should good bo quelled by might ? We are wrong, and God is right— Brother man, brother man I W e are beads, and God the string— Brother man, brother man ! Ts wo do not closely cling, Snapped will be the jewelled ring ; We ore beads, and God the string— Brother man, brother man ! Wo are parts, and God is All— Brother man, brother man ! Should our body’s members brawl, Would it not the brain appal ! We are parts, and God is All- Brother man, brother man I Wo arc limbs, and God the Head— Brot! ter man, brother man ! W ere the arms to contest led, Bruises o’er ,lie frame would spread j Wear* limbs, and God the Head Brother man, brother man ! Wcarc children—God our Sire— Brother matt, brother man 1 Lot to II im each heart aspire, As to Heaven fiamoth fire; We are children—God our Sire— Brother inan, brother man ! God has spoke it; we shall see— Brother man, brother man i All mankind shall brethren be, Like the stars in unity— God lias spoke it; we shall see— Brother man, brother ntan ! ‘•Grievous Words stir up Auger.’ We extract the following essay on the above proverb, from a work recently pub lished, eniitled “Proverbsfor the People.” There is much admirable writing in this work, which will amply repay perusal: “ It has been said that an Irishman is at peace, only when he is in a quarrel; a Scotchman is at home, only when lie is abroad; an Englishman is contented, only while finding fau.t with something or some body ; and, just here let us add, that a captious, busy, blustering, impetuous American Is at the height, of ftjticiiy, only while he is in all these tumultuous condi tions at the same timo. Place of birth and peculiarity of dialect matters not; wherever tho graceless cynic throws a ronnd him “ the rhinoceros skin of impu dence,” the identity of his character is fixed, and is very likely to remain un changed. His misanthiopic heart is a fountain of bitterness, whose incessant llow indicates a disp sitiou perpetually perverse. By a few masterly outlines, the great bard has piesented a vivid portrai ture of the censorious man. *• Thou wilt ijuaitol with a man that hath a hair more, or hair less, in his beard, than thou hast. Thou wilt quarrel with a man for cracking nu’s, having no other reason but because thou hast hazel eyes ; what eye, but such an eye, would spy out such a quarrel ? Thy head is as full of quarrels, as an t'2<r is full of meat.” “Says Solomon, ‘An ungodly man diggeth up evil; and in his lips there is a burningfire. A forward man sowethstrife ; and a whisperer separateth chief friends.’ Instead of ‘ covering all’ in the spirit of the gospel; the captious are most busy in digging up evil; they ‘search for hid treasure,’ black and foul as their own loathsome spi it, and take the greatest de light in reviving what had been long bu ried, only to invest it with aggrava ing cir cumstances and more envenomed life. Such a perturbed and wretched anarchism goes forth wi'h diligent hand to sow the seed of strife in every furrow of society, seed that spring up only in tempests, and generate the worst pestilence from the rot ten fruits they produce. “ It is not uncommon for this class of persons to assign good motives for their bad deeds. A divine proverb says, ‘ A hypocrite with his mouth destroyeth his neighbor.’—Haman, under a pre’ence of loyalty, attempted to destroy a whole na tion. Ziba, under the same false garb, would have destoyed his neighbor. Ahab, the lying prophet, from mere wilfulness, ruined his brother. The hypocrite’s mouth is * a world of iniquity,’ it contains 4 a lit tle member, always armed and ac'ive a gainst true greatness, a weapon fearfully destructive since, as the apostle James de clares, it is * set on fire of hell.’ “ To conciliate thecensorious i.s almost impossible. They are usually the most obdurate, because most prejudical; there fore they are the last to appreciate kind ness, and least susceptible to conviction. “ All seems infected that the infected spy, And all seems yellow to the jaundiced eye,” The influence of such individuals is well stated in the following Scripture: ‘ The north wind bringeth forth rain : so doth a backbiting tongue an angry countenance.’ To suppress rage is undoubtedly a duty, but it is a task the hardest to perform iti the presence of those who are constantly finding fault. The evil is aggravated by the fact that those who are most 'antulizing are always the most unworthy of regard. The most contemptible foes are the most annoying; as Southey has said, 44 • Quick am 1 to feel Little ills, —perhaps o’erhasty ; summer gnats, Finding mv cheek unguarded, may infix Their skin-deep stings, to vex and irritate; But if the wolf or forest boar be nigh, lam awake to danger. Even so Bear Ia mind of steel and adamant Against all greater wrongs.’ “ G rievous words are tho’cil which aug ments the flame of passion and intensifies its heal; fur this reason they should he studiously repelled and repressed. Says an old and wise counsellor, ‘ When men are provoked, speak gently to them, and they will he pacified; as the Ephraimites were by Gideon’s mildness: whereas,on alike occasion, by. Jeptha’sroughness they were exasperated, and the consequences were bad. Reason will he better spoken, and a righ'cous cause bettei pleaded, with meekness, than with passion ; ltatd argu ments do best with soft words.’ “In the second place, the censorious man usually complains without sufficient cause. In all waters there are some fish that love to swin against the stream ; and in every community persons are to be found wh i delight in being opposed to eve rybody else. Demand a reason for their obstinate dissent, and you will probably obtain a reply about as intel igent and magnanimous as the one recorded in the following lines : “ ‘I do not like you Doctor Fell, The reason why, I cannot tell, But—l do not like you Doctor Fell.’ “ It is painful to see persons thus* fret ting in their own grease, ’ as anger with out reason is like fire under an empty ket tle, it burns the vessel to no purpose. Such a frantic member of society i3 a furi ous beast in his demeanor towards more worthy associates, because the native im pulse is grovelling and bestial which sways himself. It was with a vain hope of correcting this fatal eccentricity, that nurke wrote as follows to his cautious friend Barry, while studying his art at Rome, ‘ That you have just subject of in dignation always, and of anger often, l do no ways doubt; who can live in the world without some trial of his patience? But believe me, my deal Barry, that the arms with which the ill-dispositions of the wot Id are to he combatted, and the qualities by which it is to be reconciled to us, and we reconciled to it, are moderation, gentleness a little indulgence to others, and a great deal ofdis rust of ourselves; which are not qualities of a mean spirit, as some may possibly think them, but virtues*of a great and noble kind, and such as dignify our nature, as much as they contribute toour repose and fortune ; for nothing can be so unworthy of a well composed soul as to pass away lifo in bickerings and litiga tions • in enar ing and scutfling with every one about us—Again and again, my dear Barry, we must he at peace with our spe cies, if not for their aakes, yet very much for our own. “ Stiff necks are always diseased ones, and trees that are hollow are the most un bending; but their inflexibility is the pro duct and proof ofuusoundness rathei than of strength. A delicate and flexile dem eanor is a prominent trait in polished life. Iho hosti ity of the truly great is always marked by courteous generosity ; while mediocrity is perpe ually envious towards orginal minds and magnanimous thoughts, ihe undisciplined hatshne-s and furious invective of such is the exponent of their native meanness and the badge of predes tined contempt. Says Schiller, “ How should they, who know no other measure of worth than the toil of acquisition and its palpable results, he capable of estimating the calm operation of taste upon the out ward and iuwatd man, while they regard the I irtuitous disadvantage of polite liter ature, without is essential benefits. The man without perception of form despises all grace in eloquence as corruption, all elegance in conversation as hypocrisy, all delicacy and loftiness of demeanor as ex aggeration and affectation. He can never forgive it in thofavorite of the graces, that as a companion, he adorns all circles, as a man of business, moulds all heads to his design, as an author imprints, pet haps, his spirit on the whole of his century, while he, the victim of drudgery, with all his knowledge can command no attention, nor move so much as a sfone from its place.” California. —The Washington corres pondent of the Tribune writes to that pa per as follows : “ Certainly one of the most important rumors of the day, if it is true, is that Mr. Benton has sent to California, by the last steamship, another of his remarkable let ters, addressed to the inhabitants of that territory. The first rescript to the Cali fornians was taken out last fall by Colonel Fremont, and advised them to set up a provisional government, without any pro vision as to slavery. That document was probably published, in San Francisco, about the first of February last. From what 1 learn 1 have reason to think that Mr. Benton now advises the people ofCal i oraia to insert a provision in temporary system for the eternal exclusion of slavery from their soil, and that he advocates or rather commends it with all his character istic energy and power. 1 cannot doubt that his recommendations will be follow ed. If this report is true—and I have no doubt at all of it—it goes to confirm the expectations of Senator Benton's warmest friends, and to indicate that he has ranged himself beside Clay, Haywood, and other wise aud distinguished men of the slave States, with Seward, Van Buien and Web ster of the free, not only to resist the exten sion but to provide for the eradication of American negro slavery.” From the National Intelligencer. Lectures on Athens and Attica. The first Lecture of Professor Koeppen on Athens and Attica was well attended, and exceedingly interesting ; and, for the entertainment of our readers abroad, we shall record a few of the more prominent statements made by the lecturer. After giving an account of the imperfect knowledge of Grecian archaeology and to pography during the Turkish dominion in Greece, he proceeded to comment upon ancient Attica, which he pronounced the heart of that renowned country of antiqui ty whence all our most vivid impressions of the heroic ages have been derived.— The perseverance of the Greeks in main taining their nationality, and their heroic deeds, the exalted character of their poets and orators, their historians and moralists, were all described in a manner which riv eted the attention of the audience ; and the effect of his remarks was greatly height ened by his elaborate descriptions of the climate and romantic mountain scenery of Greece. The relics of antiquity in ancient Greece were first explored in 1533, and at that time, in the city of Athens, a museum was founded, which soon contained no less than two thousand specimens of ancient art. In the midst of all the circumstances at tending the removal to Athens of King Otho in 1834, the Professor first entered that beautiful city. At that time the nav igation of the Mediterranean was confined to a few British steamers, and he made the passage from Malta to the Piraeus on hoard a Greek sailing packet. That har bor, which for centuries had presented nothing but ruins, was now full oflifeand motion. Armed vessels and quite a fleet of coasting vessels were discharging their cargoes of timber and provisions for the new capital. Camels and mules were employed by the hundred in carrying mer chandise to Athens. Troops of glittering Greek lancers, mounted upon beautiful 1 urkislt horses, added to the beauty of the scene ; and it was in the midst of such a cavalcade that the Professor rode a dis tance of five miles, until lie reached the city, when his eyes were charmed by the temple of Theseus, the Areopagus, and Acropolis. A bustling activity pervaded the city, the only hotel was crowded to excess, and the streets were filled with strangers, for eign ambassadors, and household officers. I* rom the difficulty of procuring lodgings, a number of ludicrous circumstances oc curred. Tho odious Turkish ambassador had the house assigned to him barricaded against his entrance. He sat down, how ever, unmoved, upm the steps,exclaiming, God ts great, his will be done ” while the gens d'arrncs were employed in effecting an entrance. 1 his done, the owner of the house, an indomitable Greek widow, still refusing to yield her ground, the soldiers took gently hold of the four corners of the carpet on which she sat, and placed her carefully in the middle of the muddy street, where she quietly remained, denouncing in a bitter manner both Bavarians anil i urks, until taken away by her rela ives. 1 he first monument of antiquhy which Professor Koeppen described was the ilieseum, the best preserv ed of the Athe nian temples. It is of the severe Doric order, with a single peristyle, it has six columns in the eastern and six in the wes tern front; from the pavement to the apex of the pediment the height is only thirty feet, while that of the Parthenon is sixty five, and that of the temple of Olympic i Jove is eighty-five. In describing the beau ty of this noble sanctuary the lecturer observed, that although originally built of the whites’ marble, it"has assumed, in the cotnse of time, a rich golden hue, as if it had been quarried, not from the bed of a mcky mountain, butfiomthe golden light of an Athenian sunset. He then briefly narrated the history of this temple, sketch ing, as he went along, its marble designs. The eloquent lecturer now conveyed his audience to the summit of the renown ed Acropolis, and unfolded to them its wonders. I his he described as ati im mense rectangular rock, rising abruptly from the plain to the height of one hun dred and eighty feet. It is in the foim of a coffin ; its length one thousand feet, an l is width five hundred feet. Its direction is rom northwest to southeast; hence it uas necessary to build the Parthenon in an oblique line,that it might face the east; and this obliquity was no ed as giving the tern, lea fine effect. In the most ancient times lie Acropolis was the stronghold of despotic power; afterwards, in the bright days of the democracy, it became the sanctuary of the gods and heroes, the sa cred enclosure the national treasury, and me museum of its masterpieces of art. It was the heart of Athens, as Athens was the heart of Attica. And now, by a de cree of Otlio, it has again become the sa cred museum of the nation. Other wonders were briefly described by the lecturer, and an elaborate account given of the more recent excavations. His hear! seemed to be in his subject, and we doubt not that the efTect of bis lectures will have a tendency to direct anew the attention of our citizens to the study of Grecian history. G o o n Hit . —Theodore Parker savs, “ Mr. Pacing-both-ways is a popular poli tician in America, just now, sitting on the fenr-e between Honesty arid Dishonesty, and like the blank leaf between the Old and New 1 estament, belonging to neither dispensation.” A Goon Toast. — The Temperance Ar. m>j : The only army ever known where each volunteer is a regular, and every pri vate an orderly. May it soon become the “ army of occupation” throughout the world. MACON, G A . SATURDAY MORNING, MARCH 31, 1849. EpWe are indebted to the editors of the Sa vannah Republican for an extra containing the Foreign news brought by the Canada; —and New York papers in advance of the regular mail, brought by the splendid new steamship Tennes see, which arrived at Savannah on Saturday night last in sixty-four hours from New York, bring ing out hfty one passengers. Sable Melodists. —lt will be seen by refer ence to the advertisement in another column, that this company will give a concert in this city tliisevening. They have been favorably noticed where they have performed elsewhere. Stabbing. — \Vc understand that a difficulty occurred in this city on Wednesday last, between John M. Bcrdine and James L. West, in which the latter inflicted several severe wounds with a knife on the arms of the former, which may cause the loss of the use of one of them. West xvas promptly arrested, and bound over by E. E. Brown, Esq., in the sum of SI,OOO, to appear at the Superior Court to be held in this city in July next, to answer for the offence. The Weather. —During the past week we have had several frosts severe enough to destroy most of the exposed vegetables in the gardens. We learn that there are large fields of cotton up in Houston and other c ‘unties below this, which have scarcely escaped serious injury from these frosts, if indeed they have not been destroyed. For a day or two past, however, the weather has become more pleasant. Destructive Flood —The Detroit Adver tiser states that property to the amount of two hundred thousand dollars has been recently des troyed by the flood at Chicago, and several lives were lost. STEAM. Next to the discovery of the art of printing, the application ofthis clastic fluid to machinery, has done more for the amelioration ofthe human condition than all the preceding and subsequent discoveries in the arts and sciences. Annihila ting space, drawing close together the most dis tant nations, it brings the various races of the human family in close association—equalizes the discrepancies in civilization, and advances all to a higher state ofimprovement in social existence than they had before attained. By it the merchant can send his goods to anv distant port, calculating with almost absolute certainty upon tho date of their arrival. Ad verse winds and tides in vain oppose the advance of his bark—they are as the mere ripple on the bosom of some placid lake to her. Onward she cleaves her way heedless of their obstruction, until her voyage shall have been finished and her labor done. Nor is this mighty principle less potent on land— every species of manufac tured goods is cheapened by its operation, bring ing to the poor man’s door luxuries before un known—thus leveling the barriers between the oppressed many and the favored few. Whilst it supplies his physical wants, the mind too is afforded cheap and wholesome nutriment for, by its application to paper making and books are so easily multiplied, that the poorest operative may possess sufficient of them to en lighten his mind and fit him for the new destiny which this mighty principle has caused to await him. I otent as steam has become, it is a matter of surprise, that it had not been applied to the me chanic arts ages earlier than it was, for its expan sive power was fully understood at an early pe riod of the world, many centuries prior to the time, when that power is said to have been discovered. \Ve learn from tho classic page of the author of the ‘ decline and fall ofthe Roman empire,’ that it was known as far back as the reign of the Emperor Justinian, at the commencement of the sixth century—and was used by tho Grecian architect, Anthemius, as a means of intimidating a troublesome neighbor 8o great was the weight of the object moved by it, (a dwelling house perhaps,) that we are sur prised that this did not lead to its being applied to some useful purpose at that time—And yet, as late as at the commencement ofthe present ccn tury,(!Bol,) a singular circumstance occurred, says Allison, in his 1 History of Europe,’ which demonstrates how little the clearest intellect can anticipate the ultimate result of the discoveries which are destined to effect the greatest changes in human affairs. At the time when the eves of all Europe were fixed on the Channel, and the orators of the French tribunate were wi-hing for a “ fair wind and thirty-six hours,” an unknown individual (Fulton) presented himself to the first Consul, and said—“ The sea which sepa rates you from your enemy gives him a great ad vantage. Aided alternately by the winds and tempests, he braves you in his inaccessible isle. This obstacle, bis sole strength, I engage to over come. I can, in spite of all his fleets, ut anv time, in a few hours, transport your armies into his territory, without tearing tho tempests or having need of the winds. Consider the means which I offer you." A most singular proposi tion was this, truly. Napoleon so far entertain ed it, as to commit the plans and details of Mr. Fulton to a Commission of the jnost learned men which France could produce, nnd this was all that the I irst Counsul’s vast engagement would allow him to do. The most learned Commission reported to Napoleon that it was “ visionary and impracticable.” Such was the reception which steam navigation, that has done so much, first received at the hands of Philoso phy. Great as have been the benefits which steam has bestowed upon us, it has not yet reached the climax of utility it seems destined to attain improvements arc almost annually being made in its applicability—and when we reflect upon what it has already done, which once was deem ed impossible, we are constrained to the opinion that there are many wonderful revolutions in science, yet to be attained through its instrumen tality—as great, if not greater, than those which ! have already been accomplished. NOTORIETY. A celebrated writer, and one well acquainted with human nature, has said that “ notoriety is the Vice of pretenders, the mere counterfeit of a genuine love of fame, and totally unworthy to be possessed by any but impostors and charle tans.” Another writer, equally cogent of ob servation, remarks thus : “ endeavor to be first in thy calling, wiiatever it may be, and consider it more genuine profit to receive one commenda ble observation from him thou deemesl a man of integrity, and thy superior, than ten thousand eulogies from thy equals, or titose beneath thee ; for these latter are parasites, who would make a ladder of thy praise for gaining the summit of their own selfish ambition.” There are many men who areas well pleased with the acquire ment of notoriety as in the attainment of genuine celebrity. The distinction between these two qualities, is of vast importance to the interests of their possessor:. The former issuch a passion as actuated “ the aspiring youth who fired the Ephesian dome ;" the latter is such a feeling ns inspired the impulses of a Washington. One is the natural emotion of a demon—the other i.s the innate aspiration of a God. These two passions, for they are such in the most conclusive signification of the phrase, and the love of lucrei are the three causes which predominate over the designs and interests of mankind. Love, Friend ship and Religion, are subordinate to their im perial dictatorship, and are very often embraced only as requisites for the ultimate furtherance of anticipations connected with their nverwhelm ing powers. For the advancement of the one, or the obtainment of the other, the fondest ties of consanguinity have boon resigned, and the most devoted pledges of affection held feeble and worthless. Many a soul has been sacrificed on the altar of an unholy ambition, which would have shuddered in its primeval innocence, at the thought of such immolation As we become familiar with the arts of the world and the duplicity of human nature, our natural characters are lost ; and, in despite of intellectual resolution, we too often become the mere creatures of circumstances, actuated upon by events which were entirely unlooked for, and participating in scenes of conscious, yet unthink ing terpitude. To become either celebrated for virtuous ac tions—or notorious for vicious ones—or to ac quire power through the influence of wealth, are the incentives to nlmsst every human action, which characterizes the progress of the world. It is a serious and interesting scrutiny to exam ine the incidents connected with the passing life ofany individual who has the feintest preten sions to be of a higher grade of intellect than or dinary men. The slightest action when inquir ed into, with a know ledge of antecedent events and expected circumstances, will too often be tray the aspirings of self advancement ; and un fold to the disinterested observer, the counterfeit virtuous sentiments and mock patriotism of those who would be appreciated for sentiments dicta ted only by hypocrisy. Indeed the number of really virtuous beings to be found among the gifted of our land, is miserably circumscribed; and their vain emulation and persevering exer tions, seldom tend but to one goal, and that is attained only in the accomplishment of self, aggrandizement. It would, we think, he far better for the welfare of our country, and for the good of mankind, if men of ’alents always made disinterested and honorable actions the husis of their eminence of character. But unfortunately this is not the case. Instead of performing su ii deeds as would redound most to their credit when examined with a scrutinizing and unpre judiced eye, their own advancement is too fre quently the result of the most insidious policy which may be devised by party and sectional feelings. It matters but little in these days whether a man is n Christian or an infidel— whether his morals are pure or ofthe mist out rageous character, so that he possesses capability ol mind sufficient to out-rival his opponent in sophistry or argumentative discussion. It is true that this state of things is of the most liberal character, for the free expression of religious sen timents of whatever stamp they may be; and we have frequently wondered that more creeds detrimental to Christianity have not been brought forward and advocated by the seekers after no toriety. The wishes of the genuine lovers of fame, are of a nature suitable to the more per spicuous elucidation of the subjects which they profess to treat of in their writings ; or ofa char acter commensurate with praiseworthy or virtu ous deeds. So much for notoriety—a man may as well bean idol us a Solon, if by some system of policy he does not become notorious ; and as impudence is generally the companion of igno rance, modest merit is too often kept in the dark, unless some stratagem be resorted to, wlierebv public attention may be attracted to its pos sessor. Cotton Burst—We learn from the Savan nah Georgian, of the 29th inst. that two loaded tow boats, attached to the steamer Chatham were burnt near Silver Bluff on Tuesday last! I welve hundred bales of Colton were destroy ed. One of the boats was entirely burnt, and the other scuttled, Ihe loss is esiimaltd at $2.»,000, which is covered by insurance The same paper says “We have been inform ed that a boat containing 500 bales of Cotton for this City, sunk in the Oconee river last week, and that about 200 hales will be a total !• ss. The remainder have been saved in a damaged state. Partial insurance.” Storms.—Wa learn from our exchanges that several violent storms have recently occurred in portions of this and the adjoining States. In Abbeville district, S. C., Col. J. C. Martin had his dwelling, (in which was crushed a piano,) outhouses, mill, &c. blown down. Much damage had been done wherever the tornado passed. Disastrous Flood.—The St. Louis Republi can states that several towns on the Illinois riv er were at the latest accounts under water. At Peru, an extensive warehouse fell into the river, caused by the bank caving in, and the building which cost $9,000, was totally lost, together with 20,000 bushels of wheat stored therein. Mr. Elliott’* Address. We extract the foltawing paragraphs from the able anniversary address delivered by the Hon. Wm. Elliott, bej’ore the State Agricultural So ciety of South Carolina, in November last. The views taken are clearly and forcibly expressed on the subjects of agriculture, slavery, Jtc , and he handles those ofthe North who are now as sailing Southern institutions, in an appropriate manner and without gloves. The writer thus sketches the causes of the present low prices of cotton : “ Posing ove * a few more years, we come to the present crisis in the cotton trade, shewing still more conclusively, its unwholesome condi tion, growing out of the fact of overproduction. One of the most afflicting of human calamities befel England. Famine was in her borders! Scotland, but more especially Ireland, exhibited to the world, the harrowing spectacle of in telligent, sensitive human beings, strewn like untimely fruit over the bosom of the bountiful earth, and dying of starvation. All the restric tions on the importation of grain, embraced in the corn-law policy, were swept away, before so overwhelming a calamity; and Ametica may well be proud, when she reflects on the abund ant supplies she was able to contribute, not mere ly to charity, but to the commercial wants of this suffering community. Europe, if she com mended the spirit of benevolence which charac terized our eoun’ry in this emergency, had no less reason to admire her wonderful capacity of production. The immense supplies of grain then thrown in England, in addition to Cotton, exceeding by so many millions, the value of her manufactories sent us in return, left the balance of indebtedness between the two countries to be settled for in specie. Here was a drain of the precious metals, a stringency on the money mar ket of England, a pleasure on the banks, a pan ic ! The merchan s petitioned Parliament, and suggested issues of paper money, as a measure of relief. The government refused to interfere ; and the Bank of England raised the rate of dis count front 3 to 8 per cent., making it impossi ble to borrow. They had a notable purpose in the refusal. It was understood that the Cotton crop in this country was short. If accommoda tions were granted, the price would rule high ; and the Bank trembled, least instead of drawing back their specie from us, a still further drain should be made on them, through the amount paid for Cotton purchased at high rates. In a word, they feared bankruptcy, and took decisive measures of precaution. It is hardly possible to believe that tho government and Bank of Eng land did not act in concert. They resolved to make money scarce and dear, and consequently io make Cotton and all other exchangeable com modities cheap. True, this policy was not car ried out without difficulty and risk of corntno tion. They persisted neverthless. True, the manufacturer must stop his mills; the operative must starve or gain a precarious subsistence. The speculator must force his stock on a glutted and panic-stricken market; the merchant become a bankrupt, and discontent and distress pervade the land. What of that? They stood the haz ard of the die, and they won. They earned their point. The Cotton market was kept down, the Bunk relieved from imminent peril, and as the result of this combination, thirty millions of dollars, the amount lost to us in the fall of Cotton, was transferred from ours, to the pockets of the English capitalist : Brave play that ! on the political chess-board, when by sacrificing a few undistinguished pawns,and tottering knights hey defend their castles, secure their bishops, and preserve their queen.” To the foregoing startling developments he adds the following statement, from which he draws quite a practical and prudent conclusion : “ In 1845, we made but 1,750,000 bales ; tliev sold for seventy-five millions of dollars ! In J 846, we made 2,000,000 bales ; they sold for fifty-live millions of dollars. In J 847, we made 2,250,000 bales; they sold for forty-five millions of dollars. Ihe more we made the less we realized fur the crop—the excess of 500,000 hales made us not only not richer, hut losers, to the enormous a mount of thirty millions of dollars ; nay, more, to the additional amount which all that labor would have earned, which was misdirected to the production of these 500,000 bales. These facts are arguments; none stronger can be used, to prove that the production ofCo.'ton is excess ive, and utterly ruiuotts to the cultivator. Some portion of the Cotton growing country must abandon the culture ; which must that be? Surely not that which can make 2,000 pounds where we make 1,200 —which can make a profit at 8 cents per pound, where we require 10 to give an interest on our investment. Why not look the difficulty in the face ? It is ice ofthe Atlantic States who must withdraw ourselves, with what ever regret, from a pursuit which consigns us to <, Ss ;,r )' • 1 o what shall we turn ourselves ? To any thing, Isay, rather than to this pursuit, since suicide should he the last resort of misery. How employ our labor ?—in any thing, however fan tastic and ridiculous, so it he not hurtful, rather than employ it thus perniciously.” A Gold Digger's Experience.—A corres pondent of the Honolulu ( Sandwich Islands ) I riend, who was out surveying in the gold re gion, and went, like the rest of them, to gather the “ root of all evil,” gives his experience as follows : “I found gold digging by no means the enchan* bug employment many might dream it to be,but a matter of tact, back-aching, wearisome work most nearly resembling, for all the world, the heavy toil of a multitude of laborers excavating a canal or mill race. The climate of the gold region, from April to October, is dry, with a cloudless atmosphere, and cold nights, the mid dle of the day being warm especially at the dig gings nearest the plain. While at the mines, I was, of course, obliged to turn mountaineer sleep under the blue canopy, or part of the time in a lent, and take care of my domestic concerns as best I could. Life in (he mountains, with plenty to eat, and a good appetite, produced by hard work for sauce, is not so repulsive a thing as one only accustomed lo indoor existence might suppose. For variety's sake, it will do fora time ; but for my part, gold digging is a business I do not fancy a.though it pays pretty well, and you are sure of getting your pay in hand the moment the work is done Still I would rather beat iny old business with one third the profits of this. Some who recently went up the Sac ramento river, came back a week afterwards, well stored with fever and ague, if not with gold. Many who came will make money doubtless; but some will make themselves sick, and per haps make themselves poorer than ever—if they do not mako a shipwreck of good morale and die, like some already, as the fool dieth in re velling and drunkenness. If any man is doing a tolerable business at the Islands, let him stick to it. lie will ten chances to one, be better off in the end.”