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EDITED AND PL'BI.ISIIED WEEKLY, ■( WM. It. II A K It I K O \ . C / T Y P R I,V 7 A’ /? . from the .Xctc V r ork Atlas. OLD BACHELORS. A SONG FOR THE LADIES —BE T. \V. WHITLEY. Oh ’ who would be a bachelor, Be dead to love and beauty ; To hem ! and ha ! and still hang on, Like sentinels on duty ? Poor/knights of rueful countenance, So timid, so faint-hearted, Y»ur lachrymary eyes complain Os beauty long departed. Poor brotherlioctl of chicken-hearts, Too late now to be a beau, Oh ! how wretched must be Poor Cupid's cz officio. Frank’s old by indecision grown, I'rcd’s bahl, and balder growing ; Poor fellows ! now in solitude, . Go, reap what you’ve been sowing. Yet, stay ; there’s one I fain would spare, If he be not past curing, Come, Charles, let’s sec how you’ll behave; Your looks are so imploring. Now, try a side long glance at me— i’ll help you all I can, sir — There! take care now ! Yes, that will do! I think that you will answer. from, the National Intelligencer. Lectures ou Hie Ancient Athenians—No. 3. Tlkj Lecture of Ftiday evening was in troduced with a few remarks upon the importance of its subject, namely, the Harbors and Naval Establishments of the Ancient Athenians. These had (he great est influence on the rapid development of the Republic, its conquests and glorious dominion of the sea. Interesting discov eries have lately been made in perfect accdtdance with the ancient historians, and throwing anew light upon the whole subject. From the time of the 17th cen tury down to the reign of King Otho, all the maps and plains published on the har bors and the coast were incorrect and de fective ; nor had the site of Phaleron, nor the ruins of the third or Phaleric long wall been discovered. The particular advantage of the site of Athens consisted not only in the strong rock of the Acropolis, but much more in the remarkable character of the rocky coast, forming another sortie s, the Mu nychia, which mainly contributed to the extensive commerce and the great naval power of the Athenians. The Castle of Munychia, situated on a steep hill, now called “ Castellon,” five hundred feet above the level of the sea, commanded the locked harbors, the Pei rai ns, Zc a, and Munychia, spread out beau tifully at its base. The largest of the three is the Peiracus,during the middle age called Darkos or Porto Leone, which is nearly throe miles in circumference, and a depth sufficient for mon-of-war of the first class. South vivo Poirmu?. and divided from it by a low isthmus, lies the ’Lea, which was the principal galley-port of the ancient Athenians,and still presents immense exca vation in the coast, and ruins of square blocks, indicating the wharves or ship houses of the galleys. East of the Ze a, immediately beneath the f owning rocks of the castle of Munychia, lies the third smaller basin, called, from itscircularfrotn “ The Lantern," the ancient port of Muny chia. At its mouth are seen the ruins of the temple of Diana, the refuge of the exi led Athenians, from which they depart in to banishment. The most ancient open harbor of the Athenians in the early times, during the reign of the kings, and long before the Persain wars, was Phaleron, situated, ac- j cording to Strabo and Pausanius, on the I southern promontory ofthe great Phaleric bay. The city of Athens was at that time built on the south and west of the Acrop olis, and had hy the Phaleric road an easy communication w ith tho emporium at Phaleron. Front this open port the small expeditious to Greta and Asia Minor de parted, but it is never afterwards mention ed as having belonged to the fortified gal ley-harbors during the bright period of Athenian history. It was the great The rnistocles, who, iu the interval between the first and second Persian war suggested tho idea to the Athenians of augmenting the navy and fortifying the three natural ports of the Munychian peninsula, then divided from Athens by an extensive swamp called the Halipedon, or Salt-plain. The gigantic fortification of the ports, and tho first at tempts of uniting them to the city by long walls, were begun immediately after the defeat of the Persains at Platcat, about the year 477 B. C. The Athenians having not yet abandoned their old port of Pha leroti, and fearing the landing ofthe enemy in the open bay, constructed ono wall forty stadia in length to the Peineus, and an other five stadia shorter to Phaleron. Ci mon, the son of Miltiades, finished this ex- pensive undertaking before iiis expedition to Cyprus in 449. A third or middle wall, running parallel with the Peiraic wall, was afterwards added by Pericles, who thus completed the immense fortifications of Athens and its land-locked harbors, em bracing a circumference of thirty English miles, at the beginning of the Pelopoune eian war. At its unhappy termination in 404 all these fortifications of the harbors and long-walls were demolished. But the two parallel walls, called makrx skcle, were afterwards rebuilt by Conon, who per haps may have employed the stones of the more southern Phaleric wall, which was never restored, because Pbaleron had ceased to be used as a port. Many interesting traces of the two par allel walls still existed on the arrival of King Otho ; but unhappily the royal en gineers employed the enormous stjuare blocks as Foundations for the new read to Athens. The middle wall, running SGO feet south of the Peiraic wall, may still be traced through the gardens and vineyards covering the plain, and some substructions of the still older Phaleric wall are seen here and there along the road from Pha leron to the base of the hill Museion, on the west of the Acropolis. Some highly interesting inscriptions were found on the pavement ol the church Santa Irene, at Athens, in 1829. They belong to the pe riod immediately preceding the fatal battle of Cberoneia, in 338, and contain a decree of tho Athenians for the repairs of the walls. From these inscription*, it appears that they were, in part, built of brick, and formed a covered galley with large tliyri. des, or windows. Their breadth was twelve to fourteen feet, their height only twenty feet, and they were, together with the fortifications of the city and the har bors, divided into ten military stations. The walls of the Peiucus itself were much stronger. They were, according to Appian, forty feet high, and their breadth on the north of the Peiracus is eighteen feet of immense square blocks. The tow ers are square, standing on older circular bases, thus proving that the walls of Co non were built upon those of Themistocles. Sylla, the Roman, exerted all the strength of the Roman arms to dismantle the Peirae us. Traces are still seen, on the north, of a mine or cuniculus, as the Womans called it, that had been run beneath a tower which is still standing in a leaning posi tion. The Romans destroyed the Peirac us with fire and sword. Its fortresses, arsenals, wharves, and proud monuments were leveled to the ground; and when Strabo, eight years later, visited that place, he found nothing but ruins. Nor was it tebuilt during the middle ages. This accounts for the immense accumula tion of rubbish, broken tiles, and pottery, covering the whole ancient site to a height of twelve or sixteen feet. The city .was built iu the time of Themistocles, by the celebiated a chitect Hippodamus, from Miletus.—From the lage square, the Htp podameian market-place, a large avenue extended along the port and terminated in the great Arsenal of Phi on, where, in 1843, a curious column was found with the inscription, “ This is the street and limit of the emporium.” On both sides of the street the foundations of buildings and porticoes, with beautiful mosaic pavemen's, were discovered during the late excava tions. Cisterns, of a great depth, some times forming large subterranean cham bers, were found dispersed all over the hills. They no doubt served as stores for wine, oil, grain and o her p ovisions. Some even contain water, and seem to have been constructed over the great subterranean aqueduct, which from the plain was led along the walls down to the Peiraeus. The innermost part of the basin formed the great commercial port of die Repub lic. f ivc large porticoes, or stoai, among which was the Deigma, or central exhibi tion hall, for ihe. grain and provisions of Athens, sent in from her colonies and tri butary allies, occupied the quays along the harbor. On the south shore stood the great temple of Venus, the Aphrudisinn, built by Conon ; and in a bay on the south west was the galley-port Cantharus, near the great Arsenal of Philon, where, in 1835, the interesting Registers of the Athenian fleet, from the times of Demos- thenes, were discovered. They contain the names of the t itemes, their armament, and distribution in the three hundred and seventy- wo ship-houses, or neosoihoi . sit uated in the th ee land-locked harbors of Ganthrus, Zc a, and Munychia. The posi tion of the galley-port of Cantharus was admirably chosen, the galleys lying near the fortified mouth of the great harbor, and not disturbing the commerce of the emporium in the interior. And yet was the strongly defended Peiraeus exposed to sudden stratagems of the daring Spartans. I The Lacedemonian Admiral Teleutias en tered the Peiraeus with twelve galleys, in 388 B. C , and carried away all the trans ports and merchantmen, even the bankers and traders, from the emporium, as priso ners, before the alarm could be given at Athens. 'I he flourishing commerce of the Peir ams, as the great emporium of the repub lic, began with the sudden and extraordin ary development of its naval forces during the Persian wars. The Athenian democ° racy, with is characteristic activity and acuteness, soon combined the most careful organization of its commercial institutions with the formation of its gigantic navy and political dominion over its numerous colonies and tributary allies. The whole commercial system of Athens, its mari into laws and rights of trade, the distribution of the customs, import and exp-i t duties, the precise definitions of its weights and measures, the solid standard of the Attic drachm, and the rigorous organization of its numerous custom-officers, distinguished it ftom all tho other Hellenic republics of that period, who more or less adopted the commercial institutions of Athens. The mighty iEgina, a century earlier the first naval power of Hellas, the lonian Colonies in Asia Minor, the Oycladian Islands, even wealthy Corinth herself, yielded and sank beneath the rising star of Athens. At that interesting period, toward the close of the fifth century before our era, a view from the towering heights of the Munychian citadel must have presented a most astonishing spectacle. Eastward, the beautiful plaiu with its sacred olive groves embosoming the distant hill of Mu seion, die ci y of Athens, and the glitter ing Acropolis; through the plain extended the gigantic arms of the long-walls, with heir immense foundations, their solid fronts, their embattled roofs and turreted gates : still further east, the old Phaleric wall, like a diverging radius, descending from the Muetioti along the sloping plain toward the distant port of Phaleron, —all together forming a sight more grand and more striking, perhaps, than adding to the picturcsqve effect of this extraordinary scenery. Between the long-walls were then seen the sepulchral monuments of Euripides and Menandros, the temples burnt by the Persians, arid the tumulus of Antiope, the queen of the Amazons, the beloved of Theseus. Westwaid from the castle, the beholder surveyed the three beautiful harbors with the numerous ships floating on their bosom, all surrounded by admirable walls and towers with their guards and battering engines. Immedi ately beneath his feet lie had the Dionysi an theatre, the stadium, the temples of Venus, Diana, and Jupiter, the covered wharves, and the highly ornamented front of the immense arsenals. But of how short a duration was this brilliant political and commercial system of the great loni an capital ! It had no solid foundation in the territory and productiveness of Attica, but rested exclusively on naval victories ' and ephemeral conquests. The virtue and the best vital force of Athens sank beneath the walls of a Dorian colony, in the terri ble destruction of her army and fleet be fore Syracuse in 413 ; and nine years la ter, the haughty leader of the Dorians, the Spartan Lysatider, with wild triumphal songs and the clangor of trumpets, carri ed off’ the fleet, and leveled to the ground the long.walls, the fortifications, and na- val establishments of tho Peineus. The Peloponnesian war destroyed for ever the great emporium of Athenian com merce. The island of Rhodes, Delos, Byzantium or the Bosporus, and in the later Roman period Pairs and Corinth, rebuilt by Julius Caesat, filled up the place of Athens in the history of commerce. Nor is it likely that the present harbor of the Peiracus ever will become of any importance as a central place of commerce. Syra, by its excellent situation between Mai a. Constantinople, femyma, and A1 exaudria is now the emporium of Greece; and Patrasso and Calumae are both rap idly rising—the former by’ its position at the mouth ofthe Corinthian Gulf, in the very centre ofthe precious currant planta tions, the most important export of the Morea ; and the latter on the Messenian Gulf, as a general depot for the rich wine and oil productions of Messenia, Ihe hills and cliff’s ofthe peninsula are steep and rocky. No forests,no luxuriant vegetation gladdens the eye ; but during winter the Munychia is covered with grass and patches of wheat and barley fields. On the north side of the hill is a curious cavern, excavated into the interior of the mountain, which is now called the Baths —“ ta loutra" —and is supposed to have been one of those subterranean dwelling places by the ancient called *S 'erangeiun, which, in the times of Demosthenes, when the harbors were crowded with foreigners from all parts of the Mediterranean, was a lurking-place for counterfeiters and thieves, who are mentioned as having their dangerous conventicles among the intricate passages beneath the Munychian hill. Another curious passage, which has never been explored, opens directly upon the rocky coast between the harbors of Zea and Eunychia. One of the most beautiful views in Greece is that fom the promontory of Alkimos, in front of the islands of /Egina, Salamis, and the high mountain coast of the distant Peloponne sus. Immediately on the water’s edge are seen two sarcophagi near an overturn ed column. The one is supposed to have belonged to the sepulchre of Themistocles, though Plutarchos describes the site of it as having been at the very mouth of the harbors. On the bight stands the monu ment and sepulchre of the brave Andreas Miaulis. Colocotronis and Colettis both sleep on the banks ofthe Ilissus, beneath the ruins ofthe temple of the Olympian Jupiter. Ihe ancient Necropolis, or burial-ground, lay north of the harbors where tomb* without number have been found. In the garden of Signor Condos tavlos were excavated twelve fine marble sarcophagi, containing alabaster vases, terra-cottas, gilt and colored heads, arms, and a marble slab with a Phoenician or Punic inscription. 1 he Peiracus is now a regularly built and flourishing city of more than three hun ched neat dwelling-houses and five thou sand inhabitants. It has three churches— the one ofGothic architecture, with stained glasses, ami a fine picture representing St. Paul the Apostle taking leave of Diony sius, the Aieopagite, and the Christian Lady' Damans, and stepping in his bark lor Corinth. Ihe Military Academy of the Euelpides, the Hellenic College, the Nautical School, several primary schools, and the American Missionary School of Uev. D. Buel, were flourishing a few years ago, and give the best evidence of the ardent desire of the modern Greeks to ac quire instiuction, and follow in the <r]ori ous path of their great forefathers. ° M. Koeppen terminated his lecture with a spirited description of the armament and departure of the splendid Athenian fleet with which Alcibiades sailed to Syracuse in the 16th year of the Peloponnesian war, in order to conquer Sicily and subdue the Greek colonies in lower Italy. This was the last period of unclouded happiness and glory in the ancient Pei ranis. The bloody process against the wild and sac rilegious youths who had mutilated the statues of Mercury, the Hermoropidx, soon followed, The Spartan army occupied all the passes of the mountains and ravaged the plain. lln to ward rumors arrived from Sicily. Anew fleet, another brilliant army, was with the utmost exertions sent off ; and soon did the dreadful news spread ovei the Peiraeus of the awful destruction of the whole fleet, and the slaughter or captivity of its thirty thousand warriors. Sic transit gloria munJi. /rent the .Yet c Orleans Crescent , Hilt instant. \ LATE FROM MEXICO. We have received files of the Monitor f.’epublicawo to the 20th (£ March, and a copy of El Universal of the 24th of March. I The Mexican Congress, by a large ma jority, passed an act authofizing the gov ernment to negotiate (dispose of) sl,- 500,000 of the amount to lie paid by the i United States in May nextJ* The Monitor of the I9tit says, that large i numbers of persons from tho United | Slates are passing through Mexico on their way to California in search of gold; on the Tuesday previous the editor had seen a company of sixty horsemen, Well armed and “ apparently decent,” on their jour ney. The partisans of Santa Anna are still busily employed in efforts to make a revo lution in his favor, but they are so diligent ly watched by the government that they have as yet been able to effect but little, and have not ventured on any overt acts since the great battle in Temascatepec, in which no one was killed and one drunken sergeant taken prisoner. Don Mariano Ayllon has undertaken to make the Chaleo Canal navigable for steamboats of a light draft, anil the pro ject meet3 with great favor in the City of Mexico ; and the Governor of Vera Cruz has made a reconnoisance ofthe Rio Blan co, and has discovered the practicability of transporting merchandise, by means of steamboats, from the coast of Sotavento to Ousacalca, within five leagues of Cor dova, and this too is to be attempted. Who will say that the Mexicans are not making progress ? The steam engine will work wonders when once fairly introduced. We perceive too that they have since the war been patrontzing steam of anothrr kind, which proves that they are rapidly adopt ing the peculiarities of Saxon civilization the Puabla journals comp ain that in almost every street and lane in the city, and particularly on Sundays and ieast days, crowds of men and women may he met wish—drunk as lords. Here is ad vancement. It is said that there are three thousand Indians In arms in the south of Mexico; prepared to rise against the government. Ihe State ot Jalisco has exempted cot ton plantations from laxation. A Quaker s Letter to his Watchma ker. — I herewith send thee my pocket clock which greatly standeth in need of thy frendly correction. The last time he was at thy friendly school, he was no ways reformed nor in the least benefited there by ;f r 1 perceive by the index of his mind that he is a liar, and the tru. h is not in him; that his motions are waving and irregular ; that his pulse is sometimes slow, which be tokeneth not an even temper; at other times it waxeth slugglish, notwithstanding l frequently urge him ; when he should be on his duty as thou knoweth his name de noteth, 1 find him slumbering or sleeping— or, as the vanity of human reason phrases it, 1 catch him napping. Examine him, and prove him, 1 beseech thee,thoroughly, that thou mayst, being well acquainted with his in ward frame and disposition, draw him from the error of his ways, and show him the path wherein he sh uld go. It grieves me to think, and when 1 ponder thereon lam verily of opinion that his body is foul, and the whole mass is corrup ted. Cleanse him, therefore, with thy charming physic, from a 1 pollution, that he may vibrate and circulate according to the truth. I will place him a few days under thy care, and pay for his board as thou re quires it. 1 entreat thee, friend John, to demean thyself on this occasion, with right judgement, according to the gift which is in thee, and prove thyself a workman. And when thou layest thy correcting hand upon him, let it be without passion, lest thou drive him to distruction. Do thou regulate his motion for the time to come, by thy motion ofthe light that rule h the day, and when thou findest him converted from the error of ways, and more coforma ble to above mentioned rules, then do thou send him home with a just bill of charges drawn out by the spirit of moderation, and it shall be sent to thee in the root of all evil. The Law of Newspapers. 1. Subscribers who do not give express notice to the contrary,are considered as wishing to con tinue their subscriptions. 2. If the subscribers order tho discontinua tion of their papers, the publishers may continue to send them till all cash charges are paid. 3. If subscribers neglect or refuse take their papers from the offices to which they are directed they are held responsible till they have settled their bill, and order their paper discontinued. 4 If subscribers remove to other places with out informing the publishers, and the paper is sent to the former direction, they are held re sponsible. 5. The Courts have decided that refusing to take a paper, or periodical from the office, or re moving and leaving it uncalled for, is “ print* facie” evidence of intentional fraud. Postmasters are requested to keep a copy of the above rules,and show it to persons who may decline taking their papers out of the respective offices, without having paid up all arrearages for the same. Curiosities of Boiling Water.— The high er we ascend, the less the presnre of the atmos phere becomes, and consequently, being to a cer tain extent removed from its surface, water boils at a much lower temperature than below. Many remarkable facts are dependant on this, for the nntricious principles in many kinds of common animal and vegetable food cannot be extracted at a temperature lower than 212 degrees ; there fore, these who live in the very elevated regions, such ns the plains of Mexico, &c., are deprived of many luxuries which their more fortunate, because ioss elevated neighbors, are capable of procuring. QTjf’ The catholic bishop Geiger, in Switzer land, has published a work iu defence of celiba cy, in which he remarks, “Should marriage he allowed to the catholic clergy, they would I know it from experience—never be content with one wife; and it is therefore well to give them none.” MACON, G A . SATURDAY MORNING, APRIL 21, 1849. (CTW e would advise all in want of good cotton seed to apply immediately to Messrs. N. Ocsley & Sox, who have on hand the genuine article. See advertisement. (UpThe steamship Europa has arrived, bring ing Liverpool dates to the 7th inst. The Cot ton market was firm at previous quotations.— Political affairs were more favorable on the Continent. Small Pox.—This disease is said to have made its appearance at Griffin—at Atlanta four cases have occurred. We copy the following statement from the Cassville Standard of the 19th inst. ofthe disease at the Iron Works in Cass co. fur the week ending the 17th : Deaths, 3 ; New cases, 27 ; Recovered, 10 ; Convalescent, 16 ; Sick, 35 ; Total sick and con valescent, 51. The disease is still confined to the vicinity of the Furnace. Ono case at the Rolling Mill. None at the Flour Mill. Our City Council have very properly adopted measures to prevent its appearance in this city. Fire. —On Wednesday night 18th inst. about half past 9 o’clock, a fire broke out in this city in the kitchen in the rear ofthe brick building at the corner of Poplar and Second Streets, oc cupied by Mrs. Seymour, which was consumed. The flames soon communicated to the Warehouse on the same lot, owned by Mr T. H. Harden, ofSavannali, and occupied by Messrs. Field & Adams, and in which were stored some six or seven hundred bales of cotton, owned principal ly by planters, all of which was consumed, ex cept some sixty or seventy bales. Insurance on the cotton to the amount of about twenty-five hundred dollars existed in the .-Etna Company; and perhaps a thousand dollars in some of the other offices at the Nartli—the loss of the balance falls principally upon the planters. The build ings on this lot were insured in the. Southern Mutual Insurance Company, at Griffin, for SIOOO. The two story brick building adjoining on ths South, occupied by Mrs. Smith, together with the buildings in the rear of the lot, belonging to Mr. H. Gowdey, of New York, were also con sumed. The fire then crossed to the Warehouse on the East, owned hy Mr. Chari.es Day, and un occupied, which was consumed. Insured in the Protection Company, Hartford for .4900. The dwelling and out buildings of Mr. E. Lunceford, on the adjoining lot, were all torn down and destroyed, except the storehouse at the corner of Third street, and a small building attached, fronting on Poplar street, where the progress of the flames was arrested. No insu rance. There were in all some ten or twelve build ings bestroyed, among which were two Ware houses and five dwellings—together with about six hundred bales of cotton. Total loss estima ted at about $25,000 —about $5,000 of which is covered hy insurance. (£7* Wc learn that two car loads of cotton, (about 100 bales,) were burnt on the Macon and Western Railroad,near liarnesvillc, on Thurs day afternoon last. Fp-The cold weather for the past week has done immense injury to the vegetation in the gardens in this vicinity. The cotton for fifty miles below this city, has been entirely killed, where it was growing, and the farmers arc re planting. The corn and wheat crops have also been materially injured. There was ice formed in this city on Sunday night, 15th inst. fully an eighth ofan inch thick—and indeed there lias been a frost in this section every night this week. This, in addition to the continued dry weather which has prevailed for some time past, must affect the growing crops very injuriously. Remarkable Clock. —The Charleston Cour ier contains a notice of anew clock which is soon to be erected in that city : The striking portion of the clock is so arranged that tile chim ing of the quarters, and striking of the hours, are accomplished by a single movement. The musical portion of the clock is also ingeniously constructed. It plays no less than three tunes, changing at the completion of each, and, when the three are finished, the keys again resume their original position, and commence the tune first played. We understand that four bronze figures are to be cast, which, at certain periods, are to spring forth from separate points of the steeple and return to their places, obedient to the working of the machinery. Gun Cotton and Tooth-ache. —The New York Sun says : “ Among the mahy curious and interesting applications of science which con stantly greet us, the application of the destruc. tive gun cotton to the alleviation of suffering hu manity is not the least interesting Gun cotton dissolved in ether has forsome time been very successfully employed, as an application to in cised wounds. When washed over the surface, the other, rapidly evaporating, leaves behind a film, which is impervious to air ; and thus the wound, protected from atmospheric influence, heals by the first intention But now wc find this curious compound employed successfully in the cure of the tooth-ache. The cavity of the tooth being cleaned out, a little asbestes, satura ted with collodion, as it is called—to which a little morphis is added—is placed in it. All soon becomes solid ; and thus an excellent stop ping and a powerful anodyne are applied at the same time.” A New Railroad in Indiana —A survey and estimate have just been completed for a railroad from Crawfonlsville to Lafayette, a dis tance of 26i miles and the line is to be put un der contract in the month of May next. Cravvfordsville is about 45 miles lo the north west of Indianapolis, the Capital of the State, and is the seat of Wabash College.—Lafayette is at the head of steamboat navigation on the Wabash river, 310 miles above its junction with the Ohio. This railroad must pay well. European Republicanism. It is a privilege secured to every American citizen, he he capable or otherwise, to pass 1,;, judgment upon the acts of parliament— to con demnthe conduct of kings—and to handle t| le name and character of the absolute monarch with as much familiarity as though they were the property of a household domestic. Indeed the American politician presents a strange mij. turc of affection and hatred, praise and abuse and, to a disinterested eye, and to one but slightly acquainted with our peculiarities, a p O . litical campaign in the United States is a scene of unrivalled confusion. Yet, after the smoke ofthe battle—in which father is arrayed against son, and brother against brother— has died awav the conflicting parties are friends again, and' they dwell together in domestic peace and tu n . quility until some new object for difference ap. pears, and then they are marshalled up again for the struggle of opinion. The man who enters the party list as a candidate for office, must consent to be both over-rated and defamed— hi, friends will attribute to him qualifications f ar above reality ; his foes will decry him just as far below the truth—all will ransack, from his infancy up, e.very act which lie has committed in public stations and in private life : his friends will manufacture, from this material, the most faultless piece of human perfection, his enemies will carve out, from the same source, a monster too hidious for contemplation. Notwithstanding all this, the public servant of the sovereign pen. pie is a position respected, honored, and aspired to by all. If the American citizen, then, indulges in so many accusations against his own countrymen if he handles thus roughly the peisonal property of his own kinsmen—the foreign statesman, and especially the monarchical government may ej. pect but. little kindness, or at least but litt e res pect for the mailed coats of ranks and titles “My Lord” of Great Britain receives no more deference than our last candidate for State Le. gislature, and Her Majesty rarely receives as much respect as the soubriquet of some viiiaoe belle. To one so far distant from the scene of recent tumults, unprejudiced by the likes and dislikes of trans-Atlantic politicians, and withal pos sessed ofthe native art of levelling ranks and talcs, the affairs of Europe, during the last eighteen months, have furnished an interesting j and profitable theme for speculation. When monarchy received its first formidable threat,and ■ the flame of Republicanism expelled the Citizen King of France, the unanimous voice of rfci * people of the United States re-cchoed the enthc- 1 siastic shout of “Long live the Republic oil France!” and everything gave token of the me-1 cess of the Democracy in the land of Lamar- j tine. But the events of a few weeks served to 1 cast a gloom over these enlivening hopes, and I it soon became an engrossing query, whether J the French people, worried with internal div * sions and domestic strifes, and inability to es- j tablish a permanent government, would not n | the end, relapse into a state of anarchy even j more deplorable than monarchy itself. The si restless spirit of the masses, and the low rffcoh- I quest were soon manifested in the expedition j contrived against the Austrians—and more Int- j tcrly, France has, either hy a .capricious desire J almost unaccountable, or a want of foresight mi- I tirely unpardonable, elevated to her Chief Ma-1 gistracy n near kinsman of the most dangerous 9 enemy toher permanent interests which she hail ever had. What will he the result of this »a if vering policy is difficult to imagine, but the 9 omens ofthe future bode little good to the rapid | advancement of true Republicanism in France I England, soothed into temporary quiet by the * overawing influence of pecuniary strength, and the tyrannic threats and hypocritical promised lordly oppressors, and discouraged by the fain, ; success of her neighbors across the channel, ltt> netveless beneath the grasp of insatiate rulen j and heaps up the glittering pile for the rich, bjj draining the pockets of the poor, and, helpless 9 in her despondency, mourns over tile distracted m energy of her disbanded Chartists. Italy, writhing beneath the clash of eodesus ■ tical interests, and torn by ambitious factions, is 51 opening the way for conquest, and growing j weaker to repel the incursions of the common 1 enemy. Disunited at home, they are immi nently threatened by wars abroad. Austria, diverted from domestic insurrection, | feasts upon the airy realities of imaginary victo rtes, and gloats over the prospect of a richly pro- Stable plundering trip to the Italian States. Russia, ever bold in self-esteem and bombas- I tic parade, reviews her thousands of armed aol-|j diers, preparatory to lending aid to Rome, con-fil quering Austria, and overwheimning Turkey, pj all of which enterprises she contemplates for the j comfortable exercise of her idle garrisons. Turkey, quieted hy the salutary efforts of her government, calmly awaits the attack of the j northern spear. Spain, infested with robbers, and stirred u| I hy influential mal-cuiitents, is on the eve m | civil war. But from all it is to ho feared, the in- j terests of true Republicanism will receive but I little aid. As France was first to spread dijc-' aef and confusion, she must he the first, on thcT.'t- ; ropenti continent, to give a practical demonsW tion ofthe value of the rights of man. Recov f.ry of the Jewels Stolen from Tin Patent Office .—The Scientific A nierican “ the Jewels stolen out of the Patent Officeha (l ; been recovered. They were found by M. C. Smith in the house of a man named H«* ry B. Jones, No. 11 Pike st., in this city. TMj were found last Thursday the sth inst. Asti covered there were of various sizes, 143 Pearl' l together with three pounds of gold in b> ,! found buried in the cellar. One large holds' Otto of Rose, containing nearly a quart, wns J so found. The original bottle had been suM 1- luted by the one found—The scabbard of d* sword which had been presented to Comnio<l' ir ' Biddle by the Emperor of Russia, and a? 11 ' snuff box presented by the Emperor/if Miif**’ co, had been melted down into bars. The" 1 ' tings of the diamonds and pearls had been ,e moved and deposited in a tin box. Whntn n,s tilation the rascals have been guilty of.