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SAVANNAH REPUBLICAN. Wednesday Evening, Dec. 11, 1^81 G, ■ r l > i i C==~ '■ ——- PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. From the National Intelligencer Extra, 3d instant. This day, at 12 o'clock, the President of the United States transmitted, to both Houses\>f Congress, tne fol lowing Message, by Mr. I odd, his Secretary-. Fellow-citizens of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives, In reviewing the present state f Qur country, our attention cannot be witnheld lhe * etfect nroduced bv peculiar seasons, winch have very gen erally impaired the annual gifts of the earth and threaten Scarcity in particular districts. Such however, 1S the va riety of soils, of climates, and of products, w»tj.m t<ur ex tensive limits, that the aggregate resources for subsis tence, are more than Sufficient tor the aggregate wants. And as far as an economy of consumption, more than usu al may he necosSarv, our thankfulness is due to Provi dence for what is far move than a compensation, in the remarkable health which li..s distinguished the present ' Amidst the advantages which have succeeded the peace of Europe, and that of the United States with Great Bri tain, in a general invigoratian of industry among us and fo the extension of our commerce, tne value of wh.cn is more and more disclosing itself to commercial nations, it is to be regretted that a depression is experienced by par ticular branches of our manufactures ana by aport.onuf our navigation. As the lust proceeds in an essential de cree from an excess of imported merchandize, w.nch carries a*check in its own tendency, the cause, m its pre sent extent, cannot be of very long duration The evil will not, however, be viewed by congress, without a re jection, ^at manufacturing establishments if suffered tosh* too low, or languish too long, may not revive, af ter die causes shall hav e ceased, and that, m the vic.s*!- tudes ofhumin affairs, situations may recur, mwln.ha dependence oil foreign sources, for uuhspensable sup- plKay be among the most serious embarrasmems P The depressed state of our navigation is to be ascribed, in a material degree, to its exclusion from the colonial parts cff thTnation most extensively connected with us in com merce andtromthe indirect operation of that exclusion. P^tv.m.s to the late convention at London, between the (United States and Greater ham, the relative state o Ihe navigation laws of the two countries, growing out of IZ ft'tvof 1794 had given to the British navrgaUon a the treaty . ^ tbe .American, in the inter Course^between foe American ports and British ports in Europe The convention of -London eqaai- iTed the laws of the two countries, relating to loose ports leaving the intercourse between our ports and the ports’ of the S British oolomes, subject, as-before, to die respective regulations of the parties. I he Brm.h go- respec , „rr now regulations which prohibit a toPde m be n tween its ponies and . the United States, * Ame- vessels, whilst they permit a trade m Bntish vessels, the American navigation loses accordingly, and the loss is augmented by the advantage which is given to tne Britifh competitioioOver the American in the navigation between our ports a*d British ports in Europe, by the circuitous voyages, enjoyed by tie onc. andrmt enjoyed by The reasmiab 1 ene9s of the rule of reciprocity, applied to one branch of the.commercial intercourse, has been pressed on our, part as equally applicable to botlb branches: but it is ascertained, thgt the British cabinet declines all negdeiatinn on die subject; with a disav owal however, of any disposition to yiew jn an un&wiuH*- lie^ht whatever countervailing. regulations the-Xnttc& Suite’s may oppose to the regulations of which they com- nlain The wisdom of the legislature will decide on the course, which, Uftder these circumstances, is prescribed bv a joint regard-to the amicable relations between the two nations, and to the just interests of the United [ have the satisfaction to sfjv^e, generally, that lin in amity with foreign f*>Vtrs . . _ .. An occurrence has-?Gideed, takeKplace in the Gulf Mexico, which if sanctioned by-the Spanish govern- >nt may make an exception as to that power. Acc.wt- ng to the report of our naval commander, on that sta in one of our public armed vessels was attacked by overpowering force, under a Spanish commander, d the American flag, with the officers and crew, in- Ited, in a manner calling for prompt reparation. This a been demanded. In the mean time,, a frigate and taller vessel of war have been ordered intq that Gulf, r the protection of our commerce. It u ould he im- oper to ornitj that the representative of his Catholic aiesty, in the United States, lost no time in giving the -ongest assurances, that no hostile order could have lariated from his government, and that it wid be as adv to do as to expect, whatever the nature of the case ,d the fnendi/’relations of the two countries, shad be und to require. ■ ■ . . „ The posture of our affairs with Algiers, at the present omeiTt, is not known. T* Boy,. dr-wing pretexts om circumstafices for which the^United States were not iswerabie, addressed a letter to this government, de wing the treaty last concluded with him, to have been mulled by our violation of it; and presenting, as die tentative, war, or a renewal of the former treaty, which initiated, among other tilings, an annual tribute. The swer, with an explicit declaration that the United atfes preferred War to tribute, required his recognition d- observance of the treaty last made, which abolishes bute, and the slavery of our captured citizens. The suit of the answer has not been Tcceived- Should he new his warfare ofr-© up- commerce, we rely on the ©tection it will find in our naval force actually in the editerranean. . . With the other Birbary states, our affairs have under- ne no change. . . .. The Indian tribe station our limits-appear also dispos- to remain at peace. From several of them purchases lands have been made, particularly favorable to the shes and security of our frontier settlements; as well to the general interests of the nation. Ip some install- s, the titles, though not supported by due proof, and ashing those of one tribe with the claims of another, ,ve been extinguished by double purchases; the benev- ent policy of the United States preferring the augmen- O expense to the hazard of doing injustice; or to the iforcement of justice, against a feeble and untutored ople, by means involving ©r threatening an effusion of ood. I am happy to add,, that the tranquility which is been restored among the tribes themselves, as well between them and our own population, will favor tne sumption of the work of civilization, which had made i encouraging progress-among some tribes; and that The cility is increasing, for extending that divided and dividual ownership, which exists now in moveable ■operty only, to the soil itself; an<k-of establishing the culture arid improvement of if, the triie foundation r a transit from'the habits ©fill?savage, to the arts and unforts of social life* j, ’ai-t- * - At a subject of the highest ;T!.norta»ice to the pation- wi lfare, I must, again, earm stiy recommend to the msidefation of Congress, a re-organization of the mi- ia, on a plan which will form it into classes, according the periods of life more and less adapted to military rvicek. An efficient militia is authorised and contem- atedby the constitution, and required by the spirit and fety of free government. The present organization of ir militia is universally regarded as less efficient than ought to be made;-:and no Organization can be better lculated to giye to it its d.« force, than a classification K lc h wlil assign the foremost place in the defence of e country to that portion of its citizens, whose, activ- . jhjd animation best enable them to rally to its stand- J Besides the consideration that a time of peace is e time when the change can be made with most cofi- nience and equity, itwUlnowbe aided by the expen se of a recent war, in which thenulita bore so mfor- Conirces'i'wQl call to mind, that no adequate provision i vet been mad* for die unifownity of weights and mea- also contemplated by tile constitutionThe great llit y of a standard, fixed * its fixture, awi founded on , easy rule of decimal proportions, is sufficiently obvi- a It led the government, at an early stage, to pre- ratory steps fiw introducing it* and a completion of I vok will be to ^public gratitude, we re- The importance which I have attached to the estab lishment of g, University within this District, on a scale and for objects worthy of the American nation, induces ne to renew my recommendation of it, to the favorable consideration of Congress: Aad I particularly invite again their atlention to the expediency of exercising their ex isting powers, and where necessary, of resorting to the prescribe d mode of enlarging them, in order to effectu ate a comprehensive system of roads and canals, such as will have Ihe effect of drawing more closely together every part of our country, by promoting intercourse and improvements, and by increasing the share of every part ill the common stock of national prosperity. Occurrences having taken place which shew that the .statutory provisions for the dispensation of criminal jus tice, are deficient in relation both to places and to persons under the exclusive cognizance of the national authoritv; aiVAraendment of.the law, embracing such cases, u ill merit the earliest attention of the legislature. It will hi a Reasonable occasion, nls", for inquiring how far legis lative interposition may be further ixijciwie in providing penalties for o.'fences designated in the constitution or in ihe statutes, and to v, hi;!: eilher no penalties are an nexed, or none with . ..leient certainty. And I submit to the v. i dpni of Congress, whether a more enlarged re- visal of the criminal code be not ex, salient, for the pur pose of mitigating, in certain cases, penalties which were adopted into it antecedent to • xpeilmcnts .,nd ex.unpies which justity anti recommend a more lenient pouev. The United States having- been tiie first to abolish with in the extent of their authority, the transportation of the natives of Africa into slavery, fcv prohibiting, the intro duction of slaves, and by punishing their citizen ', parti cipating in tin- traffic, cannot I ut be gratified at the pro gress made by concurrent efforts of other nations, to wards a general suppre ssion ot so great ;in evil. They must feel, at the sum:: u:..e_. the . real. r solicitude, to g.ve the fullest efficacy to li. ir oar, regulations. With that view, the interposition of Congress appears to be requir ed, by. the violations and evasions which, it is suggested, are chargeable on unworthy citizens who mingle in the slave trade under foreign flags, and ■frith foreign ports; and by collusive importations of slaves into the U.iited States through adjoining ports and territories. I present ■The subject to Corgread," with a full assurance of their disposition to apply all the remedy which tail be a horded by an amendment of the law. The regulations which were intended to guard against abuses of a kindred cha racter, in tile trade between the several states, ought also to be rendered-mofie effectual for their humane object. Tq these recommendations, I add, for the considera tion of Gongress, the expediency of a re-modification of the'judiciary establishment, and of an additional depart ment in the executive i/Vaiich of the government. ' The first is called for* by the accruing business, which necessarily swells tiie Juries of the federal courts, and by the great and widening space, within which justice 19 to be dispensed by them. The. time seems to have ar rived,-which claims for numbers of the supreme court a relief from itinerary fatigtfes, incompatible, as well with the age which a portion of them will always have attain ed as with the researches and preparations which are due to their stations, and to the juridical reputation of their country. And considerations equally cogent require a more convenient organization of the subordinate tribu nals, which may be accomplished without an objectiona ble Increase of the number or exgCTce of the judges. The extent and variety of executive business, also ac cumulating with the progress of our country, and its gtsatfing population, call for pfi Additional department, to be charged with duties now overbm ilcning other de partments, and with such as' have not been annexed to any ^epaftinent. The caurse of experience recommends as another im provement in the executive est ablishment, tjjat the pro vision for the station of attorney general, whose resi dence at the seat of government, official connections with it, and management of the public business before the judiciary, preclude an extensive participation in pro fessional emoluments, be made more adequate to nis services and his relinquishments; and that, with a view to his reasonable accommodation, ami to aproperdepo- sitoxy of his official opinions and proceedings, there be included in ti.e provision the usu..i appurtenances to a public office. In directing the legislative attention- to the state of the finances, it is a subject of great gratification to find, that, even within the short period which has elapsed since the return of peace, the revenue has far exceeded all the cur rent demands upon the treasury, and th^t, under any probable diminution of its future annual produet, which the vicissitudes of commerce may occasion, it will afford an ample fund for the effectual and early extinguish ment of die public debt. It has been estimated, that tim ing the year 1816, the actual receipts of revenue at The treasury, including the balance at the cominencenjent of tiie year, and excluding the proceeds of ffoanstind treasury notes, will amount to about tiie sum gf forty se ven millions of dollars; that during the same year, the ac tual payments at the treasury including the payment ol the arrearages of the’War department, as well as tiie pay ment of a co isiderable exi oy-, bey ond the annual appro priation, will amount to abSiil the sum of thirty eight mil lions of dollars; and that, consequently, at the close of the year, there will be a surplus in tne treasury of about the sum of nine millions of dollars. Ihe op< rations of the treasury continue to he obstruct ed by difficulties, arising from the condition of the na tional currency; but they have, nevertheless, been efieclu- al, to a beneficial extent, in the reduc'ion of the public debt, and the establishment of the public credit. The floating debt of treasury notes, and to npurary loans, w ill soon be entirely discharged. The ag; -'ale ol the funded debt, compos d of debts incurred da. mg die wars of 1776 and of 1812, has been estimated, wim reference the first of January next, at a sum not exceeding one hundred and ten millions of dollars. The ordinary an nual expenses of the government, for the maintenance of all its institutions, civil, military, and naval, have been estimated at a suni less than twenty five millions of dol lars. And the .permanent revenue, to he derived from all the existing sources, has been estimated ut a sum of about twenty-five millions of dollars. Upon this general view of the subject, it is obvious^ that there is only wanting to the fiscal prosperity of the, government, the restoration of an uniform medionrof ex change. The resources and the frith of the nation, dis played in the system which congress has establi .lied, en sure respect and confidence both at home and aoroa —- The local accumulations of tile revenue have already en abled the treasury to meet the public engagements in fi.e lo c ai currency of mqst of the states; and it is expected that the same cause will produce the same effect, through out the union. But, for the interests of theicoiiununity at large, as well as for the purpose of the treasury,-it is essential that the nation should po- si ss a currency bf equal value, credit and use, wherever it may circulate.— The constitution has entrusted congress, exclusively, with the poWer of creating and regulating a currency of that description; and the measures which were taken du ring the last session, in execution of the power, give every promise of success. The bank of the United States has been organised under auspices the most iavorable, and cannot fail w be an important auxiliary to those meas ures. For a more enlarged view of the public finances, with a view of the measures pursued by the treasury depart ment, previous to the resignation of the late secretary', 1 transmit an extract from tiie last report of that officer.— Congress will perceive in it, ample proofs of the solid foundation on which the financial prosperity of the nation rests; and will do justice to the distinguished ability' ana successful exertions with which the duties of the depart ment Were executed during a period remarkable for its difficulties and its peculiar perplexities- The period of my retiring from the public service, be ing at littie distance, I shall find no occasion mote oi-oper than the present, for expressing to my fellow citizeiis mv deep sense of the continued confidence and kind support which I have received from them. My grateful recollec tion of these distinguished marks of their favorable regard can never cease; and, with the consciousness, that if I have hot served my country with great ability, I have ser ved it with a sincere devotion will accompany me as ** source of unfailing gratification. Happily, I shall carry W'itli me from the public theatre other sources, which tlios# who love their country most will best appreciate. 1 shall behold it blessed with tran quility and prosperity at home, and with peace and res pect abroad. I can indulge the proud reflection, that the American people have reached in safety and success their fortieth year as an independant nation; that for near ly an entire generation, they have had experience of their prjgent qorutitution, jfic etypripg Of U&sjistfffeed deliberations and of their free choice; that they havgfound it to bear the trials of adverse as well as prospc+oiis cir-. cumstances to contain, in its combination of the federate and" elective principles, a reconcilement of public slr< ngth with individual liberty, of national power for the defence of national rights, with a security against wars of injui^ice, of ambition, or of vain glory, in the fun damental provision which subjects all questions; of war to the will of the nation itself, which is to pay its costa and feel its calamities. Nor is it less a peeuiiVr felicity of this constitution so de..r to us all, tiiat k is.fiiu.-id to be capable, without losing its vital energies, of expanding itself over a spacious territory, with the increase, and expansion, of the community for whose benefit it Was established. And may I not be allowed to add to this gratifv ir.g spec tacle. that I shall read, m the cliaractef or ehe Ann. neap people, in their devotion to true liberty and to the con-- stitntion which is its palladium, sure presages, that die ucs-incd career ot my c Tuury will exhibit a government pursuing the public good ax hs sole objertj and reguiat- ing ns means by tne great principles consecrated in its charter, and by those moral principles-to wnich they are so wed allied: A government wnieh \, p ..tch-S ov:;r the purite »,i elections, the freedom - f speech and of ti.e pn ss. .ie tral by jury,: ml die equal interdict agar s', en croachments and Ci.aipi.e’k between religion arnl me state, which maintains inviolably the maxims ed' public faith, t he security ot persons and property and encour ages, me very authorised mode, that general diffusion of* Knowledge wh.c^guarantees to p-.hl.c liberty Us penna- l,.d to Those who possess tiie messing, '.he true e-jowi.eot ,f. ; A government which avoids intrusions OH t.ie ■■Jilemal reprise oi other nati-ms, and repels them tiom us o vlip winch does justice to ail nations v/iih a rca. ..It ss.yqma to tiie firmness witii which it requires justice iiqan them; and which, v. lu st it refines us do mes, ic eode from every ingredient not congcim 1 with the precepts of an enlightened age, with the senuiitei is ot a Vii-ui, ms people, seeks, by appeals to reason, and by its libergl .examples, to infuse into the law v. hich governs- the civilized world a spirit which may diminish the fre quency, or circumscribe the calamities of War, and mtiio- r.tte the social and beneficent re! ‘->ns iff peace; a gov. ernment, in a word, whose conduct within and wiii.out. may bespeak the most noble tit ail ambitions, that of n\* moting peace on earth and good will to man. 1 Lose contemplations, sweetening' the remnant of my days, will animate my prayers fur the happiness of my beloved country', and a perpetuity of the institutions uqder which it is enjoyed. Jam ns M., a i ,o.\. Washivoton City, December 3. Both Houses of Cunohesn formed quorum yesterday t a large majority of both beung- present. Nothing but business of course was done in either House, if we except the early bio-.v aimed at the unfor tunate compensation law, w hich is no duht destined l* an ymiiinciy end. • We understand th *, the Minister of Fiiaxce has, since his arrival in tt*js city, been favorably received by the Pre sident. Whatever difference of opinion there may have been on a delicate subject, intimately connected with our institutions, respecting which it is difficult for foreign governments to form correct opinions, w e cannot doubt, after the friendly explanations which it is understood have taken place, that just sentiments will be entertained respecting them, and that no interruption will occur in tiie amicable relations existing between ti.e United States and liis Most Christian Majesty. The legislature of Indiana have elected the following gentlemen electors of President and Vice-President, by the v ote below, the whole number of votes given in being 27: * b J. B. ffollman - - - - 36 Thomas 11. Blake - - - 36 Gen. Bartholomew - ... 24 Those gentlemen are all republicans, and will support Monroe and I omkins. Mr Blake is well known in ibie City, whence he emigrated to the western country about two years ago. A resolution has passe J one branch of the legislature of Massachusetts. :iu,l another lias been introduced into the legislature ot \ irginia, strongly censuring the con gressional compensation law, and instruotingthe Senators and representatives iu use their exertions to procure its repeal. .Steam Presses.—A French paper contains the follow, ing: In England steam presses continue to succeed, and several Journals employ them. They are of three sorts; the single preBs, which throws off from 90ti to 1000 co pies an hour; the double press, winch in die same tunc throws off to the amount of 1,600 copies: and the perfect press, which makes register of itself, w ithout the use of points mutilating the paper. The working of one of these presses, which despatch us much work as 21 press men and 12 presses (an exaggeration) requires oney the labor of a man anil a br>y to place and take off the sheets. Their first mover is the s’eam engine, which cost about 120 Louis, but fur'Which the burning of coals is indis- icn.- ide. It -vouin b- useless f u employ wood in it; ami die former of these combustibles can only be replaced de water or horse power. These tm s.w s have not yet bee introducedimo Germany, but some public Journals pre- pose to employ thc.u. 1 Canandaigua, Movenvi&r 10. We are sun v to hear from Lake Ontario that f'BVjjKhotmer.s were driven ashore and lost near Cape Vincent, during the late violent gales. Considrable damage has been sustained in the loss of property, but happily the lives of all on board were saved. The French marshal count Grouchy, passed through tliis village on Sunday last, on his rout t.» New.Vork, from a vi=.it to the fails of .Niagara COM MEXD ABLE PROM PTITUOE. As soon as it vvas known to the governor of the Mississippi Teritory, that an du^age had been committed by a ripanLh squadron on the United States’ schooner Firebrand, he forewith issued a general order ior a detail from the ryiit- tia under his command, of 12 companies, of in fantry, to be prepared and held iu readiness to march at the shortest notice, requirelffg also the cavalry, and companies of artillery to hold them selves ready to take the lidd when ordered.-,- aVurfoik Herald. 'f His excellency Jonathan Russell, our late minister at the court of Sweden, arrived atProvi- dence on Friday last. He has brought out a commercial treaty with Sweden, signed at Stocknolm, September 5, and it is reported a like treaty with Denmark.—Boston Daily Ad vert issr. —— Huntsville, October 8, 1816. All white men sealing on Cherokee lands and who have not a written permit from the .Agent ot the nation, are hereby ordered to drive off their stock within twenty days, and remove themselves and families within thirty days after the date ot this. All individuals not attending to this notification, and those who may be found, hereafter trespassing on the Cherokee Territory, wjll be prosecuted to the extent of the law, an*4 their stock forfeited to Lire public. ' ANDREW JACKSON, Major General Commanding. On Wednesday la«t, the honorable James Fen* ler, Thomas G. Pitman, Edward Wilcox, esqs. republicans, were chosen by the freemen of this state, electors of president and vice-president of the United States, without OPPOaiUOtt—Ifcoiri- cfencp Fatriot t 234 nit.