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I (jj ■ ■'urn nit, ~pt savannah bepubuidan. , ' 9 .. . . - Saturday Morning, July 4, 1818. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, FREE, SOVEREIGN AND INDEPENDENT. it ‘•UffTKTt.brr. Aymcui! the laws, the rights, The gencrou* plan <4 power deliwRd down, From age to age, b> yew renowu'd forcfalben, (•o dear!) bought, the price of 10 much blood.) u let it neerr perish in Tuca hands! lint piously transtr.i' it to >nur children, po ihou. Great Lib.iv! Inspire our sruls. Ami make our live, in thy possession happy. Or our dca'.ns pto.iuua in thy defence.” * ^ Before we shall bare an or pportuoity to address our readers, the day, which Shines] aud perfidy, scarcely paralcllctl ttitrrt resplendent, in the calender of Republics; tlic day, which ought, aa long as we j head of a civilized nation. at f> or ffrfir eierci ;<h* State remaining in the mean time, exposed Vo oil the tW of iurasion froa without, ami convulsions within. ., He has endearnreii lo prevent the population of these states; for that purpose ©b- atcnctine the laws for oaturalization of foreigners: refusing to past others, t*> enena- ,»} t i lC , f ,nigra-Ln hither, ajul raising tlie conditions of new appropriations of lauds. tie has distracted the utitah^straiiou uf justice, by refusing hi* assent to lows, lor est i blisbingjndkiAfy powers. tie has mild judges dependent on his will alone, for the tenure si their offices, and thsmnount And payment ot their salaries. He his erected a multitude of new o.ncf.,, and sent hither swarm* or officeis, to har- rassour people and eat oot tlirir sub-tance. He lias kept among us, in time, of peace, standing armies, without the consent of our tie has affected to render the military independent of, and superior to, the civil power. * . He has combined with others, to subject us to a jurisdiction, foreign to our Constitu tion, and unacknowledged by our laws; giviug bis assent to their acta of pretended It- gislation:— Fur quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:— Fur protecting them, by a atock trials Irom punivhmeat for any murders, which they should commit oa the inhabitants of these States:— For cutltLgoffonr trade with all parta of the world:— For imposing taxes on ns Without Mr consent:— F«r depriving us, in many cases, of the benefit of trial by jury:— Fur transporting us beyond seas, to be tried for pretended utYeuce,:— Fur abolishing the free system of English law in a neighboring province, establishing therein no arbslrary government, and enlarging its boundaries so a* to render it at once uu example and fit instrument, fur i ntroducin* tne same absolute rule into 1 hese colonies. For taking away our chariots, abolishing our must Valuable laws, and altering lun- datnentally tlie forms of our governments:— For susprndlagour own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power, to legislate for us iu alt cases whatsoever. lie has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his protection, and wagin war against us. 11c has plundeied our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people. He is, at this lime, transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to complete the works of death, desolation, and tyranny, already begun, with circumstances of cruelty ‘ iu the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy t lire free, to excita the most animated emotions of Americans, will have dawned upon %*. . Forty-three years have now elapsed since the fathers of our country, in Congress a, arinblevt, appealed'to Heaven for the rectitude of their intentions, declared that the ’’ United States were, and, of right, ought to be, free, sovereign and independent; ami He lias constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the high seas, to bear arms against ihi-ir country, to become the executioners ui their friend* and brethren, or ‘ fall themselves try their hands. He has excite! domestic insbrrections amongst us, and has endeavored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian savages, whose kuowu rule ut war during this period of time, Wiiat awful events have desolated the civilized world! Em-1 fare is an u -distinguished destruction to all ages, sexes and conditions ^ires have arisen and have fallen—kings and princes have been led to scaffolds and to dungeons—have been driven to brggary and exile—their crowns have emblazoned othe/ brows—their sceptre* have sparkled in other hands. Amid evonts so awful ami tremendous, our own form of government has still been preserved inviolate—new states • hive been added to the cnnhilrrary—our dominions has been daily expanding and enlarging—(he recesses of the forests have been thrown open to the eye of day, ami the spires ot temples are now triumphantly glittering over the haunts of savage beast < and still more savage man. Is there one man with an American heart heating in hi Visom, who it an eye witness to this animating scene, and does not feel grateful t. find lor such extended merries—is there one who is not ready to exclaim, that the di vine benedictions on An.erira are only to be rivalled by those awful judgments tin have been passrd on other nations! Though the storm of war has recently beat upu our shores—though the voice of disaffection fur a moment darkened our horizon—yet • kind Providence has restored to as the blessings of peace—and unusual trani|uilitv every where reigns, tier*. n.„»<•■.<*,i«a •■■•Mnsuisi ■. hi»!.!« ...a...' teasful in every stage of these oppressions, we have petitioned lor redress, in the most hum •te terms; our petitions have been atisweied only by repeated injury. A prince whose character is thui marked, by every act, which may define a tyrant, is uuht to be the euler of a free people. ' Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have warned them, from time to time, of attempts made by their legislature, to extend an unwarrant .rule jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigre tion and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred, to disavow these usurp itions, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too, have been deaf to the voice ofjustice anil consanguinity. We must therefore ac <|uiei>ce in the necessity, which denounces our separatum, and hold them as we hold the rest of mankind—enemies in war;—in peace, friends. We, therefore, the Representative* of the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, in Here, representative government is highly venerated, and in su/-1 central Congress assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world, for the rec operation. Here* civil and religious liberty is sacred, guaranteed by the Con-1 “tude of ourintentions, llo, in the name and by the authority of the good Pboplb of Siitution anil the laws. Here, no haughty monarch, no aspiring duke or lord trample. I these colonies, solemnly publish anti declare, that thfse Usneu Colonies. are, and upon the rights of the people, and grinds them by oppression. Here, the oppressed of I 0F KltilIT ovght to bk, FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES; that they are ab- VV Arid finals an aowlttm fanits tliu nnnsocane llurB emit* an iki. L . 1.14-1.1 I . _ 1. ■ ■ • . I II. *a!..L I I. a: _ I slaaa. W — the Old World finds an asylum from the oppressor. Here only, on this habitable globe, are genuine freedom and pure republicanism known. Hail, happy people! and ••Thrice happy land! where sacred freedom thrives, Jf friend of the opprest, and guardian of our lists; Fairopr amaz'd! beholds lh> rising fame. And unknown land* thail long revere thy name.” Such, fellow-citizens, is the situation of our Country, and its genius looks from her dSrone of rl.iud-cant mountains across the Atlantic, and exclaims, AMERICANS ARE FREE! . Assembled, fellow-countrymen, aa yon will be this day, to commemorate tbe Birth of Independence, forget nut the band which has succoured you in adversity, and made 4hc op n-beam* or prosperity to shine bright upon yon. Let us call to mind the distin guished goodness uf Providence which she has displayed solved from all allegiance to the Uriiikh crown, and that all political connection, be tween them and tlie stale of G>eat-Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and thal, as Free and Independent States, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances; establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which inde pendent states may of right do. And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor. Signed by order anil iu behalf of tile Congress. . Jons Hancock. President. Attested. Cuaiu.es Thumps-in, Hec'ry. •Vrip-J/nm/'shire.—Josiah Bartlett, William Whipple, Mathew Thornton Massachusetts Bay.—Samuel Adams, John Adams, Robert Treat Paine, Elbridgc toward* as. Let ingratitude. | Gerry. ■ --r ■ llhode-Island, Jfc —Stephen Hopkins, William Ellery, Connecticut.—Roger Sherman, Samuel Huntington, William Williams, Oliver Wolcott. JWio-Forit.—William Floyd, Philip Livingston, Francis Lewis, Lewis Morris. A>ic-Jersey.—Richard Stockton, John Witherspoon, Francis Hopkinaon, John Hart, Abraiiam Clark. Pennsylvania —Robert Morris, Bepjemin Rush, Benjamin Franklin, John Morton / appeal, when they nobly dared to rebel against tyranny and usurpation—it equally I George Cfvrirer, James Wilson, George Ross. •Itikca us as the most deeply interesting pioduction with which human wisdom and I Delaware.—Caesar Rodney,Thomas M*Kean, George Read. intemperance and profanity be strangers to our breasts. Let party feelings be laid asid<, I but American sentiments predominate; and the only strife be who shall Uo most to per-1 petuate the benign influence uf LtAMtrr to generations yet unborn. I On this day it has been customary to publish the Declaration of AmrricanJndepen- dence. We take opportunity to do so. Whether we regard it, as a monument dr-1 ttined to preserve to a particular people the memory of their own inestimable birth-1 right—or as an illustrious precedent to which every oppressed nation of the earth may 1 wirtue have blessed the race of man. Suffice it to say, that no philanthropic foreignei ill ever read it without admiration and applause; nor any true American listen to it I Without emotions of sympathy and of gratitude to his forefathers. ; Let us, then, countrymen, preserve this Independence, till “the Angel, who stand-1 «th with one foot on the sta, and the other on the land, shall swear by IliM,wbolivetli [ “ lot ever aud ever, that time shall be no longer.’* DECLARATION Maryland Samuel Chase, Wm. Paca,Thomas Stoue, Charles Carrol,of Carrolton Virginia George Wythe, Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jcffersuu, Benjamin Harrisop, Thomas Nelson, jun. Francis Lightfoot Lee, Carter Braxton. North Carolina.—William Hooper, Joseph Ilewos, John Penn. South Carolina.—Edward Rutledge, Thutnas Heyward, jun. Thomas Lynch, jun Arthur Middleton. Georgia.—Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, George Walton. OF 1 INDEPENDENCE. IN CONGRESS, JULY 4, 1770- | py the Ih-pmsentatices of the United States of America, in Congress assembled. P A DECLARATION: SPLE.SD1D VICTOR17/ Djr the arrival of the ship Woodrop Sims, at naltimare, in jJdajn Dun Buenos Ayres, accounts liaTe been received of a splendid victory gained over tbe llojabsls in Chili. On the 19th April tbe city oflluenoa Ayres was brilliantly illuminated, and upwards of 1000 cannon were fired on tbc occasion. Below will be found a detail of par- t.culars. The Peruvian army, of 7000 men, war completely destroyed; all killed, wounded or ta ken prisoners. Tbe Patriot losa is estimated at 1009 killed. Tbe battle was fought on the plains of Maipo, on the Slh of April, 1818. At tbe present time, the lover of rational libetti may direct bis eye, with advantage, to the sou.h ern section of Uic continent, and contemplate a When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powersof tne eacth.'the separate and equal station to which the laws of | ZsSZwe oec„ future and nauireS God entitle them, a decent respect for the opinions of mankind, I - , . . requires, thatther should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. Ta n ' oX ' lMn -^ DUnd>n B W n " BlUkJUlftrec truths to be self-evident—that all men are created equal; that * 5 7“ ny ° f i *l , | ui, of despotism, andtbe cruelty ol de- ** * — q 03 tl *t I liberate persecution; whose manifold injuries f.r early conquest of Chili, now rout* d and IMPORTANT! From the Baltimore Federal BtfmhUean, Tune 25. We have been politely favored by a friend with Buenos-Ayreaa papers to ;hr 20th of April, from which a gentleman ol of this city has obligingly furnished us with the subsequent TIU.VILAT.'OS! Buekos-Ayres, April 19. FROM CDILI Friday—It is now-4 o’clock—the air is filled with shouts of joy, the roar uf can non and theringingof bells—We ha vs ob tained a complete victory in Chili!— 1500 prisoners, all their artillery, their baggage, their general officers, a general called Or donez, are in our hands,—the pledget of victory. The miserable remnant of at. army, that a few hours since promised an ed by tlirir Creator with certain unalienable rights: that among these and the pursuit of hap(rine»s. That, to secure these rights, govern uted among men, deriving tlirir just powers from the consent of the go wkeuever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is fliuright of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute a new government, laying it, foundation on such principle*, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them anatl «ecm most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will licUt^Ttil&tgoTcrnincnts long established, should not be changed for light and tran- J. nt causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more dispot- H) to suffer, while evil* are suffrrablr, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms d. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pur-, It * Governor of Ceorgm, ha, ject, evince, a design to reduce Uiem under absolute des- forWdcd l0 ^ geneni , p.vernmea,. ^Trited potism, <* w *" l, r r . , 8' ,, » ■* ,r . '* M, J Sue ! 1 6 0T *rnmenl, and to provide ien!0ntunc » ^-ainitUK: cwductof gen. Jttkw>n f e*r euardk lor their future security. Such has been the patient suflcrence of these I • and such is now the necessity which constrains then to alter their former | — vstem-i of government- The history of the present king of Great-Britain, is a history rf repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an m lolute tyranny over these States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid JJ, 'He has refused his assent to laws, the most wholesome add necessary for the public exceed in number, those which steeled tbe urn* and expanded the heart, of those who first raised the American Republican Standard in opposition to the dictate* of British pride. Let tbe «>mpaUiy of our citizens Tin, jut be direct!d .toward, them, and ardent prayer, be offered up for tbe id cooecrrstioa Of S»ciS Aunus Imxrumxacx! On psnieg the fort at the Narrow,, (date, tbe A*. 7 Gi.salt, 23d uh ) eapt. Newcomb, of tbe Braganza, fired a nlute, which gave rise to a re port, that tbe Wariuagtoo, 74s *a» below. Kra lm fuibidden his governor* to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, I ^ ^^S**** f}L ausaemlrd in their operation, till his assent should be obtained; and, when so *** “' si 1 mMiJcd, UfJkss utterly neglected to attend to them. * myoftfieUmwd Staley buforwmded to tbe Go. ? e bis rcfosotl to paw other laws, for tlie arenaunodation of large districts of peo-1 Ttroor of **“* ***“• * l 1 *** 1 »»the V. 8 Blanch r aa | e ,s those people would relinquish the right of representation in the Legislature | B “* “ “ RWXfc; to be placed, ' [ inrstioublv to thgm, and formidable to (yrjnis only. | w!ien co ^ <xtr ^‘ in ‘h* hand* of major James Al- »»j called together regulative bodies, at places unu-.ua!, uncumforfaWe, and dis- (** E, h**<. - for the pajiaeiit of tbe Georgia E f ro ,n die depository ol their public records, f«r the sole purpose of fatiguing then I ' L complianct Vith hre measures. , * — I He ha* diaaolved Representative Houses repeated !y, for opposing, with manly fra- [m, hi* invasions on the rights ol the perthlr. . lin* aaa refu-ed for a long rime after such dissolutions, to cause others to b* elected; I the cationi of the earth, tbe -y-t c ^ikj the la 0 UUt>re pooers, incapable of auathilaUou, have retarnW to the people | tbe R^oKra^bat been (O' A* we wish our hands to participate ino£* *av which ranked our country roosg fugitive, seeks in vain for escape by flight —our indefinable cavalry are in pursuit. The dead strew the field of battle! Th action lasted 6 hours. It was at the point of the bayonet,—the true weapon for the soldiers of liberty,—that we have over thrown the enemy. Oor loss is incon siderable compared with that of the Span iards. We,caa easily realize it if wc re flect that immediately after the issue «f tire battle, the vanquished experienced the greatest reverse in finding iu their rear die rivers Maipo ami Maule. How, in deed can we conceive that an army, oi rather the remains of an srmy^in disorder could repas* those river,!—Every women- more circumstantial details are'received. It is necessary to see the whole communi ty in clamor and congratulation—the streets thronged with citizens who make die air ring with cries a tnousand time, repeated, viva la patria to witness thb delirium uf joy that prevail,—^to'hear every one shouting and reprating “we are conquerors!”—to form an idea uf tbe general endiona-m which diis news has inspired. All are eager to circulate the glad intelligence—diun*auds ol ri ckets .from every door and teirace, announce -and celebrate our joy—at evening, a com plete aod spontaneous illumination: pru- ongs tee brilliant day, which forever con and tremble,! He !fat rnon Lima will dtvlordi d h rrsclf cf her opprosors; aod, checked only hr a fteble garrison, will vhako off the yoke of teivitudc and raise lira standard of htreity. The in trigues uf imbecility jn Europe 'wilt ho answered here only by cur bayonets. A new courier this evening announces that nil who arc n»t slain are prison era-*— Osorio alone has escaped, and it isAfill expected that he will.be overtaken—in fine, as the hero of our conntrv.say* in his despatches, “the enemies of*Cltiii exist no mure” On die 5th of April, 1818, in the plains of Maipo. was fought this ever memorable action the consequence, of which are in calculable. LATEST FROM ENGLAND. [The English papers received at the nf- Gce of the Franklin Gazette, by the Dido, contain London date, to the.SOUi May, and Liverpool to the 13th. Wt have culled the mo,t interesting commercial, political ami miscellaneous articles from diem* which will be found in ourcolamiu to-day* and shall give further extracts to-morrow. Tlie columns of the English papers are much occupied with discussions concern ing the United States and Spain; the cou rier take* an active pert, and so ignorant are they, that they cull our secretary of slate, Joseph Adams, notwithstanding Mr. Adams nan been minister iu England, re sitting at London, and received notice of his appointment there. We copy one of tho paragraphs trom the Courier, to exhibit dieir course of reasoning, and presume, that when they talk of the ‘jlrniiMt and courage of the Spanish governmentthey had not seen the royal order releasing Mr. Meade. “From the correspondence between tho American secretary, and the Chevalier D'Oiiis, the public will be able to judge of the exorbitant and unreasonable preten tions and claims of the United States upon the kingdom of Spain. The uncourteou* and haughty expressions of Mr. Adama unequivocally betray .the .hostile inten tion of die United State* to compel Spain to acquiesce in.their monstrous demands. It does not, however, always follow, that the apparently strongewt "are in reali ty the most formidable; and experience may prove, that Spain is likely to suffer less, from a war with the North Americans, than the cabinet of Washington imaging- It is true thatpcace, on jsst and fair terms, is most desirable to Spain; but it is equal ly true, that she must run every hazard and and risk of war, rather than submit to ,;ro,s insults and palpable injuries. Ame rica may push her claims too far; and her citizen, may suffer very severely from a temporary rupture, as the ocean is cover ed with Nordi American vessels, which will probably fall into die hands tff Spanish cruizers and privateers. It can uardly be foreseen to which of thq powers the greatest injury would accrue from a war. The extensive trade or tha Americans would hold out a rich and tempting bait to capitalists, to embark in piivateenng, and the North American trade might be des troyed, wilhuutasinglebattle on tlieocean- On the other band, the Americans would threaten the conquest, or emancipation oil South America; but this is more easily said 1 than done. The firmness and courage oC the Spanish nation have been tried undec the oiustprcsing circumstances, and itis not probable, that the cabinet of Madrid will be intimidated into submission to terms which its minister has declared officially to be “inadmissible.” The American govern ment would, therefore, act wisely in per- ferring peace to the attainment of its de mands on Spain, by means even of a sixth months’ war. 1 Che probable estimate of American pro perty, which would fall into tnc hands of privateers, would nut be less than eight millions of pounds sterling in less than six months; while the Spanish property afloat is very inconsiderable, and out expose to rapture by small vessels. Let us hope, then, that tlie American government will lot continue to provoke a war, which Spain must reluctautly embark in, or for feit her respectability and importance in toe eyes of herself and of the world. Let us hope that reflection will produce recon ciliation, and that the American govern* meat will notcontiuue lier efforts to impose •, harsh and inadmissible terms on Spain; be cause she is embarrssed iu her negotiatiuna with Portugal, and involved in an unhappy civil war in her colonies.” FRANCE. We learn, front an authentic source,that council of Ministers was held in Paris, March 2d, 1818, «t which Louis XVIII. presidid. The subject under con rid era tion was the propriety of permitting the return of certain Frenchman proscribed for an attachment to Xapuleon Bonaparte ora sup posed hostility to the present king of France. We nave particular satisfaction in stating that it was determined, by an unanimous vote, to recal the 1st and 2d > lists of the proscribed; the mode aud time were not determined at the date of our ad- vice*. We hope to publish some further details on this subject to-morrow; we will, therefore, only add, that among those in cluded in this act uf amnesty, are the Ex- Director Melrinde Douay and lieutenant General D [l ard, who on their return to France, are to take their seats in the House f peers.—Democratic Press. # FROM INDIA, m d? • The fine fast sailing ship Braganza, cap.- tain Newcomb, arrived here jffsterdaj from Calcutta in 108 days paXsage, with a valuable cargo of cotton, sugar, <jfe- The* Braganza *4ts becin-absent front New-Yoik upwards ol a year, and has not lost a man or spar. We have per ued « file of Calcutta pa- sccratel upon an imperishable basis tire I per » t o the 26th February, brought by Independence of S >uth Ame. ka!—Ferdui-1 the Braganza. They contain details of