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till. 4hovn •nle Umern- A'VW, ‘rlHIrrl. iF.H' 18,18411.' M ... . Annum ( l\iriHnmiths,W ■ Annum ; for It Wi *M>VANtK.| 'syrra/ 1 1* both Pnjttri, ami ) t ull-*trorti<, over Stare* Me«sauk prom il«i Prasidohinf tho United Flute* t«» the loo House* of CnligioM. nt lint commence, troutt «f tim t*«cuml Session «r the Twenty* Mill Congress. t'filoK-rilhrun qf the Smate and I ton# of Hrpmcvtntice*•* •' Omrtfovtml smtitude U ttuu to'the'Supreme - JlfltfH for ItavTug graciously cuniiiiim1*to mu country, through tint visslttidca nl'nnotlnmyeiirj '* • invaluable blessing* nfkenlth, plenty am). •h,—Seldom Iins thin favored Kind by on so. jmucrnlly wxctmwd ifami Um ravaeea ofdi*oa*»c» ’ ortho labor ofthe liuabtiiiduinu tnoro nmply re warded; mill nevorbefore hnvo our relations with other eminiric* been placed on u more favorable |in«i* linn that w liicli limy an happily occupy at n Vu* cr'uiodaotyrtHOlmo in titoaffninoftiw world. A rlgul aiubponMiVeniiK nbstinenco from till Inter* fere lire with Iho domestic and political rotation* of oilier ritntos. alike dm; to tho genius and dis tinctive rbnmefer iff our Government, nud to the principles hv wliich ilia directed; a faithful oh* aarvnucu, ill tiflufyAuatometit’ of onr foreign re* Intioiia, of tho practice of speaking plainly, deal ing jn*Uy, and Venturing truth and justice in re- turn, ns the bust onrervntivc* of the peace of na- ' lions,'a strict iinpnrtialiiy in our mauifosbitioiis of friendship. in the commercial privileges we restcede, and Untie we require from others i these, . accompanied by n disposition as,prompt t<» main tain. in every emergency, our own right*, ns wo arc from principles uvorsotu tlm invasion of those ofotheirs, have given pin'ccnuntjv and Govern- incut n standing itt-lbe groat fhiM{ly of nations of. ahidiwo liavoiuKt uwwoao tio,^<ennil. mid tho advantage* of which are* njprrieticudfoy ouroiti? r.«ns ilirnitgltmit every portion nf-iho earth ** which their uitterpririug atid ndyttntawitis spirit may carry them. Fuw. if any. remain insensi ble to tUcsudiiftofuftur friendship, or ignorant of the term* on which it may be acquired, and by which it cuu alone be preserved. A ser ies of quertions of long standing .difficult in their adjustment, and important in their rouse* ntieiicps, lu wbicli Um rights of our citizens and the honour of die country were deeply involved. " have.in the course of a few years, (the most of them during the successful mlministnuion of my iiuinediato predecessor.) been brought to a sat* iffactory conclusion;.nud the must minnrtaul of those remaining are, I am layijiy to believe, inn fair way ofbeiug speedily aud-satisfactorily ad justed. With nlillie Powers ofthe world our relations aratlinse of hiinorable.peace. Sitice.yonr mljour- . uienl, nothing serious has occurred to interrupt > or threaten this desirable harmony. -If»e|«ud* liowcred above the other hemisphere, they ot cast their proteiltoii* shadows open 01 upon tho Ion not yet been mi’ uieiits into whir' Tho rhargo «r< ail the Uthmtiati of Ids ti<vi eminent hollo pi long tho treat v of IfaWiHt will cease to- be obliga- lory upon«l(fier party nri’tho HMi deyiff Decent* her, loll, when the attentive commercial Inter* course between the United .Slate* and that vast empiif will no longer be regulated "by express stipulations. It affords mo plmwirn to coinintnthinte to you that tho (lot ermnent nf Chili hna v-ntored into nn agreement to imluiuniiy tin* vlnimnutM tit thn case of the Macedonian, for American property s*iz- od In IdUM and lo add; Hint infurmatioiehas also been received w hich justifies tho hope of an ear* ly adjustment or tho remaining claims upon Unit < in veriiirthwt. •Tho comiMiss’oner* appolntcddu nwnunnee of thrtcouvoutiou between thu Halted Slates mid Texas, forumkiiig tho boundary between them, have, according to Uw« last report raccivc.d from onr commissioners, surveyed and established the wliolo extent of tho boundary north along thu western hank of the-Biibiuo river, from it* ett- trmico into the Gulfonf Mexico to ^ tho thirty- second degree of north latitude. Thu column- (Hiiusr.djmirned on tlm 10th of June last, to reus* «nttdtle mi the 1st of November, f»r the purposo of establishing accurately tho interjection ot tho tliirty-secoud degree nf latitude with the western hunk oftlm Bubble, and the meridian line thence to Red river. It is presumed that the work will .be concluded in thu present season. Tim present sound condition of their finances, and tlto success with which cinbarrassmoui* in te.gurd to them, at times apparently insurmount able, have been overcome, are matters upon which the penphnmd Government oftlm United Stat**s may well congratulate themselves. An overflow ing Treasury, however it may ho regnr- dud as an evidence of public prosperity, sel dom conducive to the puruiuiieiit welfare of any pi-ople; mill experionco has dciuonstrnicd its in* compatilalitv w ith the salwury action of politicnl iiistiiutiotw like those of the United States. Our «afc»t reliance for filiaiieiul ellicieney and inde- pendencc has on the coutniry, been found to cou sin in ample resource* unencumbered with debt; and in this respect, the Federal Government oc- nupies a singiilaily fortunate tiud truly enviah.e position. When-1 witereiHipon thn di#shnrge of my of- frci;»l datieft in March, 1£17, the net tor the distri bution-fcf the. surplus rcveuue w as in a course of rapid execution. Nearly twenty.wight millions of dollars til*the ptthlic monies were, in pursu ance of its provisions, deposited*Vnidr the Stntw in thn months of January, April and July, of that year. In May there occurred a general suspen sion of specie payment hy the banks, including with very few exceptions, those-in which the public moneys were deposited, etui upon whoso fidelity the Government had unfortunately made iLselfdepiuideul fur the revenues which had been collected from the People, mid were indispensa- bio to the public service. This sofpNiwm. and the * xcessea in banking uml • commerce onl- ot which it arose, end* winch were greatly aggrava ted by its occurrence, made to a great extent,un available the principal part of tho public money then on hand; suspended the collection of many minimis accruing on our merchants’ bauds; mid gre.itly reduced the revenue unsiug from cus toms and tin; public lands. These eficcts have continued to operate, ill various degrees, to the iving tixproxs* cants for appropriations Ibr works tl hot to pro* the uccoutmodull FT* cntjl hi thn ri-o and TsINf selfish Importunities* o t uwnt nir.vbui ars.who happy shores, tfuuud hy no entangling allian ces, yut Imkcd hv a cniiuiinn uatnre and Mil wrest vvitiitlie (Uber.uqtious nfiiiankimlMHir aspiration* nre for Utegtraservutiuit of pence,in vvltovo wdid and civilizing triumphs all may participate with a generous emulation. Vet it behooves ns to lu present period; mid, in addition to the decrease in, prepared fur any event, and to he nlwnysrendy imtiiiinin tliose jiutnnd enlightened principles national intercourse for which this Gov ermnent ha* ever.contnndrd. lit the shuck nfcoiiUmrijti^ empires, vt i* only hy assuming a resolute tmuriug and clothing themselves with delimsivn Minor, that nentrnbtnaioiis can muiiitaiu their indepen dent right*. The exnitrincut which grew nut of the territo rial controversy between the United estate* and Great Britain having in n great men sura subsi ded, it is hoped that n iiivnmhle period is np- jiroarliiag for iu-fiuul soUlemrut. Roth Govern ments nuist law bo oanvinced of Urn dangers with which tliiv/pmstion is fraught; mid it must he their denive, hs it is tlieir iumrest, tlmtthU per* petital cause of irritaiioii should he removed a* speedily am practicable, lu my last nunnal mes sage you were in tin med dial die propo-iiiou for a couini'usion of exploration uud survey promiv- ed by. Great llritain has been received, ibid that licnmiter project, mclmling nUn a provision for tie curtain and Jimd adjusluient of the limits of dispute, was then before.tho British Government **• The answer of dint Govern- 'additional propositions of * *l« r «"'Sb * u niiuister here, since your separation. These were promptly con- Vred; swetr as were d*o »«d correct in prinri- s. and .consistent with u duo regard to die just ;hts of tho United .Btatw and of tho State of laiiie.eoncurrad in; and tlierensmisferdisaeu- t’ug from the residuu, vvidi an additional sug gestion tut out part,cuumuuucnted by the Secre tary of State to Mr. Fox. That Minister, not feeling himselfsofiiRieiiUyrtiistriicleil ii|hiii some ofthe petal* raised lit tho discussion, felt it lobe his duty to refer the matter lo his own Govern ment for fejklwrther decision. Having wow been fur some tkuo under its advisement, n speedy nnavvor m ivtlie eotifidcutly expected. From the clmracicr of the points still in dificrence, and the tin luiihteiltSispositiuit nfhodi parties to bring the matter to aw uarly conclusion, 1 look until entire confidence to a prompt aud-xatisfucinry tertniun- tcoii hT the nogociiilioii. 'i’ltrue cotuuuisioiicrs were appokttttd shortly nfier the ndjimrnmcut of Congress, under die act of die las* session provi ding for the exploration nod survey of die lino whicH separates die States of Maine and Now Hampshire from tho British Provinces; they have been actively awnployed until their progress was interrupted hy the inclemency of dm season, and wilt re*utiin tlieir labors as soon as practicable m lire ensuing year. It is understood that thaVrrespective cxainitm- turns will uunwtievv light t*pm» the subject in coulioversy and serve to remove any erroneous impressions which may .have been" made els,*, where prejudicial to the right* of the U. Suites. It was. among other rjasan*. with u view of pre venting the embarrassment* which, in unr pecu liar system of government,4tiip«du and compli- cate naguciations involving die. territorial rights ' i Btatc, tlvnt \ thnnghl U tny d»ty, ns you Imv v. ii informed on a previous occasion, in pro- o to die British Governnieiu, tlirongii iis min- •nt Washington, that early steps should lie .jit to .adjust tho points of.liit'r rence-nn the linn f boundary from tnc ctitniuce of Lnlto Superior to dm most uortliwestern point pf die Lalte ofthe Woods, by die nrhi'ration of a friendly Power, ill conformity with the seventh article of llie trea ty of Ghent. No answer has yet been returned by tint Hritidi Government to (bis proposition. Wltli Austria, France. Prussia, Russia and Um remaining powers of Ktirope, I um ii.ippylo in form you our rnlatioiiH fuiiUiiim to he of die most friendly character. With Belgium, a treaty of) coiniii'Tce and iiuvigutimi. based upon liberur principles of reprocity and equality, was conclud ed iu March Iasi, and having been ratified hy die Belgian Government, will he duly laid before the Seinta. It ia a subject uf coiigrutnlatiun that it (provide* fur tlm satisfactory adjustment of a long sumliwgquestion ofcntitrovcMy; thus removing lUiu pul/ obstacle which could obstruct die friend- |Iy and mutually advautageims juiercourso lm- it wee tl llie two nations. A messenger lias been iitaspntclied with the Hanoverian treaty to Her* liio. where, according to stipulation, die ruliiicu- ■tions nre to bo.oKhouged. r I am happy to tin- '" ■ ‘"M to you tint, after many delays und ditUcul- a treaty of commerce mid huvigatioii, be- a tlm United Stall's and Portugal, wascotij if amt signed iitiLisbnn.ou Uio -Hlthuf An- hy die IMmiipotennVies of the two Is# .Its4lipit|aliousme founded upon ^V-of imittinl liberality and iidviiu* WuiUnl 8titles have always sought i he ris-of Uo'ir intercom so with for* ;, uni it u hoped diey will tend to il strengthen dm commercial intercourse o countries. jtropifiutipu of the last session of- gnu has Iwen um to (ierntnny fin promoting dm interim of mtr to* aglonew appointed iitjder. dm con- ie ndjqsliiiHUt of claim* of citizens “exlciv having »w>| and Vngnst lest, the pa- Government, re la- wore communicated to die tub/aced hy thft wmeiu it of negotiation between dirowgh thfc medium of ,Ho disturb tho haruimiy itlui '(Jilfereut Goveriinietii* * ji'grehjltovvi'r’cr, to he the reveiitte tbun produced, two ami n half mil lions of duties have been relinquished by two bi ennial reductions under the uctof ItKl’J, mid pro bably ns much more under the importation of iron for railroad*, hy special legislation. Whii-t such hits been our condition for the Inst four )ear* iu relation to revenue, weliave, during llie same period, been subjected to un un avoidable cnuiimiance of targe Extraordinary ex pense* necessarily growing mil of past tniUMc- lions, and which* nouhl lint he immediately ar rested without great .prejudice to the public-in terest. Of these, dm charge upon the Treasury, in c.ontequencM-ef Ute -Gtierokne treaty ulnae, without adverting mothers arising out of Indian treaties, hu* already execeded five millions ofdu|. lars; that fur die piosecution nf measure* fnr-the removal of die cteiuinole Indian*, which were found ill progress, has bemi nearly fourteeu mil* lions; i-iiu the public buildings have required the tinurimt sum nfnrarly three millions. It ntlords me, however, great pleasure to be able to say, that, Irani the commencement*of this period to the present day. everv demand upon the Government, at home <n abroad. Juts be»-n promptly met. This ha* heeii dona,-not only witbont creating * permanent debt, or a resort to additional taxation iu any form, but ill thu midst nf n steadily progressive reduction of existing burdens opuu tho IVqpJc, leaving etiil a consid erable balance nf available funds which will re main in the TretwuryutUw end of the year. The small amount ofTreasnry notes, not exceeding four and n half millions nf dollars, still nukcatid ing, and less by twenty-three million* than the U. Sute* have ill deposite wilh the States, is'POin- posed ofsucli only a* are uutyet due. nr have not iieell piescuted for;payiiieut. They may ho re deemed out of the accruing revenue, if the ex penditures do mU exceed the amount xy ithin which 1I117 may, it -is thought, he kept without prejudice to thu public interest, and tho rc-cnue shall prove to'be as largo u* may justly ho antici pated. Among thoTPftectiotw arising front the eonienj- Illation oflliesccircnnouanccs, one, not dm least gratifying, i* the consciousness tlmt die Govern ment had die resolution and ability to adhere, iu every eiuergf ncy. to the sacred obligation* of law; to execute ull k* contracts according to the requirements of die constitution, mid thus to pre sent, vvheii most needed, a-rallying point, by which the business of the whole country anight he brought hack to a safe mid unvarying Stand ard—a result vitally important II* well to the in terest* ii* to the uionds of the people. There can surely now lie no dilii*reiice of opinion in regaid to tho incalculable m il* that would linvn 11:1*1:11 if thu Government, nt-dint critical moment, had *1 life red itself to-be deterred from upholding the only true standard of a-olite, either by ilm.pres- sure ofndverse circumstance* or the violence nl unmerited demvumtkut- Tlm manner in which the people sustained the performance oftlii* duty was highly fmtiorahl-a-t» their fortitude and pat riotism. ItcnuuotJaU lo stimulate their agents loadnere, tinder all circumstance.*, to dm line ufduty; atid to satisfy them of tho safely with which a course really right, and demanded bv a financial crisis, may, in n community like ours, he pursued however apparently ■severe its im mediate operation. The policy oftlm Federal Government, in ex tinguishing as rapidly, as possible the luilinucl debt, and subsequently in resisting every tempta tion to create n new'one, deserve* to bb regarded in the mine favorable light. Amodg the ninny objection* to a -nalioual debt. |tlie certuiu tendency of public securities to c<mcon-> rate ultimately 111 tho colfcrs of foreign stock holder* is vote which »* every day gather-' ills' strength. Already have tlw resources of many oftlm riinii-* nod thn future indus try nf llmir citizens been indefinitely mortgaged, to the subject* of European Govi-rnments to the umount ofivvelve redUmw uuuuully to jmy the conslflutly uccruing interest oil burrowed money —a sum exceeding half the ordinary revenue* ofthe whole United Stite*. Thu pretext which this relation tdfiud* to foreigmus to scrutinize the management of nor domestic nfiairs, if not actually to intermeddle vv ith tlmiu, present* a subject for earnest attention, not tuxayofaerious ahum. Fortimntety um Federal Government, vvttn Um exception nf nil obligation entered into in Imhalfofthe Didrict of(’oluinbin, which nui*t soon he discharged, is wholly exempt from any such embarrassment. It i* also, u* i* believed, dm only Government which, having fully mid faithfully paid nil its creditors, Im* ,nl*o 'relieved itself entirely from debt. To tnaintuiu u distinc tion *11 desirable, and *0 Immirable to onr nation al character, should bean object of earliest so Ueitudo. Never should n free pec-pie, If it lie poraibla to avoid it, expose tlnm«c|ve« fo the necessity of having to treat ofthe peace, tho honor, or die safe ty of die Republic, with UieGovvriuneiit* of for eign creditor*. who, however well disposed they may he lo cultivate with 11* ill general friendly relation*, are nevertheless, by the law of llmir own oouditioh, made hostile to the success um) S erumneocy of political iiiMtitutioii* like oura.— lo-r humiliating may Im dio euihurrasMiient* couseqiietiLupoii such n condition. Another ob jection, ueucrjJy Jess formidable, to the com mencement of" a new debt, it it* inevitable ten dency to increase in magnitude, and to foifrr national wciravagnnco. fie has been nn unprofi table observer nf went* who need* at thin on, ie iHuiotiislied of the ditficnllissH which a Goft item, hahitnnlly dependent un loans to itsonliiinry expeiulintrcR, Im* to eucoiHiter iff re- iixyng dm infliifincescon*tatiily exerted III,favor of iuidition.il loans; hy capitalists, who enrich llippisfllvcs hy Goveranieptwcarjties for antqj" much exceeding live money they ocltwlly ad' Public Um of tho Public, hut tho ienl chjecti ofwhichnre, too Requcntly, tho advance ment of private interests. Tlm known necessity which so many oftlm States will houuilerto hu* pose taxes Ihs'the pay mentof tint Interest nn tlieir debts, fitrnishes an additional and vary coiant reason why tlm-Federal Government should re* fritin IVotn creating a national debt, by which llie People would be exposed to double tnXttVinn'fot a similar object. We posses* within ourselves ninpln rosnurstm 'for ovary emergency» and we in iy Im quite sure that our citizens, in no future exigency, will he .unwilling t«» supply tlm Gov* ernment with ail the tnwntta asked tor the defetten of the country. In’tlme of neuce there cao, at all events, Im nn justification for thu creation «ftt mminiiniit debt hy-the Federal Government. Its limited rnugo of cnn«tittttiniin) duties may Ctrl uiuty.vmdur such ctrcmusUvncus, he performed vvidmutsuch a resort. It has, it is seen, Imett nvnided during four-year* of greater fiscaldilli; cullies than have existadin a similar period since the adoption uf the Constitution, and mm also remarkable fur the- occurrence of extraordinary causes ufexpendituies. But, to accomplish so desirable an object, two things nre indispensable: first, that the notion of. the Federal Goverinnrttt he kept within the hnuudurms prescribed hy its founders; and,sec ondly, that ull uppropriufinn* for objects admit ted lobe conslilulinunl, and thu expenditure of them nKo, he subjected to n standard of rigid hot well-considered And prstticnl economy. Tho first depend* chiotly* On the People themselves, tho npitiioiM they torm of the true construction nf dm Constitution, aud the confidence they re pose itt tho politicnl sentiments of those they sc- ( iect us tlieir representatives in tho Federal I.egis- l.itute; the second rests upon tint fidelity with wliich their more inMiiediutorepresentatives, nud other public fimcHon-iries. discharge the trust' enumutted to them. The duty nf eeounmizing the expenses ofthe public service Uuduuttedou all hamls; vet there are few subject* upon which then' exist* a wider difference of opinion than is constantly manifested ill regard to the fidelity with winch that duty is discharged. Neither diversity of sentiment, unr cteii mutual recriminations, upona point iu respect to 1 which tho public mind i* *n justly sensitive, can well be entirely avoid- ed; aud least *0 nt period*-of great pniiticil ex citement. An intelligent People, however, seh dotn fail to arrive, iu the end. nt correct conclu sion* in such a matter, ri’mcticol economy in tho management of public nffatr* ennhavo no advene iuHueiii:e tocouteud with more powerful than n large surplus revenue; and the-unusually large uppropriniiou* for lt#7 may, without doubt, in dependently ofthe cxUnurduiury.requisitions for the public set vice, growing out of the state of our Indian relations, be, in no inconsiderable degree, traced to this source. Thu sudden nud rapid dis tribution ofthe large surplus then tn the Treasu ry, nud the equally sudden and unprecedentedly severe rev uUiott m the‘commerce and business ol the country, pointing with unerring certainty to u great ami protracted reduction of tho-reve- tme, strengthened the propriety of thu dorlist practicable reduction of the public-ExpenditUre* But to change a system operating npdnsnlargi surface, mid applicable to such numerous and diversified interest* and object*, vvn* mow than tho work of a day. The attention of •‘very de partment ofthe ’Government was immediately, and ill good fiiilli, directed to tlmt end, nud has been so continued fo the present moment. The estimates mid appropriations for the year, iHJfci (dm fir*t-()\er which I hud any con rol) were semen hiu diminished. The expenditures ofiSdO were reduced six million* of dollars. Those uf lcS40, exclusive of disbursements for ptthlic debt mid trust claims, vvill.probubly not exceed tvveu- ty-iwn ami u half luilliom: being between two n'tid three millions less Ibnu those ofthe preced* inc year, and nine or tcn-ynillvoiw lets titan tinvse ofl’eUT. Nor has it been found necessary, in or der to produce this result. Rxreswrt to the power conferred hy Congress,-of postponing certain classes ol the public works, except by deferring expenditure* lor a short period upon u'limited portion of them; am. which posi pone meat ter minated sumo time since, at the 1110100111.the Treasury Department, by further receipt* from the indented banks, became fully nssured-ofits' ability to meet them without-prejudice to die public service in other respect*. Cutises tire in) operation which will, it i* believed, justify a still further reduction! without injury to any impor tant national interest. Tlm expenses uf sustain ing dm lumps employed in -Fluridu have been gradually and greatly reduced, through the perse vering efforts of the SVnr,Department-: and a rea sonable hone limy be entertained that the necessi ty for military operation* iu that quai ter will soon cense. Tlm removal ofthe Indians from within our settled holders is nearly completed. The pension list. 01m ofthe heaviest charges 11 poll the Treasury, i* rapidly diminishing hy death. The most costly of our public-buildings are cither fin- idled,or nearly so; mid we tuny, I think, safely irouiise-ourse’lves a columned exemption from; innler difficulties. Tlm available balance in tlm Treasury on the 1st nf Jammy next i* estimated ntonemilbun and u half01* dollars. This sum, with tho expected receipts from nil sources during the next year, will, it is believed, he sufficient to enable the Government to meet every engagement, and Wave a suitable balance vvi Um Treasury allhe end ofthe year, if the remedial measures cofifiected with the ciistomsaud the public lauds, heretofore recoumtiided, shall he adopted, and the new ap propriations hy Goiigrcs* shall not carry the ex penditures beyond the official estimates The new system established by Congress for the safe-keeping uf the public money, prescribing the kind of-currettcy to he received lor llie public revenue, um! providiugaddilioiml guards and se curities against losses, lias now been several mouths in operation. Although it might lie pre- mature, upon an experience ot such limited dura tion. to form il delimit! opinion in regard lo the extent «f-il* influence* iu correcting many evils under which the Federal Government and the' coiintry-liitve hitherto snfiered^-espccially those, that have grown out of hanking expansion*, u depredated currency, and official defalcation*; yet it is hut right to say dial nothing has occurred 111 the practical operation of die system to weaken in the slightest degree, but much to strengthen,' thu confident anticipation* of it* friend*. The grevuwis ot these have been heretofore t-o fully explained 11* to require tin recapitulation. In re spect to the facility and convenience it a fiords in cumliTctiiig the public service, and the ability of the Government to discltaige through itsugeiicy evety duty attendant 011 the. collection, transfer, nnddobursomeiitoftiie public motley vvi'.liproinp- titude and success, I cuu say, with cniilideuco, thut tho apprehensions of those who lett it to be their duty to oppose its adoption have, proved to be unfounded. On die contrary, this branch of the fiscal affairs ofthe Government bus been, and disbelieved may always be, finis-carried oil with every desirable facility imd.rw.urity. A few changes und improvement* ill the details of the system, without affecting aqy principles involved in it, will bn submitted ro von by the Secretary of the Treasury, inui will, lain sure, receive at your bund*that uUettftou to which they may,on examination, be found to bn entitled. I have deemed this brief summary of our fiscal nfiairs necessary to the due performance of 11 duty especially enjoined upon me hy the Comfi fit turn. It will serve, also, to illustrate mote fully die principles hy vvhirfi 1 have been guided in reference to two contested point* in our public point* in our public policy, ■which were emliest in thcirdnvnloptiieut, und liuve been more important iu their conse quences, than any diut Irnvu arisen under our complicated and difficult, yet admirable system of government: I allude to a national debt and a national bank. It was in these that the political contests by which the country has been agitated over since the adoption of dm Constitution; in o great measure originated; and there is too much reason tonppreliciid that the conflicting interests and opposing principles thus marshalled will con tinue, ns heretofore, to produce similar, if not ag- grav uted. consequence*. Coming into office tho declared enemy ofhotli, I have earnestly endeavored lo prevent a resort lo either. The consideration that a large public debt af fords an apology, and produces, iu some degree, a necessity, ubo, for resorting to u system and extent of taxation which is not only oppressive throughout, hut likewise so apt lo lead, in die end, to die commission uf that most odious of all olfence* ugniust din principles nf republican gov- ernment—the prostitution of political prtwor, conferred for tlm general benefit, to tlm aggran dizement of particular clusses, and thu gratifica tion of individual cupidity—-is nloucsufficient, in dependently oftlm weighty objections wliich nave nlreudy been urged, to render its creation nnd ex istence die sources of bitter and uiiappea*- able discord. If we add lo this its inevitable r .. wa refi-r to fiie cxamplet'iff ovory GoU’rnmont which hits existed for proof, how seldom it * that thn system, \v}iqn nnco adoptedBtfi implanted iu tint.policy ore country, iins foiled to expand itself, until public credit was exhausted, and tho ample wore tm longer able to endure its increes* ug weight, it seems impossible to resist dm con clusion,'that no benefits resulting from its career, tin extent of conquest, no accession of wealth to particular classes, nor any, nor nil III combined advantage*, can counterbalance its ultimata lint certain results—u splendid Government, und un inumvorUlutd People. .... if a national hank vvus,nsi« uiuleniobIe,repudInl» ed by thn Atntmrs ofthe Constitution n* inemn- ■patihle with the right* oftlm State* nnd the liber* tm* ofthe Focple; if, Itom the 'beginning, it has henu regarded by large portion* of our cUtzeus ns coming in direct collision with tlmt groat and vital amendment of thu Constitution which do* dares that all powers not conferred hy thntinstrn- menton the Gotmrul Governmentl»r« reserved to tho States and to the IVopIe; if it has boon viewed by them nn tho first great step iu tho march of Utitudiitoiis construction, which, unchecked, would render that sacred instrument of ns little value ns un unwritten cnnslitullftt), dependent, as it would alone he, lor it* meaning, un the in terested interpretation of a dominant; party, and nfiording no security to the rights oftlm minority; if such is undeniably tho case, Who! rational around* could have been conceived for nntic.ipa* ting ought but determined opposition to snch an institution at the present day) Could a different result have been expected, when the consequence* which have flowed lYam its creation and pardcnlarly front Its struggles to ■perpetuate it* existence, had confirmed, in so stri king a manner, the apprehension* of it** earliest opponents; when it bad been so clearly demon strated that a concentrated money power, wield ing so vastn capital, and combining such incalcu lable mean* of influenco, may, in those peculiar coujiiucfmusto which this Government i* mm- voiduhlyexposed, prove an overmatch Ibr the po litical now er uf the People themselves; when tlm .true elmniotor of its capacity to regulate, accor ding to its will aud its interacts, nnd the interest* of it* favorites, the value nnd.production of the labor and prupert)*of every man in this extend ed country, Im* been so fully nbd fearfully devel oped ; when it was notorious that all classes nf this grant community hud, by means uf the povv* cr and influence it thus possesses, been infected to madness with u spirit ufhurdlc** speculation; when it had been swell that, secure in the support ofthe condonation of influences hy which it was surrounded, it could violate its charter, and set- the lawsut defiance with impunity; aud when, too, it had become most uppercut thut to holmvc that such nil accumulation of powers can over hu grunted Without Um certainty uf being abused,' was to indulge in ti fatal delusion. To avoid the ueceasityofa permanent debt and it* inevitable consequences, 1 have advocated,' aud endeavored to curry into oliect, the policy of) confining the appropriations for the.public sera vice to siicli object* only ns are clearly within the constitutional uuthori:y of the Federal Govern^ incut; of excluding from it* expenses those im provident and unauthorized grants of public mo-' tvey for work* of internal improvement, which were so widely arrest# J hy the constitutional inter position ofmytpredeccssor.niid which, if they had' not been so chocked, would long before Ibis time have involved the finance* of the General Gov- vrnmvntin embarrassment* far greater than those •which are now experienced by any of the States; ofliiuitiug all our expenditure* to tliut simplo , unostentatious, nnd economical administration of public affairs, which is-nloim consistent with the, character uf our institutions;'of collecting annu ally from the customs nnd the sales ut public lauds a revenue fully adequate to defray ull the expenses thus incurred, but, under no .pretence whatsoever, to impose t-.-xe* upon the people to n greater amount than was actually necessary to' the public service, couductcd upon die principles I have stated. In lien of n national bank, or a dependence up on hanks uf any description, for tlm management ofniir fiscal afiairs, 1 recommend the adoption of tlm system which is now in successful operation. That system afford* every requisite facility for the transaction of the pecuniary concerns ul the Go- vniiiment; will, it is confidently anticipated, pro duce in oilier respects many ofthe benefits wliich have been from time to lime expected fioui the creatiou-of u national bank, but which have nev er been realized; avoid tlm manifold evils insep arable from Hitch an institution ; diminish, to a greater extent than could be accomplished by any oilier inrun* of reform, the patronage ofthe’Fed eral Gov rniqft.nl—a wise policy in all Govern ments, hut mare especially so iu oue like our*, wliich works well only iu proportion as it is made to rely fur its support upon die unbiassed and un adulterated (millions of its constituents ; do uvvay, forever, 'nil dependence on corporate bodies, ei ther iu thcraising, collecting, sufe-kcepiug, or -disbursing die public revenues ; nud place the Gov ermnent equally above the teinptutiao of fos tering u dangerous and nuconalittuionnl institu tion nt homo, or the necessity ofndupting it* pol icy to the 1'iuvvs and interests ofu still more for midable muucy*povver-abroad. llisby adopting and carryitig out these prill* fiplea, umfor circumsUiUces the most arduous and discouraging, that the attempt has been made, Uiiis far Hiiccessliilly, to duinoimtrate to the Peo* pie or die United States that n'national hank ut' all times, and a national debt, except il he incur* •red at a period when Um honor umi safety of live 'nation demuiid tlm temporary sacrifice of a poli cy, which sliimld only he nbuudoned in such ex igencies. nre not merely unnecessary, hut in di rect and deadly hostility fo the principles of tlieir Government and to tlieir own permanent wel fare. The progress made iu Ute development of these .positionsappears in Um preceding sketch ofthe pust history and present stale of the fimmciul con- corns of the Federal Government. The foci* ihcie stuted fully authorize the assertion that ull Um purposes for which this Government was in- eliluted have been accomplished during lour yours of greater pecuniary embarrassment than were ever before experienced. In time of pence, mid in llie face ofoppn-otinn as formidable a* uuy, that was over before, arrayed ngninsUlm policy of un AdminUtnuiuu; tlmt this lius been done when lire ordinary revenue* of thu Government were generally-decreasing, as well from the operation ofthe law* ns tlm condition ofthe country, with out ilie<oronlinii ofa permanent public debt nr in* ■curring any liability other than such a* the ordi nary resources of the Government will speedily disclmrge, and without the agency of n national bank. If this view ofthe proceeding* of the Govern ment, for tlm period it embraces, bo warranted by, thelifcts astlicy are known to exist; if the army and navy have been sustained to tlm full extent Authorized by daw, und wliich Congress deemed sufficient for die defence of the country nnd die pi election <»f it* rights and it* honor; if its civil and diplomatic neryice Im* been (equally sustain ed; if ample provision (ms been made for the nd- tumitftruimu of justice and the execution ofthe laws; if theclnims upon public gratitude in behalf of tho solihc/i fff die Ruvnlutinn have been promptly met and faithfully discharged; if there have been no failures in defraying dm very lurgo expenditure*growing nut ol diut long continued and salutary policy xif peacefully removing die Indians fo regions -of comparative safely odd prosperity; if the public faith has nl all times, and every where,been most scrupulously maintained by a piompt dischmgo of the numerous, extend ed, nnd diversified r'nitns ot* the Treasury; if all these great and permanent objects, wills many others tlmt might be slated,* have, for a .series of years, marked hy peculiar obstacles and difficul ties. been successfully accomplished without a resort lo n permanent debt, or die aid of a nation al bank; have we not a right to expect that a pol icy,the object af which ha*been to tustiin the pub lic service independently of either of these fruit ful sources of discord, will receive the final sanc tion oTtt people whose uni inssrd nnd fairly elici ted judgment upon public affairs is never ulti mately wrong? Tlmt embarrassment* in the pecuniary con cerns of iiulividiinls of unexampled extent and duration, have recently existed in this, as in other commercial nations, is undoubtedly true. To suppose it necessary now to trace these reverses to thnir sources, would he n reflection on die in telligence of my fellow-citizens. Whatever may have been the obscurity in wliich Uio subject was involved during tho enriier stages of the re vulsion, there cannot now be many by whom die whole question is not fully understood. Not deeming it within die constitutional pow er* of the General Government to repair private lossassustnined hy reverses iu husineishavingno connexion wUh the public service, either by di- reel appropriations from the Treasury, or by special legislation designed lo secure exclusive privileges and immunities to individuals or dosses iu preference to,and at the expensed, .. f rr -— - die great majority necessarily debarred from any (miJ-t.icv io |iwd-.c- nnd bar fwtTcSpntinn in ititm, no nitennrt lodowha. nr thn mil,lift 'inn„Av * hv I keen either made, recommended, founts expenditures of tho pnldic money, ' hv j ® CL ! n l el, *’ 1 °‘) w*de, recommei. Iftnce .wliich u necessity is created for new loans and | fo® present Executive, v«d, HtiWovsr, that tlie^reit pur. the ultnlfttnntit uf which 1 tlm Federal lout was itiNtituted liavu ifot boon lost Intrusted unly with certain limited . lUliomly emiuieinlcil, diatinctlv spoci- ied, nml definmlwith a precision and clearness which would saetn to defy uiiscoiisiruciiou, it hasheuu my constant aim to confine mysolfwith- lit thu lludu.ro clearly tuaxkvd out, und «o cate* Hilly gtmrdod. Having nlwiivs lieou uf opinion that tlm Imsl preservative ul the union nf tlm States i« In hu found iu a total abstincuca froitj the exorcise uf all doubtful powers nn tlm part nl the Federal Govoruumut, ruiluit than in aUempta tn assume tlmm by n Inoso construction uf thn Constitution, or an ingenious perversion of its words, I havu endeavored to avoid recommend ing any liimuniro which I hud ressnu to appro* hand would, Itt the opinion even of a consider able minority of toy fellow-citizen*, im regnrded ns trenching on dm rights of tlm tf totes, or the hallowed instrnmenl nftmr Union. Viewitig the aggregate poworsol thu Federal Government ns a voluntary concession oftlm {Status, it seemed to me that such only should hu exercised ns weie nt the time intended lo he given. 1 have been strengthened, ton, in the proprie ty of this course, hy the conviction diut all utlbrtB to go beyond this, tend unly to produce dUsutis* faction aud distrust—to excite jealousies, and to provoke resistance. Instead uf adding strength to-the Federal Government, even when success ful,-they must over-prove a source uf incurable woukiic*.*. hy alienntingu portion of those whose adhesion is iudispeiiMihiu to the great aggtegate of united strength, nnd whoso voluntniy attach ment is, iu my estimation, fur mare essential to Umeflicicuuy ofa government strong in dm best of all possible strength—-the confidence and at tachment of all those who make up its constituent element*. Tims believing, it hna been my purpose to se cure to tlm whole l’cople, nnd to every member of the Confederacy, by general, salutary, and®* qnal laws ttlnne, the. benefit of those republican institutions which it wu* the end and aim of llie Constitution to establish, and tlm impnrtinl inlln- enca of which is, iu my judgment, indispensable to their, preservation. I cannot bring myself to believe tliut the lasting happiness oftlm People, tlm prosperity oftlm ritates nr llie permanency ofthuir Union, cun be niaiu-.'iued by giving pre ference or priority to any clu sofcitizetts, in the distnbotinu of benefits or p vilegcs, or by tlm adaption of measures winch l men one pot lion nf tlm Union at tlm expeiuu of another; nor can I see, iu thu interference oftlm Federal Govern* moot with tlm fond legislation und reserved rights oftlm States, a remedy tor present, or a security against future dangers. Tlm first, and assuredly not tlm least, impor tant step towards relieving the country from the condition into wliich il had been plunged by ex cesses in trade, hanking, und credits uf all kinds, was to place tlm hnsinens transactions of thu Go* vcrnnietit itself on a solid hu*is;giviiigiind receiv ing in all cuses valu-* for value, and neither coun tenancing nor encouraging iu others tliut delusive system ol credits from which it ha* been found so difficult to escape, and which has left nothing be hind it hut the wrecks tlmt mark its fittalcjreer. That the financial affairs of tlm Government arc now, and have been during the whole period of these wide-spreading difficulties, conducted with a strict and invnriublu regard tn this great fundamental principle, nnd that hy tlm assump tion aud maintenance oftlm stuudilms taken on the very threshnUhtf tlm approaching crisis, more than hy uny other cause or cause* whatever, tlm community at largo lias been shielded from tlm incalculable evil* ofu general and indefinite sus pension of specie-payments, mid a consequent annihilation, fur tlm whole period it might have lusted, nl a just and invariable standard uf value, will, il is-beltevcd, at this period, scarcely be ones- tinned. A steady adherence, on the part nf tho Govern- Ittent, to the policy which bus produced such sal utary results, aided by judicious State legislation, and, what is not less important, by the Industry, enterprise, perseverance, nud economy ofthe A- uteric.in l'eopio, cannot fail to raise the whole country, ut mi early period, to u state of solid and enduring prosperity, not subject tube again over thrown by the suspension of banks or dm explo sion of n bloated credit system. It isTor the Peo ple mid their Representmitos to dccido whether or not thu permanent welfare ofthe country (which all good citizens cqunll,- desire, however widely they may differ as to liiciueonsofitsuc- coutplWInuetU) shall lm in this way vecured; or whether tlm management of tho pecuniary con cerns ofthe Government—nud, hy consequence, to a great extent, those of individuals nlso—shall be carried hack to a condition uf things which fostered those contraction* utidexpuusiuusafthu currency, und those reck levs abuses of credit, from foe baneful effect* ofuliirh die country lias ho deeply suffered—u return that can proud w, in tho mid, no better result* than to reproduce the embarrassments the Government has experienced; nud to remove from the shoulders of the present, to tliose nf fresh victims, dm bitter I'm Tin of that spirit of speculative enterprise to which unr cflimtrvmcli are so liable, and upon w hich tlm lessons of experieucu are so unavailing. Tlm choice is an important oue, aud 1 sincerely, hope that it uiuy hc lvisely made. A report of the Secretary of War,presenting a detailed view ofthe affairs of tlmt Department,uc- companies this communication. The desultory duties commoted with the rc- •ttloval’of the Indiirhs, in w hich the army has been constantly engaged on the northern and western frontiers, und iu Florida, huyo rendered it im practicable to carry into full effect llie plan re commended hy the Secretary for improving it* dbcipliiie. In every instui.cn where tlm regi ments have been concentrated, they have utuuu great progress; and tlm best result* tuny lie and- etpntid from a continuance of this system. Dur ing the last season, a pan of the troop* have been employed in removing the Indians Irmu the in terior t» the territory assigned them in the West —u duty which they have performed efficiently and with praisewotihy Immunity ; and that por tion of them which lm* been stationed in Florida continued active operations there throughout the heats ■oftmunner. The policy ofthe United Slates in regard to the Indv.m*, of which a succinct account* is given iu tuy uuosage of 18IW, and of the wisdom and expediency*ofwhich 1 am fully satisfied, has been continued in nctivo operation throughout tho whole period of my administration. Since tho spring*of 1837, more than forty thousand Indi ans havo been removed to their new homes west ofthe Mississippi; and I ntn happy to add that nil accounts concur in representing the result of this measure ns eminently beneficial to that people. The emigration of the Scminoles alone lias been attended with serious difiiculty, aud occa sioned bloodshed; hostilities having been com menced hy the Indian* in Florida, under the ap prehension that they Would be compelled, by force, to comply with dteir treaty stipulations.— The execution of tho treaty uf I'uyim's Landing, signed in lfc'.tt, but not ratified until 1(3.14, was ® toned at the solicitation of the Induing, until , when they again renewed their agreement to remove peaceably to tlieir new homes iu the West. In die face of this solemn and renewed compact, they broke their fitilli, and commented hostilities by the mussucre of Major Dude’s com mand, die murder o( their agent, (Jett. Thomp son, nnd oilier nets of cruel treachery. When this alarming and unexpected intelligence reach ed the sent of Government, every effort appear* to have been made to reinforce Gen. Clinch, who commanded the troops then in Florida. Gnue- nil Kttstis was despatched with reinforcements from Charleston; troops were called out from Alabama, Tennessee, aud Georgia 5 nud Genera) tfcott was sent to take the command with ample powers ami ample means. At the firm alarm. General Gaines organized a force at N. Orleans, nnd, without waiting for orders landed in Flori da, where ho delivered over the troops he had brought with him to General b'cott. Gov. Cull wu* suhseqeutly appointed to con duct u summer campaign, and, at die closo of it, was replaced hy Gen. Jesup. These events um) changes took place under the administration of my predecessor. Notwithstanding the exertions ol the experienced officers who had command there for eighteen months, on entering upon tho administration iff tlw Government I found the Territory of Florida n prey to Indian atrocities. A strenuous effort wu* immediately made to bring these Instililies to a clone; nnd the army under Gen. Jesup, was reinforced until it amoun ted to ten thousand men, and furnished with a- hundntil supplies of every description. In this campaign n great tmmbcrof tho enemv wore cap- lured ond destroyed; hut die diameter of die con test only was changed. The Indians, having been defeated in every engagement, dispersed in small hand* throughout tho country, and became uuen- Jerpriimg, formidable and ruthless bunditti. Gen. Taylor who succeeded Gen. Jesup, used his best exertions to subdue them, and was seconded iu hi* efforts by the officer* under his command 1 hut he, too, foiled lo protect tho Territory froui tlieir depredations. By an set ofsignr.1 and cruel J “*ne.iery, they broke the truce made widt them Gen. Macouth, who waiaent from Waihinfc- of carrying Into elfecrtho ex* ‘“■lgniss, mill havo continued „ _ r ilnce. (Ion. Armistead, itt when flan. TnylotJaft the. Army, hy permission, nssumuil thu cMhinaiid, and, after active Mutmtior operations, tvtis met by proposition* for.pencot nud, Horn the. fortunate coincidence iff tlm arrival in Florida, nt tlw tuimo period, of a dulanuon Horn tho Bemlimina who uro happily rettfed west ofthe Mississippi, and re now' anxious to piil-siinde tlieir countrymen 0 join Ilium there, hopes were Ibrsouw time on* furtalned that the Indian* might he induced to leave tlm Territory without further tliffiauhy.— These fumes have proved fallacious, nnd liostili* lie* have been renewed throughout tho whole uf the Territory. That this foulest hits endured so hmg, is m lm attributed triUiiut-s beyond die con* irid of the Government. F.xperfenced general* ha Vo hud the command oftlm troops? officers nud soldiers have uliko distinguished thomsolvcs for their'activity, patience, und enduring courage; the Army him boon constantly furnished'tvitfi sup* plies of every description t und we rmulltiok lor tlm causes which havo so long procrastinated tho issue of die contest, in the vest extent oftlm thea tre of tioMlilifie*, fim almost insurmountable ob stacles preHunted hy tlm nature of dm country, tho climate, aud dm wily character of tlm suva- gcs. The sitim for marine hospitals on (ha rivers and lakes, which I win nathomnd to select nnd cause to lie purchased, liuvo ull been designated; hut, die appropriation not proving sufficient, con ditional arrangements only have been nindo for tlieir acquisition, it is for Congress to decide whutlmrithose conditional nurennse* shall Im sanctioned, anti dm Immune iutentious of the law carried into lull effect. The Navy, us will uppenr from tho accompany ing report of tho Hocretnry, bus boon usefully and tumorahly employed in tlm protection of our commerce nud citizens in tlm Mediterranean, tlm Facitic, on the const of Brazil, and in the Gulf of Mexico. A small squadron, consisting nf thu frigute Constellation mid the sluop-nf-wur Boston, under Commodore Kearney, is now mi its way to (lie China and Indian seas, fur tlm purpose of attending lo our interest* iu thut quarter, and Commander Anlirk. in thn sloop ot-wiir York- town, has been instructed to visit tho Sandwich and .Society Islands, the’const* of Nu\v Zealand and Japan, together w ith other ports and islands frequented hy unr whale ships, for the purpose of giving ‘thtfm countenance and protection,' should they he required. Other smaller vessels liuvo been, aud still nre, employed iu prosecuting tho surveys oftlm const of the United States,, directed hy various acts of Congress; and those' which havo been completed w ill shortly bo laid before you. The exploring expedition, at tlm latest date, was preparing tn leave thn Uny of Islands, New Zealand, in further prosecution ofobjects which have tlm* far boon successfully accomplished. The discovery ofa new continent, w liich was first seen iu latitude GO deg. 2 mitt, smith, longitude 154 deg. 27 min. east, and afterward* in latitude GGdeg.fil min. south, longitude loll deg. 41) min. caRt, by L'euteuuuts Wilkes nud Hudson, for tut extent iff eighteen hundred miles, hut on which they were prevented Horn lauding by vast bodies of me which encompassed it, is one of tlm liouor- nble result*of the enterprise. Lieutenant Wilkes hears tertimnny to tlm zeal aud good conduct of his officers and men; and it i* but justice to tlmt officer to state that he appear* to have perform ed the duties assigned tiiiu with an ardor, ability, and perseverance which give every uMiirunco of un Inmoiahlu issue to the undertaking. Tho report of dm Postmaster General, here with transmitted, will exhibit tlm service of that Department the pasty par, nnd it* present condi tion. Tlie transportation has been maintained during tlm year to the full extent authorized by tlm existing laws. Home 'improvement* have been I'fiectcd which the public interest scciued urgently to demand, but not involving any ma terial expenditure. 'The contractors have gen erally-performed their engagements with fidelity. The postmaster*, with few exceptions, have ren dered their account* nlid-paid tlieir quarterly bal ances with promptitude. Atid the whole service oftlm Department bus maintained tlm efficiency for which it lias for several year* bceu distinguish ed. Tho acts of Congress establishing new mail routes, und requiring more expensive service* om others, nud the increasing wants uf the country,' have, for three year* past, carried tho expeudi lures something beyond thn nerruiug revenues; the excess ha\ ing been lira,, until the post year hy tlm surplus which had previously accumulated. That having been exhausted, and thu nmicinutad increase in thn revenue not having been realized, owing to the depression in the commercial busi ness ofthe country, the finances of the Depart ment exhibit it small deficiency nt tlm close ofthe last fiscal year. It* resources', however, are am ple; and the reduced rates of compensation fot Ute transportation w.rvice, which may he expect- peeled on the future lettings, from the general reduction of prices, with the increase of revenue that may reasonably he anticipated from tlm revi val of commercial activity, must soon place tho fiuuucesofthe Department in a prosperous con* diiion. Considering the unfavorable circumstances which have existed during the past year, it is a gratifying result that the revenue has not declined as compnred with tlm preceding year, hut, on the contrary, exhibits a small increase; tho circuin- stance* referred to having Imd no other effect than trt’eheek the expected income. It will he seen that the Postmaster General suggests certain improvements in tho establish ment. designed In reduce die weight ofthe mails, cheapen tlm transportation, ensure greater regu larity in the service, nnd secure a.cim*idoriibln re duction in tlie rates of letter-postago—an object highly desirable. The subject is one of geuural interest to thu community, and is respectfully re commended to your consideration. Tlm suppression of the African slave-trade lies received tho continued attention of dm Gov ernment. The brig Dolphin and schooner Grampus have been employed during the lust season on the count of Africa, for the purposo of preventing such portions of thut trade as wu* suid to he prosecuted under the American flog. Alrcr ci 11 zing off tliose parts ofthe const must usually resorted to hy slavers, until the commencement ofthe rainy season, these vessels returned to the United States lor supplies, and have since boon despatched on u similar service. From the reporb; of the commanding ofliccrs, lfi*_ hrltl.i, swasa „„„ ‘^wlrtthe Nlaml®, Wftv , iw j oTKcr, m. IK, n missionary ofths Am.£ ' Board > Cap?, F, Jumicey, u,„fft, F.ForhTEf BAVAftKAlfr •• lie jMUnd fear wot, Jet oil the end* thou .ISTTI thy CJmniiry *, thy God',, end Trutl.’i'• ,U FOIt'CONGttliHB^ ^ ===i:! Col. HIKES HOLT) ofiluicogca, Klcti 'm on t1r»t iltomhyin January. O" Wn have recoivetl ind shall publfeii to. morrow, the Report of tho Commitaiouer nffiij indigent deaf und dumb of this State. 03* Wo received yesterday JiW» our attentive correspondent at Charleaton, per statm; packet Southerner, Now York, Philadelphia, Washing, ton aud Baltimore papers, otto day taler, than those which catun to hand by yeaterdny’s mail,— Tho space occupied by the President'* chmpuls its to he briofln our extracts. Wo ore nUo indebted for copica of the .Met- sago'froin’-tho same source. UTE FROM FLORIDA. Wo ptfolislf bolow from one ofour Florida cor. respondent*, tho latest news from the seal ofwnr received hy the steamer Cincinnati, yesterday' from Pllntko. We learn vorlifttJy tlmt the number of Indian* who canin'in was thirteen, and they report tlmt quarrel hud taken -placo between Cou-cno-clm und Tusteuuggco. This nows connected widt the lute appearance of thu Indian*, hna to m, upon the whole, u favourable appearance, hut tlm*Iudian bproveibmlly « mighty unanrtln." FLORIDA, Dec. 0. Gk.xti.rmkz—I nth happy to stain to yon U»< t few Indians havo come into Fort King, wliu atulo that Aleck Tnstonnggco intends coining in iu a Tew days. This is nt least a straw at which 0 drownttig men catch. Very respectfully, jonr*. SittpWRKeK.—-Wu learn from CapL Rxith, of thu steamer Cincinnati, arrived at this port yes. terday from Black Creek, .that the schooner CAohe, from Baltimore hound to Pilatka, with Government stores, was wrecked on Bu John’s Bur, Odt inst. Vessel ohd’cargo total loss—crew saved. cur es pres* it appear* that thn trade i* now principally ried on under Porttigiiesecoiors;niid they exp the opinion that tho apprehension of tlreir pro- Hence 011 die slave-const lias in u great degree, ar rested the prostitution of the American flag to tin* inhuman purpose. It i* hoped that, hy con tinuing to maintain this force in that quarter, and by thn exertions oftlm officers in command, much vviilhn dune to put a stnp to whatever portion of this traffic may have been carried 011 under tho American flag, and to ptevntit it* use in ft trade which, while it violate* tho law*, i* equally an outrage oil the l ight* of others and the feelings of humanity-, The efforts of the several Govern ment* who nre noxiously seeking to suppress this traffic must, however, he directed against the facilities utihrded hy vvliut are now recognised us legitimate commercial pursuits, before that ob ject can be fully accomplished. BnppUel of provisions, water-casks, merchandise, and articles connected with the prosecution of tlm slave-trade ore, it is understoou, freely curriud hy vessels of dillnrnnt nations to tho slave factories; and thu ef fect* of the factors are transported openly from one alnVo station lo another, without interrup tion or punishment hy cither of tint nations to which they belong, engaged itt the commerce of tlmt region. I submit in your judgments Wheth er this Government, having been the fust to prohibit, hy adequate penalties, the slave-trade- die first to declare it piracy—should nut he the first, ulso, to forbid to its’citizens ail trade with tire slave factor* on the const nf Africa; giving example to all nations in this respect vv Inch, if fairly followed, cannot fail to produce Um most effective resTilta in breaking up thbsedrtiKonn- iquity- t M. VANBUREN. Washington, Dec.5,1840. From the N. Y. Journal oj Commerce, 10th inst, A day t.ATKii rno u Ciu.ta."—Tho ship Niantic, Cnpt. Doty, r.i this port, left Macao ott the 5th of July, being oue day later Uiau our previous at vices, Tlm American ships Adelaide, b<ipt» Stiihbxi and Washington, Cnpt Bansotl, Imd hoen de tained nt Boccn Tigris, hy the blockading squad ron. Application for tlieir release being made hy tlieir agents tn Cnpt. Smith, then at Macoa, lie rep lieu that orders should ho iumtedintely giv- on for them to proceed, in chnrgo iffnn officer, to tlw Cnp-sing-meon anchorage, where their ridpi would lie promptly investigated. As these altipi were 'Indmi prior lo tho 29th, nnd as they wore furnished with proofdiercor under tho Consular Beni, it is presumed that they will he relonsed. The Reiuibnt of Atijter reported la Capt, Dhty, af the Niautib, that uccoun s Imd been received at Batavia from Singapore to Iho middle of Au gust, bringing news of the failure of negotiation! THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. Tins long-expected documenthn* come nt ln»t. It is well written, as nil Mr. Vax Bunz.x’s papers nte.hud, n*i* usual with thorn, it,is quite replete with special arguments in support of his mens* ures. Tlw Message represents our relations with nil the Powers of the world, as being those of hon ourable (fence. A treaty af commerce aud navi gation has receuiiybcen concluded widt Belgium and with Portugal. Upon the whole, the enmment* 011 our fereigh relations uro very satisfactory. Mr. Van Buhkr speaks ofthe "soundconii* {ion of the finances" of die country, while die rot- ten bauks, generated hy crushing Um U. 8. Bank nnd the adoption of tho deposite system, are ex ploding in nil directions. lie says that '-every demand (pecuniary) upon Government ut home or abroad, Ims been prompt; ly met.” Now, it strikes us us strange, that su round nn assertion a* Ibis should ho made as to Inline matters, nt feast. Wo klitm of some Stage Contractors vvfio linvn received nothing for tho last six months, wllo would demur to diU propo sition. Our folio tv*citizen, Gen. Cmsoh, will rend the paragraph withiituiiingled nstdiifsliiiibfot, after his nnsuccoxaftri jotffhey to' Washington last June, iu quest of die claito allowed him by Congress. Air. Van Bumcn professes a holy horror nf for eign indebtedness, nnd mildly rebukes the States for making hums abroad. It seems to us that the President of the United States has no right what ever to say 0110 word on this subject to the sever al States. W e trust that the States nre not so far merged iu tlm operation ofthe General Govern ment, ns to snhmitto dictation in this matter, and we believe that the credit of most of the States composing thisConfedtfraey is still gooff, notwith* standing die paternal effort* of the pamphleteers of tk’w Administration (o throw discredit on State Bonds offered for sale in foreign markets. Tho President says that ho lms not fnnnd .it ne cessary “ to resort to 'the poictr conferred by Con gress of postponing certain dimes of public troths, cjcepl by deferring expenditures for a short time, upona limited portion oj thm.” It seems to ns n distinction without a difference, to say that they are deferred, not postponed. The effect is obvi ously the same—i.o. to withhold appropriations l*y Congress for specific objects. Witness (lie condition of life works ot ’Cockspnr Island. According to Noah Webster’s Dictionary (which die President certainly cannot moke use of,)— to postpone, means, 1st. To put off; to defir to a future 'or later,- time to delay. Sd. To set below something else in value or importance. It strikes ns that the President hAs n’dt spoken clearly in this matter. We approve highly of i«) much of the rae I sage ns relutan to Um reduction of pHttage, aud do not hesitato to repeat what we have said be* fore, that there is nu manifest danger to public liberty in the adoption bflh'o British systorn, or ofono analogous to it. As might havo been expected, a great pOrtit-n nf the message is on utabarato defence ofthe hard money, shin plaster, Sub-Treasury system—*(how a ck wo are of this subject). That system which three times was forced upon and forced through Congress, still receives the caresses of its foun der—and we cannot expect loss from Mr. Van Burkn, than that he should enlarge upon the beauty of his own creatioh. If he did not in this ulcdictory occupy the ground again, he would appear to ho strangely iheonsistent with his for liter practice. Accordingly he gdcs bVer the whole subject a* gain. IIU voice is fhfible howaver to protect n measure which Iins just been scouted nl front the sen-board to the prarifis of tho West. "If (“7*' tho President) n National Bank was, iu is unde niable, repiidintoif by tho frntnorsof the Const- lulion,” &c. &c. Now if, ns wo know to be the case, the same men who established the National Bank in 1701, also established one while in th® Congress Iff tho old confederation, it would ap pear that Mr. VanBnren'a remark is poorly turned by facts. Wo really have but slight rt* epect for the scuples of medbrn unscrupulous politicians, who, while lliby disregard nn open nnd palpable violation ofthe rights hf the States, ns in tliecnso ofNew-Jefooy,setup their opin* ione against those bf Wffihingtoit nnd Matron nnd Cliier Justice MdWiall, bn qtieitions of con stitutionality. The cbliltiry hoe pronounced m n voice of tlmndcr n.verdict upbn Mr. Van Hi i mb’s financial itiheHies, It tt, that they work budly. •>■■■%*' Suciio paragraph as tbb foilbwing grate*m°» liarshly on our ears; ' Thus believing, it has bebn my purpose ^ cure 10 tho whole peopl®, and lo every uiotubof of the cbtU'ednrany, hy general, 'Mtopfi q.,Dl m clone, iho benefit of IhW MM ■ .imiiallofii wltfolut »»«tho Qlid ahd ulm uriti- constitution tb ttlfiblbb) nud Ute flitpitriUl Iwj!