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SAVANNAH REPUBLICAN, SATURDAY, JUNE 15, 1850.
THE REPUBLICAN.
BY .). L. LOCKE j&-G0>
\\ \Y. MBX\Nl)fiR~ y ASSttl'lYVVi BlTttU.
1 > • 11 y- »»>pr r> l II tTrl-WMkly j8,inr mnnin.
' .a/- ThetonowtugfenUemenars authorised to acta*
J.T.Can
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A. MoLkj
T.JI.I'lj
it, Marten.
I.tbertycounty.
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in, 1U« klnuville, Pulaski county,
villa. Tclfolrcounty.
x, J.i< k .nuvilla, Teiiaircountj
Hint, Albany, linker enmity,
>s. Perry,llnuxtnn county.
MULL, Home, Floyd county.
it. Macon
Or?- Mr. KnncRT E. SsYi.Klsnur Agcntforths State of
South i MrnUnn, to collect nionoya iluo this office.
/- UTtuu* TaoMFtoM, 8. R, comet or llattlmore
ar! *««••"? streets, Is our rortlio City or llaltlniore.
,:f- t:. \V.r»UH,or Philadelphia, is authorlacdtoact
as ascot for thta paper. ,
•r/* V. it. Paumfu,If authorised toactas agentforthls
nnper in lti*sii'n,Pliil.nl«lplilanndNcw-York.
fey-H.E. Hull,Tallahassee.
A Happy Thought.—Sonto sweet warbler in
tlm London Timet utter* tbo following beautiful
sentiment. Lay it to your heart, friends. It con-
tains gcntlo but hcait-rcoching reproof:
Than Is a voice within me,
And 'tla so sweet a voice,
That its soil lisping wins me,
Till tears start In mine eye $
Hern Trum the soul it springeth,
Lika hidden melody t
And evermore It slngeth
This song of song* to me:—
" This worid is fun of beauty,
As other worlds abovo j
And If we did onr duty,
It might be full of love I ”
SAVANNAH, GA,
SATURDAY MORNING. JHNIS 15. 1830.
. Cobbeotior.—In tho lottor which wo published
yesterday from Chattanooga, the writer is made
to aay—"tho market value of corn here.a few
years ainco was onodollar por bushel; ilia now
hold at fifty cents.” The sentcnco should have
rend that tho value of corn some years since was
ten emit—not one dollar—but our compositor
would havo U his own way.
0$. The mails for Ilavana, CIngres, Panama,
California and Oregon, to go by tho steamship
Georgia, will bo closed at half*paat nine o’clock,
To morlow morning.
Judson’s Hotel, New- York.—A card|in nnoth*
or column, will inform our reader* whoro this
excellent Hotel la located. The traveller who
valuos comfort, and ia not willing to sacrifice
every thing else for the sake of stopping at the
" most ftshionablo house," will find Messrs. Jim*
son k Oakes most obliging and gentlemanly in
all their deportment, and at their Hotel every
thing that ie necessary or desirable to make a per*
eon feel at home.
The IIdman Bbain.—The question whether
tho intellectual faculties havo any dependence
upon, or bear any proportion to, tbe relative
weight and magnitude of the brain, is ono that
has long engaged the attention of philosophers,
without, however, having been in any degree
satisfactorily decided. The notion of such depen*
denco and such relation, howevor, iean extreme*
Jy common—and therefore, doubtless a very
natural ono; it Is proverbial to say of a roan of
great mind that he baa a big head, and of aweak
man that be has a smallone; and when we bear
of tho brain of such a savant as the celebrated
Cuvier have boon found to weigh some half a
pound more than tho avorago of ordinary brains,
and retnomber how diininutivo those of idols
often are, wo feel almost that the point is
settled, and the theory established as a law of
nature.
General obaervnUon*,'however are not eo favor*
able to the hypothesis ns isolated ones; and tho
further tho scrutiny is carried, and tbo more
exactly the experiments are performed, the
greater appears to be tbo difficulty of ascertain*
log any precise rule on tho subject.
This, it seems to us, is shown very clearly by
ilia researches of our distinguished townsman.
Dr. S. G. Morton, who has taken the lead of all
physiologists in the practical study of the human
skull, particularly in regard to its capacity, and
has by numerous publications, added vastly to
tho sum of our knowledge, and obtained a world
wido reputation, which was never better deserv
ed, because never more laboriously earned.
Tho latest tables published by Dr. Morton, pre
sent results which are highly interesting,although
some of them aro inopposition both toproconcctv*
ed opinions and to the supposed rule of relation.
Thus the general fact is truo that there is a differ
ence in the site of the brains of different races of
men: the most cultivated races having larger
brains than tho nncultlvatod.
The Caucasian family, for example, have
brains averaging a capacity of 93 cubic inches;
while Ihose of the Hottentots only average 76.—
Tho Chinese have au average of 86, the Aborigi*
nnl Americans 70.
But in opposition to all this, we have the equal
ly general, ntul somewhat incomprehensible fact,
that the barbarous races now in existence have
larger brains than the civilised nations of early
ages. This ia so far true, that the aemi-savago of
the desert now boasts of brains of 89 cubic inches,
while the old Egyptians, the builders of tbe pyr
amids, had brains of about 80 inches: and our
wandering red men of North America, including
tbo • Diggers,' • Poor Devils,* or Shoslioflcre, ar
they are variously called, of the Rocky Mourn
tains, rise to an average of 84 inches, while the
ancient Peruvians and Mexicans, who sre semi-
civilised, dwelling in cities and worshipping in
temples, bad but 89 inches.
There sre other facts, which appear from these
tables, of an equally curious character. Dr. Mor
ton divides tho modern Caucasian group into aix
families, of which the first in order, as ia brain,
is the Teutonic family, represented in bis lists by
Germans, English, and Anglo-Americans. Of
these tbe first and last named run up to 90 cubic
inches, while the English exceeded both by
no less than two cubic incites. Cousin John
will, perhaps, exult at. bis fancied superiority;
ami Jonathan may stare and feel indignant.—
Neither, however, should be precipitate. There hi
anotberand still more artnmalous fact exhibited in
these tables, which will suggest equanimity and
caution; which is, that lha native Africans, sav
ago though they be, have a similar excess of one
cubic inclt of brain over their civilised descendants
in the United 8tates, the former standing at an
average of 83, the other only 82 cubic inches.
These are facts wholly irrccuncileable with tbe
idea of tho intellectual powers being proportioned
• to the mass of tho brain. Wo have every reason
to know that neither the English nor the African
race has degenerated in auy way, physically or
intellectually, in tbe new world.
The experiments of Dr. Morton are directed to
ascertain tho cubic contents of the brain. Tho
older physiologists attended to its weight, and
they constructed tables, though very imperfect
ones, showing tbe average, or supposed average,
weight of tho brain, as compared with the real
of the body; and this in the lower animals, as
well as in man. Now every one knows that tho
relative weight Of a child’s brain is greater than
that of an ndult; and this is an iuitial fact, which of
coursedoes not speak very favorably of tbe theory.
Iiy a table (taken chiefly from Haller and Cu
vier) in Prof. Dunglison’s well known work on
> Physiology, it appears that the brain of a child,
at six years old, equals l-33d part of its body; and
that of an adult l-35th part. Un’uckily for hu
man dignity, although some of the monkey and
. baboon tribe sink as low as to l-40th part, others
of that race have brains of 1-JHd, or js large in
proportion as a child's. The gamecock and dol
phin tread and swim close on the lords of crea
tion's heel, their brains being l-26th part of the
weight of tbeir bodies. Tho little cnnnry bird,
however, beats man and monkey, dolphin and
game-cock, its brain weighing l-14th; while he,
Tn turu, retires in disgraco before the insignifi
cant humming-bird, whose brain expands to tho
immensity of Mltb of hia wbolo weight; as
Dr. D. informs us, on tbe authority of tbe late
President Madison. We find, from this table,
that the bat is a respectable animal; so is the
bear nnd the hedgehog, the mole, the rabbit, the
ox, the sheep, the donkey, the goose, and the
dignified creature that furnishes us Virginia
barns nnd lard oil; for they all come before,
having bigger brains in proportion than tbe
borso and elephant, both which, however, have
more intelligence than all the others put together.
With three examples before us, we shall cense to
wonder at—or, at a)l events, to lament the de
generation of braina in North America.—Phil.
Worth American. •
Manufacture op©iamonos.—Tbe Paris cor*
respondent of the London Times says" The
f-cientific worid lias been in a state of commotion
during tho wbolo week, in consequence of tho
publication of the discovery of tbe long sought
lor secret of tbe fusion snd crystallization of
carbon. Tbe Sorbonno baa been crowded (or tbo
last few days to behold tho result of the discovery
in tho fibnpo of a tolerable-sized diamond of great
lustre, which 51. Desprets, the happy discoverer,
submits to tbo examination of every chemist and
tavan who chooses to visit him. He declares that
so Jong ago ns lost autumn ho bad succeeded in
producing the diamond, but in such minute par
ticles as to bo visible only through the micros
cope, and fearful of raising irony end suspicion,
he had kept the socret, until, by dint of repeated
p experiments and great labor, he had completed
the one he now offers to public view. Four solar
Icon of immense power, aided by tbe tremendous
galvanic pile of tho Sorbonne, have been tho
means of producing the result now before us. M.
Dcsprctz holds himself ready to display tho exper
iment whenever it may bo required. Tbe dia
mond produced is of the quality known In tho
East as tho black diamond, ono single specimen
of which was spiel' by Prince Itostoff to the
I •'.TTDuko of York, tor the enormous sum of
reive thousand pounds 1"
i When wo heard a few weeks ago that char-
coal had been melted liko metal, we noticed tbe
fact a - being a near approach to the making of
nrtifu ial diamonds. We were not wrong; tho
r lino subic et occupied the mind of Sir Humphrey
H'vv. Hi -U>ve discovery however, is only a
farther approach to diamonds of tbe first or
second watcr.—Scientific American.
Deplorable and Sinoulae Account.—Tbe
<■'! n.'ph li.n already msde casual mention of a
shocking accident in Baltimore on the 7th, by
which the son of Mr. Widbhouse lost his life.—
The Patriot furnishes tho .following particulars:
"Mr. Warehouse, assisted by bis two sons, Fran
cis and Alexander, and another individual, wore
engaged in emptying the vault belonging to the
wbolcfalo drug store of Messrs Popplein &
Thompson, 1 on JJaltimore-stroet, next to tno Bank
pfH.diimoro} end, niter taking out n portion of
V*.contents, while Francis was on tho ladder in
trie \ auit, they struck upon foul air, which caus
ed him 1<1 lose his hold nnd fall into the sink.—
}**• r ""‘l the assistant attempted his rescue,
, but were affected So much by the gat as to bo
f, totally incapable of action. Alexander was not
fomercome. LutwSi enabled to cry aloud for
help. Mr. Jatuison, of tbo Bank., heard his cries,
and soon cmne « their assistance. IIo rescued
theeklcr Mr. H,nnd Frentsia from their awful
; 1 «rtcr a great
1 d«it uC .11 ,rl, tit.- »•». tp¬ in th. f.llicr .ml
. 1 Moth- r nun. liut whether or no Ihor will revive
is doubtful, i he cause of tho foul air is a matter
“ rcct pr0l,uccd
Editorial Correspondence*
HUNTSVILLE, >
(North Ala.,) Jane 9th, 1850. $
Enrroas Savannah Refusucan— Gentlemen:
I write from tho central point of a region, hither
to almost sealed from those on tho Atlantic, but
now accessible through our Rail Roads. This is
ono of the fairest domains in these States. From
tho landing on thoTenncssco to this point, (11
miles by a Macadamised road) the country smiles
with an almost unbroken succession of fields cov
ered with crepe of various kinds, in various states
of forwardness. 1 have always heard that Hunts-
vilio takes tho lead of most other interior town* of
tbe South, and such, I suppose, is the case. It
numbers nearly 4,000 inhabitants, and contains
two moat elogant public edifices, private dwell
ings of rare taste, and colleges of tbe most ap
proved neatness. The place ia abundantly sha
ded by locust, walnut, oak, chestnut and other
trees, among which tbe catalpae, now in full
bleom, are conspicuous, both as to number and
•isc. On ono aide of tho town an enormous spring
gushes forth from beneath a precipitous rock, the
face of which is fancifully covered with parasiti
cal plants. This water, after flowing forth, turns
a wheel that works a forcing pump, by means of
which it naccuds through iron pipes to a basin on
an eminence that commands the entire place.—
From this point the water is distributed to all
parts of tbo town. Tho surplus, or that not pump
ed up for use, flows out into a beautiful canal pre
pared for It. From my window, as I write, I see
this canal winding away through fertile meadows
to join the Tennessee, at a distanco of 15 miles—
the fall of some 35 or 40 feet—being overcome by
three locks. You may think my picture rather
Unfair, but you must remember that I have wit
nesses of its truthfulness at my elbow. This is a
point not to bo neglected by those who would
open commercial relatione with the fertile district
of North Alabama. Lands in this vicinity, and at
other accessible points along tiro river, which
used to sell for $20 an acre, aro sold at $50,
now that our internal improvements are comple
ted. The inhabitants once looked towards New-
Orleans—now their eyee are turned for all tba
future lo tho Atlantic coast.
Injustice to Huntsville, I must say a word or
two more. The Court House is a Doric temple,
surmounted by a cupola, which, in its turn, is
capped by a polygonal lantern of the Ionio order,
with a clock and four dials. This edifice in every
detail is of tbe purest architecture, and coat near
$50,000. The branch bank of the State has an
Ionio portico, with columns made from the
beautiful compact limestone, which is found near
tbo town. This building looks down upon tbe
fountain of which I have spoken, and a massive
wall of considerable height, covered with ivy,
rises from the pure blue water .to support one an<
Tire "bright particular star" of Huntsville,how
ever—the celebrity of the place—is the house of
Mr. Coliiovn, or rather what tho house contains.
Tills gentleman made, last year, if I am correct
ly informed, some 2,500 bags of cotton, (mostly
in Louisiana) and 600 hogsheads of sugar. He
has travelled much and profited much by his
travels. Ho baa in his bouse more than an bun
dled pictures, and some choice pieces of statuary.
Of the latter, a Venus partially draped coming
out of the bath, and a young Paris are much to
be admired. A beautiful bust of Ceres by Tad-
ouni, a copy of the Warwick vase, one of tho
Burgheao vases, tho sleeping lions of Canova in
miniature, Etruscan Vases, snd numerous other
objects of virtu compose this collection. The
pictures, I regret to say, are mostly boxed up.—
Three, however, sre exposed. One is a superb
copy of a subject often treated—Tasso reading
his " Jtrutaltm Delivered" before the Court of the
Duke Alfhonso of Ferara. U is a noble work,
with many figures in it, With varied costume and
expression. A portrait of Mr. Colhoun, his wife
and child, is a charming work, with tbe ruins of
two or three temples in tbe Roman Forum, and
the Arcli of Titus seen in tbe back ground. The
child (nearly nude) is an admirable specimen of
modern art both in daawing and colouring.—
I might speak of other objects in this boose bad!!
time. I will only allude.lo a magnificent service
of Bohemian glass, and to some plates, fruit
dishes, kc. for the table, of the Dresden porcelain.
Tbe United States can furnish nothing superior
to these last objects. Each piste has a landscape,
fioweis,ahead, or some other painting, in the
moat perfect style of art. They cost $20 a pit
an almost faboloua price; but it is well known to
most persons that this porcelain is only within
tbe reach of the wealthy few.
By far tbe most attractive portion of the Chero
kee country penetrated by (lie State Road, is be
yond Dalton. The valley of tbe Cbickamanga
which the Road pursues for somo thirty miles,
(crossing the stream of that namo some fourteen
times,) is very lovely. One does not wonder
that tho Indians wero so pained to leave it, nor
that tho white men so coveted it. Arriving at
Chattanooga, we were informed that two boats
were waiting for the cars—one bound to Knox
ville, and tho other down to Decatur.. The op
portunity being so inviting, we could but look at
Chattanooga and pass on. A glance, however,
suffices to show that the place is most eligibly
situated, and that it has lately taken a rapid for
ward movement. It has often been asserted that
Gunter’s landing, and not Ross’ lancffng (at
Chattanooga) was the proper point at which the
State Road should hnve terminated. This is i
gross error, and it should be corrected. The ter
minus of the State Road is just where it ought to
be—equi-distant from the end of navigation at
Muscle Shoals on tbe one side, and from Knox-
vilio on the other. It is, in short, the most acces
sible point that could possibly be selected, for the
receipt of tbe productions of that country, which
U was designed to command, and of course
therefore for the distribution of supplies-
Gunter's Landing, 120 miles or more lower down,
does not fulfil the same conditions. Chattanoo
ga is reached from tho highest ridgo in Georgia
by gradations of 35, or, at most, 40 feet to the
mile. You cannot carry a road to Gunter’s Land
ing without encountering grades of 84 feet to the
mile. And it is proper to ndd, that those eupho
nious obstructions yclept “ The Suck,” •• The Pot,'
kc., are more formidable on paper than in reali
ty. The ••Suck,” is a rapid always passable, with
or without a line attached to a capstan. The
”Pot,” is a simple whirlpool, where the river
bends at right angles—the ••Skillet," is another
and smaller whirlpool—and tho "Pan,” a yet
•mailer whirlpool. Neither of these last named
" obttrucliont” present the least obstacle to navi
gation. It were much to be desired that some one
else than boatmen had bad the naming and de-
acription of these celebrities. They have always
suggested to.my mind hitherto Pope’s lines—
"Dire ReylUAsrsa scene of horror forms,
And there Charybdis fills the deep with storms."
But as for the Scylla rocks, they are easily avoid
ed. and Charybilis is quite a pleasant rot to be
boiled in. The navigation of tbe Tennessee is al
most completely ubetructed by the Muscle Shoals
only sixty miles below Gunter’s Landing; and
under every view of tho case, I cannot help bo-
ing surprised that (separate from considerations
oflndividual interest) there evor was a party in
Georgia In favor of that route.
Huntsville is 600 miles from Savannah. We
were, periiape, 80 hour* in coming here. Hour
line were made continuous, we could have come
to Chattanooga in 32 hours, and to this point in
somo 45 hours from tbe *ea coast.
Yours, J. Lr L.
Peonaoe in Ni:\v Mexico.—'An interesting de
bate spiling up in tho sennit) a few days ago, in
regard lo peonage In New Mexico. It arose upon
an amendment proposed by Air. Walker, of
Wisconsin, to tho compromise bill, organising
territorial governments for Utah and New Alex)-
co. Tho amendment, which, sought to abolish
the system, wna lost, principally for the reason
that senators were not sufficiently informed to
legislate upon the subject.
Peonage ia a species of slavery resulting from
debt, and is bottomed upon contract. It had its
origin in tho civil law, and existed first in Rome,
thon in Spain, and fiunlly was introduced into
Aloxico while it waa a Spanish province. Henco,
wo have it at this day in New Mexico. The peons
of that territory are generally Indians who have
become indebted to the whites and are unable to
pay; though it is not confined entirely to them. It
ia said that any person, white, black, or copper-
colored, may bo made a peon, If he places him
self in tho condition of an insolvent debtor.—
Henco, if an individual should create a debt,
then peonage exists, if he is unable to dis
charge it; for this gives tho creditor the right
to take him before the alcalde, who gives him
power over tho peon until the debt is paid.—
The master then furnishes the debtor or peon
with all bis supplies, for which he charges his
own prices, and credits him with his services, but
generally takes care to strike a balnnco against
him, so that he is nevor ablo to discharge the
debt. The consequence is that tho peon be
comes a slave for life; and not only a slave for
life, but the debt descends to bis posterity, and
the children aro furnished with supplies by the
msstor in tbo earns way ae were the parents.
Thus the son, when he comes to maturity, finds
himself indebted to tho master to such an extent
that be can never freo himself, and consequently
he nnd his defendants ad ir\finitum are made
slaves irrevocably.
Different systems of this species of servitude ob
tain in different localities. Every city, every
town, every tnunicipelity has a right to make
regulations .respecting their peons or servants.
And perhaps there may be half a dozen different
systems now existing in New Alcxico, in differ
ent localities. In some places, for iustance, and
perhaps in all, tho peon cannot leave bis former
master or creditor, and engage in the service of
another, without first obtaining a certificate dis
charging biin from servitude. This discharge
may bo withheld on tbe moat trifling allegation
of debt, and thus the unfortunate debtor can bo
mnde a slave for life. Tho following ordinance,
adopted in Alontcrcy, will show that tiro discre
tion of peonage which existed there was of this
kind:
That no person whatever shall from henceforth
hire or take into his service any Indian without a
certificate from tho former employer of that In
dian stating that the said employer has no claims
ou the services of thst Indian lor wages advanced.
"Any person taking into his employment any
Indian without auch certificate, nnd advancing
any money or property to tho said Indian,shall for
feit any money or property so advanced; nnd if it
should be proved that any Indian has been enticed
away from tho service of his master, the person
convicted of having so enticed him shall bo liable
to a fine not exceeding twenty dollars, nor less
than fivo dollars."
Thus it appears that, while the northern people
have been seeking to preveut the introduction of
black slavery into New Alexico, not only black,
but white and red slavery too, was already toler
ated and cherished there as a local institution.
That this system of peonago will soon disappear
before American civilization and enterprize, with
out any special legislation on tbe subject either
by Congress or tbe local authorities, is hardly to
be doubted. It resembles in somo respects
law of debtor and creditor which prevailed not
many years since both in this country and Eng
land. By that law the creditor was entitled to
takeeveryarticloof property tho debtor
•ed, and, if that was not sufficient to liquidste tbs*
claim, be was entitled to the surplus proceeds of
his labor, or at his option to seize his person and
confine him within tho four walls of n jail. That,
we suppose, was peonage at tbe common law.
baa been thorn of much of its barbarity however,
through tbe liberalizing influences of the ago,
and peonage in New Mexico will doubtless share
tbe aamefate.
Congressional. „
In the Senate on the 10th lust., Mr. .Dickinson
preseuted a memorial from citizens of Schenec
tady, in favor of the adjustment bill reported
from tbe committee of thirteen. Tbo memo
rialists think that six months is a sufficient
length of time to give lo the black people, and
they urge tbo claims of twenty millions of white
people to the attention of Congress.
Mr. Psatt offered a resolution in reference to
the trade with Peru for gusno, and with a view
to put American vessels on an equal footiug with
those of other nations engaged in tbe trade.
The compromise bill was taken up, and Mr.
Benton spoke at longth against the union of the
California bill with other measures, and moved
that the further consideration of tbe bill be post
poned till the 4ih of Alarcb, 1851.
Mr. Halb took tbe floor, and replied to some
remarks made on Saturday, by Air. Dawson, and
vindicated bis consistency in his course on the
•abject of abolition. He stated bis intention to
retire from tbe strife and turmoil of political life,
and even from his scat in this Senate.
Air. Dawson rejoined at length, in explanation
of his former remarks. Mr. Dawson made i
additional remarks.
Air. Cass took the floor for to-morrow.
The Senate, after a brief executive session, ad
journed.
Home of Reprttentative!.
Mr. Dott introduced a bill to amend tbe act to
provide for tbe punishment of offences committed
in cutting, destroying, or removing live oak and
other timber or trees reserved for naval purposes,
"approved, March 2nd, 183!," which was read
twice and referred to the Committee on Public
Lauds.
Air. Evans, of Md., made sn ineffectual effort
to introduce s resolution to extend the time for
closing the debate on the California question, till
Tuesday two weeks.
Mr. Hamilton, of Md., presented a petition
from Samuel Luman.
On motion of Mr. Baylv, tho House resolved
itself into Committee of the Whole, and re
sumed the consideration of tbe California ques
tion.
The House was successively addressed by
Messrs. Bowdon, Gentry, McClernand, Wood
ward and Stanton, when the committee rose, and
tbe House took a recess until 7 P. M.
At the session of Saturday night, speeches on
tho California question were made by Messrs.
Hamilton, of Alary land, Butler, and McQueen.
Missouri,—Tim Whigs of tho First Congress
ional District of Missouri, nta meeting hold in
Cape Girardeau, on tho 23th ult., nominated John
F. Darby na their candidate for Congress, and
adopted resolutions in favor of the Clay Compro
mise.
Icebergs in the Atlantic.—Intelligence has
been received at London, from Newfoundland, of
an enormous Add of ice, upwards of one hundred
and fifty miles In length, floating in tho Atlantic,
along tho parallel of latitude 46°. Several ves
sels were beset, and it la strongly feared that, at
the Ico lies in tho direct track of vcssols crossing
tho Atlantic, some serious disaster will bo caused.
This early drifting of ice from the polnr sens ia
considered extremely favorable to tho expeditions
in search of 8ir John Franklin nnd bla com
panions.
09*The remains of Com. Georoe W. Rodoers,
who died at Rucnos Ayres somo eighteen years
ago, (and whose remains have lately been brought
to his native country,) were re-interred at Now-
London, Connecticut, on the 5th Inst. The cere
monies of tho occasion were solemn and impos
ing, and were attended by Governor Seymour
and his suite, detachments from tho Foot Guards,
the troops from Fort Trumbull, mid a large num
ber of military and naval officers, citizens from
alt parts of the Stato, lie.
Important from Port au Prince.—Washing-
ton, June 10.—By despatches laid before tho State
Department to-day, by II. E. Green, (arrived in
tho Vixen at Annapolis from Port au Prince) wo
learn that there is great excitement at Hnytl ns lo
anticipated difficulties between the black aud
white races, f. the last bntilo between the races,
in April, tho whites, though only four hundred
strong, were successful against six thousand
blacka, Who had several pieces of atiillcry. Rut
there is great danger of tho ultimate annihilation
of the Haytfen whites, as both British and French
are interfering In the contest, and taking tho side
of the blacks. The wbito population are under
8anta Anna, at Ilayti, and the black population,
under Soulouquc, at St. Domingo proper. Tho
whites number some three or four hundred thous
and, the blacks seven hundred tliousnnd.
From South America.—'Tho Havana papers
havo received datrs from Caracas to May 1st
Tho election of a new President for Venezuela,
an event shortly to tako place, excites more
interest than anything else. Tho dominant
parly is divided, the military portion going for
tho brother of Alonngns, tho present incumbent,
nnd the civilian for Eatanis Ino Rendon. Gen.
Paex still remained in prison, though he was to
be taken away by n national vessel of wnr, if
ono could bo procured. Tho action of tho Gov
ernment in relation to him had been approved by
Congress, by n vote of 25 to 20.
News from New Granada is to the 25th ult.
Congress had nbolished the duty on the tobacco
culture. The cholera was raging in Bogota.
Santa Anna was still at Cat thngcna and seemed
disposed to remain there.
In Ecuador tho revolution of February Inst, at
Guayaquil, had effected a chango in tho Admin
istration.
Peru continued quiet, notwithstanding tho con
test fur tho Presidency between tho friends of
Gens. Echeniqob and Vivanco respectively.
l-'OREIGty ISiTEbHtJKNCK.
\Yo glvo some additional details of European
Intelligence to tho lOlil May, brought by tho U.S.
mail steamer AUantUf, at Now-York:
Tho Atlantic brings 73 pnssongors, among them
G. W. Kendall, or Now Orleans, nnd Air. Dudley
Alsnn, into special agent to Hungary.
Tho Now York Courier speaking of tho pnesngo
of tbe Atlantic says:
Tho Atlantic has made an excellent passage—
cqunl to any thathaa over boen made, and against
a good many disadvantages of weather. Iter
machinery, we understand, worked admirably—
her engines not having once slopped from tho
timo of her leaving Liverpool until her arrivnl.
Sho averaged over thirteen revolutions per ininuto
during tho voyage. •
Tho Canada arrived at Liverpool from Halifax
on tho afternoou of Sunday, tho 2Glb.
Bnzlanil.
Tho British Admiralty propose to abolish tho
spirit ration in tho navy, nnd in lieu thereof, to
make an annual appropriation of £10,000,
Alias Jane Porter, the well known authoress of
tho Scottish Chiefs and many other standard
novels nnd romances, expired at the residence of
her brother, Dr. W. Ogitvio Porter, Portland-
square, Bristol, on Thursdny night, from a second
nttnek of pulmonary apoplexy. Allss Porter wna
in hcr74th year, nnd maintained to tho last mo
ment, uot only her intellectual faculties unim
paired, but that cheerfulness of disposition for
which sho had boon so much admired during her
long life.
France.
Tho London Times, in the course of a leading
article, says: Paris is perfectly quiot. Suit is;
and whnl is more, the most timid do not now be-
lievo that there is auy chanco fur somo time of its
being otherwise.
Its Express from Paris, alto brings the follow
ing items i
Letters from Toulon of tho 24th inst. announce
the sailing from that port of the steam vessels So
lon and Grandeur to reinforce the French fleet of
Naples. Captain Duqursnc, who recently com
manded the Jcnn when (he Pope visited the Med-
ilcrrnncsn squadron, lias received ordets to pro
ceed immediately to L'Oricnt and Rochefort to fit
out the Duqucanelin and another ship-of-tho-lino,
and tako them to the Brest. A levy of satlurs has
been ordered in tho fifth maritima arrunUisemcnt,
of which Toulon is tliocAr/ lieu.
Germany,
Berlin, May 22.—The following are the facts
attendant upon tho most infamuos act of intended
regicideTlu|Kingnnd Queen having loft Char-
loitcnburg this morning between eleven and
twelve o'clock, arrived at (ho Potsdam station a
few minutes after tho latter hour, and quitting
their carriage, rested awhilo in the royal waiting-
room, attended by tho aide-de-camps on duty.
The special traiti having been pushed forward,
his Majesty, giving his arm to the Queen, quitted
the wailing room, traversed the corridor, and
was <n the act of descending the first of the three
stone
The PtiESTEss a Man.—The denouement of
tho Alummy show in Boston is funny enough.
Tho Boston Courier describes it ns follows:
Tho Egyptian Alummy, whirli has formed the
subject of three highly interesting lectures from
Mr. GHdtlon lias turned out to be—as wns sup
posed from the hycruglyphics on the coffins and
upon tho shroud—tho (laughter of ii high priest
of Thebes. The jury of doctors who havo ex
amined tho body, report that it is it well devel
oped specimen of tiro masculine gender; nnd
Mr. Gliddon himself announced the fnct yester
day. Ho stated that the finding of tbo body of n
male in the shrouds of a priestess, wns owing to
a mistake mndo nt tho undertaker’s offico in
Egypt. Tho operators, ns ho surmises, after
giving ftfnd. Gor. tho first dip in the tar pot, lost
tho marks or her identity, and put a man in her
coffin.
.Tho various inscriptions, nrroinpnnying tlda
mummy, justified him in supposing that be bod
the body of a priestess. Though the termination
of thU scientific exhibition is awkward and lu
dicrous, it is not supposed to ho Mr. Gliddon’s
fault. Tho nudiencu present sccmod to sympa
thise in hisdisappointment yesterday, and when
he announced that the "body wns tlmt of a mun,"
the proclamation was followed by much applause,
from which wo inferred that the auditors wero
quite woll satisfied with all they saw, and bad ns
much respect fur tho bones or a peasant as for
tile bones of n priestess.
On Wednesday, Mr. Gliddon—after passing
over various heathenish symbols, some of which
ho could not then dccyphcr, on tho upper part of
the mummy—translnted the inscription on the
lower extremity, which wns after the fashion of
gravestone inscriptions of our owu day aud coun
try, thus:—
"Dedicated to Osiris,
"the God of the house of the living and the dead
Tho Syrian,
"Tho beloved of tiro God of tho western Heavens,
Got-thoth-anch-fh."
Relying upon the characters, it was Impossible
for Air. Gliddon lo expect to find nny other than
the body of a priestess in the cerements. At nny
rate, tho lectures were entertaining and instruc
tive, and we havo yet to see tho "first mnn" or
woman that was dissatisfied, although Got-thoth
got "into the wrong box."
Cusa Rumor.—The steamer Georgia, which
ayrived at New-York on tho 9th Inst., brought
the following intelligence from Cuba, which wo
find in the Expren:
"At 12 o’clock on the 6(h inst., an American
brig from which wna taken some California etni-
grants, supposed to be invaders, was towed past
the Georgia and Sarauac in the upper harbor. A
ship, name unknown, was captured at the same
Bme, nnd anchored at the mouth of the harbor.
Tho brig is said to be the Rolia.
" The persons token in these vessels are con
fined in the Aloro Castle, and oil uccess has been
denied the American Consul to them. It is gen
erally believed in Havana thst there is no evi
dence against these vessels or the prisoners, the
vessels being regularly cleared for Chsgres, aud
captured on the coast of Yucatan."
It appears from this, that (ho Cuban authorities
have succeeded in capturing other vessels besides
tbe Georgiana aud the Susan Loud.
03* AJadainc Bishop, arrived at Columbus in
this State, a few days ago, where she will give
a few concerts. She is now on her way to the
Northern cities.
Minister to Russia.—Ex-Governor Neill 8.
Brown has left Nashville, Tenn., en route for St.
Petersburg, to assume the duties of bit post as
Minister to Russia.
03- Gen. Wool appears to be unfortunate in
tho matter of horses. In addition to the loss of bis
favorite " Buena Vista," and another horse by
fire, the Troy Whig narrates the following:
Only last week a black Mexican pony— called
by tho boys "Santa Anna," which Gen. Wool
brought with him from Mexico, died suddenly.—
This pony was presented to the General at Buena
Vista two days efler the battle, by his Mexican
friend, Don Manuel de Tbarra.
Dying of Joy.—A New-York letter in tbe Phil
adelphia Inquirer, says:
•• A death from sudden and unexpected joy oc
curred hero yesterday. A poor German emigrant
who left die home of hfa fathers, nnd all (lie asso
ciations of a long life, to seek tho now world with
the view of bettering his fortune, actually was
unable to boar the shock of seeing it well-bt-lovcd
brother. The moment his eye fell on his coun
tenanre, his frame was convulsed—he swooned
with joy—sunk snd died. Tho fond nnd devoted
heart has censed to beat, and its possessor has nt
last found quietude in that place whero tho wick
ed cease from troubling, and where the weary
are at rest.”
Such cases as the above have been recorded be-
fore, showing tiro fearful power the passions have
over that mysterious princip e called Life. It is
related that ono of the patriots ul the Revolution,
upon hearing the news of the surrender of Bur-
goync, swooned, burst n blood vessel and expired,
purely «ho result of excitement cause by excess of
Joy! Tho same melancholy effects nave been
produced by fear and grief. Syncope, vomiting,
loss of speech, and even permanent insanity have
frequently followed some terrible and uncontroll
able mental impression. Every one who liras hud
any experience in epidemics lins observed tho ef-
feels of fear in predisposing tho system to attack,
and in causing fatal terminations. These undo-
niable facts ought lo teach us several practical
Irasons, and to be heeded mare than they are.—
fhey show the folly and criminnlity of try-
V?. . t0 firfffM® 1 * people—especially females nnd
children—out of mere wautonnees, and of shut-
ting up the latter in dark rooms ns means of dis
cipline. I ho wickcrincssofalnrmingandcx-
aggerated reports in times of nny extraordinary
excitement, is also apparent, as is tho mischicvoui-
ness of continually burping to the timorous about
dauger in lintu of au epidemic, or to any persou in
ill heal th .—Exchange.
steps which led from tho passage to
platform, where stood tho royal railway cor*
ringo, when his spur striking ugsinst tho pro
jecting arm of tho step, caused his Alnjesly to
slip or stagger, and at tho snmo time to throw up
his right arm in an angular position ns n coun
terpoise ; nt this instant, n mnn in tho uuifoim of
n sergeant of artillery, who had been allowed to
advance closo to tho constables nnd two sentries
who aro usually posted on cither side, pushed
through them nnd the few bystanders, stooped or
half knelt down, and drawing a pistol rapidly
from his bosom, fired upwards, nnd with such
deliberate aim that (lie hall struck tho lower inucr
part of the King’s foro arm, traversed the flesh
between tho skin nnd bone, without fortunately
injuring tho latter, and passed out within an inch
or so of the elbow. His Majesty staggered, by
slipping in tho first instance, nnd then, by tho
tot co ul the ball fired within three or four feet of
his person, lost his Ixtluneo, but wna immediately
raised by Colonel Bonin and Count Waldcrsoe,
aides-de-camp in wailing (we believe) aud wus
carried into an udjncent room, where lie became
extremely faint fur a lew seconds, but quickly re
covered.
From Berlin wo learn Hint tho reports of the
King’s health nro unfavorable; somo degreo of
fever has sot in, ami tho wound itself is swollen
and much inflamed. Tho target nt which the
eriminnl Scfclogo practised pistol slwoling has
been found, and evidences that ho was a good aud
steady shot.
Tho criminal Srfcloge is confined in thostrong-
est part of tho Stsdtvogtei prison called the Riea-
enhurg, nnd special measures of precaution aro
ndopled both to prevent nny attempt at csciroe* or
at suicide; ho is watched by two police officers,
and, as usual in cases of tnurdor, is heavily iron
ed. IIo has recovered from tlm effect of thosword
wound on tho head, and tho blows ho received
from tho bystanders before ho could bo rescued
from them. Ho expresses no rcpcnlanco for his
crime; on the contrary, lie hss regretted that bo
did uot succeed in his design.
Commercial Nummary.
London Money Market, May 28.—In conse
quence ufan impression that an arrangement of
tbo misunderstanding with Franco Iwd taken
place, and was likely to bo forthwith announced!
the English funds opuned this morning nt nn im
provement of more than n quarter per cent, which
wns iiinintnincd at (bo elute uf business. Tiro first
quotation of consuls wns 96 lo j, and they left off
at Hint price, both for money nnd account, after
huving temporarily been sellers nt 9fl. Bank
Stock closed 206J to 2U7 j J Reduced, 95 lo j;
Throe nnd n Quarter per Cents 96! lo 97; Long
Annuities 8|; India Stock 2C6< to 269; Inriin
Bonds 87s. to 90s.; and Exchequer hills 68s. to 71s.
premium.
In tho foreign Stock market the operations wero
limiter!. Consols for Aloney, 961 to 961} do. for
llio^ccouut, 9611® 96J.
There wns moro firmness in tho Corn mnrket
this morning, and (be rates of Alondny lost were
maintained.
Paris Bourse, May 27.—Latest Prices.—Fivo
per Cents 90f. 90c.; Three per Cents 60f. 45c.;
Bank Actions 2,160f.
London, Alondny, Alay 27.—The corn trade
throughout tho past week hss been dull, nnd in
some of tho leading markets in tho country a de
cline of Is. por quarter on wheat was acceded to,
not from any apparent cause, cither of moro fa-
vorahle weather for the growing crop or exceseof
supply, but because the prices had given way in
Mark lane. The weather hns fluctuated here du
ring the past week, but tho accounts from the
country do not stato any other injury from it
than what may result from retarding tno growth
of tho crops.
The fresh supply of English wheat has been
smaller than fur some time pnsl, but tho foreign
srrivals have increased, nnd being more than ad
equate to the demand, sales of both English nnd
foreign were made with difficultyat last Monday's
prices.
Tho continued nrrivats of French flour have a
very depressing effect on tho trsde, end tho prices
scarcely maintain last week’s rates.
The dcninnd for floating cargoes of Indian
corn nnd Polish Odessa wheat is not so animated
as lust week, but tho prices asked are about the
snmo.
In seeds and other articles there was no partic
ular alteration.
Tho French funds continuo to improve, the let-
tcra from Paris tn-day reporting a further advance
of ) per cent. The market at Amstcidam is also
represented to ho much bolter. Tho Notional
Fdnds were firmer, and in tho Foreign Securities
a great deal of business is doing in Spanish,
French, Peruvian, and Mexican, at a rise In all.
MANurACTORiNo DISTRICTS.—'The accounts of
the stato of trado In tho provinces during
tbo past week Bfo comparatively of liltlo im
portance, owing to the intervention of tho holi-
dnys. At most of (lie markets, however, there
lias been continued firmness, and at Manchester
there hnve been signs of au improvement in tho
demand for India, Germany and Greece. At
Leeds nnd Bradford light stocks, combined with a
steady business on tbe nnrtol tho shipping houses,
have again contributed to a prospect of increasing
prices. At Nottingham, |he hosiery trade hns
been maintained, principally by the orders from
America, the homo dminnd being very languid,
while, as regnrds Ince, the market has been flatter
than nt any time during the year, this branch of
business being cspccinUy interfered with by the
unchanging fiarthncMof the weather.
IIamburo Market, AIat 24—Coffee very firm
and slowly tending upwards. Regular transac
tions for the trade during (lie week down to yes-
toidny—8000 bags of Brazil, 1600 bags of Do-
•Dingo* and 1000 bagsof Laguayra; to-day about
3000 bugs, mostly Brazil, at stiff rates. Sugars
Itxvu equally realized a small advance with mode-
rate sales. Colton—Nothing doing, hut firm.
Hides quiet. Rice firm, nyjreviou* rates. Pep-
per in belter demand. Wool quiet, in conse
quence of flat accounts from England ; prices,
however, since Tuesday, aro not altered to any
great extent. * r
The weekly reports from Amsterdam and
Rotterdam slate that the Coffee market was in
rather a belter position, and that holders were
firm. I here was nn inrreased inquiry for Rice,
but no advance had yet taken placo in prices.
Indigo was fetching full quotations. Sugar re
mained inactive.
The letters from Rouen mention that business
in manufactures had not been extensive, but
prices wore nevertheless very well supported.
03" The New-York Expren makes the follow-
ing quotation from a recent article in tbo Louduu
Ttmei on the subject of California:
" The Old World is very slow to comprehend
California. It is as amazed nod stupefied at tho
spectacle ns a mnn who has seen a beast, or a me-
four, or an exceedingly impertinent stranger.
Every step in the progress of this dashing uow
stale seems to take us by surprise; and by the
time we open our eyes wido enough to take in
one wonder, another Is announced. While our
geologists were talking about auriferous streams,
and granite, and quartz, there were assembled on
the bays and rivers of Californis a community of
a hundred thousand men—now perhaps of double
that number. While our humorists were indulg-
fog In grim jokes at the vicissitudes nnd porilsof
California existence, conventions bad been held,
a council had been elected, order had triumphed,
and the laws were obeyed. By the timo a ready,
made house bad been sent out from the Thames a
elty had been built, half destroyed by fire, and
then rebuilt ou a grander scale. At bat our peo
ple did begin to move, and they committed all
sorts of blunders."
What these blunders are, the Editor next pro
ceeds to tell us. British merchants havo been
dispatching goods,.ft soems, to a market already
overstocked with importations from United States
ports. John Bull sent out all sorb of rubbish.
tho
The race between the Pizarbo and the
Creole, after all, apart from the serious conse
quences that might have grown out of it, must
havo been indescribably amusing to on uncon
ccrncd spectator, if there were any such on board
of either of tho vessels. A letter from Key West
says:
" The little Creole, (hough none of the fastest
crabs in the water, kept bravely ahead nf her nu
merous pur«ucrs)until Dor supply of fuel gnvo out,
when wit had to supply the place of steam.—
rinding it impossiblu to reach the port of Key
West, the bout waa run into nn impervious she!
ter between aud behind some of tho many small
islands and sand keys in the immediate neighbor
hood, while the sea was doited all over with tho
•ails and hulls of the entire Spanish force, in hot
pursuit. Missing their expected prey,—fur tho
?« re *,°.£ lhe . . l ‘l° w . cre quickly out—the prin
cipal Spanish vessel nf war entered the harbor
and anxious but vainly inquired for tho fugitive.
Gathering no tidings, oil put out toscangain, and
made for the Gulf; all of which, with tue hidcra
and the seekers in full view from the post, was
witnessed with deep anxiety by many a fair and
watchful eye. As soon as the moment was favor
able, every bunk on the boat; aud even thoclothea
of tbe men, were thrust into the furnaces to raise
steam. So soon as her smoke was perceived, the
chase was resumed—the Spaniards returned—and
the gallant Jittie Creole crowdod towards the
mouth of the harbor. Many a prayer went op to
give speed to the pursued, |and .they wero an
swered and granted. Comiug safely to moor-
logs, the men marched rapidly to the barracks,
and the soldiers and officers at the post, of nil
grades and services, unanimously proffered them
protection and help."
03“ As you would rave tbe strength and wind
*f a horse, drive slow up hill; and as you value
'our own and tho lifo of the horse, drivo slow
Inwn lit 11. Hut on • Im«I jf y ou j nuc [
him slide."
(own hill. But on level ground, ..
irivo fast, draw a taut rein, and "letb
inking »uy tiling would do for tho rougjl nub--
jccln with whom his fancy had peopled that fab
ulous region. They were dressing the gold
hunter with slops from the Minorics, nnd Inlying
his dust with gnmly furniture nnd other refuse of
llioaliops. These cargoes they sent out witli ns
liltlo precaution ns they would on investment of
red cloth nnd glass bends to n newly discovered
stand in (lie Pacific. Tho consequence is, heavy
osjcs. commercial embarrassments, and indi
vidual losses. Tho Times, however, consoles
itself with the reflection that "oxpcriouco tenches
foolt.” >
From the National InltUigenctr,
Tho United States and Spain—Official.
Tho following letters from Ibo Secretary of
Stato to the United States Consul at llavann,
■how llio view* of tho Administration in regard
to tho prisoners who havo been taken by the Span
ish Government:
Department or State, )
Washington, May 31,1860. $
Sir: Your despatches of the 21st, 22d,twooi
tho 23th February, 7llt and 8tl» of March, (bice of
tho 8th, three of tho l?ih, two ur the I'Jtli and 97tlt
or April, 8th, iGth, 17th, 19lh ami 22d of May,
1860, havo been received.
Tho duties devolving upon you fh consequence
of tho fnlu of the hostile expedition against CuIm.
will require tho exercise uf all the prudunce and
finnncaa which you can cotmnund. It is tho Pres
ident's determination to sustain (lie honor of this
Government by tho faithful discharge of our obli
gations towards Spain. For this purpose, prose
cutions will be commenced against any persona
within our jurisdiction who may have been con*
coined in tlm expedition, contrary to tlio exisllna
laws. Whilst actuated by this spirit, of good faitli
towards our neighbor, however, tho President ex
pects that the Spanish authorities will not allow
thcuiaelves to bo misled by exultation or von
ge/tuce to injure, in their persons or property, any
of our citizens in Cuba against whom no probable
cause of proceeding may exist; and lie demands
that thoso wliu may bo charged with guilt shall
havo a fair trial. A diflerut course would be sure
to arouso a feeling in this country which might
defeat tho administration of justice towards such
K cr«ma nn may bo arrested for uffcndlng against
io laws, and iudeed might render ft Imprnctlca
bio to prevent further violations of those laws lo
an extent much more likely to result in peril to
Spanish dominion in that island.
But, although your duties will be at ones ar
duous and delicate, you will bear in mind that
they must bo auch as strictly belong to the Con
sular character under (ho Inw of nations. Tho
SpanlftU Government lias refused to consider your
functions ns in any respect diplomatic. You
will, however, bo vigilant in ascertaining who,
among your countrymen, in your Consular dis
tiict, are charged with crimes against thn sov
ereignly of Spain. You will see that they havo
a fair trial, and if in any instance this shall bo
refused, you will rcpnrt a lho fact to tho Depart-
BY TElliORAPH FOR THE IIKl’IJBMCAN.
. _ TICK, 1
ClIAnLr.RTON, June 14—8.20 P. M. j
Tho NaslivilloConvcnIionou the 12th inst, was
occupied discussing amcntjoicnls to an Address.
Tho Connecticut River Bank lias been robbed
of twenty tltousond dollars; tho thieves, vamosed,
but tho money hns been recovered.
iVeto* York, June 13.—Cotton firm. Rico quiet.
Couatr.n Office, i
Charleston, June 14—10.16 P. M. {
New-Orleans, June 14fA.—Cotton—Yesterday
3,600 bales wero sold, prices firmer sinco Cano-
da, but no Advance; middling lljtoll}; good
middling 12|. Rice firm n( 4| to 4j.
New crevnsso hns occurred in Grand Levee,
Paris Point, (lie richest sugar region ; estates
suffer immense loss; nil efforts to stop U aro frail-
less.
Couaicn Office,
munt, in order that theSpanlahGovnrnmeut inuy
bo held accountable.
Foreigners delected on board an American
vessel, equipped and armed for an invasion of the
territory of u friendly nntion, cannot bo allowed
to use our ling ns a lmud to conceal their pur
poses, or to protect them in tho act of invasion.
It is truo that Ibo 16lli articlo of our treaty with
Spain of 1795 declares, "it is also agreed that tho
same liberty uo extended to persons who are on
hoard a free ship, so that, although they hoeno-
mi os to either party, they shall uot bo made pris
oners, or inken out of that free ship, unless tltey
aro soldiers, and in actual service, of the euo-
nncs.” This stipulation expressly acknowledges
tho right of Spain to tako armed enemies out of
tho United 8lates vessels. Inasmuch, however,
as this right may ho abused, in the event of any
nbusuoflhal character coming to your know-
ledge, you will take suitable steps fur obtaining
rcdri •>.
In general, tho protection of Governments is
duo to Ihose only who owe them allegiance. If,
therefore, nny parsons, not citizens of the United
States, shall have been arrested upon a charge of
being concerned in the expedition, they will havo
uo right to your interposition in their behalf.
There may, indeed, he cases in which humani
ty might require, nnd would warrant, Ilia exer
tion of youi personal good offices to save tho lives
of individuals. Still, it would not bcadvissble to
intefero even lo this extent withot s reasonable
prospect of success; nnd (lie expediency of any
interference will demand tho cxorciseof your best
discretion.
1 am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient ser*
vant. JOHN M. CLAYTON.
To Robert E. Camplell, Esq.
Department or State, )
Washington, June 1, 1850. 5
Sir : From various sources of information, I
conjecture that the Spanish authorities in Cuba,
in their exccssivo zeal to punish (lie invaders uf
(lint island, and nil connected with them, while
flushed with victory, may possibly forget the dif
ference botween crime and intention to commit
it, and wreak their vengeance ou American citi
zens, cither nativo or naturalized, uut guilty of
nny act uf invasion or depredation upon Spanish
territory. It is said and believed here, that runny
such were ai rested on an island near the coast of
Yucatan, rnllcd Contuy, within the territory of a
Power having friendly relations with the United
Slates. As all tho iacts are uot in our possession,
the judgment wo may have formed of tho rap
ture, abduction, and punishment of Ihcso men
in ay possibly be very erroneous.
Uut let us suppose that the men captured on
the Mexican island were American citizens, and
had occupied it, intending to invade Cuba, still I
ennnot recognisu tho right of tlicSpauish author
ities to hang, gnrote, or shoot them for Hint in
tention. There was yet a locus penilenlia left for
every tnan of them, nnd they might have re
turned to the United Stntrs, guilty, indeed, of a
violation of the laws uf tlipirowu country, hut
of no law, Hint I am nwaru of, under which
Spain could have punished them. The intention
to commit crime ia not per se crime. Some overt
act must accompany the intent. A design to
commit murder is not murder, nor is it, witliout
aoino ntlcmpt to carry it into execution, punisha
ble by the laws of man, however guilty the of
fender may be in foro conscientics, and by (lie
ordinances of Ids Creator.
The President means to claim, for the Ameri
can occupants of tho Mexican islnnd, thst they
were not guilty of nny crime for which, by ilia
laws of civilized nations, they should suffer death.
Thoy may have been, and probably were, guilty
of crimes for whirli this Government ought, in
good faith, to punish them, under tho act uf Con
gress of 23th April, 1819. But supposing the facts
relating to their capture to be as they are repre
sented to us, the President is resolved that tho
Eagle must aud shnll protect them against nny
punishment but that which tho tribunals of their
own nation may award.
Tell tho Count of Alcny lo send them home to
encounter a punishment, which, if they are hon
orable men, would be worse than nny he could
inflict, in the indignant frowns and denuncia
tions of good men in their own country, for nn
attempt to violate the fuitli and honor of a nation
which holds its character for integrity of more
value and higher worth than all the Antilles to
gether. But warn Idin in the most friendly man
ner, nnd in the true spirit of our ancient treaty,
that if he unjustly sheds ono drop of American
blood, at this exciting period, it may cost Ilia
two countries a sanguinary war.
I am exceedingly anxious lo ascertain nil the
facts connected with tho capture of our citizens
on the Mexican Islnnd, and their fate. Write by
every favorable opportunity. Keep me well ad
vised of every thing progressing in Cuba.
I learn this morning that there is a rumor afloat
that more Americans (some say thousands) havo
landed nn (lie south aide of Culm.
By this timo Hie frigate Snrnnac must have
joined tho Albany and Gcrmnnlown. Thoy
ought to lie able to protect our countrymen wlw
are nut guilty of the invasion. *
I am, sir, very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
JOHN M. CLAYTON.
To Robert G. Campbell, Esq.,
United States Consul, Hxvann.
Hunched Mile Match.—The trotting match
ngainst lime, of one hundred miles within ten
huiira, in harness, fur a purso of $1,000. came off
yesterday at the Cenlroville Courso. At twonly
minutes past 8 o’clock tho start wns mndo, the
gentleman who made the match, (Mr. John Pur
dy) himself driving, and tho feat was accomplish*
ed in nine hours and forty-nine and three quarter
minutes—or ten ami a quarter minutes within Hie
stipulated 1 time. This is tho greatest perform
ance, in tho trotting line, (hot hos ever taken
f dacoin this country. The ting, after emerging
loin this tremendous ordeal, exhibited no symp
toms of excessive fatigue. The drivor of the mure
la tho son of Mr. Purdy, who rode Eclipse (lie se
cond and third heals of his great race with Sir
Henry, in 1824.—N. Y, Tribune.
Courier Office, )
Charleston, Juno 14—10.15 P. M, {
JVeto- York, June 14,6} Evening.—Cotlon firm-
or—threo thousand bales sold to-day. Middling
Upland 19| to 12|; Orleans, 12} to 12j. Flour
has declined alx cents. Corn is unchanged.—
Coffbo—-4,000 bags Rio sold to-day at7jto9|.
Sterling, 10; Government Stocks drooping.
Nashville Convention,
The Nashville Convention adjourned on the
12th Inst., to meet at Nsshvltle six weeks after
adjournment of the present Congress. An ad
dress wns presented by the people of tho non-
slsvoholding States—laid on tho table without
reading. The addreae by Commilteeo to the
South end wholo country hns been adopted
with amendments, though some voted against it.
Il^embodies strong dignified protective grounds,
though favours reasonable equitable compromise.
There wna sumo excitement, but tho proceedings
throughout, were manly dignified, conciliatory,
but firm.
Commcvcfnl XntctIfQcncc.
Latest Dates,
Livaaroot-, June 1 | IIxvrk, MajrW | Havana,June 8
SAVANNAH* AlARKET.
Tho tales yesterday amounted to 1,990 bales, it the
following price*: fiVst l!#|337at 19; 90S at 19),; SOI it
19g;93 nt 19«; and 901 et 19# cents. The market
closed Ann at foil prices.
gAvimnnh Exports-June 14,
Par brig e t 'pben Young, (br Portsmouth, (N. It.)—
103,000 feet Timber.
Griffin, Jane M—Cotton—For e wiftlt our mar
ket ha* been rather dull and prices rattier In femur or
bu) ere, but y<-terilsy snd to-day there is rather a better
demand, snd prices are full. Hales yi slrrdny about COO
“* •" " Principal sales good raized lots et
. . . June 1«»—Cotton.—Thrift t*»o
little ortho article brought to this market just now, that
it would be difficult to say wlmt are current rates. They
would not, however, materially very from those of lest
week, so that the same quotations may be given, say.10
to 11#.
Mobile. June 8, P, AI.—Onr Information from va
rious set lions, retnt lug to lira growing crop, is still, we
re*ret to say, v«ry unfornmMe, and wc fenr thst tho most
favorable seasons from this time forward will not ensure
even a half crop.
Cotton —The totnl sales of the woek nro 5,00) bales,
taken mostly for England, domestic buyers participating
to a moderate extent.
I.tvaarooL Classification.—Culinary — ft lit Alld-
dltng — tt 11#; Good middling — © II#; Middling felr
19 ft 19#} Fair nominal.
The receipts of the week amount to E59 bates, and ex
ports to 4,616 hates—leaving the slock on hand and on
shipboard not cleared, 61.811 bates. Total receipts of th*
season'np to dais, 393,570 bales, against 509^b71 bales
same time last year.
Itios—Quotations remain at 3# 48 4# cents V pound.
Fskioiitb—In foreign tlirru is no change. An Ameri
can rhlpliMM pnninii nfln-r cargo engaged for hirer.
E nl at #d- A llrifis)i bartjuu hns been placed upon the
nil and demand- same rate. Coast wire some transac
tions have taken place at £3 per bale; but masters gener
ally are deinnndlag a listr cent. A schooner taken for
Providence and one fnrllostnn at 89 per bale. Three
vessels hnve cleared during tlm week Air Analarhicohi,
under charter lo load for New-York at a lialr cent.
Charleston. June 13.—Cotton.—There was an
active demand for Cotton yrsterdny, which resulted in
the sale of upwards of 9300 bales, at fait prices, and in
some instances holders obtained nn #e. advance on tbe
preceding day. The tmnsncllnns were ns follows:—7
boles at 10#, 93 nt 10#, 95 nt 10#. 91 nt 11, 97 at It#,
aaaatii#,deastii7-k 4B3atH"
II#,56 at
eeuls.
EXFORTS—JUNE 19.
Providrnrr—Itarqiis Providence—634 bnlrs Upland
Cotton, 8 package* Mdxe., and (II .000 feet 1.umber.
IIaltimorr—Nchr. Kossuth—I3H bales Upland Cotton,
47 tea. Rice. 33 bales Yarn, 99 bags Feathers, 19 pkgs.
Mdse., 11,031 feet plnnlr.—Line sehr. Edwin Farrar—
43,000 Flooring Hoards.
AYKlt'N CHEURY PECTORAL,
For Uie Cure qf Coughs, Colds, Hoarseness,
Bronchitis, Whooping-Cough, Croup,
Alhma and Consumption.
In presenting this JustJy celebrated remedy to the
community, we make no wild assertions of tu efficney,
nor U any hope held out to the afflicted which feet* da
not warrant. Many proofs nro here given from the first
men tn the notion, and from the humblest sufferer. They
era fnct* fiom which the inquiring can Judge lor them-
selves. They have generally been given unsolicited,
as an acknowledgment for relief from suffering, or from
the still more Uudntda motive of benefiting other* In
distress. Itosults ere (continually showing that tho me-
did no fully sm-inln* the best anticipations thst are formed
of it, end tbo high reputation it enjoys.
Dr. Perkins,
The venerable President of the Vermont Medical Col
lege, st Csstlclon, Vt., one of the most learned griiyei-
eisnsin the country, consider it s composition or rare
excellence for ths cure or tlmt formidable disease, con
sumption.
J'Yom the Editor qf the New England Diadem,
An. educated and nighty Intelligent phyriclan. Ills
opinion is also conenrred In by other learned gentlemen
or the medical profession in that city.
Frqvidbror, it. I. Oot. 13.1840.
J. C. Ayer, Esq. Hear Hir: Although not In Hie habit
of reconimeudlng proprietory medicines, it affords me
pleasure to ccrjhy in favor of yours, snd odd mine to Uie
lestimonals you have already received from so many
sources in relation to your de»«vedly popular Cherry
Prctoral, which 1 regard rs a most useful and scientific
.preparation. I hsva prescribed It In numerous cases, nnd
always with tlm happiest results, indeed, I nrn not aware
that wo possess another remedy st all to lit compared
with H for Efficiency tn pulmonary affections.
Very respectfully yours,
P vr'."L'{!!, TUHNni",:
may 20 . 9mo—tlutu (
it, at ii;,,
#,9fi6ntll#, Wei
19,52 nt 19#, 35 st 19#, and 380 bales at IS#
OBITUARY.
Dien.ln Charleston, on Nnnday evening, 9lh Inst.,
El.EANnlt, only child of Emily and the late Tuao-
dorr Miris—aged eleven month*.
JUDMON’S IIOTKL,
BY C. JUDSON fy CO.,
No. OI Droadwny, New-York.
Cdrtts JtJDfON. Far DERICK O AXES, Ja.
Juno 15 Imo
SAVANNAH AIUTUAL INSURANCES COAIP’Y
OF THIS CITY.
C. P. Kiohardsokr, Pres’L J*S. A. No Rais, Bee’ry-
Tnutuei—C. P. nirhardsone. II. F. Waring, Hiram
Poberts, Henry Lnlhmp, II. D. Weed, N. U. Knapp, I.
\V. Morrell, E. F. Wood!
Thn above Company i» now prepared to tske Marine
nnd Fire Risks In this City or lire surrounding country
on the niiMt favorable terms. For which, apply to the
Secretary St their Office, No. 159, on ths Ray.
June 11 |y
RECEIPTS OF COTTON, Ac-Jnue 14.
Per sehr. Ella* Reed, from Rnmswlck-30 bales Sea
Island Colton, to E Reed, snd others.
CONSIGNEES.
PerbnrqtinCarolina,from New-York—TTB
Wnyne, Ambler, Itanium & Co, Rriglmm. Kelly A Co,
P Ii Rehn, - it flrlrk, J C Brows. M A Cohen, U Crans
ton, Cooper k (Hilt-land. II Cnwnn, J DeMarlin, /.Dick
son, J Hoyle, Franklin k Rrnntley, A Fanner, IV W
Goodrich, S boodall, II J Gilbert. Hk II Itoyt, O IlRrt-
rldeo, it llRheruhnln k Son. IV 11 Hale./ Humphreys, U
H Hendrickson kC'o, Hamilton k llardciunn,J DJesrec,
J T Jones, N n Knapp, I W' Morrell. W II May k Co, B
Molyneui, McCleskey k Norton. S S Aliller. S M Pond,
M Pri*ndergn.t k (hi, E Parson* k Co, J I'oole, II Kostr,
M J Rolomans, Snider, Lnthrop et Nevitt, J Scudder, A
Short, J11 Strom, Scranton, Johnston k Co, A A Solo
mons k Co. A Welles k Co, T J Walsh k Co. H F
Waring k Co, E F Wood k Co. 8 A Wood, Wood,
CJaghorn k Co, Yonga k Ganimen, nnd order.
Per sehr. American, from Snpello—160 bids. Rosin snd
59 Itbls. Spirit* Turpenlina, to A Low k Co.
Per stenm-paeket Jasper, from Charleston—CtnU»»
Rnil-ltnad, steamer HeKalb. Florida Rests, J V Couns-
rat, A Rarie, P Zogbauin k Co, W Kine. Cohens *
Herts, WR Hale, Marshall k Alkin, J P Uaum.JO
Rrown, and W II Oates.
PASSENGERS.
Per steam-packet Jnroer, from Charleston—Mrs Smith
snd servant, Hr I) Jenkins, Me*srs J C Stuart, M D l« r *
rlngton and son, B Adams, and three deck.
Shfppfnfl XnteUtflcuce.
PORT OF SAVANNAH..
...JUNK 15*
ARRIVED.
flnrauo Carolina, Sherwood, New-York, to RrigbRin,
Kelly k Co.
Scnr. Elias Reed, Owens, Rruaswick.to Mtutor.
Sehr. American, Roylu, Snpello, to Master.
U. S. Mull stenur-puckotJasper, Hlxon, Charleston, to
Rmoks k Tuppcr.
CLEARED.
Brig Stephen Young, (Hoy, Portsmouth, (N. II.)—Cohens
k Hertz.
U. 8. Mali steam-packet Jaspsr, Dixon, Charleston—
Brooks k Tuppcr.
DEPARTED.
U. 8. Mall steam-paekst Jasper, Hlxon, Charleston.
H (earner Hancock, Murray, Augusta.
Seatner PsKnlb, Moody, Augusta.
MEMORANDA. . ' .
List qf Vessels Arrived from, Advertised, Cleared
and Sailed for, this Port,
Yeoman, Pardon, * Liverpool arrived
Marion, Johnson, New-York to sail WR*
BARQUES- ..rrit-dfoh
Vernon, Faye,.'...........New-York [ ,^,1113th
Peter DtnriR, Hoe/ New-York........cleared 7th
Savannah,Crowell New-York.........10sail
Pomona, Dfl Mullo * *Ne vi-Yorkcleared 9 fo
H* Marshall, Rrlghtrnnn,.. Havana
Macon, Watkins,. /..New-York with despefoU
Herald, Gray,. New-York.... with despatf"*
Henrietta, ftubel, Baltimore with despatch
C A Lamar,Llghtbourne^Unvann,.,
LUr, I,... /.Havana. .dlsclrarjln*
Midas, Gardner, New-York.... .with despa ch
Emily Wearer, Brock,....Philadelphia...with despatch
Fanny, West./. ’.....Philadelphia...wlthjdeep***"
■.. linilim'irn...... wiih
,.New-Orlcsns...wlth dtsprich
t A brig raid to be tho Larch, llofeldt, hence for 8om«
set, rw*sed up Fall Itivcron the 0th Inst* . .„. we d
Bclir. Pacific, Yates, from Jacksonville, (FIs.) arrlv
at New-York on the Uth Inst. , , _ , 1