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MORNING news. BY JOHN M. COOPER. W. T. THOMPSON, EDITOR. TERMS: DAILY PAPER $4 00 | TRI-WKEKLT $2 00 All New Advertisements appear in both papers. The California News.—We were unable this morning to present more than u meagre outline of the.news brought by the-Empire City, at New York. The most Important details are those of (he organisation of the State Gov ernment, noticed in the extracts already pub lished. The New York Commercial Advertisei- contains.the inaugural address and first annual Message of Gov. Burnett to the Senate and Assembly of the New State of California. The document is well written bud statesman like in most of Us views. The Governor ndvises against waiting the ratification of the Consti tution by Congress, and is in favor of putting the machinery of the new state government at once in motion, and cites as precedents the course adopted by the states Missouri and Michigan, which states were not admitted into the Union until after their state Governments had gone fully into operation. Op the subject-of organic law, the Governor remarks: Among the first and most important of your duties,yfee«idea tne local legislation necessary for'the state, will be the adoption of a civil and criminal cude of law for her government. This is an object of supreme importance; and it is the moro so from the consideration that the ac tion of the first Legislature will hardly bo dis turbed by any succeeding one. What shall lie done now, cannot be touched or changed here after, but at great cost and inconvenience. The new state of California is now in a position to adopt the most approved and enlightened code or laws to bo fouud in any of the states. The science of law is fiot yet fully perfected, and admits of soifte improvement, and in our new position, we can readily adopt all the improve ments that th i researches and experience of others have made. I have given the subjeel my most careful attention for some years past; and as the result of my own conviciions, I recom- mund the adoption of the following codes, so far as they are applicable to the condition of the state, and not modified by the constitution or the vote of the Legislature. 1. The definition of crimes ancl misdemean ors contained in tho common law of England. 2. The English law of evidence. 3. The English commercial law, 4. The civil cod#of the state of Louisiana. 5. The Louisiana code of practice. These codes, it is thought, would combine the best features of both the civil and the com mon law, and at the same time omit the most objectionable portions of each v The civil code of Louisiana Wad compiled by the most able of American jurists—contains the most extensive and valuable references to authorities has under gone no material changes for the last twenty years—and for its simplicity, brevity, beauty, aacuracy and equity, is perhaps unequalled. 3§| whe subject of revenue for tho support of the State Government comes next under con sideration. The expenses for the first year are estimated at half a million of dollars, which the Governor proposes to raise by direct taxa tion, as being a much preferable mode to that of borrowing the money. He apposes a loan on many accounts. Tho high rate of in ten s in Qalitornia would prevent the State from ob taining money except at such exorbitant rates as would be ruinous, to her future prosperity. Be- eid^ says the Gonernor, there is something wrong in the principle, the very idea of entailing our burthens upon our posterity. Ho soys : The only availaole and just inode of procur ing the indispensable means o'f supporting the iphte GovcrnmenJ, is by a system of direct tax ation ; the most fair, simple and just mode of taxation ever resorted to.—The people then know distinctly vrhat the blessing of Govern ment cost them, and which is the most desira ble, a plain republican government, administer ed upon economical principles, or a more ex travagant system of expenditure; and if they should not bo willing to puy enough to carry on an economical government, it would at once solve the great problem, whether they are capable of self-government or not. In reference to the great subject of contro versy, which is nbw engrossing the attention of Congress and the minds of the people through ut the Uni of, tho Governor remarks : Our constitution has wisely prohibited slnve- « within the that the people of Cali- rnia are once anil forever free from this great aocitfi and political evil. But the constitution has made no provision in reference to the set tlement of free people of color within her lim its, but haslfft the Legislature to adopt such legislation upon this delicate and important subject, as may be deemed most essential to the happiness of our people. The constitu tion excludes this class of persons from the right of suffrage, and from all offices of hon or or profit under the state. R For some years past I have given this sub let my most serious and candid attention; and Vnosl cheerfully.lay before you the result of ly own reflections. There is in my opinion, ut one of the two consistent courses to take in reference to this class of population ; either to admit them to the full and free enjoyment of ail the privileges guarantied by the consthution to others, or exclude them from the state. If we permit them to settle in our state, under existing circumstances, we consign them, by our own institutions, and the usages of our own society,-to a subordinate and degradqd jKisition ; which is in itself, but a species of slavery. They would be placed in a situation where they would . hive no efficient motives for moral or intellectual improvement, but must remain In our midst, sensible of theig degradation, unhappy themselves, enemies to the institutions and the society whose usages have placed them there, and forever fit teach* er* in all tjte schools of iguorance, vice and idleness, • Our position upon the Pacific, our commer cial nud mineral ati factions, would bring swarms of tbif population to our shores. Al- ready-we We almost every var iety of the hu man rees-r-e heterosenoftu mass of human beings, of every--language arid of every hue.— r Tbpt period!* rapidly appYoaching when the 'ft&tnr.d inareas* of popalationjn the stales east of the Rocky mountains will render slave la bor of little or no value, and when investments in thdt species of property will cease to bo re munerative. If measures are not early taken by this state, slaves will be manumitted in the slave states, and contracts made with them to labor as hirelings for a given number of years, and they will be brought to California in great numbers. 0..r state is now in a position to take an efficient stand upon this subject. A few yeur’s delny will mako it almost, if Hot quite, impossible to do that which can be so easily accomplished now. If * California will lake a decided stBnd now, and firmly maintain it, a few years experience will,. dem onstrate the practical utility of tho measure. That weak and sickly sympathy—that mis placed mercy, that would hesitate to adopt a salutary measure to-day, but would suffer all the inevitable consequences of to-morrow, may' consider tho policy L,propose as harsh in its character; but if it is calculated tp produce the greatest good to the greatest number, it is the best humanity. It could be no Favor, and no kindness, to permit that class of population to settle in the state, under such humiliating con ditions, although they might think Otherwise; while it would be a most serious injury to us. We have certainly the right to prevent any class of population from settling in our state, that we may deem injurious to our own society. Had they been born here, and had acquired rights in consequence, I should not commend any measure to expel them. They are not now here, except a few in comparison with the numbers that would bo here; and the object is to keep them. out. I therefore cnll yourmoBt serious attention to this subject,'be lieving it to be one of tho first importance. After briefly alluding to the details of the business before the Legislature, in carrying out the provisions of the Constiution and provid ing for the laying out of counties, erecting of public bui. ings, ti e administration of the* law, &c., the Governor concludes : "The first Legislature of a new state, under ordinary circumstances, have a difficult duty to discharge. But our position upon the Pacific Ocean, tho relation we bear to tho other states of the Uqion, and to the civilized and semi-civi- lizt'd world, impose upon us peculiar respon sibilities. We have to developo the greut re sources of our new country. Our commercial advantages are greater than our mineral, groat as those are. The latter will supply us the necessary capital to build our commercial cities and to carry on the most extended commerce. We shall soon be in close commercial inter course with the teeming population of the old world. Tho rich und cheap productions of Asia are already pouring into our ports, and a few years will give us the wholesale trade of the entire North West coast. We have a new community to organize—a new state to build up. We have also td create and sustain a re putation, in the face of the misconceptions of our character that are entertained elsewhere. But we have the most ample, and the most ex cellent materials of which to construct a great community, and a greut state. The emigration to this country from the states east of the Rocky mountain consists of their most energe tic, enterprising, and intelligent population, while the timid and tho idle, who hud neither the energy nor ( tho means to get here, were left to remain at home. Either a brilliant destiny awaits California, or one the most sordid and degraded. She will bo marked by strong and decided chutnc- terists. Much will depend upon her early leg islation. To confine her expenditures within due bounds—to keep tho young state out of debt, and to make her punctual and just in all her engagements, are some of the sure and cer tain means to advance and secure her pros- E erity. I hope we may >e able to build up for er a reputation that will bear the just criticism of the sensible, fair and candid of all parties, as well as the vindictive assaults of her enemies and tfie errors and indiscretions of her friends. Be all your efforts to accomplish this great ob ject. You may depend upon my most cordial co-operation in all such measures I can con scientiously approvt. Ten thousand copies of the Message in En glish and two thousand in Spanish were order- to be printed. On tho 22d the following state officers were elected, in convention of tho two houses. Secretary of State—Wm. Van Voorhies. Treasurer—Richard Roman. Comptroller—J. 8. Houston. Attorney General-»-Edwurd J. C. Kewen. Surveyor General—Chns. J. Whiting. Chief Justice—S. C. Hastings. Associate Justices—H. A. Lyon, Nathaniel Bennstt Mr. Gilbert, one of the members of Congress elect, and editor of the Alta Californian, is opinion that a loan ofhulfa million will have to bo resorted to, unless Gov Riley turns over to the new government ihe “civil fund” collect ed under the de facto government, by a tax upon imports. This fund it is . claimed was ille gally collected, and will have to be refunded to those from whom it was received. It is at present held by the retiring governor subject to the opntroll of Congress. . From the Gold Region.—We copy the following summary Irom the Alta Californian of he 31stDecembr The snows have descended on the mountain home of the gold hunter, and pick, spade and “revolving old tin pan," are, with the weary limbs of the laborer inauriferous sands, luid up for the season. Winter has come, down, and wild winds, snow and sleet beating the rude heights of the Sierra Nevada, as if for the dis- poliation of its glittering wealth there was a fierce avenger in the elements. The streams rush swollen and thundering through gloomy and rugged cannons and all day long the rains drive steadily downward, borne from thick masseg^f heavy cloud, on the blast from tho icy North, holding fourth scarce a hope of fa vorable mining weather again until Spring bursts upon the barren mountain lands and awakes to blooming verdure the broad field of California. Operations were not entirely suspended on tlie American river at the date of our last re ports, but it is probuble that the still more re cent rains will compell these who have been laboring with much mitigated success during the pajjt two months to abanduit tho field alto gether?’ On all the principal streams' notwithstand ing vast numbers of people are in winter quar ters, generally in health, high hopes and spirits. productive to the ma jority of d’/frgers than has any period following the discovery of guld in this country. The settler’s nxo resounds in the timbered bottoms of the Sacramento, and an occasional “clearning” on tho banks of that majestic stream denotes that California is fast filling with a people not entirely given over to gold grubbing in the sterile soil of the Sierra Ne vada. In Sacremcnto City, as well as in the vicinity of these bays, there has prevailed much excite ment regarding tho “squatter claims,” and which are at this time far from being adjusted. In Sacramento tile titile of J. A. Sutter is dis puted by a large portion of the recently arrived emigrants, who found their assertions on the well digested belief that Congress will fail to recognize the stupendous claims of individuals holding impaired Mexican titles to about two- thirds of the arable land in tho country. There are, nevertheless, many excesses practised under the banner of the squatters. New cities are bustling into importance, and real estate is still “looking up.” Money com mands exorbitant rates, and with much anxiety do the people look forward to the establish ment of a mint in this country. A party of armed Cliilenos, numbering some two hundred, attacked a camp of Americans at the Calaveras diggings, on the 26th Decem ber, and killed and woundedsix and tpok six teen prisoners, whom, with the wounded they took in the direction of Stockton, not evep al lowing the latter to have their wounds dressed. Much excitomgnt had been caused by this out rage, and a party of Americans had gone in pursuit of the assailants; others were muster ing, and it was feared that tho affair would re sult in a general outbreak between the Ameri cans and foreigners at the mines. WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 13, 1850. Congrjsssio -al Election.—We are in debted to our attentive Milledgeville correspon dent for the official returns from toe follow ing counties: Jackson. Fleming. Effingham, 43 103 Bulloch, 196 ‘ , 08 Liberty, 100 151 McIntosh, 83 70 Bryan, 23 66 Lau rens, Gnu.ham, 30 192 761 359 1236 949 Jackson’s majority in 7 counties, 287. The following are reported majorities: Applihg, 15 Loundes, — 20 Tatnafl, — 152 Thomas, — 60 Official majority, 15 287 302 232 232 . Jackson’s tnajority, 70, in eleven counties. The above returns are considered as deter mining the election in favor of Col. Jackson. E3P Wo havegiven a lurgo por i n o"o r space this morning to the interesting news from Caifornia. 3 he Florida Boats.—Considerable anxiety has been felt for several days past ccasioned by the non-arrival of the Florida boats, due several days since. We learn from a gentleman who came from Darien last evening in the mail stage, that the IVm. Gaston broke some portion of Her machinery in St. John’s river, and that the steamer Octnulgce, broke one of her wheels in going out,in the neighborhood of Jacksonville. Tho Ocmulgee will probably arrive in the course of to-day. Tho steamer J. Stone, Capt. Free land, left the city yes erday afternoon, taking lie oa.ts and t-a-se-i • s for the South. < Georgia Burr Stones.—Wo hud an in terview ort Monday with a gentleman from otto of the Northern cities who hqs for muny years been largely engaged in tho importntion of French Burr and German stones, und who Iirs made-a visit to Savannah expressly for the pur pose of examining the Georgia Burr stbnos, manufactured in this city. Ho expressed him self much pleased witlt the specimens which he hud seen, at the manufactory here, and has. gone to’the quarry fertile purpose of Seeing the mode employed in getting out the stone, and to satisfy himself, more fully, in regard to the extent—and accessibility of tho deposit. He informed us that ho designed making orders with a view of putting our Georgia stone in direct competition with the'imported article in flouring mills in two of the Northern cities. Wo learned from him also, that a simiur test is now being made in one of the largo flouring mills in Richmond, Va. The Cuba Invasion movement is' believed to be again in full progress; but the presump tion that it will bo winked at by tho British Envoy at Washington is said to be wholly groundless. It is understood that Sir Henry Bulwer is prepared to protest earnestly against the prosecution of the schemes for revolution izing Cuba. It is moreover said' in letters from Washington that a British and French naval force will be ready to maintain the existing government of Cuba. The Spanish Govern ment, according to the Journal of Commerce, have instructed the Captain-General of Cuba, to liberate the slaves in case of an invasion or insurrection, and any scries uttempt at revolu tion. OPjThe New York Merchant’s Ledger says: “The Dry Dock Bank of this city, at the game of law on a plea of usury, hus won $400 000 of its unl.n lunate creditors. The amount in volved was£48,000 sterling, with interest for some ten yetus. The principal ere liter or los er at this game of usury is James Morrison* of Londo.t. The Nicaragua Treaty.^-The New York Mi.rot- of Thursday says:—“A copy of this document, w i oh has just bren s'gne l hi twren Mr. Bulwer and th's Government,- we t out in the N gar i yesterday. One of the stipula tions is said to be, that neither power shall re* tuiri possession of Tigr ■ 1. and ” [Corre-i.f e ic of th M rning News.] MILLEDGEVILLE, Feb.'lJ, A. M. Both branches of the General Assembly con vened at 9 o’clock*. After the read ng of the Journal in the Senafc, the following Bilal of the House were disposed of. The Bill to incorporate, a Bank at Ft. Gaines Early Cuunty, Georgia—wus lost. The Bill to authorize all persons whatever, to establish and erect ferries and bridges on their pwn land. The Bill to authorise amendments to be made instant r in cases of misn utter in all ju dicial proceedings. The Bill to provide for the trial by the Su perior Court, of this State of any salve or floe person of color charged with any capital of fence against the laws of the State. Mr. Leonard has obtained leave of ab- se aft r to-day, and Mr. Quarterman after Thursdoy next, for the balance of the Session. The T 1 ill has just been sent in from the House. AH here ure anxious to hear the result of the congressional election in tho first Con gressional District—Official returns have been receive from only two counties. Yours C, Oglethorpe Fire Company—This fire company celebrated their third anniversary yesterday afternoon, by a parade. Their ranks were full, and their new uniform gave them a fine appearance, In tho evening they gave a bull in the Oglethorpe Hall, which, we learn, was well attended by the fair of our city, and passed pff very.agreoubly. Squadron Parade.— Yesterday afternoon our city was enlivened by the arrival of several companies of CaValry, from the adjoining coun ties, who have come to Savannuh to attend a Squadron Parade. The corps are well disciplin ed and handsomely equipped, and made quite- an imposing appearance: Liberty Guards—Copt. J. R. Bird. Liberty Independent Troop—Capt. P. W Fleming. Effingham Husxars—Capt. D. Remshaart The Georgia Huzzars—Onpt. H. K. Bur- RoUHGS,assembled on their parade ground early in the af and escotted the above named coptpan to their quarters. W Tp understand that these companies will remain in Savannah until Friday next. To day, at 10 o’clock, a Squadron Purude will take place on the parade ground. Macallister’s Last Night.—By the card in another column, it will be seen that to-night will be the last opportunity that our citzens will have of witnessing tho wonderful perform^^ nf fl^on-The celebrated anc.e« of this luvrnmrilifihpH Im.nn i„ ancon of this accomplished Magician. The pleasing entertainment which he has afforded those who have seen him, will induce them to spend a parting hour with him to-night. Those who have not had “that pleasure” will not fuij to embrace this, the last opporl unity. J3P ’The Ohio l'at girl is now exhibiting in Pennsylvania. She is but fifteen years old, and weighs 430 pounds. She is accompanied by a It is a prevailing opinion, und we have it from* 'gentleman and her gjstcr. She is represented per v **k. John Archer Lewis, second son of.the lute Dixon H. Lewis, in the 21st year of his age, died on tho 25th ult., in Dallas county, Ala. He had just finished bis collegiate ourse at the Alexandria college, D. C, Steamboat Desasters During 1849.—The St. Louis papers publish list® of the steamboats blown up, sunk, or otherwise destroyed in the West, during the past yea -. The total num ber is 112, of which 84 were totally ldst.* The estimated pecuniary loss is set down at $2,000, 000, and the loss of life upwards of 200 per sons and perhaps as many wero wounded or maim East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad. —We learn from the Knoxville Register, that, the Legisl re ofTennessee has repealed the act of tho last sesion of that body which author ised the East Tennessee and Georgia Rail Road Company to issue the bonds of the Com pany for $350,000,'to be indorsed by the state’ upon the completion and equipment of that section of tho road south of the Hi wassee river. In lieu of this privilege, the present Legislature has directed the issuance of 350,000 of Slate Bonds, whenever that section of the road be tween the Hiwassee and Tennessee rivers is ready to receive the iron, and the proceeds of those bynds are to be applied Solely to the purchqpq 6/ the iron. The state has a statuto ry l»Rn upon tho road, to be indemnified against any loss because of.tlt s loan. hotse Boston died on Tuesduy last, near the residence of Mr. Blackburn, in Kentucky. He wa3 in his 17th year. Washington s Farewell Address.—tTlte resolution to purchase the original* manuscript of this Address, hns passed both Hoppes of Congress, and it will soon be subjected to the Inspection of. members I3P Tennessee was so called in 1796, from its principal river. The weird Tennessee is said l»> signify a curved spoon. Ag (Correspondence of the Morning NeWsjT NBW-YORK, Feb. 7. The excitement cntlsod by the late explosi» n has-abated but very little,- and I trust will i l0 do so, until something vqry handsome has been done fur the families of ’the victims. Al ready subscriptions are pouring in by fiftj e , and hundreds; and next Sunday it is proposed take up a collection in this city and vicinity that a very large sum will doubtless be raised there ure between two and three hundred Churches in this city, alone. It has been pret- accurately ascertained that 126 persons wars the building when the explosion occurred, 3g wens taken out alive, but more or ’esp injured —u few escaped without any injury, and tho bodies of about forty-five have been exhumed so that there must still be a great number be neath the ruins. Thfcre is such a mass of them however, that it is a work of immense labor ta remove thorn; but if nothing occurs to retard to-day or to-morrow will develope the ex- tent of the calamity, so far at least, as the loss of life is involved. To-morrow morning ih B Coroner commences an investigation of the matter, and it will be a very searching one • particularly as to the fitness of the boiler,which seems wus once on board a boat running from your city. Strange to say, there is no law requiring the periodical inspection of boil- ers used inland; bdt Mr. Raymond, of the Courier and Inquirer, yesterlay gavo notice in the Assembly, of n bill to secure greater safety in the use of steam boilers for manufacturing purposes. It appears to be a general impres sion among Engineers that the explosion was caused by the feed pipe having been frozen. The boiler is visible, one part being in the rear and the other in the centre of the building. Tho Taylor ball at Niblo’s on Tuesday night, ■as a brilliant affair ;the salo in was in a blate of beauty* and Deadworth’s band of 26 instru ments poured forth such music, that few could refrain from dancirg—those who did, certainly had no music in their souls. The Empire City arrived here lastn ghtat midnight, with over two millions of dollars, and nearly 300 passengers. The money will be very a c pt iIJo mt Wall Street just now, for business is remarkably active. The destruction by fire of the greater part of San Francisco is the most important item of . w-i» *Tl e loss nearly txco millions of dollars, must be a serious one, not alone in a pecuniary point of view, but for the lack pf material to rebuild. We have news of a murder committed there by one Reuber Withers of this city; The young man is most respectably connected; his father I be lieve being President either of a bit k, or an Insurance Company. He stabbed a mao hero just before he left, and was he’ld to bail in $1000 which his father paid, and packed him off to California, If he is caught there money won’t save him. ’J' e • Drury Vhave WSen held to I) il n $9000, on the sovera indictments against them, which they have not yet-obtained, for few persons would like their names to be pub lished as h tvii.g l.c come security for him. He will have to make over the amount to whoever may be disposed to come forward, and pay him tt pretty large bonus, as an inducement. When Madame Restell wanted bail some time since, she paid $1000 it! Prosper M. Wetmore has resigned his posi tion ns Vice President of the New York Chamber of Commerce. No instructions have yet been ^received, to prosecute him I am as sured; but negotiations are still going on with the Government, by bis friends, and probably as tho lust alternative, the money wilt be paid.— I rather suspect, that the amount is embarked in the Mail Steamers running to Chagres, he being one of tho Company, and Government withhold certain payments until the line is com pleted. But for *tliis I presume there would have been no difficulty. The Foreign News by the Europa was folly due yesterday at H ifax, but no news of her has yet been received. 1 he Philadelphia arid New World, leave- here to day, the farmer with the mail for Cali fornia, the latter for Panama—(he Empire City leaves to-mort*ow afternoon, and next week, one or two more.steamers will leave here for the Pacific and San Francisco. Since tho 1st inst. no less than 7 large ships hove left this port for California. Freights they say are ad vancing—measurement goods 65c to $1. One eyed Thompson was yesterday fully com mitted for trial, on the charge of forgery. He refused to produce rebutting testimony, which. he said Bonnet and Drury were anxious for, in order to use it on their trials. They are a nice batch of rogues, and the sooner tho com munity is rid' of them the better. Miss Devenport I see is to play at your Theatre, and Mr.. Deafil is about to start foe the South to act with her ; she is a clever girl, but not quite what her father cracks her up to- be. She is tho phenemonon, and Mr. D. the Manager Crumtnels, in Dickens’ work, Nicholas Nickelby. • Mr'. D. denies it, but I happen t<* know the fact. We have had a rare ‘cold snap r and our rivers will soon bo difficult to nuvigate I fear-—the masses of drifting ice are very dangerous,and the ferry bonts experience grout difficuly io making their trips. Polly Bodine, of Stnton Island murdornoto- riety, has publishes! a card in tho morning pa - pers, donying indignantly that she has been peddling collars and gloves at the Philadel phia Hotels, as stated in some journal. She boasts of being independent financially, having a competence, and severely ratos tho “small fry” for,calling her “Polly.” And this is the w'» men who was found guilty of a most horrible