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A correspondent observes, that, by and publication of the
following extra# from the lpefcch of Mr. Milledge, im
partial minds will be enabled to decide with what justice
he has been assailed as the calumniator of the great
Wafh'ington. _
House of Representatives ot the United States,
Thursday, February 25, 1802.
Debate oil the Bill received from the Senate , entitled,
u An ASi to repeal certain Acls* refpeßbng the Or
ganization of tbe Courts of the United States.”
Mr* Milledge find he hoped the committee would spare
him a few moments of their time; that he had no intention
0 f faying a word on the important queßion before them,
and meant to have contented himfelf by giving a file.nt
•vote; but as fome remarks had fallen from the gentleman
of South Carolina, (Mr. Rutledge) in the course of his
argument delivered yeflerday, refpetling the removal of a
Poflmaflcr in the Rate he had the honor to represent, that
for the present he would pals any explanation by on that
fubje#, and, as he was drawn on the floor, he conceived
himfelf bound to make fome few observations on the bill
now under conlideration, that his condiments might know
what guided him in his vote} that it was useless on any
other {core; that the fubje# was exhatlfled; rit>i‘ had he the
vanity to suppose that ahy thing that should drop from him
■would influence a fihgle Member; that, from the do#rine
held by gentlemen who differed from him on political
points,"he was one of those on that account who fotemnly
believed that the passage of that bill, as handed by the
Senate, fixed a principle, as to the Judiciary, on which,
in his opinion, depended the liberty, property, and happi
ness, of his conntry* He Rated that, though true it was
imperative on the firft Congress to eßablifli a national Ju
diciary, it certainly was also true that all their plans were
speculative; he said, let it be supposed for a moment) that
in forming that system they had made fixtecn circuits, and
assigned duties to lixteen Judges; that, in Read of two
Courts of Appeal within the year, they had made, four;
that, when this theoretical fyßem had become teßecl by
experience, it was found that the intereß of the nation in
that department could be as well, and better, conducted,
by having only fix circuits and fix Judges, and by two
Courts of Appeal inßead of four; would not Congress have
had the right to modify the law to meet the general wel
fare in that refpe#? It is not denied, nor brought into
quefiion, but that they have the power of extending the
Courts; then surely they ha-.e the fame right to abridge.
But it is said that the Judges, when once appointed, hold
their office during life, from .the tenure of their commissi
on being during good behavior , and receive for their
services a compensation which ffiall not be diminijhed
during their continuance in office, and independent of
the power that gave them exißence, except by impeach
ment. He said he admitted that it was true to a certain
extent they were independent of the Executive, because
his whim and caprice could never affe# them; they were
independent of the Legislature, for they could not confli
tntionally pals a law to remove an individual Judge or
Judges from office; that the legillative power was confin
ed to the fyßem of jurisprudence, by which the general
welfare of the nation was to be consulted, either to extend
or abridge; that in case of abridging, and Courts were a
bolilhed, the duties are taken from the Judges, therefore
they cannot receive compensation , for they have wa ser
vice to perform; they are not independent of the lav;, but
depending for their exißence as Judges on the law; when
the law goes down they tumble with it: That on thejiib
jecl of the rightful and necessary independence of the
Judges, that so much had been said about, it had been
long his opinion thatjiur late great and virtuous President
Wafliington had surely been ill advised when he took from
the Bench of Judges the Chief Jußice Jay, and lent him,
not on a judicial but a diplomatic, errand, when it was af
terwards followed up by the late Adminiflration, in fend
ing a funilar high chara#er on a fnniiar errand; then it
was, and not till then, that the independence of the Judges
became proßrated, not by legillative power, but to the
executive authority, under the influence ot its patronage.
Mr. Milledge said, that, on the fubje# of expediency,
he was one of those who always thought that it was the
intereß of the nation to leTTen, by every nuans in its pow
er, the foreign connexions; that we are at peace with all
the world except the Barbary power Tripoli, whole trade
is war—and peace in Europe; that it was fair to presume,
I for those reasons, that few cases would come before the na-
I tional courts on what is called the law of nations, and
I that the conßitution gives a right to foreigners, as well as
I citizens of a different Rate, to sue in the Federal Court;
I that die animolities and prejudices tlmt grew out of the war
I for our independence would daily abate; that the right of
I action in those courts 11 tonkl by degrees be narrowed, from
Ia p-rfualion that the State Courts adminißered jußice as
I ample and as fpeedilv as the national courts; that as to
I foreigners and citizens of different Rates not being able to
I obtain complete jußice in th# Rate courts, that argument
I could now have no poffihle weight; that, on the contrary,
lit always appeared to him that.ftrangers, from whatevei
■ quarter they might come, if they 1 r night with them a
■ good character, always met with a partial leaning of the
■ citizens in their favor; he therefore thought that the old
■ fyßem, with a fe\V amendments, was connnenfurate to all
■ ‘he objects of national iurimrudence. Mr. Miiledge said
■ tact ne had difcoveml that gentlemen, throughout the
■ Qikiiflion of this important queßion, had read considerably
■. >n > nt-wfpapers and other writings; lie hoped he might be
■in'.ulged in turn; that he had been favored with extracts
■fioiii two letters lent to an honorable Member of the Se
■ ‘p-'-’ from no iefs characters than Governor M'Kean and
■tue celebrated John Dickenfi-a, the Pennsylvania Farmer,
■('overnor McKean’s letter fays, u The vote of the Senate
■ju the United States on the queßion for repealing the late
■ju.umary lavs accords with my sentiments, as it seems to
■ n .; e contrived and executed rather to serve the inte-
B,’ 1 a few zealous partita ns than the people at large.
■ • “t a legislature have the power at a subsequent felfion
B° any a# puffed before cannot admit of much
■ ‘‘•m. iri a reflecting mind; the fame power that creates
m*" 1 :i,Ulra ‘!y annihilate, where there, is no conßitutional
■pP’kment; an office may be abolished when it lliali be
■teuwd niilchu \ous or unnecdTary, though the officer
iff”- !| °* °th(T,vifc be re moveable, but after the convi#ion
of fome mifdeineancr, r.iffi wheh there Is no exifling of
fice there cannot be any officer to execute it, both are
nonentities* Mr. Dickenfon writes thus: li It seems to
me that there should be the cleared and Rrongeß prtviiions
made again!! any engraftment of any elements or powers
*rom principles of common law upon the iptcified, limited,
delegated, defined authorities, Confided bv the several
Rates to the Union. How has the imderflanding of united
America been insulted by fophißical argumentations drawn
from this fotirce, and from the paragraph of the Bth lec
tion of the fiiß article ot the conßitution, to reconcile 11s
to boundless powers in the federal government, a danger
againß which the framers of that conßitution drove with
the utmoß anxiety to guard* Such afTumptions* would
tut-n judges into legislatures, and trußees into usurpers; I
had father that the whole judiciary fyßem of the Union
fliould be abolished than that it should exiß with those dan
gerous pretenlions, threatening perdition to our bed lecuri
ties againß future oppreffons; they will .mangle us in end
less labyrinths of confufion. Is it not very extraordinary
that under our conßitution Ju Iges fliould declare the na
tion to be in a Rate of war when the Legislature is {Rent
on that momentous point?” Such, Mr. Chairman, are
the sentiments of those two venerable patriots, flatefmen,
and lawyers; our country can claim none higher in the poi
feffion of tlirtfe qualities. What more then can be said on •
the fubje#? it foreclofes all argument.
Died lad week, at Riceborougli, in Liberty county,
Mr. John Kennedy, merchant.
A man dressed in a blue round jacket, check fliirt and
trowfers, was found dead, on Saturday lad, in a thicket
between Aar. Dillons and Air. Gibson’s plantations, near
town. It appeared he had lain there about a fortnight.
He is supposed to have been a rigger, who lived at Yama
craw, and who for fome time pad leaned to be much dif>
ordered in his mind.
_ During the late session of the Superior Court in this
city the following perfens were indicled, tried, and con
victed, viz.
John Rice, for fliop.lifting. Sentenced to be executed
on the 20th inßant*
John Bassett, alias John Carver, for Amp-lifting.
Convicted of petit larceny, and sentenced to receive 50
lashes at two different times.
Jonathan Wheat, for forgery* Sentenced to be exe
cuted on the 24th inßant*
■■ r—TTllrmn-iT--w !■■■■<, .
A LEI 1 ER from Exeter says that a prophetess has
lately risen up in that city. Three clergymen came 300
miles to visit her, and with four other persons held a con
sultation with her; she has deluded many, and the ignor
ant and uninformed repose implicit confidence in her. She
dresses in white muslin, and says that Richard Brothers
is the Lamb, and she is the Lamb’s wife.
OUR brethren in America have readily acknowledged
that the accounts received there of the zealous exertions
in England, in the cause of enlarging the kingdom cf
Christ-among the heathen, have had a happy effect among
them in rekindling the same ardent dispositions. The
well attested accounts received from America lead us to
believe that at this time the work of God is in a course of
greater prosperity than at any preceding period.—Lon
don Magazine.
Extraß of a letter from a Clergyman.
u I I’OUMD Kentucky the most moral place I had
ever been in; a profane expression was hardly heard; a
religious one seemed to jiervade the country,”
Another belonging to that state thus writes: “ To in
crease your joy I shall add a short account of the revival
of religion in Kentucky.” Then, after giving the parti
culars, he adds, “ The governor of our state was with us
encouraging the work.”
The Experiment; or anew way of giving the Lie.
THE clerk of a parish in Scotland, being complained
of to the minister for being very free in giving the lie,
he was sent for, and reproved for it. “ Maister,” savs
Jamie Wallace, “ what maun I do whan fok lee?”
“ Why,” says the minister, “ it wcu’d be mair discreet,
for instance, to <tt •bustle.” Jamie remembered this; and
a few Sundays after, the minister, in his discourse, made
use of this expression, “ And the Lord formed man cf
the clay of the yirth, and set him on a dyke to dry.”
Jamie, who was sitting in his box below, on hearing this,
gave a loud whistle. “ Wha’s that that whustles?” called
out the minister. “ Alaister,” replied Jamie, turning up
his eye, “ wba made the dyke?”
Medical Discovert 7
THE following gargle for a sore throat has been re
commended: A pound and a half of beef steaks and a
bottle and half of port wine.
For SALE, or RENT,
~7X SMALL neat pleafam HOUSE, with the out
JlJl buildings, facing the louth common. For particu
ars inquire of W. COALES.
Savannah, May 10, 1802.
U--
TAX COLLECTOR’S SALE.
Will he fold, an the 6th day of. July, at MUntofn
county courthoufc,
A Tra£l of Land, in Camden
county, containing 1450 acres, originally granted Button
Gwinnett, to fatisfy the taxes due in this county by said
Button Gwinnett; taxes 75 dollars.
M. M‘Leod, t. c.
May 3, 1802.
HCP* Vi filing and Meflage Cards for Rile by *Je printers
of this paper.
n-iiifc “ *PRIL TERM, *BO2.
THE following persons being drawn as Jurors to fervft”
in the Court ot Mayor and Aldermen, to wit, Sa
ii'iicl Bais, Andrew Johnßon, Philip Box, and William
Smith ten* and, being duly summoned, did make default,
it is ordered, 1 hat the defaulters be fined in the sum of
ten dollars each, unless an excuse, on oath, be filed with
the Clerk; on or before the|firß clay of next Court; and
that this order be publiflied in the Gazettes of this city
twice luettllively*
Extra# from the minutes,
W. BLOGG, Clerk.
1 TO THE PUBLIC.
A NEW MAV ot the S lATEa/GEORGIA.
HAY ING been frequently solicited by my friends in
this and other Rates to publilh A AIAP of GEOR
GIA, I have devoted much time and labor for these fix
years pafi to that obje#, and having acquired such materi
als. as I approve of, I Aiall be prepared in a fliort time to
offer to them, and the public, a Map, which, from its
accuracy, I have the beff hope will meet with general ap
probation, and that I lliali secure to myfelf (through their
bounty) a handsome emolument as a reward for my indufi
tly and perseverance.
1 lie iize of the above mentioned Map is 4 feet 6 inches
by 3 feet 6,inches, fufficiently large to exhibit the sound
ings of the several Bays and Inlets, and render it of ufeto
Mariners. It will be placed in the hands of an Engraver
within the term of four months from this date, where Plates
will be prepared with all poffihle expedition.
A number of copies will then be ffruck off under my
own fuperintendeftcy in the town of Ldulfville, and circu
lated through the various Rates where fubferiptions may
have been obtained. Price for plain Maps 5 dollars, and
for those canvafled and elegantly ornamented 8 dollars.
Subfi riptions will be received in Louisville at the Sur
veyor General’s Office; at Wafliington, Wilkes county,
by Gen. Meriwether; at Sparta by Martin Martin, Esq.
in Augufla at the Pofloffice, and in Savannah hy Major
Thomas Johnson.
DANIEL STURGES, Surveyor General*
Surveyor General’s Office, November 25, 1801.
FOR SALE,
THAT valuable PLANTATION on the Island of
Saint Salvadore, known by the name of
LIGNUMVIITE HILL,
Containing 1000 acres, of which 20c acres are walled in
and under cultivation of Cotton and Corn, for which the
land is well adapted, as well as for a Stock Plantation;
together with the Improvements thereon, viz. an over
leer’s house, negro houses, gin house and gin, and a cot
ton house. And a mofl valuable Gang of
FIELD NEGROES,
Confißing of 37 in number. Pofleffion to be given in
May next. If the land and Negroes are fold together,
one third of the purchase money to be paid down, a cre
dit of one and two years will be given for the other two
thirds, bearing intereß, (with good fecu’rity) payable by
two inßalments, in approved bills of exchange on London
at 60 days fight; if the Negroes are fold separate from
the hands, caih, or good bills of exchange as above fpecl*
fied, will be expe#ed. Apply, at Nassau, to
ALEXANDER BEGBIE,
HUGH DEAN.
Najfau , 21 Jl December, 1801.
ASSIZE for MAT, 1802.
FLOUR 71 dollars per barrel; weight of Bread mufl
be,
12! cents loaf. I Ci cents loaf,
lbs. oz. j lb. oz.
2 „ 9 ! 1 4
JOHN GIBBONS, City Treasurer.
notice*
ALL persons having demands againß the Eflate of Ann
Parker,- late of this cicy, deceased, are desired to
render the fame properly attefled; and all those indebted
thereto will make immediate payment to William Stephens,
at Dr. Channing’s plantation, or to the fublcriber in Sa
vannah.
William M‘Farland, surviving and qualified
executor.
March 2, 1802.
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RUN AY\ r AY, on Thursday night lafl, the 28th ult*
„ A Negro Boy, namtd JACOB or MAY', he for
merly belonged to Mr. John Anderson, baker, is a Guinea
Negro, had on when he went off white overalls, ofnaburgh
fliirt, blue jacket with a white collar and white pocket
facings, green fwanfdown waifleoat, no hat or flioes. He
has been seep frequently since about town, goes to the
daughter pens near Spring Hill, keeps about Yamacraw,
and was seen yesterday. The above reward will be paid
on his deliveryyflpjthe gaol, or to me, and ONE HUN
DRED DOLLARS if harbored, on convi#ion.
February 2. , ‘ R. H. LEAKE.
N. B. It he returns of his own accord he will be for
given.
*** All persons indebted to the
Printers hereof are requested to make payment.
WRITING INK
For sale at the Printing Office b) Broughton street.