Newspaper Page Text
Saturday, April 5, 1947.
v a/e/y &
♦ Coo/ Mines
F)EATH came slowly for at lfatt
huddle of bodies told rescuer? to
“look in everybody’s pockets. "We
•11 have notes. Give them tp our
■vives.” Grimy coal-smudged sheets,
f torn from a foreman’s time book, bore
tragic messages 9
•crawled in dark- H
ness: H
“To my wife. It
looks like the honey.H end. 1 9
love you,
more self.....” than life it- ■§ S Sf
bless “Goodbye. God Bfi H ■■
you and the H
two boys. Please do
as your father has 9 9
told you & lissen to
Mom—" 91
“My dear wife: LEWIS
Goodbye. Name
baby Joe, so you will have a Joe. Love
•11, Dad. »>
Long before he read the messages,
John L. Lewis, United Mine Workers
head, bitterly proclaimed a week’s
shutdown for the soft eoal industry .as
etnemorial to the victims and a protest
against conditions which make
catastrophes an old story in the mines.
The 400,000 soft coal miners -walked
•ut Monday at midnight in obedience
to the Lewis order while probe* were
started by a special Senate committee,
state and federal bureau*. ■
Industry, in general, bridged the gap
without serious shutdowns. Explained
the Tri-State Industrial Association,
composed of 135 steel plants in Ohio,
West Virginia and Pennsylvania: “We
leamed a lesson in the past and now
have adequate coal stockpiles.’’ a
Called a ‘Strike’
Walter Thurmond, secretary of the
Southern Coal Producers Association,
called the mourning period a “strike”
and said forcing miners to lose $28,000,
000 in wages was a “peculiar method of
paying respect to the dead.”
But Lewis had an answer for that. In
his proclamation calling for the shut
down, he said:
I “Coal is saturated with the blood of
too many brave men and drenched
with the tears of too many widow* and
“There is public sorrow at the mo
went, but we know from harsh expe
rience that it is only a momentary feel
ing of pity on the part of the public,
and this sacrifice soon will be .forgot
tfeh.”
, ' Federal Safety Code
, Lewis accused Interior Secre*ai*7
V i. A.'Krug, government mihes opers
tor, 6f “criinlnal negligence"Inntyt efi?
•I fcrCihg Mines the statistics federal safety show, he-said, fcode.'Bureau that
Of 3,345 federal ijtspectiima'Jn ‘‘bdfti&jyiftg 4&4«,
Only two mines were found
•ompletefy” wlth rteulaUbnAf CoOl Mfftte' / 1
One official tn the Ad
Biinlstratlon, the which Krug; h*s«, said
safety record had Shown 28,, “steady 1846,
Improvement” aince May the
when the government took over
mines. Fatalities, he said, had declined
to an average of 72 a month tom pa red
with an average of 93 a month before
then.
The coal stoppage might prove an
extended one. Union officials-in a
number of local districts declared
miners would not go back to pita con*
sidered dangerous.
RADIO: in Munich
Muting America's Voice 1
The first American ahortwav*
broadcasts to Russia barely hopped
the “iron curtain,” could be heard in
Moscow only as faint splutterings in
the most expensive receivers. The
U.S. State Department revealed why;
aomeone had sabotaged the Munich
relay transmitter by beaming its an
tenna not at Russia but at South
America.
A special consultant to the State
Department cabled from Munich that
Hot Shots
• In Philadelphia, the Metropolitan
Society School for Crippled Children
t teaches pupils to talk by having them
blow bubble gum. Teachers say speech
is a matter of exhaling and blowing
gum blisters is one way of learning the
first step. “Spirit
• In Pittsburgh, a mysterious who
of Easter” Samaritan gave away
~ s three-pound Easter eggs, )1 and $5
bills was revealed as a nine-year-old
boy who appropriated $43 of his par
ents’ money.
• In Newark, N. J., an imbiber looked
the judge straight in the eye, quoted
the Bible, Timothy 5, 16: “Drink no
longer water, but uae a little wine for
thy stomach's sake and thine own in
firmities,” won a suspended sentence.
• In Aurora, 111., a 16-year-old boy
was quoted by the pi’oaecutor aa saying
he shot a telegraph "I repairman from
ambush because just wanted to
shoot somebody to see him'4 i«.”
• In Columbus, Ohio, a 29-year-old
blind woman and a sightless Cincinnati
man—who struck up a romance
through oorreapondcnc* In Braille—
eloped to Indianapolis to be married.
• In North Chicago, 111., tha city fire
men’s dinner was a casualty of the cal
endar. On Tuesday, While smokt-eat
era Jolled outside the nation, a report
er told them: “Your atew’* burning
back in the kitchen.’’ “Ha, ha," Jibed
the firemen, “bet you thought we didn’t
know what day it 1A* The stew was a
total loasl
The WORLD This WEEK
’
'
U;N.: Does
P RESIDENT TRUMAN and
JT Warren Austin, American Council,
delegate to the Security
emphasized this week tnat Amer
ican -financial aid to Greece and
Turkey wag an emergency pleas
ure and that the Uhited Nations even
tually would be expected to take over
the responsibility. Vanden
In Congfess, Sen. Arthur
berg (R-Mich) proposed that fhe U N.
b«- given the power to change or halt
American aid to Greece or Turkey any
time a majority of the General Security Assem
bly or seven of the eleven
Council members saw fit.
Vandenberg, chairman of the Senate
foreign relations committee, American Said his
amendfneht submitting aid
to U.N. review would end any suspi
cion that this Country was flouting the
authority of the world peace organiza
tl0 .
Congressional Jh reaction to the Van
denberg proposal was mixed. Objectors
claimed It would weaken the U. {5.
atand . ,, h? tb .... ... *■** ey _ f __. s °* _ ^ u s * ... la whom ,
it was designed to stop and In . the , eyes
of small states whom it was designed
to buttress.
Legal braes Raised
The Vandenberg plan, they said,
would also involve the infant U.N. in
legal squabbles over interpretation of
the charter. In agreeing to abide by
decision of the General Assembly, it
runs counter to the charter whieh lim
itr assembly authority to making rec
ommendations.
Another legal stumbling block, ex
perts said, is in the phrase “if re
Quested by a procedural vote of the
Security CounciL” The charter pro
vide* that procedural questions be de
cided by seven affirmative votes out of
U* while on questions of substance
there .must be seven affirmative votes.
Including all of the five permanent
members. This is the vital veto power
Maps
Cartographer*
The Philippines Republic comprises
114,830 square miles on ?,Q83 islands,
oi which only 2,441 are named. The
archipelago has a .14,407-mile coast
Manila, line, with with 21 good 7'?0-»quare-mile harbors, including
its road
stead, Anest in the dte vCaat -
. .tyi,A*rtlir Pf°ject to; rttatt fitfpMtS' ’the *htire. are drril Phi! I
•
piws, sonieUtlpf oaver u bef<jr*’, at
: r
fetaRted.s j fsl'd '!>> A V
IRg hrefa, tj^knoWn
1h*rn ’‘within .40 r jnllek of Martila.- The
Army Plulippin«Booute'fof'‘t)n-the-ground rflsofig. training-two fompwiies
of
surveys. ''
The late Gen. Tomdyuki YamaahHa,
Japsnct*' Comrnahder la*f in the Phllip
pineS, remdrked year'during'the
trial Which led to his death that aby
one whe fopght oh-Leyte .in the future
deserved better maps. '“Both MacAr
thur and I,”, he laid, “u*ed Jolt the same
American maps and thus a good
deal of time.” % l ■
. 4
door* of the transmitter station” had
bean broken and th« antenna
“purposely revested-” The “Voice
America" broadcast* to the
Union during the week of March
to 25 failed apparently because
sabotage by a technician.
William Benton, assistant
0 f State, declared in Washington that
the sabotage wa* corrected on
25. He quoted news reports that U.S.
broadcasts now “pound into Moscow
as loud as the Moscow radio, clear,
and with no interference.”
Quotes
William L. Cimillo, Bronx driv
er seized in Hollywood, Fla., with
a missing 44-passenger New York
bus: “I didn’t know where 1 was
headed—Florida, Mexico, Cali
fornia. ... I just started out and
kept going. Fellows at the bus
company will understand, I'm
aure.”
Henry Wallace, former Vice
President and Cabinet member:
“Sooner or later Truman’s pro
gram of unconditional aid to anti
Soviet governments will unite the
world against America and divide
America against herself.”
Volcano
Mt. Hekla on Rampage
For the first time since 1845,
Hekla, a 4,764-foot volcano in
blew Its top. The peak was
clear across the top and thousands
ton* of glowing bouldars and
were tossed high in the air.,
Dense clouds of fumes rose six
seven miles, blacking out a wide
A fine volcanic ash fell in
hagen, Geologists, 1,250 mil** who away,
set up stations
tha volcano, said they expected
eruption to continue for
months. Previous eruptions of
Hekla uaually have lasted at
that long. . .
the . _ It? _
Truman Doctrine Bypass
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"TAKES TIME TO GROW 'EM II 1 oring, Providtncu Bulletin
possessed by the Big Five, and used
frequently in the past by Russia.
In view of council actions in the
past, it is regarded as highly unlikely
that it could accept, without challenge,
the position that any important phase
of the Greco-Turkish question was a
matter of procedure.
Sen. Harry F. Byrd (D-Va) said the
Vandenberg plan was unworkable but
suggested that the President’s plan to
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GOOD WILL TOUR—U. S. Cruiser Providence arrives at Malta,
British bastion against the Nazis, after participating in Medi
terranean maneuvers recently with other American vessels.
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DIPLOMATIC HANDSHAKE—Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav
Molotov (right) greets U. S. Secretary of State George C.
Marshall in Moscow. At left is Molotov's daughter, Svetlana.
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STREET CLEANER—Solution to the nation's parking problems
may prove to be this new device for vertical parking. Mobile
lift places car on top deck in less than two minutes. In garages,
racks would be placed side by side without need of diagonal
braces. This demonstration was hold in Spokane, Wash.
GRIFFIN (GEORGIA) NEWS
combat communism be turned over to
the U.N. and that Russia be kicked out
if she vetoed it.
“If Russia is an enemy and persists
in being an enemy to free peoples,”
Byrd said, “it is better to have her out
side the family than inside.”
Byrd also proposed the use of eco
nomic sanctions against Russia. At
present, he declared the U.S. is “try
ing to ride two horses going in opposite
Medicine
TB and VD
At the close of World War I, in
fluenza raged through Europe. Mod
ern medicine, usirig penicillin, vac
cines, sulfa drugs and DDT, has been
able to prevent serious postwar epi
demies and hold influenza in cheek.
Europe’s health however is far
below prewar standards The white
plague of tuberculosis, flourishing
among millions of ill-fed and ill
housed, has reversed the downward
trend of a century and now is the
continent’s chief scourge Venereal
disease is the No 2 problem
An AP survey of 18 countries
showed that only Sweden escaped a
wartime increase in tuberculosis. Ger
many, Poland, Romania, Yugoslavia,
Austria and Greece are the continent’s
blackest plague spots with Moldavia
perhaps, the blackest of all: Germany,
which before the war had one of the
world’s lowest TB rates, now has one
of the highest.
Britain, Italy and Spain apparently
are recovering from wartime health
-slumps. In Britain, TB spurted briefly
early in the war but again is on the
decline. Despite cold, hunger and
medical supply shortages, Italy’s birth
rate is up and its death rate down.
Spain, almost isolated from the rest
of Europe, is recovering steadily from
the effects of its civil war. The 1946
death rate probably was the lowest
ifi Spanish history.
Science
Fuel of the Future
Conversion of coal to liquid fuel
to replace oil derivatives at a reason
able price is not too distant, an Ohio
research worker *old the Mid-West
Power Conference.
“Our proved reserves of petroleum
and natural gas appear great enough
for only a relatively short period in
the face of increasing demand,” said
Ralph A. Sherman, supervisor of the
fuels division of the Battelle Memorial
Institute. “But our reserves of coal, are
almost limitless and technological ad
vance has been so rapid our
ftars of excessive cost for
coal to liquid fuel now appear wholly
unjustified.”
He said there is a trend
‘ using fluid fuels in industry and
heating but said that coal
“our basic energy source.”
^In Short . .
Sworn; Prince Paul, 45, as
Greek king, succeeding his
George II. who died of a heart
Proposed: By M a y 0 r
O'Dwyer of New York City, a
pal budget for the next fiscal year
over a billion dollars, largest ever
milted in the U. S. except by the
era) government
Nominated: By the President,
new ambassadors: Cavendish W.
non to Yugoslavia, Stanton
to Poland, John C. Wiley to
Walter J. Donnelly to Costa Rica,
liamson S. Howell, Jr., to
Albert F. Nufer to El Salvador
Fletcher Warren to Paraguay.
Set: By the Wisconsin
Relations Eoard, a new
election for employes of the
Chalmers Manufacturing Co., back
work after a 328-day strike.
Moscow Conference
At Showdown
directions,” by encouraging trade with
Russia and her satellites while plan
ning to pour out millions of dollars to
fight communism.
The death of King George of Greece
from a heart attack does not materially
affect the situation. If anything, it may
facilitate matters by making it easier
for his successor to retract some of the
Greek government’s undemocratic
policies without losing face,
T HE Big Four conference in Moscow arrived this week at tha
showdown stage in the east-west deadlock over Germany’s future.
After almost a month of preliminary discussion, the foreign min
isters took off their diplomatic gloves and stopped talking generalities.
The exchanges were sharp, the language at times bitter. At grips on
the ministers huddled
Dates
Monday, April 7
Strike deadline, National Fed
eration of Telephone Worker*.
Be Kind to Animals Week
starts.
Anniversary (67th), Metropoli
tan Opera, N. Y. C.
Tuesday, April 8
Anniversary (434th), Ponce de
Leon landed at St. Augustine,
Fit., in search of the Fountain of
Youth.
Thursday, April 10
World trade meeting star
Geneva.
Saturday, April 12
Anniversary (second), death of
Franklin D. Roosevelt and inau
guration of Harry S. Truman as
32nd President of the U. S.
Cherry blossom festivals start
in Washington, D. C.
Sunday, April 13
Thomas Jefferson’s birthday.
Straws
Donkey Serenade
Democrats from coast to coast took
heart at the smashing victory of Mar
tin H. Kennelly, 59-year-old political
newcomer, elected mayor of Chicago
last Tuesday in the nation’s first major
1947 test of political trends.
Kennelly, who ran as an “independ
ei.t” Democrat, piled up the greatest
margin in a Chicago mayoral contest
in 12 years and continues for another
four years the control Democrats have
held unbroken in the city since 1930.
Heavy Democratic majorities in Chi
cago helped put Illinois’ 28 electoral
votes in the Democratic column in the
last four presidential elections.
Kennelly defeated Russell W. Root,
who as t ook Coun+y GOP cnr.rman,
directed his party to a lopsided victory
over retiring .. . Mayor Edward J. Kelly a
Democratic machine in last Novem
bers electlon > winning 14 of the 17
count y offices at stake.
The Democratic triumph dealt Re
P ub Lcan aspiration* a stunning blow,
Carro11 Reece - Repu b lk»»
chairman, had termed the contest
“ im P° rtant preliminary
in the 1948 presidential battle.
Dwi 8ht H. Green’s Republican
organization gave Root its active
P orb
The . was stormy
campaign a
„ Root 1I . U ected international issues
charged that a vote for his
°PP° nent was a vote * or war -
»
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Cargill, Hartford Tima%
WRITER'S CRAMP
ABROAD: Three Trouble
Holy Land's Easter
It was an uneasy Eastertide in
Palestine. While pilgrims gathered for
their annual devotions at the stations
of the Cross, the Jewish underground
continued its terrorist activities.
Te n a 8° Rn * lanc }'*
court , the Privy Council in London,
‘ refuse m P° s ed d on to ? bft ov Be ‘ h , e a ^ Gn eath ; ner ,e of " Ir8 tence “"
? va « Leumi T . for participating m a raid
\ n wh ‘ c h two P oR «me n ■were failed,
dewlah t , erro ."* . t8 back by firing
^ he Half , ? oJ docks wh ‘ ch
hours before they ,, were brou * ht under
«>o lro1 -
Damage was estimated .. . . at , ,. $4,000,000 nftn
and a Brltl sh 8 f okasman sald tbe
"community would have to pay for
the damages.” Haifa’s 80,000 Jews
were placed under house arrest but
the curfew was lifted shortly after.
India’s Holy War
Meanwhile in India, Hindu-Moslem
disorders in Bombay, Calcutta and
Cawnp.ore killed 49 persons and in
jured 187. The Bombay riots were
(AU Right* Reserved. AP Rrwifralurell
PAGE THREE
£4
a few aides in place of the big, un
wieldy delegations. It was a tactic that
at times had proved successful in Paris
and New.York in bringing about real
bargaining on points that must be com
promised.
The restricted sessions followed a
blunt speech by American Secretary ot
State George C. Marshall flatly reject
ing Russia's ultimatum that repara
tions from current German production
must be a condition of Germany’s eco
nomic unity. The United States op
posed, said Marshall, policies which
would make Germany “an economic
poorhouse in the center of Europe.’’
Marshal] used some of his sharpest
language informing the Russians it
would be impossible to reach agree
ments on the basis of an “ultimatum. *»
Long-Range View
“We are here to resolve not accen
tuate our differences,” he declared,
“but wo should not seek agreement
merely for the sake of agreement. Tha
United States recognizes that its re
sponsibilities in Europe will continue
and it is more concerned in building
solidly than in building fast.
“Unless we have a real meeting of
minds and a real desire to carry out
both the spirit and letter of our agree
ment, it would be better if none were
reached. /
In referring to the Potsdam agree
ment and the Russian claim for cur
said: ,
rent reparations, Marshall
It looks very much to us as though
the Soviet Union is trying to sell tha
same horse twice.”
We do not approach this problem aa
merchants,” retorted Vyacheslav M.
Molotov, Russian foreign minister,
«< but we do not want other merchants
selling our horse at a low price with
out our consent.”
Crux Is Reparations
The Soviet diplomat said he could
not understand U. S. concern about
reparations since it had neither been
occupied during the war nor suffered
any war damage. German • economy
managed to sustain a tremendous war
effort, he said, and the 10 billion dol
lsrs in reparations which the Russians
demand could be paid if German In
dustry were revived and the German
people , carried , . out ....... their duties hon*
estly.
Marshall said that Russia’* import
plan for Germany, if adopted, would
reduce German rations to a starvation
level. He also referred to former Ger
man provinca* now taken over by Po
land, which Russia has insisted ara
now permanently Polish,
Former Secretary of State James P.
Byrnes in his speech in Stuttgart, Ger*
many, last September, consider final said the this assign- coun
did not
ment of this territory to Poland Mar
shall’s reiteration of the subject fore
shadows another Atnencan-Russ.an
dispute over German boundaries.
broken up only after police fired re
peatedly into the mobs.
In New Delhi, Mohandas K. Gandhi,
spiritual leader of the predominantly
Hindu Congress party, conferred with
Viceroy Viscount Mountbatten on
problems relating to Britain's plans
for relinquishing sovereignty over
India. Gandhi had just returned from
a several weeks' tour on foot of the
Bengal and Bihar provinces where
communal rioting had accounted for
hundreds of deaths.
Troubled Ruhr
Ten days ago a crowd 0 1 50,000, A _
biggest gathering of Germans sine*
the palmy dayl ot the .wastika,
massed in Dusseldorf to protest ln
a d e q Ua t e food rations,
British administrators conceded that
f u u f ood ra tions had not been met in
bjg Ruhr towns “for some time" but
blamed the failure on tieup of water ]
the frozen Rhine and ~
transport on in
s t U pidity of German administrators
not allowing industry less and rail
roads mors coal to meet the emer
gency.