Newspaper Page Text
Saturday, Jul y 26. 1947.
I Indonesians Protest The WORLD This WEEK Adjustments Ahead
Truman ,
Dutch 'Colonial War Warns
VIOLENCE FLARES ABROAD
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V.]t\ PALESTINE
JEWISH REFUGEES leave battered immigration
ship at Haifa after British rammed it in fierce
battle. Passengers were returned to France.
Open Warfare Rages
In Java & Sumatra
S TRIFE, Communiques unrivalled detailed since the amphibious last war, operations, flared around the the first world. since
World War II, as U.S.-trained Dutch marines swept ashore on Java.
The Netherlands government also launched land and air action
against the Indonesian Republic after breakdown of two-year nego
tiations with the natives for
The Greek army appeared to have
contained the thrust of two guerrilla
forces near the Albanian border but
the almost interminable civil war
dragged on in China with neither side
gaining decisive advantage.
Machine guns chattered in the Holy
Land as Britain imposed house arrest
on many of Palestine’s Jews and the
underground seemed on the verge of
an outright offensive against British
rule. The immediate cause was ram
ming by British warships of a block
ade runner with 4,500 refugees and
sending them, not to internment
camps on Cyprus but back to France
where they had embarked.
Burma was a powder keg after the
machine gun massacre of eight Bur
mese council ministers.
Open Warfare
Open warfare in Indonesia was par
ticularly shocking. The republic pro
tested the Dutch hostilities to the
world and also asked Britain and
the U.S. to intercede.
A few months ago the Netherlands
government was being hailed for its
progressive attitude in agreeing on a
plan for a United States of Indonesia
to become completely independent in
1949.
Difficulties arose over the manner
ot putting that plan into effect.
Throughout the two years of nego
tiations, there were sporadic out
breaks of fighting, the politically im
mature natives taxed the patience of
the Dutch by increasing demands, by
# retusmg to lay down their arms or
release their hostages ‘ until every
thing was signed, sealed and deliv
ered.
Last Sunday the Dutch opened hos
tilities by pressing land, sea and air
attacks Acting Governor - General
H. J. Van Mook described it as "local
police action ”
U. S.-Built Planes
Dutch pilots in American-built
Mustang (P-51) and Kittyhawk (P-40)
lighter planes strafed native airfields
on Java and Sumatra. It was a de
fenstve action Dutch authorities = ..thn-i.a.ri said,
1° lnd r*rA ‘r a .^ a C uI
mg Dulcn supply n concentrations. n T The
“zr*.
About 7.000 of th. invading Dutch
marines were tra) " e - and
at Lamp Lejeune, w. l., in i«4a. they
were issued the same equipment as
a brigade of U. S. Marines. That would
mclude some IS tanks, 12 howitzers,
automatic weapons, machine
mortars, anti-tank guns, flame
to"ndT«w5r.dS 1 P 1 ,P
i Science
Curb for the White Plague?
A tuberculosis vaccine’which scl
of Illinois Chicago campus.
The vaccine, BCG (bacillus of
Calmette and Guerin), can be manu
factured tor approximately one-half
cent a dose, sufficient to Immunize
t one person from five to seven years.
The University hopes ultimately to
distribute the preparation free
through funds to be obtained by a
research foundation board.
“If BCG were given to every child
and adult not now infected with tu
berculosis,” said Dr. Andrew C. Ivy,
director of the institute which will
be constructed this fall, “I am con
vinced that within 20 to 40 years we
can eliminate the need for sanita
Hums treating the disease.”
BRITISH BREN GUNNERS mount guard at stra
tegic points in Jewish Palestine as under
ground terror attacks increase in intensity.
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Pacific
American Trusteeship
For the first time in history, the
United States became a trusteeship
Power this week by taking over ad
ministration, under the United Na
lions, of the central Pacific islands
captured from Japan,
Adm. Louis E. Denfeld, commander
in chief of the Pacific fleet, was named
U. S. high commissioner of the Mari
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ADM. LOUIS DENFELD, Pacific
float commander, it U. S. high
commissioner for south Pacific
islands captured from Japan.
anas, Marshalls and Carolines. He
wil1 serv^ under an Executive order
terminating military government in
the islands and setting up an interim
civil administration under the Navy,
pending enactment of a permanent
j aw
While trte Navy is given interim
contrc>1 of the chains, authority
to close any areas for security reasons
wU1 be exercised jointly by the Sec
retary of the Navy and the Secretary
H At SmOI"*!
1 w 1 J
e The Pennsylvania Railroad had to
revert to steam on its Harrisburg, Pa -
p 0 ri Deposit, Md., line when three
electric freight locomotives stalled
a{t er running into swarms of flies,
Sh ° rt drCUUing th6m -
• FUty years ago tn Salt Lake City,
John H. Udall’s father told him if he
banked a dollar and kept it there un
til he was as old as Methuselah he’d
be a rich man. John, then a youth, de
posited one dollar in a savings »c
count with the Zion Savings Bank and
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interest SL • it would have taken 25 years
doubled itself
.-cond about 20 v P ari arm
.toDDed navine interest on
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• Britain, carrying coals , to New
castle is not as s>Hy as it formerly
was said to be. The government is im
porting American coal to relieve the
f uei ‘^ruge.
• In Chicago, a city fireman punched
■ bear in the nose to rescue a three
y««r-old tot who clambered over ttie
para bear r ran ® Ia * ed in ine *“ city * np zoo. me When nr * man the
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anatched , the child away.
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INDONESIAN GUERRILLAS, Ilk* that* non-uniformed paaaanta,
form tha backbone of forces opposing invading Dutch troops,
equipped for the most part with modern American weapons.
U. S. AID: The of Nation’s Production f ft
S ECRETARY of Commerce
Averill Harriman, back from
a tour of Germany, France, Eng
land and Italy, said the Marshall
program of aid for Europe would
require prompt action by Con
gress early next year if it becomes
effective.
“Everywhere I went,” he said, “the
Marshall proposal was the first thing
to give real hope to every nation that
it could get back on its feet.
Harriman said that if the program
could be "worked out” he was con
vinced Europe’s problems are solva
ble. He explained that “the working
out” means agreement by European
nations to help themselves before
coming to this country for aid. He
described the Marshall plan as a
“grub-staking proposition.”
The key to revival of European in
dustry, he said, was greater coal pro
duction in the Ruhr and elsewhere.
More food is the first need of German
miners to increase their output, Har
riman said, after that, machinery.
British mines could be made more
productive by greater use of machin
ery and opening of new coal veins, he
thought
French Are Perturbed
Meanwhile France sought American
and British assurance that Germany’s
industrial level would not be raised
so high that she would again become
a menace to world peace.
The French ambassador in Wash
ington, Henri Bonnet, declared that
France favored booming coal produc
tion in the Ruhr but not for using it
in Germany to make German steel.
That road, he said, has led repeatedly
te war, not only against France, but
every other nation.
The House Foreign Affairs Commit
tee conferred with Secretary Marshall
in Washington and reported assur
Dates
Monday, July 28
Anniversary (33rd), start of
World War L
Tuesday, July 29
Methodist “grass roots” con
ference opens in Lincoln, Neb.
Baptist world conference starts
in Copenhagen.
. .. Au . ust . . 1
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Army Air , Forces Day.
SlaVGT #. |
On. o( , th. L Family
a federal jury in San Diego, Calif.,
convicted Mrs. Alfred Wesley Ingalls,
62, of enslaving her Negro maid, Dora
Jones. It was the first outright slavery
case under the 13th Amendment to
the Constitution since 1880.
Boston-born ofcolonLlCovIrn^rBradfurdof Mrs Ingalls a descend
ant
Massachusetts, admitted that Dora
was never paid, except for one year
s i nce 1907, but maintained that she
had been provided for in other ways,
jj ora waa no t a servant but “one of the
f arn ily ” Mrs. Ingalls explained
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The maid testified however that
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MrS- . In * alls was 8 missionary school
teacher and Dora W8# a P u PU of 13
Tbe casa brolte ftve months ago
when the l n 8alls’ 27-year-old married
daughter called on Berkeley, Calif.,
police to "free” Dora. Mrs. Ingalls had
tw0 daug hters, one by her first and
one by her ge <;ond husband. Both teg
tilled against their mother.
Mrs. Ingalls, bom on Boston’s arts
tocratic Beacon Hill, will be sentenced
Tuesday as a slaver. She faces a max
lmu m prison term of five years, a
$5 000 flne> or both.
Dora Jones, now 58, was not there
for the verdict. She went to St. Louis
to live with a brother, saying
never wanted to see the Ingalls again.
GRIFFIN (GEORGIA) NEWS
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ENGINEERING PHENOMENON
ances that German industrial and
military potentials would be kept dis
tinct and under control.
Congressional Tours
The end of this summer will find
the world's airways and seaways
BERLIN: Occuoation Daze
'Everytime Somebody Sneezes . ..'
The mu t>- Big -c Four i in n Germany, un
able to agree on how to rule the
drawn-and-quartered Reich, are in
dispute about even matters of rou
tine policy. Witness the transfer last
week from Nuernberg to Berlin of
the surviving “Big Seven” of Hitler’s
hierarchy.
Since last October when the seven
Nazis were sentenced at Nuernberg
there was disagreement about how
and where they should serve out
their terms. Spandau Prison in the
British sector of Berlin finally was
, “d gu“ «uX
among the four occupying powers.
Then an argument broke out over
strictness of the prison regime, with
the British arguing for "humane”
treatment and the Russians demand
ing Spartan measures. It finally was
agreed that the seven should serve
their terms under the German prison
code.
Correspondents, eager for details
of the return of the “Big Seven” to
the capital where they once had
strutted, rushed to Spandau to find
American, British, French and Rus
sian officials arguing.
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had .,ri».d_„o. even their names.
The others wanted to be more liberal
with details. The Russians won.
one-sentence communique was Issued.
Inside the gates, where the prison
ers were stripped, searched and
bathed, another argument broke out.
French guards found American
gars and cigarettes in the prisoners’
baggage They had been issued
regular prisoner of war rations.
Said one Frenchman: “We
get any decent imported tobacco,
Why should these Nazis have it?
The Russians supported the French
Americans conceded that the
probably had seen the last of
tobacco At ratlgp conference s. in the
a press auar-
THE BORDER WATCH IK
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AMERICAN PROPOSALS for an 11-nation com
mission to maintan a border watch in the
Balkans were opposed by Russia in the U.N.
teeming with Congressional investiga
tors. House and Senate committees
will visit Europe and the Orient. The
special 19-man House committee to
study foreign aid will make several
official trips
te [ s of the £°“ r P rison governors,
other snarls 'tWfceloped. * r The French
governor deserted the conference
early. The Russian governor never
appeared.
The American governor said he
would talk if authorized by his supe
rior at the Allied Kommandanture.
Before he could start, however, the
British governor said this constituted
“unilateral action" and “you had
better move over into the American
sector so I don’t even hear it.”
One American member of the
prison staff threw up his hands.
“Everytime somebody sneezes around
here it requires a four-power con
ference,” he said.
Four Decisions
The upshot was that the Americans
told their story to reporters, the
British issued a press release describ
ing the prison regimen; the Russians
and French said nothing,
Rudolf Hess, ex-deputy fuehrer;
Walther Funk, former economics
minister, and former Grand Admiral
Erich Raeder, all were sentenced to
life by the Nuernberg International
Military Tribunal. Baldur von Schir
ach, ex-youth leader, and Albert
Speer, former arms production chief,
received 20 years each; Baron Con
^ ormer Admiral Karl Doenitz will
serve 10 years.
How Mighty Have Fallen
They will serve out their terms in
sparsely furnished cells, stripped of
glass and other , potential suicide
instruments. Their only privilege
will be working nine hours a day
except Sundays and holidays, if they
are judged physically fiW by phy
sicians.
Work, religious services and walks
will be communal. The work will
include regular prison cleaning. The
food will be normal German prison
fare., The rest of the time' the former
high Nazi brass will tit id their soil
tary cells, dressed in drab gray
prison uniforms.
ROYAL ENGAGEMENT •
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l #1.1 ■ ■ 4 »I» ! 5*1 s ■ EDINBURGH *1 4 >*» <•
PRINCESS ELIZABETH, heiress presumptive to
the British throne, and her fiance, It. Philip
Meuntbatten, are welcomed at Edinburgh.
Sets Alltime Record
A S loins MEMBERS early this of week the House for adjournment, and Senate the girded President their legislative delivered 4 *9
another message to Congress. Unlike his recent veto messages on the
tax and labor bills, it was well received on Capitol Hill. Mr. Truman
reported the nation’s had surged pinnacle of “unprece- Kt
economy to a
dented and that this has “the richest
♦- +
Lincoln Papers
Historical Gold Mine
Libraries throughout the country
eagerly awaited microfilm copies of
the White House papers of Abraham
Lincoln, bared to the public for the
first time July 26 at the Library of
Congress in Washington.
The papers were collected by Rob
ert Todd Lincoln from his father’s
desk in the Executive mansion Imme
diately after the assassination of the
Civil War President.
The son deeded them to the Library
of Congress in 1923, stipulating that
they be withheld from public or pri
viate inspection until 21 years after
his death. Robert T. Lincoln died
July 26, 1926.
The younger Lincoln Imposed se
f tecy because, he said, his father's
papers contained references to snees
tors of persons then living which
should not then be made public.
John Hay and John C. Nicolayi sec
rctaries of President Lincoln, used the
papers in preparing their 10-volume
biography of Lincoln, and their man
uscripts were carefully edited by Lin
coin’s son. It is believed controversial
matters were deleted.
The collection contains from 15,000
to 20,000 documents. Its size is indi
cated by the fact that a single copy
of the microfilm extends 10,300 feet
or nearly two miles.
Loot
The Road Back
The War Department this week
tumed over to the Customs
in Washington more than
in Hessian crown jewels and
looms, stolen two years ago
Kronberg Castle in Frankfort
Former WAC Capt. Kathleen
Durant now is In a West
federal reformatory, awaiting a
sion on her habeas corpus plea
? courtmarLai . , sentence of , five .
in connection with the theft.
husband, Col. Jack Durant,
sentenced to 15 years.
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NO-LIMIT OAME
MCI
powerful productive machine ever
devised.”
The President warned, however, Mi
that the economic lituation was sus
tained by pent-up wartime consumer
demand, by heavy use of savings and
credit, and by a huge excess of ex*
ports over imports,
These are temporary props, he said,
and as they weaken there must be
basic readjustments to complete the
transition to a stable and high-level
peacetime economy,
Outlook Is Rosy
The tone of the President’s special
mid-year economic report on the na
tion’s well-being was rosy. He de
dared:
“We have surpassed previous high
records of civilian production and are
now producing goods and services at
the rate of 225 billion dollars annu
ft Uy
"Month by month there has been
talk of recession; month by month re
cession has failed to materialize.
Farm income has attained a record
level. The financial position of busi
ness is strong
Management and labor have co
operated in maintaining industrial
peace. Productivity is on the increase.”
The Four C’s
Prominently mentioned in the 30,
000-word report were four C’s—corn,
coal, construction and commerce over
seas—named by Mr. Truman as de
velopments which mean that inflation
ary problems might become stronger.
In Short..
Opened: For the first time since the
blast deaths of 111 miners, the Cen
tralia, 111., mine under new manage
ment > the Peabody Coal Co., Chicago,
Resigned: “Ben” Cohen, last of the
original F.D.R. “brain trust,” as coun
selor of the State Department; his
successor, Charles E. Bohlen, the
State Department's Russian expert.
Reported: On Gov. Thomas E,
Deweys _ , western , tour, . by Republican „
leaders of 11 states, that Dewey is
leading the GOP presidential nomina
tion race in their states