Newspaper Page Text
The
Johnson
Story
In the history of the presi
dency, few administrations
can match for dramatic highs
and lows Lyndon Baines
Johnson’s five years in the
White House. It began, as
the President said in an
nouncing hi s withdrawal
from the presidential race, at
a moment of national trau
ma.
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But foreign war, not domestic reform, rapidly became
the overriding issue. On Aug. 5, 1964, the President
reported threat of conflict in the Gulf of Tonkin.
Bomb Pause Line Is
Above Parallel 20
By JOHN HALL
WASHINGTON (UPI) _ The
State Department talked Pres
ident Johnson out of telling the
American people last Sunday
the exact extent he was scaling
down the bombing of North
Vietnam in his peace overture,
according to congressional lead
ers.
In the wake of Senate
recrimination implying Johnson
suggested he was offering a
greater de-escalation than he
intended to carry out, the
Pentagon announced late Tues
day that the bombing ban
applied to the northern "three
fourths” of North Vietnam
above the 20th parallel.
This would be above a line
about 75 miles south of Hanoi
-225 miles north of the Demilita
rized Zone (DMZ).
Senate Democratic leader
Mike Mansfield defended John
son against the implication of
deception that arose during the
Senate debate Tuesday, assert
ing: “The President did not
lie.”
The President’s description of
the bombing ban as exempting
SO per cent of North Vietnam’s
population and “most of its
territory” was "technically
correct,' Mansfield said.
Congressional leaders were
told in alvance that Johnson
would announce in his nationally
broadcast and televised speech
a ban on bombing above the
20th parallel, Mansfield said,
but “he was persuaded by a
diplomatic colleague...that he
should not signal an area of
safety.”
The controversy boiled up
when new reports came in of
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Catapulted into the presidency by the assassination
of John F. Kennedy, Johnson took oath of office
Nov. 22, 1963, aboard Air Force 1 at Dallas, Tex.
raids some 225 miles above the
DMZ.
Chairman J. William Ful
bright, D-Ark., of the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee
declared: “I was completely
House Pressured
On lav Increase
By MICHAEL L. POSNER
WASHINGTON (UPD—Pres
sure was mounting on House
taxwriters today to approve
higher income taxes in the wake
of the Senate’s overwhelming
passage of a combination surtax
and spending cut scheme that
had President Johnson’s bless
ing.
The Senate Tuesday nailed
the 10 per cent surtax and a $6
billion spending reduction to a
non-controversial House-passed
bill extending the current level
of telephone and auto excise
taxes beyond this past April 1.
A House and Senate negotiat
ing conference was handed the
job of Ironing out differing
versions of the tax measure in a
give-and-take session. Chairman
Wilbur D. Mills, D-Ark., of the
House Ways and Means Com
mittee, was showing no signs—
at least publicly—of accepting
the Senate’s tax and spending
cut plan. But in a year of
political surprises all bets were
off when it came to predicticg
the final outcome of the
measure.
Mills, who has been in
strumental in blocking the
surtax plan since Johnson sent
it to Congress last August, is a
jealous guardian of the constitu
tional right of the House, and
especially his committee, to
originate tax matters. Since the
surtax was adopted in the
Senate, and then tacked onto a
House bill, it is essentially a
Senate-born proposal at this
stage.
The surtax-spending cut plan
was proposed jointly by Sena
tors John J. Williams, R-Del.,
and George A. Smathers, D-
Fla., and won approval on a 53-
35 vote.
The Senate’s plan would raise
$11.7 billion through corporate
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A naval clash and congressional authorization to take
“appropriate” retaliatory steps soon followed. Bomb
ing of North Vietnam began and “escalation” became
the word of the day. The American commitment,
under Gen. William Westmoreland, grew to a half
million troops. Yet the conflict dragged. Beset by
mistaken about the degree of
the President’s objectives. This
is not going to be a significant
inducement to peace and I
submit the American people had
a different idea.”
Johnson’s Senate allies wrote
the criticism off as a misunder
standing caused by fuzzy
wording in Johnson’s dramatic
speech, which combined the
peace overture with an an
nouncement he would not seek
another presidential term.
and individual income taxes.
Taxpayers would be asked to
pay an additional 10 per cent
levy on whatever taxes they
owed with the surtax scheduled
to expire in June, 1969. Another
$2.9 billion would be raised
through extension of excise
taxes and $960 million by
speeding up corporate tax
payments.
RFKGets
Weltner
Support
ATLANTA (UPI) — Congres
sional candidate Charles L>.
Weltner became the first high
ranking Democrat to endorse
presidential hopeful Sen. Rob
ert Kennedy, saying he could
bring "determination" to the
country if he were elected.
The former Congressman
who declined to run for reelec
tion in 1966, because of party
rules which then forced loyalty
to Gov. Lesster Maddox, said
the brother of the late Presi
dent John F. Kennedy offered
an antidote to the present do
mestic situation.
“I think one of the underly
ing problems of the country
today is a diminishing sense of
community and growing sense
of futility,” he said Tuesday.
Weltner, seeking to regain his
Fifth District seat, rejected the
idea of Southern governors
meeting to plan strategy in the
wake of President Johnson’s
bowing out of the presidentfal
race.
“I do not believe in a South
ern strategy,” the Atlantan said.
"It’s time for our part of the
country to be considered a part
of the nation, to consider itself
a part of the nation.”
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The Johnson years began with a rush of social legislation rivaling the early New
Deal. Johnson was swept into office in his own right Nov. 3, 1964, by the great
est popular vote landslide in the nation’s history.
Madison Voters
Reject Cease Fire
By WILLIAM E. HAUDA
MLWAUKEE, Wis. (UPD—
Voters in Madison, Wisconsin’s
capital city, Tuesday rejected a
proposal that would have made
their community the first in the
nation to oppose the Vietnam
war.
Fifty-seven per cent—27,sss—
— the voters cast ballots in
oppsition to the proposal which
endorsed an immediate cease
fire and withdrawal of Ameri
can forces from Vietnam.
Forty-three per cent—2o,s23—
voted for the cease-fire and
withdrawal.
Communists
Scorn LBJ
Peace Bid
By WALTER LOGAN
United Press International
From Peking to Moscow, the
Communist world today scorned
President Johnson’s limited
bombing pause in North Viet
nam as a step toward peace.
They did not specifically say
“nyet.” But the tone was "no”
to the gesture Johnson hoped
would bring a move for peace
from Hanoi.
From Peking, a Japanese
newsman quoted North Vietna
mese in the Chinese Communist
capital as having "reaffirmed
the stand taken by the Hanoi
government that peace negotia
tions could be started only after
the United States unconditional,
ly stopped bombing...they said
President Johnson’s announce
ment did not mean uncondition
al halt to such bombings.”
Moscow radio broadcast that
Johnson was "not sincere.”
It said there is “little point In
expecting results from the
decisions taken by Washington.”
Premier Alexei N. Kosygin of
the Soviet Union, visiting Iran,
said Tuesday night at a Tehran
banquet that peace will come to
Vietnam only when the United
States stops fighting.
He said the time has come
"when it should be clear to the
aggressor that the only way out
for him is to stop aggression
against the Vietnamese people.”
The hard tone of Kosygin’s
remarks reinforced belief that
Moscow would ignore Johnson's
urging for the Russians to join
the push for peace. In London,
Prime Minister Harold Wilson
of Britain appeared waiting in
vain for a favorable response
from Moscow on his bid for
Soviet cooperation In seeking
peace talks.
Johnson, in his speech to
Americans Sunday night, had
urged Britain and Russia, co
chairmen of the Geneva agree
ment on Indochina, to seek
peace talks.
critics at home and abroad, the President was vow
ing to persevere up to the eve of his stunning retire
ment announcement. Yet fatigue, evident during his
address to AFL-CIO leaders March 25, seemed in
creasingly to belie the fighting words.
The question presented to
voters in the city of about
160,000 persons, site of the
University of Wisconsin’s main
campus, called for a "yes” or
“no” vote on the statement:
"It is the policy of the city of
Madison that there be an
immediate cease-fire and with
drawal of troops from Vietnam,
so that the Vietnamese people
can determine their own desti
ny.”
While it was rejected, howev
er, Madison’s proposal drew
greater support than a similarly
worded referendum question
last November in San Francis
co. That proposition drew the
support of only 37 per cent of
the 209,128 voters there.
Maurice Zeitlin, a University
of Wisconsin sociology professor
who led the support of the
Madison proposal, was quick to
point out the increased vote
percentage. He said the vote
was "a success.”
“This shows how much work
still has to be done in bringing
the facts about the war to the
citizenry of the country,” Zeit
lin said.
Madison’s voters followed the
recommendation of their City
Council in voting down the
proposition. The aidermen re
luctantly put the proposal on
the ballot after receiving 8,000
signatures in support of a
Vietnam vote, but recomended,
20-0 that the city reject it.
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COSTUMED PRINCESS
Grace of Monaco, former
actress Grace Kelly, at
tends a masquerade ball in
Monte Carlo dressed as a
turn-of-the-century belle.
OVERZEALOUS
FORT WORTH (UPD—A
presidential campaign always
brings out the voters, but
Tarrant County tax collector
Reed Stewart says this year the
election has brought out too
many.
Stewart said Tuesday a check
of the county records showed
8,000 persons had registered
twice and several persons had
registered three or more times.
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Griffin Daily News
First Call For
Reserves Near
By DONALD H. MAY
WASHINGTON (UPI) — The
first of a planned series of
reserve callups, perhaps 7,000 to
8,000 men initially, appears to
be imminent.
The announcement could
come any time in the next few
days. It would be the fourth
reserve callup since the Korean
war. In 1961, some 148,000 were
activated because of the Berlin
crisis; a year later 14,000 were
called up in the Cuba missile
crisis; and in late January
14,787 were recalled when North
Korea seized the Navy spy ship
Pueblo.
At the same time, it was
learned that the Pentagon
probably will send a mecha
nized army brigade of about
5,000 men to Vietnam in the
next few months.
Gen. William C. Westmore
land wanted such a unit last
February after the Communist
Tet offensive, but none was
immediately available.
Instead the Marine Corps’
6,000-man 27th regimental land
ing team from Camp Pendleton,
Calif., was rushed to Vietnam in
February.
Defense officials say the
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Wednesday, April 3, 1968
Marines are now over-deployed
in Vietnam in relation to their
support and rotation base and
their other commitments in the
Mediterranean and Caribbean.
As a result the 27th will come
home.
Defense officials disclosed
earlier this week that President
Johnson may activate between
50,000 and 60,000 reservists—
nearly all from the Ariny—in a
series of calls continuing for
several months.
The men would be used to
bolster U.S. forces in Vietnam
and to reinforce the Army’s
standby forces in the United
States, which have been de
pleted by the Vietnam war.
OUT OF FOCUS
BLOOMINGTON, Ind. (UPI)
—Harvard Prof. George Wald
was out of sight Tuesday when
he spoke at the International
Conference on Visual Science at
Indiana University.
Wald, who won the Nobel
Prize for work on human vision,
broke his glasses just before
stepping to the podium and
could not see the movie slides
he was showing. The IU division
of optometry put the professdr
back in focus in a jiffy.