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From Soaring Sixties
To Stirring Seventies
By DON OAKLEY
It was neither the best of years nor the worst of years.
Anno Domini 1969 was, however, on balance a good year—
good in the sense that its heartening developments out
weighed its discouragements.
The year began—or rather, 1968 ended—on an alarming
enough note:
Student unrest and the alienation of youth from society
had reached new peaks of violence the previous spring at
Harvard and other campuses and later at the Democratic
Convention in Chicago, and no one knew whether even
higher peaks were yet to come.
American bombers no longer flew over North Vietnam,
but in the south the war went on aqd on and American
battle deaths continued to mount. The war had written a
dismal finis to the career of an outgoing president and
there was no great confidence that his successor would
have any better luck finding that much desired but elusive
“peace with honor.”
Inflation and erosion of the dollar were beginning to hurt
Americans seriously, particularly in the category of
housing.
A massive oil spill off Santa Barbara brought home to us
the realization that no nuclear war was needed to wipe out
the human race. The slow poisoning of the environment
with the wastes of our vaunted technology would be quite
adequate for the job.
And while 1968 had been a fairly quiet year in terms of
racial strife, this could mean that the dam, when it burst,
would release that much worse a flood of trouble. Indeed,
thought many, the fact that a Republican was now presi
dent guaranteed an intensification of the “polarization” (a
new vogue word) between white and black Americans.
Viewed against this background of dire expectations, 1969
was a spectacularly unspectacular year.
None of these problems were solved, they face us still as
another year begins, but on all the counts—alienation and
dissent, the war, inflation, pollution, race—real progress
was made.
There were incidents and exceptions, but the campuses
and the ghettos as a whole did not explode. Americans
were as unified as they were polarized and the majority of
them of whatever race or age, gave evidence that they
believed the hope of America lay in peaceful evolution, not
revolution.
Inflation was at least slowed somewhat. The scheduled
ban on the use of DDT was a sign of our growing awareness
of pollution. The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. met in Helsinki and
initiated the most significant disarmament talks since the
end of World War 11.
There was no peace in Vietnam and not much honor,
especially in the wake of the My Lai revelations, but Amer
ica’s heavy involvement began to be cranked down.
Not least of all, two men stood on the moon and showed
us just how tiny our spinning globe is against the vastness
of the universe and how petty its divisions—and at the
same time how all-embracing and infinite are the aspira
tions of the human spirit. This most astounding exploit in
history gave us new confidence in our ability to meet the
challenges that confront us on earth.
It was a year of beginnings—good beginnings. The year
we now enter must be a time of following up those begin
nings, of bringing their promises to fruition.
SIDE GLANCES by Gill Fox
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"We’re torn between Harvard and Yale, but we’ve
definitely decided on Young Republicans!”
TIMELY
QUOTES
By United Press International
WASHINGTON -Dr. Robert
W. Kistner, of the Harvard
Medical School, asserting that
there is no basis presently for
linking birth control pills to
cancer:
“There is no statistically
valid basis for linking the pill to
the various forms of cancer
that occur in the female.”
WASHINGTON -Dr. Roy
Hertz, former National Cancer
Institute official, testifying be
fore a senate subcommittee
about his efforts a decade ago
to slow down federal approval
of birth control pills so they
could first be tested:
“There were operating in our
society intensely venal pres
sures . . . sufficient to
neutralize the best efforts of
any of us, including legislators
who .. . proposed, in the public
interest, a more orderly proce
dure.”
LAS VEGAS—Former actress
Jean Peters, announcing she
will divorce billionaire recluse,
Howard Hughes:
“Our marriage has endured
13 years, which is long by
present standards.”
Almanac
For
Today
By United Press International
Today is Saturday Jan. 17,
the 17th day of 1970 with 348 to
follow.
The moon is in its first
quarter.
The morning stars are
Mercury, Venus and Jupiter.
The evening stars are Mars
and Saturn.
On this day in history:
In 1706 American statesman
and author Benjamin Franklin
was born.
In 1806 the first baby was
born in the White House. He
was the son of Thomas and
Martha Randolph and the
grandson of President Thomas
Jefferson.
In 1950 nine bandits staged a
$1.5 million robbery of a
Brink’s armored car in Boston.
In 1965 exiles bombed a
Cuban sugar mill.
In 1968 President Johnson
delivered a State of the Union
message. In it he proposed a
$lB6 billion budget, a tax
surcharge and offered a condi
tional bombing halt in Vietnam.
A thought for the day:
Benjamin Franklin said, “Doth
thou love life? Then do not
squander time, for that is the
stuff life is made of.”
THOUGHTS
So I saw that there is
nothing better than that a
man should enjoy his work,
for that is his lot; who can
bring him to see what will
be after him?—Eccl. 3:22.
• • *
The man who builds a
factory builds a temple; the
man who works there wor
ships there; and to each is
due not scorn and blame but
reverence and pra i s e.—
Calvin Coolidge, 30th U.S.
president.
GEORGIA HIGHWAY SLAUGHTER
Through December 1969
1,778
Same Period 1968
1,789
Dec. ’69 Dec. ’6B
156 169
What Is YOUR Line?
It sounds about as exciting as the daily stock quotations
on lettuce futures, but one of the most “browsable” refer
ence works is the Department of Labor’s “Dictionary of
Occupational Titles.”
This is a two-volume compendium listing 35,550 occupa
tions from A&E (aircraft and engine) mechanic to zylo
mounter (one who sets lenses in eyeglass frames).
Many of the titles would stump the “What’s My Line?”
panel at its sharpest. Here are a few that caught the eyes
of editors at the National Geographic Society:
A “snow flicker” sounds like a winter-loving cousin of
the yellow-bellied sapsucker, but he’s really a guy who
keeps parking meters open for coins by removing snow
and ice. No kidding.
Similarly, a “snowman” chips ice and frost from refrig
erator coils.
An “inflation tester” doesn’t conduct surveys of food
prices. He inspects balloons and rubber gloves on the
production line.
A “crabber” may or may not be hard to get along with
as he tends textile equipment. A “gin clerk” never imbibes
on his job—keeping track of cotton bales.
A “frog shaker” has nothing against the little amphibians.
He just helps process tobacco. A “chamberman” is not a
valet to the king. He makes sulphuric acid.
The catalogue is constantly changing as new jobs are cre
ated and old ones are upgraded with fancier titles.
For example, in some parts of the country dishwashers
are known as “utensil maintenance men” and bill collec
tors have somehow been transformed into “guidance work
ers.”
It’s all in a day’s work.
Our $960 Billion
Tribute to Mars
In the past 100 years, the United States has spent 1
trillion and slightly more than 325 billion dollars on de
fense. The “slightly” is $320 million.
In a figure, that’s $1,325,320,000,000.
The total excludes payments made to veterans, interest
on the national debt arising from wartime deficits, military
aid to foreign nations or the cost of nuclear weapons. (The
latter comes under the budget of the Atomic Energy
Commission.)
There is no adjective that can describe this vast sum. It
is simply mind-numbing. It can, however, be broken
down into somewhat more comprehensible—if no less stag
gering-figures.
In fiscal 1969, for example, defense spending amounted to
$76.5 billion, second only to the record $80.5 billion spent
in the wartime year of 1945. By contrast, in 1870, a mere
$79 million went for defense.
Lest it be said that the factor of inflation is being
neglected, almost that much was “discarded” in rounding
off 1969’s figure. The full amount for 1969 was $76.56
billion.
Fully three-quarters of this $1,325 trillion—nearly $960
billion—has been spent in the past 21 years alone.
An even more provocative way of looking at our multiply
ing monetary homage to Mars has been made by Clarence
Streit, editor of “Freedom & Union” magazine:
• From 1896 through 1916—the first 21 years in the lives
of today’s grandparents—the nation spent $5.31 billion on
defense.
• From 1921 through 1941—the youth of today’s parents
—we spent $25.65 billion on defense.
• But from 1949 through 1969—the entire lifetime of to
day’s 21-year-olds — defense spending soared (zoomed,
rocketed?) to $959.86 billion.
Put still another way, in the past 21 years the United
States has spent on arms 37 times more than it did when
dad was reaching manhood and 181 times more than when
granddad was growing up.
It was not until he compiled these tables that he really
appreciated “the appalling difference” between life in his
youth and that of today’s young people, says Streit. The
difference is more than statistics. »
The draft, for instance, was unknown during his boyhood
and student years. Until shortly before World War 11, com
pulsory military service in peacetime was unknown in
America.
Before World War 11, the United States had resorted to
the draft only twice: First in the Civil War for about two
years, and in World War I for about two years—a total of
less than four in 166 years.
“That may suffice to show how alien to America was
the draft, until the rising generation was born,” says Streit.
“It is only too obvious,” he concludes, “that we grand
parents and parents have not builded better than we knew
(in Emerson’s phrase) but much worse.”
Rep. Paul Findley, R-111., is another who is impressed—
or distressed—by the disparity in this country’s spending
on armed power “to the neglect of idea power, moral
power.”
“We are justly concerned,” says Findley, “by the
unrest among our youth, the tumult on campus and in high
school, the rising rebellion of students against ROTC and
all the forms of strength through arms, their growing
tendency to echo the Communist charge that our country
is ‘imperialistic’. . .
“Yet to understand them, their parents and grandparents
must remember that no previous generation has ever seen,
through their entire lifetime, the overwhelming U.S. accent
on armed power that has been the lifelong experience of all
Americans under 21.”
Both Streit and Findley believe that an Atlantic federation
between the United States and Western Europe could have
saved half the $960 billion spent on defense since 1949. It
could save half of future defense spending.
Whether this is true or not is another argument. So is
the question whether the Cold War, the Korean war and the
Vietnam war could have been avoided.
But there can be no argument that $960 billion in 21 years
is—well, you supply the adjectives.
(Newspaper Enterprise Assn.)
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Doubts
Will I get rid of all doubts in
my mind if I become a Christ
ian? L.C.
The Christian life is called the
“life of faith”, but this doesn’t
mean that we never have
doubts. Even Peter, when he
took his eyes off Christ, sank be
neath the waves of doubt. Jesus
said, “0 thou of little faith,
wherefore didst thou doubt?”
Doubting is the human side of
our nature, and as long as we
are in the flesh, doubts will
arise.
Satin also is the source of
doubts. He writes a question
mark over every command and
promise of God. He said to
Adam and Eve: “Ye shall not
surely die”, raising a doubt as
to God’s warning to refrain
from eating the fruit of the tree
in the midst of the Garden. They
acted upon their doubts, and
tragedy ensued. From that day
to this men have been heeding
their doubts, rather than the
clear cut commands of God.
And when we do, tragedy comes
to our lives.
Doubts will come, even if you
are a Christian — but the faith
God gives us will conquer doubt.
“This is the victory that over
cometh the world (of doubt),
even our faith.”
WORLD ALMANAC
FACTS
fibh*
Jjr* 4 ' li
The most northerly en
gagement of the Civil War
was fought in St. Albans,
Vt., The World Almanac
notes. On Oct. 19, 1864, Lt.
Bennett Young led about
25 Confederates, mostly
escaped prisoners, against
the town, where they stole
$208,000. The raiders
escaped to Canada, where
most of the fugitives were
captured.
Copyright © 1970,
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
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Promising Power Source
Add “MHD” to the lengthy scientific alphabet the well
informed citizen should be conversant with.
MHD stands for “magnetohydrodynamics,” a long-known
but never-exploited method of generating electricity
directly from hot gases. It is a method that could mean not
only more efficient but virtually pollution-free electrical
energy production, say its proponents.
One of these is Dr. Arthur Kantrowitz, director of the
Avco Everett Research Laboratory and a contributor to the
heat-shield technology which made manned space flight
possible. Speaking before a recent Senate subcommittee
hearing, he urged the federal government to put a high
priority on the development of MHD power systems.
MHD could, he said, (1) reduce the thermal pollution of
our rivers and streams, (2) reduce atmospheric pollution
by noxious sulphur and nitrogen emissions and (3) help
conserve our precious natural resources.
In a conventional power plant, whether fueled by a
nuclear reactor or by burning a fossil fuel such as coal,
steam is produced to drive a turbine. The turbine in turn
rotates an armature in a magnetic field, generating elec
tricity. The efficiency for a nuclear plant is about 32 per
cent; for a fossil-fuel plant, about 40 per cent.
Smoke stack precipitators and other costly equipment
can trap pollution products, but with both nuclear and fos
sil-fuel plants there is the problem of waste heat, which
in many areas is taxing the ability of rivers to absorb it.
With MHD, the hot gases from burning the fuel are
“seeded” with salts to conduct electricity and sent at high
temperatures through a magnetic field in place of an arma
ture. The efficiency is about 60 per cent.
Recirculation of the seeded gases is an essential part of
the MHD process. Thus for economic reasons, as well as
for environmental ones, stack gas in an MHD plant is care
fully cleansed of all solid pollutants.
Since an MHD plant needs no water to make steam or for
cooling, thermal pollution is eliminated. This also makes
feasible the building of power plants in fuel-rich but water
short areas in the West.
Technology got us into the pollution mess and technology
will have to get us out. MHD sounds like a promising step
in that direction.
Around the World
36 East (Fr.)
37 Chest bones
39-Brood of
pheasants
40 Italian city
41 Permit
42 del Prado
in Madrid
45 Specters
49 Act of
advancing in
rank
51 Head cover
52 Dean of
St. Paul’s
53 Arundel
County,
Maryland
54 British pub
drink
55 Negative
replies
56 Employer
57 Conducted
DOWN
1 Back of the
neck
2 Scottish river
ACROSS
1 Hebrides
4 Verde
Islands
8 Taj Mahal site
12 Fruit drink
13 City in
Palestine
14 Hastened
15 Footlike part
16 Gave refuge to
18 Dinner
courses
20 of
Montezuma
21 Dance step
22 Path (dial.)
24 Midday
26 Flow in a
stream
27 Greek letter
30 Sphinx’s
riddle
32 Violent wind
of Arabia
34 Gloss
35 Dressmaking
term
“ 2™' 3~ " 6 F"! |8 I 9 |lO |n
12 13 14
15 16 17
18 19 ||2o
21 ■■22" 23 —I—I—I
24 25 ■■27" 28™ 29™
30 31 8H32 33
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42 |43 |44 ■■4 s“ 46 47 148
49 50 — 51 "
52 — 53 54
55 56 57 — — —
‘III ■ I I I I I 17
(Newspaper enterprise Assn.)
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Quimby Mellon, C.ry Cewnd Ouimbv Melt™, I-
Publißher BUI Knight, Editor Editor 1
t ull Leaaed Wire Service UPI. Fell N'EA, Addreae all mail Publinbed Dailv Fkmm nJ *>«« - *
Chottge of Add™. l m J 579) mP. O, C. ’’‘TS
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Griffin Daily News
Answer to Previous Puizle
3 Seat of U.S.
Military
Academy
(2 words)
4 Instances
5 Pain
6 Quickly
7 Conger
8 In advance
9 Young female
10 Stagger
11 Puts to
17 Chemical
substance
19 Scope
23 Oxidizes
24 Granular snow ■
25 Individuals
26 French city
27 Pertaining to
governmental
conduct
28 Vended
29 Arrow poison
31 Fine wool
33 Ore digger
38 Hollow vessels
40 Applelike
fruits
41 Ocean vessel
42 Twirl
43 Italian stream
44 Theater box
46 Corn bread
47 Story
48 Raced
50 Pastoral staff,
for instance
4