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A JCPenney
“ The Christmas Place
By EDWARD NEILAN
Copley News Service
WASHINGTON - During
your visit to the nation’s
capital, why not take in a
“Broadway” play?
Professional groups, often
those tuning up for New York
runs, perforin nightly at
historic Ford’s Theater.
If the name doesn’t ring a
be 11... Ford’s Theater is the
theater where President
Abraham Lincoln was
assassinated.
On the evening of April 14,
1865, Tom Taylor’s celebrated
comedy “Our American
Cousin” was playing to a full
house at Ford’s Theater.
In the audience, a young
woman named Julia Shephard
penned a hasty note to her
father back home:
“The president is in yonder
upper ry;ht hand private box so
handsomely decked with silken
flags festooned over a picture
of Geo'ge Washington. The
young and lovely daughter of
Senator Harris is the only one
of the party we can see, as the
flags hide the rest. But we know
‘Father Abraham’ is there, like
a father watching what in
terests his children. ...
School money crisis raises basic questions
By KENNETH J. RABBEN
Copley News Service
Anyone who has a balanced
checkbook or budget — or tried
— can sympathize with
schoolmen coping with the
problems of paying for public
education.
Once again the cry of fiscal
crisis is heard in the nation’s
Ford’s Theater has historical look
“How sociable it seems, like
one family sitting around their
parlor fire ... The American
cousin has just been making
love to a young lady who says
she will never marry but for
love, yet when her mother and
herself find he has lost his
property they retreat in disgust
at the left of the stage, while the
American cousin goes out at
the right. We are waiting for
the next scene.”
The next scene was one of
shock, confusion and terror:
the sharp crack of a pistol, a
woman’s piercing screams, the
dark figure of a man leaping
onto the stage, and someone
shouting, “Stop that man! He
has shot the president!”
Within moments, pan
demonium broke out, the
audience stumbling around in
bewilderment, no one wanting
to believe what had just oc
curred. Doctors scrambled
quickly into the president’s
box, examined his wound,
pronounced it fatal, and helped
to carry the unconscious leader
across the street to the home of
William Petersen.
There, at 7:22 the following
morning, Abraham Lincoln
died.
schools. The scope of the
problem was dramatized by
Mrs. Catherine Barrett,
president-elect of the National
Education Association, during
recent testimony before the
Senate Select Committee on
Equal Educational Op
portunity.
A telegram survey for the
committee of 103 school
systems of 50,000 pupils or
more disclosed claims from 41
that they were in a state of
fiscal crisis. Dayton, Ohio,
threatened to close schools Oct.
15 until January; Philadelphia
promised to end the school year
five weeks early, and Chicago
school staff members were told
to expect a 12-day layoff for
Christmas.
In some cases, such
predictions were made more
for political than educational
reasons in an attempt to con
vince state legislators to in
crease expenditures.
More than half the requests
for increased local school funds
are being voted down by
overburdened taxpayers to
whom the fiscal crisis alarm
sounds hollow. State capitals,
too, are feeling public pressure.
Legislators no longer accept
the dictum that more money is
the only answer to educational
problems.
The NEA’s Mrs. Barrett told
Congress the federal govern
ment should increase its share
of education funding to at least
a third of the public schools’
co§t. Uncle Sam spent S6O
billion on public education last
fiscal year and another $25
billion on private schools.
Unfortunately, there is little
evidence that the billions
already provided have
produced results, while there is
considerable evidence to the
contrary.
Financial problems are
forcing schoolmen and school
boards to make difficult
decisions about the kind of
education their schools will
provide. Some of the biggest
cuts are being made in art,
music, drama, industrial arts
and physical education, once
regarded as fringe programs.
Various extracurricular
activities are being reduced,
too, primarily recreational
ones that serve more to keep
children off their parents’
hands than to provide
demonstrable educational
benefits. There are fewer
nurses, psychologists,
guidance counselors, ad
ministrators, supervisors,
principals, clerical and
maintenance workers.
Mrs. Barrett told the Senate
committee that loss of art,
music, drama, industrial arts
and physical education is
crucial. Although she offered
no evidence, Mrs. Barrett said,
“... We really get through to
many of our so-called slow
learners through special
programs ... Pupils who do
not achieve quickly in basic
subjects frequently achieve
remarkably well here and this
success is a key to faster
learning in other subjects.”
This is a tacit admission of
the schools’ failure to over
come obstacles to teaching
basic skills. It also could in
dicate that children are being
denied the full benefit of in
struction in music, art and so
forth.
Mrs. Jean M. Flanigan, one
Ford’s Theater, one of
Washington’s most popular
playhouses, was closed after
the assassination. Its owner,
John T. Ford, planned to open it
again two months later, but an
indignant public forced him to
at andon the idea. The federal
government soon purchased
the theater and remodeled it
for use as an office building.
For years it was used as a
center for processing the
records of Union soldiers and to
house the Army Medical
Museum.
A second tragedy occurred
here on June 9, 1893, when the
third floor collapsed, killing or
injuring many government
workers. From that time the
structure was used for the
storage of government
publications.
In 1932, the famous Oldroyd
Collection of Lincolniana,
containing more than 3,000
items, was moved into the
building and Ford’s Theater
became the Lincoln Museum.
On Aug. 10,1933, it was trans
ferred to the National Park
Service.
Beginning in 1946, a number
of bills were introduced in
Congress to restore Ford’s
of the NEA’s fiscal experts,
notes that a system’s financial
situation is subject to daily
fluctuation.
She said pupils did not learn
in Prince Edward County, Va.,
some years ago when the public
schools closed during an in
tegration confrontation. While
pupils may not have learned in
the public schools, many
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GRIFFIN, GEORGIA
Page 15
Theater to its original ap
pearance as of the night of
April 14, 1865. No action was
taken until 1960, however, when
funds were appropriated for
research and architectural
study of the building. Final
approval for full restoration did
not come until July 7, 1964,
when the 88th Congress voted
$2,073,600 for that purpose.
On Feb. 13,1968 — after three
years during which the interior
of the building was pains
takingly rebuilt section by
section — Ford’s Theater was
reopened to the public.
Although some concessions
were made to satisfy modern
building and fire codes, the
theater is as accurate
historically as it was possible to
make it.
The furnishings throughout
are either original items or true
reproductions based on con
temporary photographs,
sketches or drawings,
newspaper articles, official
reports, and samples of
wallpaper and curtain material
from various museum
collections.
The presidential box is
decorated and furnished as it
was the night of April 14,1865.
children did learn in private
institutions opened by black
and white parents during that
period.
They provided one of the
most important rebuttals to
date to the claim of universal
damnation should public
schools close. They showed that
parents, regardless of race or
socioeconomic status, want
— Griffin Daily News Thursday, Nov. 18,1971
their children to have the
benefits of formal education,
and that they will do whatever
is required to insure it.
More recent inquiry
questions whether children
learn more in school or out.
Considering the custodial care
provided by most major city
school systems, it probably
does not make much
educational difference whether
President Lincoln occupied a
rocker; Mrs. Lincoln sat in a
straight cane-bottom chair at
the president’s right; Maj.
Henry Rathbone was on the
sofa, and Clara Harris, Rath
bone’s fiancee, was seated in
an upholstered chair slightly in
front of him.
The flags displayed across
the front of the box are also
reproductions, but the framed
engraving of George
Washington is the original used
on the night of the
assassination.
John Wilkes Booth, the
assassin, who knew practically
every line in the play, planned
his move for a time when only
one actor was on stage and the
audience laughing. When
Harry Hawk, in the role of Asii
Trenchard, uttered the words
“sockdolagizing old mantrap,”
the laughter came, the bullet
was fired, and Lincoln lapsed
into unconsciousness.
Booth reached the
presidential box from the dress
circle, or first balcony, which is
connected with the theater
lobby by a winding staircase.
Entering the narrow pas
sageway behind the box, he
barred the door so that no one
else could enter.
they attend.
This period could provide
incisive investigators a golden
opportunity to study major
school systems claiming crisis.
They could determine what
was eliminated, how and why,
and its effect on the per
formance of teachers and
pupils and the amount of
knowledge gained or lost.
Results could be compared to
similar systems that did not
make the same changes.