Newspaper Page Text
Israel’s children
Generation under fire
(EDITOR’S NOTE: NEA
correspondent Hendin
spent the year following
the 1967 Arab Israeli war
as a biology teacher and
counselor at a high school
in Ashkelon, Israel—only
a few miles from constant
guerrilla warfare on the
Gaza Strip.)
❖ $ $
By DAVID HENDIN
NEW YORK - (NEA) -
Tourists and new immi
grants to Israel frequently
ask this tragic question:
“What is the effect of a per
petual state of war on a gen
eration of children?”
The question is not an
swered easily. In this age of
nuclear warpower and gallop
ing technology, any young
ster, in any nation, is liable
to die a violent, early death.
But in the state of Israel,
the situation is more precari
ous. A 25-year-old Israeli, for
example, has lived with war,
or the constant threat of war,
for his entire life. The war
such as a young Israeli
knows is not to be confused
with the war his American
counterpart might be famil
iar with.
War in Israel—surrounded
by enemy states and so
small that a jet bomber can
cross its width in seconds—
means the immediate threat
of losing not only life or
limb, but family, friends,
home and even country.
In his recently published
book, “Border Kibbutz”
(Grosset and Dunlap), Amer
ican journalist Michael Gor
kin discusses the dilemma of
“the children in the shel
ters.”
Gorkin spent a year as a
member of a kibbutz on the
border between Jordan and
Israel. Since about a year
after Israel’s Six Day War,
the kibbutz regularly faced
attack by Arab guerrillas.
Because Gorkin writes
about the intimate relation
ships and day-to-day lives of
the kibbutzniks, he has not
disclosed its real name, or
the names of any of its mem
bers. He has given the
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CHILDREN SLEEP in underground bomb shelters at “Bilat” a real Israeli kibbutz
with a fictitious name. Life on the kibbutz is described by American journalist
Michael Gorkin in the recently published book, “Border Kibbutz.”
border kibbutz the name Bi
lat in his book.
All of Bilat’s children
sleep in bomb shelters. They
are air conditioned, contain
bunk beds, are decorated
with paintings and posters—
but they are underground;
they are bomb shelters.
The shelters, Gorkin said
in a recent interview, offer
the children and their
parents a great deal of secu
rity. At Bilat, he explains,
whenever “it bombs” an
adult goes down to the shel
ters with the children. Most
of the kibbutz adults do not
appear to be overly dis
traught by the bombings,
Gorkin reports. He quotes
one mother of two :
“The point is that we’re not
all running around like a
bunch of chickens with our
heads chopped off. We’re
rather calm about it, as a
matter of fact. Maybe to you
this doesn’t seem possible,
but that’s the way it is.”
But the shelters take a
great while to get used to. At
the beginning some children
insisted on the presence of
their parents all the time,
others got sick so they could
sleep upstairs. But after
awhile they adjusted.
Even with the total accept
ance of the shelters, how
ever, problems occur. Gor
kin quotes Bilat’s psychia
trist:
“The paradox we now face
is that if we ever get to a
point where it will be safe for
(the children) to sleep up
stairs, we are going to have
some problems. Already we
see signs of it. For example,
when families go visiting in
Haifa or Tel Aviv, some of
the children do not want to
sleep in bedrooms. Even
when they are told that there
is no bombing in the cities,
they complain that they want
to go back to the kibbutz and
sleep in the shelters.”
Gorkin says that it is an
irony that the shelters them
selves have become such
symbols of security to the
youngsters. “The psychia
trist told me,” Gorkin says,
“that the shelters, for the
children, are the children’s
‘imaginary return to the
womb, so safe and secure
that not even bombs can
harm them there.’ ”
He recalled a poignant in-
Are there bargains in dis
ability insurance — the poli
cies that keep family income
rolling in when a breadwin
ner is temporarily or perma
nently disabled?
When you can get virtual
ly the same policy from one
company for an annual pre
mium of $l2O, and from an
other for SBO, it’s clear that
shopping around is manda
tory, unless you’re the type
who likes to light cigars with
$5 bills.
Perhaps it’s because dis
ability policies offer such a
variety and combination of
benefits—not always easy to
sort out and evaluate—that
such disparities in cost are
possible. The example above,
from a survey of policy bene
fits and costs made by the
Health Insurance Institute,
was of “a typical individual
policy paying SIOO a week
for up to two years.”
That identifies it as a
short-term policy. It’s less
expensive than long-term
coverage, which will con
tinue to pay benefits to age
65, or for life in some cases,
and the institute’s figures
show that only about one in
seven of the policies now in
effect gives long-term cover
age.
Another major factor in
policy costs is the waiting
period. How long is it, after
you’re disabled, before
checks from the insurance
company begin arriving?
There’s usually a distinc
tion here between disability
due to accident, and that due
to sickness. Most good pol
icies offer—if you’ll pay for
it—first-day coverage after
an accident. Typical waiting
periods, otherwise, are
seven, 14, 30 or 90 days. The
longer you wait—that is, the
more of the disability you ab
sorb yourself—the lower the
cost. Here’s an example of
one good short-term policy.
Annual premium with first
day coverage, $210; with
seven-day wait, $198; with
30-day wait, $140; with 90-
day wait, $96. Benefits con
tinue for two years.
T h e r e’s reportedly one
company offering first-day
coverage on sickness, but
policies generally stipulate
a waiting period of at least
eight days.
Another influence on pol-
cident to illustrate the idea.
“During the winter there are
sometimes heavy rain
storms, and on one night it
was raining and thundering
particularly loud. One wom
an went down to a shelter
where one of the youngest
groups was sleeping, she
found one little boy who had
awakened and was very
frightened. She thought for a
moment what she could tell
him to calm him down, and
then she finally said: ‘Don’t
worry, it’s only some bomb
ing.’ The boy relaxed and
went back to sleep.”
The fear, Gorkin says, is
not that the kids will become
timid or overdependent. It is
the opposite, that they will
become too tough and nar
row minded from the situ
ation.
“Golda Meir once said,”
Gorkin recalls, “that she
might someday be able to
forgive the Arabs for the
damage they have done and
the Israelis they have
killed. But she said that she
would never be able to for
give them if they turned the
Israelis into destroyers and
killers.”
(NEWSPAPER ENTERPRISE ASSN.)
icy costs is occupation—and,
of course, age. The premi
ums in the example above
are for a 35-year-old “AA
risk”—salesmen and workers
in nonhazardous occupations.
The premium would be lower
for triple-A risks — profes
s i o n a 1 s and white-collar
workers. For some occupa
tions — machinists and
miners, for example — the
premium would be higher.
Do you need loss-of-income
insurance—and if so, what
kind? Here’s a do-it-yourself
checklist suggested by the
Health Insurance Institute:
• Inventory your other in
come resources, in case of
disability — workmen’s com
pensation, Social Security,
medical-payment provisions
of liability or life insurance
policies and, in some states,
stat e-sponsored disability
benefits.
• What’s your employer’s
policy on sick leave?
• Are you self-employed,
or operating your own busi
ness? To what extent would
income or earnings be af
fected if you were partially,
or totally, disabled?
Finally, policy provisions
should be examined care
fully. Are benefits paid for
partial disability? How is
total disability defined? Must
you be confined at home to
be eligible for benefits? What
are the provisions for renew
ing the policy? What are the
limitations or exclusions?
These are some of the
things that can make the
difference between a legiti
mate bargain and a policy
that’s low cost . . . and also
low on protection.
(NEWSPAPER ENTERPRISE ASSN.)
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T echno logy
said hope
for oceans
ByCIMASTAR
Copley News Service
NEW YORK - “You must
nevaiirr anthropomorphize zee
animals. Zey are not like us.
Make no mistake. Vee are like
them. Vee must instead
animalize. ...”
Capt. Jacques-Yves
Cousteau paces, back and
forth, back and forth,
crisscrossing the confines of his
small Waldorf-Astoria room in
a continual fluid motion. At 61,
a tall, thin man with graying
hair and a sinuous, hungry look
about his face, he seems,
animalizationally, rather like a
caged cheetah.
One of the world’s great
oceanographers, a passionate
admirer of the animal
kingdom, and an indefatigable
defender of the environment,
Cousteau insists that all of
earth’s creatures, on land or
air or sea, share every emotion
of man.
“I do not say that they have
our emotions, you understand.
I say that we have theirs. Love,
jealousy, fear, anger. All,” he
says, in his emphatic French
accented speech.
“For instance, affection for
one person that never gives
food or any advantage. You will
find this in all animals. In fish.
In birds.
"All of the animals that love
me — my rule is never to give
anything to an animal — I
never feed my dog, my birds,
my pets, and I never feed any
wild animal. And they prefer
me to those that give food.”
Cousteau does not withhold
food from his furred, feathered
and scaled friends out of any
perversity, but rather
scholarliness.
“I want to check whether, as
everybody says, food is the
essential. It is not. You find this
everywhere. In man, too. The
husband feeds the wife, but the
wife prefers the lover. There is
always this type of relation
ship.”
Cousteau, whose “reality”
series, “The Undersea World of
Jacques Cousteau,” has opened
a new season on ABC-TV, has
made the creatures of the sea
his particular specialty for
over 30 years.
Cousteau, born in St. Andre
de-Cubzac, France, on June 11,
1910, became enchanted with
the sea in his mid-twenties,
when he first donned goggles
and gazed into the then nearly
unexplored world. The first
major breakthrough in probing
that mysterious frontier came
with Cousteau’s invention of
the aqualung, an apparatus
which allowed man to
penetrate 300 feet below the
ocean’s surface, unburdened
by cables and hoses.
After World War 11, he began
experimenting with the un
derwater photography which is
the basis of much of today’s
knowledge of the underwater
world.
His now famous vessel, the
Calypso, was christened in 1950
when Cousteau bought an old
American minesweeper and
outfitted it as a floating
laboratory, workshop and
diving platform.
The captain’s purpose in
doing the television specials is
clear. “We try to convey
messages about the
ecosystems, about the im
balance of the ecology.”
He is relatively optimistic,
feeling that American youth
has become highly aware and
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concerned about the ecology,
more so than the youth of other
countries.
“But European youth is
catching up. We are always a
few steps behind. Hie yo-yo
came first to America, you
know.”
According to Cousteau, only
one thing will save our natural
world. Money. “The same that
you spend for your credit
cards.”
Adamant on this point, he
contends that the credit card
has raised the cost of living in
America 6 per cent. “No one
objected to this,” he says. “And
so, you must spend the same
amount to save the ecology.
“To save your world. For the
sake of your children.” He
stops pacing, for a moment,
and glares.
“Technology has the an
swers. The means. The oceans
can be saved. But you, and
every country, will have to
spend the money. And it will
cost you six per cent of your
gross national product. That is
it.”
Often he refers to love when
speaking of animals. Their love
for each other, and sometimes,
their inexplicable love for man.
An example of this is the
dolphin.
“We have two dolphins who
came spontaneously to man,
and do not want to live with
other dolphins anymore. Why?
Because they are in love with
man.”
One of his dolphins, he
smiles, is a “former GI.” This
dolphin, like the captain
himself, was a member of the
Navy, trained for warfare, who
served for six years and then
deserted.
“She deserted, and then
found a home with a lady who
lives in Florida. For two years
now, the lady is her best
friend.”
The other case is that of a
dolphin in Spain, who had never
known man and yet came in
from the open sea and began to
follow the fishermen. Finally,
she found a diving school.
“She mixed up with the
divers and she does not want to
go anywhere else. She refuses
food from them; she goes and
hunts herself, so she is in
dependent, but she comes back
all the time because, ap
parently, she loves these men.”
Both of these dolphins will be
featured in a forthcoming TV
special. There will also be
recordings of dolphin sounds,
or language, as compared with
the strange “whistling
language” of Turkish and
Canary Island peasants.
One of Cousteau’s prime
concerns is for the vanishing
species. The sea cow, subject of
another forthcoming TV
special, is one of these.
“We call them ‘The
Forgotten Mermaids,’ ” he
says. “This is an animal that
has nothing to justify its
existence. According to
modern human standards of
efficiency, of productivity, of
tonnage, the sea cow has
nothing. So it is in danger — if it
does not have a good attorney,
It is sentenced to disappear.”
Attorney Cousteau, hands
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Page 9
> — Griffin Daily News Monday, Dec. 6,1971
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Jacques Cousteau
clasped tightly behind his back,
still pacing, speaks with ten
derness of the sea cow, as he
does of all his animals. When he
speaks of man, however, his
eyes begin to snap and his voice
often hardens with anger.
“The case is urgent, you see.
There are only a couple hun
dred left. After that they are
finished. Why? Because of
man. We have exterminated,
forever eradicated, 1,000
species already. And we are
preparing to eradicate 100,000.
“And then, we will be alone.
That is what is happening.”
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