Newspaper Page Text
Page 16
— Griffin Daily News Thursday, August 31,1972
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NEW YORK—Cardinal Terence Cooke (I), Roman Catholic Primate of New York, waves to
newsmen as he meets with Democratic presidential nominee Sen. George McGovern (r) in New
York. McGovern devoted most of the final day of a two-day New York campaign drive to appeals
to religious groups. He made two appearances at Jewish gatherings in addition to the meeting
with Cardinal Cooke. (UPI)
Pentagon takes aim
at McGovern promise
By FRANK MACOMBER
Military-Aerospace Writer
Copley News Service
The Pentagon has ‘handed
President Nixon what it hopes
is a potent new political weapon
in this election year —a report
on military spending which
challenges chapter and verse of
Sen. George McGovern’s
promise to chop a third off the
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nation's defense budget if he is
elected president.
Traditionally, military
spending has been a political
issue in an election year,
whether the United States is in
a hot war, cold war or none at
all.
The Democratic presidential
nominee raised the issue a few
weeks ago with a pledge to slice
defense appropriations 30 per
cent by 1975.
The 193-page Defense De
partment document, titled
"The Economics of Defense
Spending — A At The Re
alities,” undertakes in lay
man’s language to blow
McGovern's promise out of the
water with a mixture of wry
humor, what it calls cold facts
and figures.
It is an unusual document,
even in an election year. Miss
ing is the formal often stiff lan
guage of most government re
ports, especially those dealing
with the nation’s security.
The report, for example,
challenges McGovern and
other Pentagon critics who
blame military spending for
most of the government’s fi
nancial troubles with this mod
ern parable:
"Those who persist in seek
ing the answer to our public
spending problems in the de
fense budget are like the man
who was crawling about on his
hands and knees one night on a
sidewalk under a street light.
"A policeman stopped to in
quire, and the man explained
that he had lost his keys and
was looking for them.
"The policeman joined the
search, but observed after a
time that the keys were cer
tainly not there.
" Are you sure you lost them
here?' he asked.
"‘No,’ said the man, ‘I didn’t
lose them here. I lost them over
there in the bushes. But I'd
rather look here, because the
light is better.’”
Eor those who warn that the
United States is spending too
much money on defense and
not enough on the poor and dis
advantaged, the report bor
rows this thought attributed to
British Air Chief Marshal John
Slessor:
"It is customary in demo
cratic countries to deplore ex
penditures on armament as
conflicting with the require
ments of the social services.
"There is a tendency to for
get that the most important so
cial service that a government
can do for its people is to keep
them alive and free.”
The report concedes that
present congressional methods
of handling government appro
priations are too short-range
and must be overhauled to give
the nation a longer view of how
its money is to be spent.
"These (congressional) pro
cesses," it points out, "are now
limited in time to one year, and
are also limited in scope.
Means will have to be found to
consider systematically more
nearly the totality of the public
spending picture over a span of
several years.”
The report cautions that “we
cannot draw a circle around
national defense and maintain
that nothing inside the circle
contributes to the quality of
American life.
“We mentioned earlier that
America has spent over a tril
lion dollars on defense in the
last quarter century. What we
have bought with that money
cannot be measured in exclu
sively military terms.
"Consider, for example, the
conditions in Europe in the late
19405. With their economies
badly damaged by the war and
facing strong military and po
litical pressure, the nations of
Western Europe could not re
build until they were assured
that there would be a
tomorrow.
Aerospace employes gowhere work is
By FRANK MACOMBER
Military-Aerospace Writer
Copley News Service
Why do thousands of the na
tion’s aerospace workers move
from plant to plant, job to job,
like itinerant fruit pickers,
instead of working in a less pre
carious field?
Because it’s the only game
there is, most aerospace em
ployes say.
“I’ve worked in three air
craft and missile plants,” re
calls George Fischer, a South
ern California aerospace tech
nician with a wife and two chil
dren. “You go where the work
is, and that’s where the big con
tracts are. You never really get
used to moving around, but the
type of technical work I do is
suited only for aerospace
plants.”
Fischer’s story is the same as
that of thousands — engineers,
technicians, even scientists,
and of course a host of blue-col
lar industrial workers.
The itinerant aerospace
worker is not a latecomer. He
has been around for some
years, ever since Congress be
gan to pull in its horns and stop
voting huge outlays for manned
space programs. But his inse
cure position has been drama
tized again, ironically, by the
space agency’s award of a
prime $2.6 billion contract to
North American Rockwell for
the manned space shuttle pro
gram.
That contract, you say,
should put the aerospace indus
try back on its feet. But it isn’t
that simple. As North Amer
ican Rockwell won, three other
aerospace industrial giants lost
— and so did thousands of their
employes.
The losers were the Grum
man Aerospace Corp., the
McDonnell Douglas Corp, and
the lx>ckheed Aircraft Corp.
Grumman has begun to lay off
about 300 engineers and techni
cians who were working on the
company’s shuttle proposal.
Ixiss of the shuttle contract
will force McDonnell Douglas
to lay off some 12,000 workers
by the end of 1973. Only Lock
heed will escape, because its
engineers and technicians for
the shuttle proposal were “bor
rowed” from other divisions
within the company and will re-
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turn to them.
Grumman’s cutback may
reach 1,500. It dismissed 2,000
last year, mostly because of its
declining lunar lander work as
the Apollo program began to
phase out.
The prospect of 60,000 new
shuttle jobs is hopeful, of
course, but remember more
than 250,000 aerospace workers
have lost their jobs in the last
three and a half years.
George Fischer is not with
any of the losers this time, but
he is not employed by North
American Rockwell either,
though he once was.
“Plenty of my old colleagues
are happy now that North
American has won out,”
Fischer says. “If it had lost, a
lot of them knew they would be
getting the ax."
When things began to get
sticky in the aerospace indus-
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penguin couldn't swallow the whole thig. but the arm
of a mannequin is still sticking out in «argo, Fla.
try, most companies tud to
diversification. They bet to
design and build all st of
earthly products to keeheir
employes busy. But nt of
these projects requiredily a
few workers, and layoflvere
inevitable.
Then in many aerosff-ori
ented cities, unemploy engi
neers and technician* often
supported by the comrfiities,
tried to organize sma (roups
whose expertise couldelp to
solve such urban protns as
air and water pollifi and
traffic congestion. •
In a few cases it w<£d, but
not often enough.
One factor which civs sep
arated employes badto their
original plants is theenerous
fringe benefits most'rospace
firms offer. And t laid-off
employe, if he is redd, is en
titled retroactively many of
the benefits he enjod before
job separation the first time -
insurance, medical care, pen
sions, etc.
Aerospace management is
trying to head off the harsh fi
nancial blows to employes as
they are discharged for want of
work.
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Many firms have established
night schools at which em
ployes can take a variety of
courses, either to prepare
themselves for other jobs in the
company or for posts outside
the aerospace industry.