Newspaper Page Text
Verbal
IQ is
raised
By DUSTON HARVEY
BERKELEY, Calif. (UPI)-A
Berkeley psychologist, working
with a 30-year-old former
football player trying to get
into law school, says he’s shown
that verbal intelligence can be
raised significantly.
“This shoots down the
hypothesis that scores on
aptitude tests reflect fixed
limitations on intelligence,”
contends Dr. Arthur E. Whim
bey.
Whimbey, 31, on leave from
California State College at
Hayward, spent the past year
studying reasoning and memory
span at the University of
California’s Institute of Human
Learning. He said his findings
are based on in-depth work with
a single subject.
During a period of five
months, he said, he raised the
man’s scores on two academic
aptitude tests by 78 and 110
points—from the bottom 10 per
cent to slightly below average—
by re-teaching him how to read.
Key Measurement
The results on the Law School
Admissions Test (LSAT) and
Graduate Record Exam (GRE)
verbal section indicate that
reading comprehension—a form
of complex reasoning which
looms large in standard intel
ligence and abilities tests—can
be taught, the psychologist said.
“Reading comprehension has
been considered untrainable
and limited by fixed intel
ligence,” Whimbey said in an
interview. “The ability to
abstract and organize material
has been a key measurement of
academic aptitude.”
Whimbey, who received his
doctorate from Purdue, said he
spent five years studying the
relationship between brain at
tributes, such as memory span,
and reasoning ability. He found
no correlations except among
the brain-damaged mentally
retarded.
“Last year I tried to find out
what kind of errors people
make in complex reasoning,”
he said. “This is one of the
areas in which there has been
no basic research.
Scores Increased
“When ‘Bob,’ who was a
former student of mine at
Hayward, came to me for help,
I was ready for an intensive
study of one person—which I
think is more valuable right
now than another computerized
study based on one-hour inter
views with 2,000 sophomores.”
He decided to work on
reading comprehension because
well-established tests for mea
suring it are available and
because it is generally consi
dered to reflect general intel
ligence.
The subject’s scores on LSAT
and GRE verbal before he
began working with the psycho
logist were 385 and 380
respectively. After study with
Whimbey, Bob’s scores reached
463 and 490 respectively—near
the 500 mean for those taking
the exams—increases the psy
chologist said couldn’t happen
“one time in a million by
chance.”
The psychologist said the
subject, who holds a teaching
certificate, improved his scores
after Whimbey found that when
they both read articles togeth
er, the student always finished
first but understood little of
what he’d read.
Changed Reading Habit
“He wasn’t reading; he was
damming. He didn’t know how
to read appropriately. When he
found information, he got it out
of context because he hadn’t
read the whole thing. Because
he didn’t read carefully he
often misinterpreted actual
facts,” Whimbey said.
So the psychologist had the
student read with him—phrase
by phrase, then sentence by
sentence, and finally paragraph
by paragraph—and discuss both
meaning and structure.
Whimbey said the increased
scores on the two tests are
equivalent to a verbal IQ
increase of at least 15 points—
but that Bob has returned to
graduate school this fall to
determine if the boost carries
over to his academic work.
He said their goal is to push
the student’s scores on the two
tests into the 600 range—well
above average and high enough
for law school admission.
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On Aug. 2, 1934, German
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Page 9
Griffin Daily News Thursday, October 26, 1972