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Current study shows that men
waste more time than women
By JOHN CUNNIFF
AP Business Analyst
NEW YORK (AP) — The av
erage employed man spends a
lot more time each day at non
work activities, such as coffee
breaks and relaxing, than does
the typical working woman, an
ongoing study at the University
of Michigan shows.
Analysis of the data, which
began in 1974 and which will be
continued to encompass other
ways in which men and women
use their time, is adding pow
erful documentation to the as
sertion that despite equal rights
legislation, it’s still a man’s
world.
A separate study, based on
some of the data uncovered by
Michigan’s Survey Research
Center, shows also that work
inequality extends into the
home where, said a researcher,
“The men really don’t help
much.”
To date the study has found
that the typical employed man
spends 52 minutes or 11 per cent
of each paid working day at
nonwork activities, while the
average woman spends just 35
minutes, or 8 per cent, away
from assigned tasks.
The minutes and pecentages
exclude the lunch hour, but do
include extensions of it beyond
the allotted time, as well as
coffee breaks and other forms
of relaxation, including conver
sation.
The same researchers have
less solid evidence indicating
that the energy and effort ex
pended during the work day is
greater for women than for
men.
The glaring differences, said
Greg Duncan, study director,
appears to be rooted in the kinds
of jobs commonly assigned to
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men and women. “Women are
more closely supervised and
unable to take the breaks men
do,” he said.
Despite the more relaxed
working day for men, the study
found they make about $7 an
hour, in contrast to the working
woman’s $4.34. And when rates
are adjusted for break time,
Duncan said, the figures be
come $8.48 and $4.86, respec
tively.
Adding to the disparity in the
work day, the researchers
found through a more subjec
tive and less validated portion
of the study that women expend
112 per cent more effort than
men during the time each is
working.
The studies have great poten
tial for explaining what has of
ten been referred to as the lag
ging rate of productivity in
crease in the United States. As
Duncan said, the 40-hour week
does not mean people are work
ing 40 hours.
Perhaps of even greater im
portance is the use made by
women of the unfolding story of
inequality. While it is not a sub
ject on which the professors ex
press learned opinions, it is
bound to find its way into labor
negotiations — and even into the
marriage contract.
John P. Robinson, one of the
researchers and author of the
recently published book,. “How
America Uses Time,” has found
that women continue to perform
most household chores, even
when they become fulltime
“market” workers.
“The man does very little
even when the woman goes to
work,” said Robinson, who is
also director of commu
nications research at Cleveland
State University. “Women do 80
per cent of housework and
childcare,” he said.
Women whose main occupa
tion is within the home usually
are occupied by household
chores about 50 hours a week,
and even when they take on a
full-time commercial job they
put in another 25 hours at home.
“Under those conditions the
wife’s time is greatly con
strained,” he said. “She really
gets squeezed,” and he added,
“The men really don’t help
much.” The man does nine
hours of housework if his wife is
not employed outside, but adds
only one hour a week to that
schedule when she leaves the
house to work.
“No other activity has the sex
differential there is in
housework and childcare,”
Robinson asserted. Men seldom
do the laundry, clean up after
meals or make the bed, he said.
And they assume only 20 per
cent of childcare.
A further breakdown of child
care chores continues to reveal
the same distinctions, or in
justices if it is chosen to view
them as such. That 20 per cent is
made up of play-education,
whereas woman do the feeding
and dressing.
Selling
NEW YORK, Aug. 16-Jack
Ford, the outdoors-loving son of
former President Gerald Ford,
gestures during an interview in
New York where he was
promoting a new magazine
“Outside”, where he is an
assistant to the publisher. Ford
wants to talk about the
magazine but find most in
terviewers want to talk about
his father. (AP)
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Clowning around
ORAHA, Neb.—Willie Rose, 3, was one of many Childrens Memorial Hospital patients
treated to private performances by a clown called Dusty, a six-year veteran of the Ringling
Bros. Barnum & Bailey Circus. Dusty said he visits hospitals whenever anybody asks him.
(AP)
Local BPW reviews support for ERA
The Spalding County BPW
Club held its regular meeting at
the Holiday Inn.
During the business session,
President Audrey Bates an
nounced that Frances Folds had
been appointed to serve as
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She has four years to get ready for college.
So do you.
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And college seems far away. But it’s not. It’s
coming, and it’s going to be expensive.
Start getting ready for it now with a cer
tificate of deposit savings plan at Commercial '
Bank. It can help ease the financial pain of
sending her away to school.
A certificate of deposit allows you to earn
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See your friends at Commercial Bank about
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COMMERCIAL BANK
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Chartered in 1889 Member FDIC
Downtown/Mclntosh Road/Spalding Square
corresponding secretary.
The state legislative platform
was reviewed by Mrs. Gene
Butler, president of the Griffin
BPW, for the members.
The main item on the plat
form is to support the equal
Page 23
rights amendment. Other items
were emphasized such as the
displaced homemaker, will
making, and women voting.
President Butler stated that
visibility and involvement were
the 2 factors needed for women
to reach their plateau.
i — Griffin Daily News Thursday, August 18, 1977
Inscriptions hint
early exploration
ATLANTA (AP) - A Har
vard professor says Europeans
may have started visiting the i
Western Hemisphere as early ,
as 1,000 8.C., and probably con- (
tinued until the fall of Rome.
But one archeologist, Roy
Dickens of Georgia State Uni
versity, said he’s heard the sto
ry before.
Dr. Barry Fell, professor
emeritus at Harvard, said his
controversial conclusion stems
from the discovery of in
scriptions on stones found on a
Forsyth County chicken farm.
He said the inscriptions show
that Georgia’s Cherokee In
dians are descendants of an
cient European residents, who
came to the continent in about 500 I
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B. C. from an area now Spain.
The currently accepted theo
ry states that the Indians are
Asiatic tribes who came to the
continent over an ice bridge in
Alaska.
Fell, who has seen photo
graphs of the stones from Eu
gene Croy’s farm near Duck
town, Ga., wrote the farmer:
“These stones...come from a
burial area used apparently by
a mixed Iberian colony—Bas
que, Iberic and Tartissian set
tlers.”
Tartissians settled in the Sev
ille area of Spain, Iberians were
ancient residents of Spain and
Portugal and the Basques come
from around the border be
tween France and Spain.