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BYO.ftW. ROBERTSON, ruM-iantn. or the law. or tiie union. DAII.V FAI'KH, !!!!!!! EIGHT HOI.I.AK8. COUNT AY PAVER, i * * J t : FIVF, DOLLARS. From Hit IFuMngtm City Oiucttc, Ang. 5. COMMODORE PORTER’S TRIAL. Aliy cnminumctttioB proceeding from tho in given to the public, by which it .will bo officer next in command, in thin military de- , _ » „ , 1 iiartmrnt will be rccoivod and attonded to. After adjourning tor two successive days . 1 (Signed) G. M. TROUP. it limit rlninia nnu Imoi tiaiuia Mr Inti na tliiul ««'. '1. ' Bt n N-B mem TUESDAY MORNING. AUGUST 16. Election in Bevtember.—Tiie follow ing gentlemen who have been announced, have declined being considered candidates for the City Council: Moses Sheftall, Anthony Pohtkr, James Roberts. J. C. Habersham, P. P. Thomasbon, George A Ash, Frederick Densler, W. B. Bulloch, T. U. P. Charl ton. Several documents of high importance will bo found in our columns this day, ex tracted from the Milledgevillo papers. A- mong these is a note from the Special 'Agent, Major Andrew's, reinstating Col. Crowell in his olftce of Agent of Indian Ai- fairs. This was to be expected as a matter of course,after the predetermination expres sed in his favor by Major A. in the letter containing his temporary suspension. Major Andrew's passed through Clieraw, S. C. on the 5th inst. on his way to Washington. A letter from Governor Troup will also be found among the documents published, suspending intercourse on the part of this state with General Gaines, and a copy of a fetter from the Secretary at War.atWasb- ngton, containing the final inetrutions ofthe general government to General Gaines, in the event ofthe survey ol the Creek Lands by the Authorities of jho State. The National Intollignnccr and Journal contain the first portion of tho defence of Commodore Porter before the Court Martial now sitting. It fills five and a half closely printed columns in those papers, &i will pro bably extend to ss many more. The length fit importance ofthe public documents relat ing to our state affairs preclude the possibili ty of itBpublication entire. We have, there fore copied a condensed view of it from the Washington Gazette. Governor Troup has been appointed a trustee of the University of Georgia, in the »o om of John A. Cuthbert, Esq, whose seat is vacated by a rule of the Board. Dr. Waddell remains President ofthe Institu tion i Professor Olds has resigned the chair of Natural Plilwplij,. Hr* Henry Jackson has been appointed to supply the vacancy. The Annual commencement took place on the 3d inst. The Georgia Journal jQntcs, that public expectation was more than fulfilled. The British frigate Phmton, capt. Stuart, having on board tho right honorable Ch arles B- Vaugn, minister to this country from Grear Britain, sailed on the 11th ultimo, and may be daily expected. She will land hfr. Vaughan at Ana|iolis. Captain Leftwitcb of Russelville, Ken tucky, in behalf of an association formed lor that purpose, has obtained from the go- gernment of Mexico, a grant of land be tween G ami G millions of ucrcs, in the pro vince of Texas ; it consists of land ceded a- way by the U. States in exchange for the Floridas, and lies along the borders of Lou isiana. One of the conditions of the grant is, that a certain number of settlers shall be obtained, with an exemption from taxation for five ye&rB, The editor of tho Alexandria Phcenix ssys, that of thirty-three captuins in tha U. States Navy, twenty-two are now in the City ofWashington. Part of these it is said, are under arrest; part arc giving tes timony against the accused, and the remain der are occupied in trying the validity of tho charges ! In Charleston, on Wednesday last, the Thermometer at 10 o’clock, reached 04 and 8i degrees. Cuba.—We observe by the N.Oilcnns pa pers, that intelligence has been recently re ceived in that city,concerning tho statement we some time ago published, respecting the treaty between Spain and France, by which Cuba and Porto Rico were to be occupied by the latter. It would seem, according to some accounts, that this business is to be managed in such a way bb not to give um brage to Great Britaiuftlie United States, or the South American Republics j for al though Vives is to be superceded, and a successor appointed entirely under French influence, the Spanish flag is still to wave on the castle, and the business ot the cus tom house is to be conducted as if no alte ration had taken place. It is supposed that the concentration of* largo French fleet, which was lately off St. Domingo, has some reference to this arrangement.—.£ Past. The U- S. steam galliot Sea ,Gull, Lt. M’Koever, from Key West,via Norfolk, ar- tvvod at Philadelphia on the- 4tli inst. without doing any business, Mr. Jones, this I day entered on the defence ’hr the accused. We separate, for the present notico from our more dotaiind notes of Captain Por ter’s defence, a few ofthe points which wero touched upon to-day. It was contended that tiio charge which related to Foxardo Mnj. Gen. E. P. Gaines, Commanding. Sin Department or War, Juty 81, 1025 Your letter letter of tho 25th of June 025 | commenced gravely with nn allegation of addressed to Major. Vandoyontor, has.been misconduct, in invading the territory of a received,*io answer of which has been m- foreign government, and then without refe- tontionully delayod till the resu t ot Goner- ronce cither to the defined laws or any in- al Gaines’interview with the Indians at Brrt- structinus on the Bubjoct, broadly concludes be’t Arrow, should he received, os the 1 ro- the transgressions to have been against tho sidont had anxiously hoped hi the acquios- prineiplea of the Constitution : so that, to cence of tho Indians to the treaty, to hove seek tor a construction of tho dutios which found the necessity ol replying to your on- it was incumbent on that officer to perform, quiries, entirely obviated. But as tho com- & to find out whether, in thoir execution.he tnunications trom Gen. Gaines recently re acted bo os to bo brought within tho com- jeeived have entirely destroyed that hope, a prehension of that cliurgo, it was first ne- rt ply has become necessary. The Indians cessary to embark into a complete analysis of that constitution, in which, directly or in- fcrciitially. such an implication might be perceived my suspension is withdrawn and my innocence established. This opinion of iny innocenco is subject to revisal by the supremo Executive Authority ofthe Union: before that ulterior decision, it would be ob- ploved to accompany viiiiihIv itnnrnnpp in miKlioli m., .1. • :_ .'i.I n_ i. m.iU.i and children expressed, there was no time for such conversation, before he was literal ly shot to pieces by the allies of thoir Majes ties George tiie 3u and 4th, In the month of May, 1022, I was em- iimcnts. which have already been Bor „j Mr. Lee Compere in- before the public, but which, perhaps only reqnfte to he known eut of the In hrtnnr onnuir.linn ...... _ "*’■ to bring conviction to every unpreiui iemt mind, that there is cause for this teulitm Our materiula^are derived from official found. That it was rather incumbent on the prosecution to prove the existence of such orders os specified certain prohibitions and designated certain rules of action that hud been violated, than for the accused to defend himself against Allegations founded upon constructive duties. The Counsel, however, went into an elaborate and beauti ful illustration of thoso principles which, even by the law of nations ^usttied his con duct, and gratuitously defended points of accusation which, though vaguely described were not only such as Grotios and all other writers upon National Law ]iad made even permissive,bat which inculcated their petbr* mancens social obligations, and came down to our laws and the civil rules of conduct, applicable to such cases, as understood by the various eminent statesman who had treated ofthe subject, to satisfy conclusively tnat not only no orders have been violated, but that the most responsible career had been conducted with just prudence. The pirates were considered by all nations flostis humani generis. and that wherever they were lobe found they were to be punished either in their character of enemy to the human race, when seeking refuge in the territory of a neutral, or, if aided by those neutrals as co-belligerents. against the laws of nations, that as between the rest Of*the world and those buccaneers no na tion could he at peace, and that whether pursuing them under the latitude of that commission, which all moral law gives, or under the sanction of any municipal decree the saino conduct was to he pu.Bued, and the same punishment inflicted. Tnat in i he universality ofsubterfuge,device,stratugeni. and pursuit, which accompanied the con duct and arrangement of pirates, n«» certain guide could be givmi, by which the conduct of an officer, seeking their extinction, could be regulated; that much was left to the discretion, the vigilance, and understanding ol the officer in whose hands were placed these undefined powers, whose exercise were to be justified and regulated by pecu liar circumstances.—That, independent of this, the time and course of his conduct was regulated by those very instructions, which had been brought in array agaiust him, that these instructions contained not only the de finition of piracy in accordance with all the writers on the snbject, but explained in the fullest terms the effective means which Were to be used for its euppreaeion ; nod connected with those, were the various pre cedents of other officers, who had not only invaded the shores of a foreign power, to seek, disarm, and destroy pirates, but where it might be said, whole provinces had b*'en attacked, and had capitulated, tho parties themselves not being actors, but mere abet tors ofthe violators of human right*—That pirates having been the object of his voyage and the arms of the Republic placed in his hands tor tiie pursuit ho could not have re mained a spue tutor to violations upon our citizens and property without using those arms. , 't hat his arts th^re were not like thus* ofGerteral Jackson, against which (however worthy,) the Spanish nation w re com plaining on the one han't, and the citizens of our own on the other hut that the l »c:*l au thorities of.Foitrdo hid. by Mibsf q iently us- ngtlae most friendly and co’Tte' u ; . c.'»n u •» endeavoved t.n wipe * ft »he stigma which tneir vinlencv and illegality was about imposing nn their names* Tha ho re was no e.y for inves [ig.tion—no complaint bv »ny i ffrer mitnos ing the protc ding* -‘>ut tli it approbation had spontaneously been given n*»t only by those who we e in service at the time, hut bv lh..s« against whom his outage was pretender* — Tnat where the conduct < f Jtckson, who hi d done so much good for the republic, had no on'y been excused, but appended he entt'd not be reprehensible w ill the name powers, in (h*? less execution of them. That the Pre sident of the United States, in his me .sage to Congress in 1817, speaks the very language of h i conduct $ for there, where expedition* hsd been set on foot against East Florid* bj individuals doming to act under authority from some of the colonies, wh?-e the adven tures hau been piojecled and commenced with inadcq istc force, und “ reliance had been plac'd” on what might be drawn in de fiance ol our laws from with'n our own limits j he complains that the islands might be made achanuelfor the illicit introduction of siave* from Africa, into the U Stares, an i a p*>rt o- smuggling of every ki: d : and, that a j ist re gardfor the rights ofthe U. States inquirer that they should be suppressed, he inform 1 Congress that orders had accordingly bet issued 10 that effect ard that tne imperious considerations which produced the me.su -e would be explained to the parties whom it con cerned. The defence continued to illustrate; by various and recent precedents, the justification ** his conduct, and the imperious necessity vhich called for those acts—and, the Counse not being able t conclude the de-eame m.daj the Court adjourned until to morrow, at tei. o'clock. OFFICIAL PAPERS. Executivk Department, Geo. ) . Mlledgeville, Glh Aug. 1825. \ Sin—A letter purporlingto be yours, which appeared in the last Georgia Journal, and having every characteristic of an official one, could not fail to attract my attention. Immediately therefore on my return to this place, euquiry was made at the Department lor the originnal, and I learned with surprize that none such had been received. The proper means wero then resorted to, to as certain tho authenticity of tho published letter, and having boen satisfied that tho same was in your proper hand writing,. I have lost no time to direct you to forbear further intercourse with this government. totfie number of 1800 including a large nia-1 misslonere, since I fool confident, that such jority of their Chiefs and head men of the j publications will be ascribed te their lcgitt- tribe, have denounced tho treaty, ne tainted mate causes; and since I have too much alike with intrigue and treachery, and as confidence in the justice of my countrymen, ■ the act of a very small portion of the tribe against tho express determination of a very large majority, a determination known to the commissioners. They urge that to enforce a compliance with an instrument thus obtain ed would illy bewme either the justico or the magnanimity ofthe United Stales under which they claim to take shelter. These are allegstiondpresenting a question beyond the cognizance ot the Executive, and ne cessarily refers itselfto Congress, whoso at tention will be called to it on an early day after the next annual meeting. Mnunwliilc i lie President acting on the treaty as though its validity had not been impeached, finds by reterreiicetothe eighth article of the treaty the fuitli of tho United States solemnly pled ged to protect the Creek Indians from any encroachment till their removal in Septem ber 1826. He therefore decides that the entering upon nnd surveying their lands be fore that period, would bean infraction of the trenty. whose interpretation and execu tion, should it remain uneancclled, are alike confided to him. I am, therefore directed by the President to state distinctly to j’our Excellency, that for the present he will not permit such entry or survey to be mude. Tho pain the president has felt in coming to this decision is diminished by the recollec t on that it imeric e wi h no doty imposed on your excellency by tiie laws of Georgia, us a discretion is given you by thu laic law uf the Legislature ill prescribing the time when i he lands embraced bv the treaty shall be surveyed. Under all the circumstances the President permits himself to hope that you will acquiesce in his decision. As Gen. Gaines has been in communication with you on this subject, nnd as it is the wish ofthe president you shuld be in possession of every measure he may find himself constrained to take thereon, I am directed lu enclose to your Excellency n copy of General Gaines’ ns're' nB of this date. I have tile honor to lie, yonrob’t. serv’t (Signed) JAMES BARBOUR. His Excellency G. M. Troup. Governor of Georgia. I certify the foregoing to be a correct co py from the recurd ofthis office. C. VANDGVENTER. War Department. July 53, 1825. yiously improper to publish my defence, or: to the Creek Nation, to aid and assist him, condensed form, may be read and rcHect i I summary of tho .evidence upon which it in establishing a Missionary School among upon hy those who appear to have f ortu , is founded ; but aftor it is officially annotate- 1 the natives'of that nation, the direction of ten them, or whose interest it istolei. od, that impropriety will no longer exist; which wss to bo under that reverend gen-’ - 1 -— ™ then I hope to ho able to do so, whereby I! tleman Lee Compero, a subject ol’his Royal trust I shall succcod in removing every j Majesty George the 4tl, (though 1 did not doubt from the minds of the mont sceptical, | knuw that until I set out to accompany him.) and silence every scruple of the most cusuis-1 On our way to, and in the nation, he ob' ticul portion of the community. The pub- " * " - ■•• • lie will then be ablfe to form a just judgment between my accuser and myself. Until that period arrives, he can continue the course he hns pursued throughout the in vestigation, in publishing whnt ho pleases, whether in the shape of evidence collected frpnrte. or in the shape of reports of Com te apprehend their effects, when tho motives which influence my accuser to such a course are so obviously plain that “lie who runs may read” them. JOHN CROWELL. August 2d, 1825. MiLt.Enr.Evii.LE, August t, 1825. Sin—I acknowledge the receipt of your defence, nccoropunie.l by thu testimony col lected to rebut the charges preferred against you hy his Excellency Governor Troup, os well as tho testimony taken agaiust you by a Committee ofthe Legislature of Georgia, and that interspersed throughout the volume of documents furnished me by the Governor of Georgia. Aftor a diligent examination of all the testimony taken on both sides during the investigation and coming before me. 1 feel it incumbent on me to say, that I consider you, in reference to the churges made against you, not only an innocent, but a much injured man. This result is the more honorable to you,-as you have only had it in yuur power to avail yourself of voluntary testimony. I shall make this report to tho Secretary of War, to whom you will look for the da emon of the President, which will confirm nr reverse this opinion. In the mean time you will consider your suspension as with drawn. With respect, sir. your ob’l. serv’t. T P. ANDREWS, Special Agent. To Col. John Crowell, Indiun Agent, fltc. &c. REV. LEE COMPERE. FBUM THE COLUMBIAN STAn. Furl Mitchell, July, 1825. Dear Brother, I avuil myself of on opportunity to write to you from this place, lust some un fair representations should be made of mu, for the parti have taken in the reesnt oc currences. In a time of such excitement mid confusion, we have not been suffered, for reasons that will shortly be made plain to occupy, in every respect, a neutral ground. When the attempts were making, to treat with the Indians, we considered it n» out duty to interfere as little as possible ; and that there should be no plausible pretext against us, I thought it best to remain at home, and not attend either of tho councils. But of late, we have thought it our duty to adopt rather a different course. The obvious corruption attending the treaty—together with the influence it was making on the minds of these poor oppres sed peoplp—ns well ns involving in it the honor ofthe United States—induced mo, at a very early period aftor its ratification, to make a statement of the matter. This statement will soon be seen to be correct, oxcept in one instance, where there is a circumstantial error. It was with great reluctance I loft home at the present time, to attendthis mooting; (COPY) Department oe War, 1 July 21 At, 1825. ( Stn—Yours ofthe 5th inst has been duly received with tiie accompanying documents. I am directed by the President to express his regret at the failure of your eflbrts to ro- concile the Creeks to an acquiesccnco in the treaty made at the Indian Springs, as it was his sincere desire to havo seen it curried into effect. But tho do erminod opposition of the Indians to the Treaty itself, on the nlledged grounds of intrigue ami treachery, on the part of tiie portion of tiro tribe nego tiating the treaty, ns well as the smallness of their numbers, from which they argue its invalidity, and tlicir solemn appeal to the J and nothing but ivliat I considered ns justice and magnanimity of tlm United j absolute cull in Providence, could have in states, create such an obligation that ivc I dut-ed me. IwascalloduponbyCol.Croiv- sliould, at least pause before we proceed, or i el, to attend tho meeting—and by Major permit others to do so, until these ullegn-| Andrews I liuve been required to make a lions can bn thoroughly investigated and • statement in relation to the Agent, lor the their effect derided by the proper au-! information of the government, thority ; the more especially, as tho eighth I I am happy to state that, after a full ex article ofthe treaty gives till September of animation, we have come to such nn undes- tho next year, befurc the treaty is to be car- standing, as induces me to believe that we tied into effect, and guarantees them from shall, in future, have no cause of complaint, encroachment till that time. It is in tiiis For the satisfaction of our brethren, 1 must posture of affairs Gov. Troup insists that ho beg that you will mnke an inquiry of Major will survey the land. A collision by overt Andrews, on his return to Washington. I acts between the Executive of the Union, am happy to slate, that he has acted a gen- aml that ol a state is so against Ihe theory ' crons, a kind, and a friendly part. He will ofthe Constatiou, and so repugnant to the feel a pleasnro in giving such a statement, feelings ofthe President, that lie would de- j as, I am persuaded, will satisfy all parties— termine only under a solemn sense of duty ; that I have done no more than my obliga to do an act by which so serious a result lions to the general government, and to the would be produced. | cause of humanity required. As I wish to If Gov. Troup should however persevere j live in the affection and confidence of my in his declared purpose of surveying the land brethren—which to me is next to living in against the repeated remoiistrunces of this the approbation ol'u merciful God—I must Department, it will present one ofthe most I again heg, for my satisfaction, that you will unfortunate events which have yet occurred ; wait on that gentleman, in our history. Its possible occurrence hns j When I left home, our family, excepting induced the president to weigh with the de- i two of inv little children, wero well as usual- liberate circumspection made necessary, as Our Indian children have been absent for well by its serious consequences as its high some time, but have mostly returned ; and responsibility- His decision thereon has our prospects, ill the midst of all our diffi- been made and transmitted to Gov. Troup culties, seem to brighten I havo all along in a letter ofthis date, a copy of which 1 in- j been very careful ngninst awakening an exc close fur your information, and by wliicli : pcctation that might not, aftor all be reali- you will learn the lino of conduct which the ; zed; but recent circumstances constrain me President has prescribed to himself. to say—I am obliged to hope that the Lord It is stil devoutly to bo ho|ied that Gover-1 is with us. Clouds have gathered thick a- or Troup will abstain from any act that may ! round us, and storms have almost besd rea- make it necessary to have recourso to the i dy to break over our heads—but I b-'lieve stops suggested : yet shuuld lie persevere in that they will eventually empty themselves sending persons tosurvey the Innds einbra- ’ — cod within the Treaty, yon are hereby au thorized to emply the military to provent their entrance nn thn Indian Torrinr their entrance on the Indian Territory, or if they should succeed in entering the coun try, to cause them to be arrested, and turn them over to the judicial authority, to be dealt with as the law directs. I have only to add that I have transmitted to Gov. Troup a copy of this communication. 1 have the honor, &c. (Signed) JAMES BARBOUR. To Mai. Gen. E. P. Gaines. I certify the foregoing to bo a correct co py from the record ofthis office. C. VANDEVENTER ChiefCIork. War Department, July 23, 1823. in mercy on our institution. Yours, in the best of bunds, L. COMPERE. TO THE PUBLIC. It will be recollected that at the com mencement of the investigation against me of the charges preferred by his Excellency Go”. Troup, I assured my friends and the uui ruu|i| i BSnUrGU iny incnus nnd me Having thought proper to make represen- public, that it would result in the establish- tations ot your conduct to the President, I j ment of my entire innocence. The oxtm- ordered you to be furnished with a inatioo has now closed, and the opinion of ...j^.i Pyorylo^r written on your subject, the Special Agent, Muj. Andrews, contain- aud which, will reach you in due time. od in his letter to me of the 1st Aug. inst. / . FOR THE JOURNAL Mcnrt. Camack if Rangland.—Rending a copy of a letter to the editor ofthe South ern Intelligencer, dated Withington Sta tion, May 10th, 1825, and signed L. Com pere, who professes to be a dispenser of peace, and an instructor in and of truth, ap pears to havo been misinformed (unless ne was present in Iudian' habiliments and his eyes deceived him) with regard to the con duct of Gen. Win. M’Intosh, ofthe Creek Nation, whan the incendiaries and murder ers who assassinated him made the attack on him and his buildings. It can be well authenticated by a respec table citizen of Fayette county, and a mem ber ofthe Baptist Church, who was pre served that a mojurity of the British gov ernment was friendly disposed towards the United Slates of America ; that the Bri tish never impressed any of our seamen blit such trifling fellows as enlisted them selves under the British government to servo it; that General Andrew Jackson was a blood-thirsty tyrant, a cruel murder er, and to ought have been hung for having Arliurthnot and Ambrister executed; that they were poor innocent men, endeavoring to make an honest support by trading with the natives; that he, the said Compere, had read all the documents submitted by Gen. Andrew Jackson tothcgcneral government; that half ofthum were lies, he knew ; that the United Stales had cheated the poorig iiornnt Indians out of a fine country for a song; and, that he did not think they would get any more land from the Indians soon. Such observations as the above made me determine, if possible to prevent the said Compere from going into the nation as Mis sionary ; but mangreal! my opposition, the far-fetched Englishman mimt go. Alter Mr. Compere and myself returned from the nation, lie attended a meeting at Mount Gilead Meeting-House, Putnam county—Ho observed to the Pastor and two Doacons of the Church, that ho was surprised at the people ofthe United States running boundary lines for states through the Indian’s country where they had no right—It was no country of theirs; 'he had no business to make boundnry lines m the nation. The next day, lie observed to the congregation, that lie thought it was as lit tle as it could do for each one to contribute ji small amount thr the education of and evangelizing- the poor ignorant Indians, on whose lund you are now living: or whose it was, which yon got. for little or nothing. A part of the above expressions were mude by Mr. Compere to a Mr. Elijah alias Eli slia Echols of Lincoln comity, Georgia, whom we overlook oil the great road lead ing from the Indian Epriug to Marshall’s Ferry, on Fhnt river. On Tuesday before MoTntosh was mur dered, I left his house. J'.ie evening before he expres-ed to me his views, concerning the treaty, in an open and candid manner. He observed tliut ins lather the President and Congress had contracted and bound themselves to Georgia for a large portion of the nation; that the nation only held it as a man would a stray horse, which he claimed until demanded by tho owner; that Georgia claimed and would, according to stipulation with Congress, have herb mndary; that his father the President demanded the lands for Georgia, and had offered and given as good and as large a country, well stocked with game and bunt beside ; so that I think, said he, it is best for my people to go there, where they can hold a good title, without being harrnssud by claims. Now will uny one read this, and believe Mr. Compere, when he states that the Ge neral was an ignorant man. No; he will say his views were correct. Yes, as much so, as when he voluntarily fought for his only friends, the white men of the United States, against the British nation, which I verily believe cnnsotl Mr. Compere’s hatred to that honorable, that veltiahle, and that brave citizen oft lie Creek nation. J. II. ROOKER. MAncHiNO op Taooes.—We learn from Pensacola, that Col. Clinch received orders to despaten all the U. States’ troops station ed in that neighbourhood to l-’or*. Mitchell, Georgia. The order did not mention for what purpose. Tho troops accordingly mnrclied. under the command ofMajor Do- iiulio—nnd a force, it is also stated, joined there from Baton Rouge, mailing 8 or 780 troops. There is no doubt that this force, after nn expensive inarch of several hundred miles, is destined for Georgia; but whether to protect the state against the Indians, or the Indians against the state, we cannot say. Il is a sptlled principle, in alt disputes, in states, between the Imliuns and local an- tlmriticstn liaveTecoursete thornUilin ns the natural and proper dfecnce. Indeed every encouragement should be given.;o states to rely on this thoir best and surest protection, because it may not always be convenient fur the general govormneut to afford the aid of our small army, an-.Uhere inny not always bo an iticiinalinn on the part ofthe govern ment to comply with the requisition of a stele. Georgia must have 40 or 58.080 men ar med and equipped. 5 nr linn Indians in that state have been committing murder, and making difficulties, and an armed force is necessary to keep them ill order.—Instead if taking troops from the cantonments in Florida, and marching i Intel several him _ dred miles, in hot. weather, nnd at a great . R tj capable, and no tribe or pi expense, the president should have required the commander ill-chief of the militia in in Georgia to have ordered out 1200 men, duly equipped for service, to be placed un der the command of Gun. Gaines, and to be continued in pay as long ns public good re quired. This was all that was necessary— and we see in the movement of these U. States’troops something that is not alto gether right. Time will determine this. JVWi’i Ado. AN APPEAL TO THE PEOPf.E OF THE UNITED STATES. BY A GEORGIAN. NO. III. Or Inptan lands in Georoia.^Iii what has been tho subject of our pre ceding remarks, wo have grounds of alarm and complaint, in common with the whole southern states ; and we hazard nothing in saying, shall meet tlicir undivided support. It is a question with which our constitution al rights and our personal safety are so in timately connected, that there can bo no difference of opinion as to the course to be sent at the horrid scene, that the GoneraT pursued, Bhould they bo invaded by the arm " did not shoot at, but only flashed his gun at (of power, or the no less dangerous sapping the incendiaries from his stair ease ; in go-1 and mining of fanaticism. We now ap ing down to meet his awful fate. Had his, proach a subject which is more local in its gun fired clear, he would have, in all proba- : character, but in which as deep a feeling bility, despatched one; and os for any feel-'and as just a sense of wrong is entertained ing enquiries made and distress of womqn in this state as on|tho former; and the facts them to repose . ----- lem At the declaration of the Independent, ofthe United States, the state of G c „ lt , possessed all the lauds now forming iu states of Georgia, Alabama and Missis,(n? with the exception of those portions of u, two last states which formed a part oI FU ids and Louisiana. This claim was tbund ed on the “ Charter of Incorporation uf o' proprietary government, and on the R„ J Commissions issued to the Governors u f f| state, after the Commissioners had surn-n* dered their charter to the crown." 'ru right to these limits was recognized by Cm gross on several occasions, and the limits finally settled by a treaty, emur.A into between the Government oftlie (J j|lt j States, and tho state of Georgia mtu year 1802. By this compnet “ tiie fiutM States obtained a surrender of thu right of Georgia, to the sovereignty nnd soil of two states, containing by estimate eighty ti* millions of acres of lond, for the cotnpam tively trifling consideration of Jl .^50 oco* out of the proceeds of that lan<f and of * promise to extinguish the Indian Title t, the land within the territorial limits tin; ceded to the United Slates, as spun ag ;! co>'d be done peaceably and on letiBoiiuUa terms. The execution uf this tmupa^. k* marks the Committee of thu Huasuof Rup, rcsentntivps of the United States, on the. 15th of April, 1823, produced n*» chimn ;u the right of Georgia, to the sovcraijnitv' and soil of the lond within lu.r newly dotincl boundaries. Iis only effect was, to throw upon the United States the i;xpi»r.8.j wlii. h might attend the extinguishment of the It,, diau Title, an expense, which, but fur tine compact, must have been bnriiu by tlu-sim , Nor did this compact in the tnjrlitm» cmnstonee, add to Ihc title of tho li.ilmi: j it recognized only the claim which they, ;« 1 idinns, were allowed to have. acporditi» »<. the usvngert of the stntrs. nnd thu iibnii: ji„i. icy adopted towards them by the Genual (Juc- eminent. The vulue to the United States Govern* ment of tins cession ol Georgia, tnay le judged of by the following si atem-mt: 1. The cession to the United Ntaiuti Gov ernment, contained the soil of Un* siate*if Alabama am! Mississippi, comprising eight. • six millions of arces ol land, wliicn, a! ^ per acre, would amount in value tuo/n L.v dreil and seventy-two millions of thill nn! 2. Ofthis amount, $4,512,858 hud actu ally boen received in 1823, into tin* Unr.i’i States Treasury, exclusive of Missinsi^i Stock, and according to the the credit si * tem of the United States, there was line rfMIUUt flU 3- The land ceded to the United State* by the Indinus, and not theu sold, was 2i : * 538,800 acres. 4. And there yet remained of tho boJ ceded by Georgia to the United States, as hunting grounds for the Indians, 22,977,576 acres. This short statement shews the immense benefit derived by the United States tram the trenty. History does not shew an in- 9tance in which one government hi a obtain ed a cheaper or easier bargain from anoib- cr. An empire for a mere song—t territo ry larger than some of the kingdoms of Eu* rope, Tor a sum not half the amount of t year's salary to the monarch. Ifet. unM various pretences, to this day a settleuifiil has never been effected. At Jirst, the min- ey which had been promised and which wei to have been paid, out of the sales of t.'ie land, was said not to be sutheient to satisfy ihe Haim—thin was disproved. After tin?, by the mode adopted, of treating with tfc* Indians, and tho means which had been ta ken, perhaps from good motives, to fester ideas of property and national independence, a unanimous consent to a cession w«« found impossible, nnd it was declared impossible to obtain it on pencenble and rcaso/mlile terms. The subject is now of mow importance, because it is believed such fake and discolored statements will be mails to CongreRn, as to induce n tout ion to invali date tho Inst trenty, formed under cwf untownrd circumstance* It will be only nccessnrv to enquire wM has been the course pursued by the Gener al Government, in relation to the Indian* in other states, and to contract it with ilfot pursued towards Georgia, in the tulji'ni^rt of a solemn compact, so ndvantngcwis to one of the parties to if, and so plain »[* ''•* provisions as to the other. We.quote from tho report wo have before referred In: In 1817, we hear the President Mr. roe, arguing for the extinction of nil the claims to Indian Lnads, within tlio United States, without reference to the feeling* or pretended rights which have sinvo t»o. ^ conceded to them in Georgia, thus hunter state can exist only iu the vast un cultivated desert. It yields to the w’f* dense and compact form and greater fifi* ofcivilized population, und of right it ous to yield; for tho earth was given to man* kind to support the greatest number of wn» i s capable, and no tribe or people^ have * right to withhold from the rights °* t . ” more than is necessary for tlicir owu sup port and comfort.” In a letter of the 29th July. Secretary of War says to Mr- MMinn* speaking of the attempts to prevent J • Cherokee8 from going to Arkansas. ‘‘J’ United States will not permit the trenty be defeated by stich moans. Those wjj choose to remain arc permitted to do s* 1 quiet—those who choose to emigrate, rou?* bo equally free.” And furthet • “I 1 *”, vain for the Cherokees to hold out (he nig tone which they do, as to their iiidcpt; • dencoos a nation ; for doily proot w e * 1 ited, that were it not for the protectingoi of the United States, they would " cC0 ., the victims of fraud and violence. . M’Minn tells the Cherokees, in cW” orn \' with this declaration, in his talk to * Chiefs, ofthe 23d of November, 1818. » must surely be, my brothers, that you VI * me as au imposter, acting upon mv own . thority, with a view to deceive the nW « or that you flatter yourselves with tne expectation that the United Status c *°- execute a measure of general defence the safety of her citizens, which™* 1 ’ the slightest degree, affect younnW*w your wishes.” The agents a ; , 0 nn tinnualfied right in the United State* take from the Indians any of their laud* public use. Thus jar the Committee—that no cf ,n g has taken place since Mr. come into office, is shewn by th ing talk of Governor Iiard of Arkm^ 1 **