Newspaper Page Text
•v* V A •
«Be&QSA)lB
Ifrimiaiif# D'il & LDJW&tf;
i*ubltaiiBRi or *n» laws or tih: union.
DAILY PAPER, J
COUNTRY PAPER l
: right dollars.
: FIVE POM*Alls.
IGP* AU AdvcrtjsomoMs appear in Imtli pnpcrs,
iLSSiUi
Tlio slim allowed foi* dOffiffiUtuCon of rations
is also entirely dependent on Executive dis
cretion, and while the law makes no distinc
tion in this respect between the ration of the
Officer and the Seaman, yet in the practice of
the Deportment the Officer ia allowed fllLpcr
cent more than the Seaman. The money
paid thy Officers for 10 rations will purchaso
20 Seamen's rations. Such a practice is a
discredit-to any public department.
All the pay and emoluments of Captains on
shore, tit shore stations,'and-at the Navy
Yards, arc stated to originate in Executive
legislation. The Navy Agents are limited
hy law to one per cent on their disbursements,
the amount not to exceed $‘2000 per annum,
yet their compensation has been increased in
*sott;o instances, to $<1000 and $0000 per an
num. 11 To one Agent, it is stuted, at least a
commission of 21 per cent, and 1$ nor cent
over $2000 lias neon allowed swelling his
emoluments to -many • thousands." In every
brauch, through all tlio gradations of the Na
val service, has the principlo becn adopted to
disburse the public money, not only without
legal sanction, but in some cases without the
authority even of the Secretary of the Navy,
ami with nothing hut precedent for its justii’L
cation. The practice has given rise to loud
complaints of partiality on the pnrt of tlio
Officers, and to almost inextricable confusion
in the accounts of tho Department.
Tlio Fourth Auditor does not allege that
these allowances on mere Executive discre
tion are in all cases exorbitant, or rendur tho
entire income of tlio Officers too groat; but
lie protests very properly against tlio princi
ple. lie urges the propriety of raising the.
income of all those connected with the Nnvv,
where it is inadequate, but there can he but
one opinion as to the inexpcdiencyofjiorinitt ing
the disbursements to take place in such a
manner ns must give*rise to undue Executive
inltunnco and favoritism, its sure attendant.
As a consequence of this system of dis
bursements, the policy of the law providing
specific appropriations for each branch of the
public service, has been entirely defeated, in
the administration of the funds of the Navy
Department. Transfers from otie division of
the service to another have taken place to an
almost unlimited extent. The power of
transfer is restricted by law to live heads,
•ii all the Htnto papers fmm tlio cotumcncctiici.t oi'ifu: j within the year lor which tho appropriations
present administration. The Banner is elegantly print- i are made, and nil account ol such transfers is
pd. aqdwiU form an cicellcnt volume for reference when j required to belaid before Congress within tlie
Jboun'd. It iaihe intention ofMr.B.gtKi.tho editor, to con. | 11 wt wools .litheir next mwcecdinff Session,
tinoetbc lupport of those
liare been bo successful’
"Wo cannot hut hope,
-FftlPAY MORNING, DEC. 25.
This fay being Christmas Day, no -paper will b p
published at this office .unlill Monday next.
*Tmk I.koislati'iik.—Wo obtain tlio following intor-
fuation from our Members, who returned last evening,
-having led Milledgcville on Monday afternoon last.—
Tho Legislature no doubt adjourned on tlio evening of
Via! d§y.
•tin Monday in Senate, Mr. 'Blair, of Habersham,
moved a reconsideration of the appropriation law, fur
the purpose of striking out tho appropriation of $d(M>0,
(or tho erection of an Arsenal in Savannah, on which
motion tho yeas were 20—-nays 38.
Tho bill to prevent free persona of color front coming
into the ports of this Stato, in merchant vessels, passed
-Aho Iloiiso with many additions, which were concurred
in by tho Senate. Tho principal fcaturo in this bill is
to compel vessels having such persons on board, to per-
fgrtn a quarantine of 40 days. Vessels from ports in
Iho United States, not to bo within ils operation for three
mouths,.those from foreign ports six months. It also
•revives tho law of 1817, which prohibits tho introduction
of negroes into this Stato for sale.
■•Tho bill authorising tho ShcriiT and others to enter
-ihu houses of sailor landlords, itic. &e. has passed both
Ilouscf. Alto; tho bill punishing gambling by emiimc-
vnent in tho Penitentiary, and permitting playing with-
betting.
The Bannku of the Constnvno.v. —The Free
Trado Advocato has been removed from Philadelphia
'to Woshingtsn, where it is now published twice a week,
under this Utlo. -The sheet is much enlarged and im
proved, and is hereafter to l*o devoted to geuem! poli
tics, political economy,Htnto papers, foreign and domes
tic news, &c, -In addition,.it is intended to embody ii
■tionofMr.Udgiii < i l tl)ccdit'T.tocon. first wools oHItoir next SHWeeilHiff SosbIoii.
those doctrines of !rcc tr.uio svliiot. I » ^Oll.s tll.it t HTU nro UltclMad utcoiuit. on
sfuiivinculcated in lit. A.ifocto.- S<« f •"■C t Auditor ,t hook* iiuilor iimviirds oi
i, al a time when C.i!>n of oriy.li.M.lt. oi q|.,.n.nr,titioti, 1 ito'following
c unfiirtiuiutclc tircvniictl so cone. I “ .W tl.lH point,
4H)!iticai economy have unfortunately prevailed so s«*uc
It appear* that when .Agents havo railed
.allyrlhatui titis.}rail of our country, tho \iapcr dcv.ucd ( nl , JU ‘.'. u|u ] or 0 f tlp]iVo|>ri.ttiotl which
,o tho exposure of them tv,II rcccvc tho pt.ro men ,1 ; ,„ lvu CX 1 IIU1B , C1 |, tc.rmcr Sccroltmes lltlVO
.alcnt and sound opinion, j.wtiy claim. It will ullvrJ , ,„ jt hcfil ., 0 s01u i t | lcm m „„ cv untlor (tiller
its plansnro to fortvard the it,loro,Is of Ino I.umtcr „l ! | |1)ai|s- a .| lis ia „ vir ; UI1 l tra „ s llr from one
Free rnulo and tho Coiis.lliili.m at all times. j .(..proprintion to imotlmr, nml it violation of
Shad wero ycstcrJay sold in market at seventy-five i law. U lion tin) officers account lbr this
-<cnts a-piccc. " j 'u«mr*y, it stands charged to them on the Ail-
— i ditor’.t hooks, tinder ono head, and they ob-
Tlm proprietors of the Charleston City an l Carokna J tain credit under another. The money 1ms.
'Cazctto,otror their establishment for sale.
Mr. Adams has resigned tho management of i!
Charleston Theatre, and a conmiittco of gentlemen sc-
Jcclcdfor the purpose have iiinlertukcn to conduct it.
Ohio.—Tho Legi.<Uure of Ohio met on the #ih inst. and a double violation ef law, because it is a !
anti ill both homes, officers friendly to Uuurrul Jackson ! traitsJer from one year to another.
-vfcro rlcclod without serimw oppomilion. Gen. Luca?, j “ When tlu* A'V.l.tot Mid Compt.‘utter have
Speaker of tho Senate, ami Mr,. Hamer of tlio House settled an account belonging to a head of up.
-ofRepresentatives. ' ■* *■ • ■
Count Noy, son if the lam .Marslial Ncv, and Count
Otranto, (SNmcho) arrived in Charleston oil Monday
from the North.
I in fact, been applied to purposes other than
j, c those for which it was appropriated. JJul
. c .! wlien tinotlior appropriation is obtained under
j tin* deficient, head, the amount borrowed is
refunded. This is another virlir.l transfer,
preprint loll, which is exhausted, tlio practice
has boon, to pay it by an advance out of an
other appropriation. This is also a palpable
appropriation. This is also a palpable
evasion jjf the law; the money ia npliedto
purposes for which it wus not appropriated ;
the account can never bo closed on tho books
of this office unless Congress make an
other appropriation, under the deficient bead
, svizotl’un Ittlo L'.Mt.nc, | an.l t-von then it mint oomo out of another
.Ii, mtfi,kcoj.itt- umii ti.o i yrar..i.i.roprmtu.ri.
........ ,1... I ".Millions ot mono yltavo boon cxpondotl by
Smucoled Goods.—The Platisburg Bc|mblicao of
tho 5\h instant, says, some days since a quantity of con
^ .iband goods, consisting of flannels, broadcloths,
>rorlb about IOOQ dollars, was
-sand conveyed to ibis F acQ ■ f*'
Mar,1tiil receive, ordur. Co toock them <lo« >» *b« | Nllvv Dopitrlm™!. for p.trpoioB oilttT
»»*be,t bidder. Wo ere .nfurmed that large ,|„e.,l,t,e, , „ fjrjt „.. ls npl Up r ia t 0ll. Tlio
ofeletl, ere now m the other Bidet of hue 4;., tttttl | atT , un „ , t i,l-Jtc-,l, nrisittte ttoWy.iVom
that tlm owncre or huhlcra are waiting for the winter to ^ w , ,,£ 1>ru |,;t!tly omltrttco Ittoro
set mbeforo they cummenco their aikntah, as row Ca- | a of .dollars. Many of them arc
xiadian neighbors say, by runuing thorn over in s.iughs. | aK „ m( ,| 4 oroditor under under olio head, as
• Tho corroononiiont of the Now-York Joitrnnl ttfCoin., rlnbtor uittli-r nnatlicr i but tho Audit ttr litis no
incrco at London,writes on the Sth oflust montl,-“ad.- power 1„ Iraimfw tlio iimmmttt, anil closo
vices from tho manufacturing districts represents filings j thorn. It t? probable 1 hat $.10,000 would pay
to be improving. The worst is supposed to bo over.— bb ft ^ * s r l ,st “.V dtio tipoii those accounts, and
The operatives arc generally employed—riots infrequent
—sales arc made with more readiness, but no great pro
fit. Somo calculation is*mado on the opening of the
Turkish market and tlio Black Sea {.but tho impover
ishment of tho Tmks, and the cvnctiori9 to which they
must submit for a long tinio, if Russia insists on the
payment of tho indomtiitivs, will proveut any great spe
culations in. that quarter."
Co.vorf.m.—In Senate on Wednesday, lGth instant,
-an Exccutivo Mcssago was received from tho President
cf ihc United States, which was, of course, according
fq rule, road with closed doors. It its presumed to con
tain tho nomination to tho Senate of soma of tho Officers
wljo havo been appointed in tho recess of the Senate,
and which require the consent of tho Senate to their
-continuance.
In tlio House of Representatives, the resolution offiw-
jed on tho preceding day, by Mr. Richardson, on the
subject of tho Standing Committee on Education, was
laid on tho tablo on motion of Mr. Archer, the voto be
ing for the mvtion to Jay the resolution on tlio table, ayes
127, nocs 53.
•Mr. BiirrongnrannouncedthodoathnfGabrielHolincs
of North Carolina, a member of tho 20th, and member
elect ofllto21 st .Congress, and then tho House adjourned.
FounTii Auditors Resort.—Accompanying the
Report of tho Secretary of tho Navy to Congress, is one
romtho Fourih Auditor’s office,which is of great interest
and calculated to ehew that reform in the mo Jo of dis
bursing tlio public money and kcoping the accounts
tat lea t is required. Wo rogrot that wo cannot
give tho wholo of this interesting document. Wo copy
bo following synopsis of tins Report from tlio Southern
Patriot, with tho addition of un extract, which will givo
R Very gooJ view of it, This document from tho Trea
sury Department was elicited in conscqucnco of inqui
ries from tho Secretary of tho Navy os to tho accounts
of Ilia Navy Dcparlmcut.
The first point ongaging tho attention of
the Fourth Auditor iB the manner of compen-
Htiting tho Officers of tho Navy. It is little
known to the community that the chief por
tion of tho income of this claBs of official pr*r-
boiib ariBcs from Exccutivo Lomslntion under
tho head of “ allowances.” Tlio principle of
fixed compensation iB entirely disregarded, in
Die modo of compensating tho Officers of the
Navy from tho commandor of n squadron
down to a Midshipman and a Purser. Tho
income as fixed by law of the first class of
jQfficers, if even in tlio command of a squad
ron, is $1030 per year, allowing them to com
mute their rations at 25 cents each. Hut in
conscqucnco of giving them a yearly sum of
Q2000 in lieu of commissions for drawing
bills for support of their squadron, and $30
per montlt for cabin furniture, thoir annual
compensation from the Executive is $2360.
Out of an inconio of $4290 wc thus have this
large sum granted entirely at Executive discre-
lion, and with no authority or sanction of law.
an appropriation of that sum, with power to
make I ho. necessary transfers, would furnish
the means to close them. No talents or skill
enu adjust them without the interposition of
Congress."
It is suggested in tlio Report as the first
stop to an effectual reform in the business of
the Department, a remodelling of the whole
system of pay and emoluments of tlio Naval
Officers, leaving ns little as possible to cxccu-
live discretion. It is Tccnmmondcd, as tho
next step, “ tlmt Congress make nn appropri
ation to moot all arrearages under every heud
of appropriation priorto-tho 1st of January,
1830; tlmt every account, in the Navy Depart
ment be settled up to tlmt day, and nil balan
ces duo paid out of that appropriation ; that
careful estimates ho made for expenses
accruing in 1830, and .no part of the. money
appropriated for tlmt. year to bo paid on any
account accruing prior to tlmt year ; that ev
ery disbursing oflioor lie compelled to make
careful estimates of tho amounts required by
him under each head, forbidding him paying
out money for other purposes than those for
wliieh it is sent him, and refusing him credit
for all over payments ; that no transfers bo
permitted except in tho emergency and in the
manner prescribed by law, and such as muy
bo made, bo reported to Congress, as tho law
requires, that tho deficiency may be suppli
ed."
Tho Fourth Auditor remarks, that most of
tlwsfi experienced in tho public accounts at
tribute their present condition to tho system
of specific appropriations. He thinks the
fault is not in tho system itself, but in its ad
ministration. Tlio following arc his sugges
tions to render it efficient:—
"With strictness and severity in executing
ills low, I tiling tho present system practica
ble. Hut it is complicated and difficult, and,
in somo respects, unsafe. l»nt any member
of Congress, or other person, however talent
ed and intelligent, enter this office and at
tempt to ascertain for what purposes the pub
lic money has been paid during the Inst four
years. Where will ho look lor the informa
tion ? Will ho turn to tho books ! They
will givo him none. Tho entries are all in
general terms under each head, and give no
clue to tho real character of t he vouchers.—
Will ho ask the Clerks!—Their recollections
ore indistinct and unsatisfactory. He can
procure what ho wants,only by a personal in
spection of the ten thousands of vouchers in
t housands of accounts, which it would take
mouths to examine. I have been in this of
fice about six months, and all I know of past
transactions has been obtained by accident,
in the necessary routine of business, or in te
dious investigations. Whut there may be
concealed in tho numerous boxes and files of
papers wliieh fill the passage, t lie sholvcs,and
the pigeon holes of this offieb, I know not
nor can I ovorknow,without opoiiing& care
fully and inspecting the contents of overy bun
dle. Without a long, research, wu cannot toll
what the building or fitting out of any ship
has cost, or any thing else of thoso hundred
items of information which are always inter
esting) • and oflen useful. Tho variousitems
are scattered through tho books of tho office
under various ;hcadsof appropriation ; from
which it is always difficult, onu somtimvs iin-j
possible to cull and collate them. .These;heads
of appropriation, as they appear in the books
of this office, are liko splendid abstractions,
rnoro beautiful in theory than useful in prac
tice.
" It appears tome, all tho benefits now de
rived from specific appropriations might be
realized without their inconveniences, by re
quiring tho Department to present specific
estimates,—by appropriating a sum in gross,
for tlio support ot the Navy,—and by requir
ing the Secretary to account annually for the
sums expended under daqn head of his esti
mates. To enforce the present system, lib
eral estimates must be made under each head
to meet unexpected emergencies, becauso one
head cannot depend for relief on another; but
upon the plan suggested, a general allowance
for emergencies would be sufficient, and tho
aggregate amount of appropriations need not
be so great. To enforce the present system,
it will also be necessary to keep a balance un
der each head in the-hands of overy disbur
sing officer, thereby magnifying tho aggregate
at his disposition, and multiplying the chan
ces for fraud and defalcation., Under the
plan suggested, the money in thoir kniuls
would constitute a general fund, applicable to
all naval purposes, and the whole sum con
tinually entrusted to them need not be so
large."
Mexco.—Mr. Poinsett.—A gentleman of
Boston informs tlio Editors of tlio Massa
chusetts Journal that, ho met at New York
a few dsivs ago with n gentleman who had just
arrived direct from Mexico at New York by
way of Vera Cruz. The Mexican was a mor-
ehnnt. of respectability, and he gave the fol
lowing interesting and extraordinary account.-
A few days before ho departed *from tho
city of Mexico, Mr. Poinsett our minister,
was waited upon in the dusk of tlio evening
by a person, who delivered at tho door n mes
sage from tho Minister of Foreign Affairs, re
questing his [Mr. Poinsett's] immediate at
tendance at tho Bureau of Foreign Affairs.—
This messenger was not admitted within the
door, the precaution having been taken for
some tiino, so to confine the door by a chain
as not to permit it to open so far as to admit
the passage oi'nmau, unless the chain were
unlocked for that purpose, hut only to admit
of conversation. Mr. Poinsett suspected
somo sinister design from tho unprecedented
hour at which this request was made, and re-
t timed for .til answer, that he should cull on
the Minister in the morning. This answer
was delivered, and Mr. P. on applying at the
window, saw sixty men about his house arm
ed with knives umlbludgeons. The Mexican
lmd no doubt that the intention was to obtain
admission by stratagem, murder the minister
andriilnlrs house!
But this is not the only, or most extraordi
nary part of the gentleman's narrative. While
he was on tho ro.id between Mexico and Ve
ra Cruz, travelling with a company in tho
stnge, they y.-cro airci/tCiliv p band of ruffi
ans, to see if .Mr. Poinsett was among them
it having been reported that Uc was to leave
Mexico at this time. Tho narrator of those
facts being closely mu filed in a cloak, was a
pumcului object, oi'mcruitiiy. ills cio'iK v. as
roughly thmugly thrown open, and Ifs fea
tures closely examined ; and when at. length
the assailants became satisfied of their mis
take, o:io of them drew tho bock of his knife
across his throat with it decisive action, saying
" it is lucky for him that it is not lie."
Infant Eenoor..—Tim following notice of
tho Exhibition of tho liii'int School of this
city on Tuesday last has been furnished us
tor publication :—
This was the first semi-annual exhibition of
tlio school, in conformity with the rule of the
constitution. Tho exercises were opened by
Mr. U. B. Gumming, treasurer of the commit
tee, with a report of thoir proceedings in re
lation to the school since its first, foundation
to the day of exhibition, detailing its original
difficulties, its progress, and subsequent im
provement. Tho popular prejudice that stood
in tho way of its -curly advancement in the
favor of tho community,'.until experiment lmd
tested its value, followed by a statement of the
number of pupils now in tho school, (94) its
teachers, finances, anil future prosgecis of
support. Tlio exhibition of tho pupils then
t • >k place under the management of Mrs.
Brower, tho principal instructress. .The ex
ercises wero various, and well calculated to
awaken a deep and powerful interest in the
minds of tho parents and other friends of the
children. They consisted principally of infan
tile hymns, adapted to lively popular airs—
recitations of tho ten commandments inverse,
and other moral and religious precepts—his
torical, geographical and miscellaneous parti
culars, arithmetical calculations deduced from
the manual Inline, together with other inter
esting elementary items of infant education,
which, when taken in connexion with the early
ago of tho exhibitors, left an impression no
less moral than pleasing with the audience.
Thu improvement of tho pupils, tho exact
regularity and correctness oftticir recitations,
their orderly olid disciplined behaviour dur
ing a protracted examination, atford, perhaps
the host culogiiim that con be pronounced on
this system of teaching, and of tho capacity
and cure of tho instructress, whose judicious
and discreet treatment of tlio children com
mitted to her, both in relation to improvement
and discipline, was tho suhjcct of animated
remark among tho numerous and respectable
nudiencc assembled on this occasion. The
whole exhibition gavu promise of the decided
happy iufiuence which tlio school is likely to
excite over the early minds und murals of
tho rising generation.
Toleration in France.—Trom a late
London paper.—There urn in the House of
Peers, 5 Protestant Peers who are nominated
by tlio King, and 22 Protestant Members in
tho Chamber of Deputies—The Peers are tin*
Marquis of Jaucourt; ('ount Maurice Mnthiou
do In Rodorte, Count Pelet do laRozire; Ad
miral Count Verhuoll, (of Dutch origin,)
Count do Boissy d'Angiais; ntulBuron Portal,
formerly minister of Marine—-Protestant
Members of tho ChamberBenjamin Con
stant, Benjamin Delessert, Benjamin Morel,
Cmiticr, Cnndore, (’omit do Proyssne, Profoqt.
of tho Dordogne de Turckhciin, (liiA ft^lti^ id
tho President of tho Consistory Gent+al of
the Lutheran Churches in France,) D’Onous,
Btilquorio; Oborkatnpf (Baron,) Boissy d’An-
gluss, Viscount of L'Ardechc, Pilot (Baron,)
Bacot do Romans, Balquerio ; Bernrd, Dau-
uiiust, Counsellor of tho Royal Court of
Niwnos; Acuze Flctiriun deBelleine, Gallot,
De Marehegny do Lnusigny of la Vendue,
Marscll, Odier of Paris.— K'omnmniiatcd.
BANKING.
Td TRE EDITORS OP THE OEOROIAN.
Gontlomen—Permit ino to dra,w your at-'
tention to an nrtielo in the Charleston Couri
er, of tho 18th current, and to request you' to
re-publish it—I allude tp tho extract from tho
Hon. William Gaston's speech in the North
Carolina Legislature.
A quarter of a century ago, such senti
ments would have lmd too much the appear
ance of truisms, to have been expected JVom
a man of nrominent talents:. But in these
days of banking heresy, they are, at least to
tho writer of this request, us a spring of. pure
refreshing wator in tho desert, to the .weary
and-thirsty traveller. /
Whilst on this subject I will take occasion
to express my surprise at tho manner in'Which
the President has noticed tho Bunk of the
United States, in his recent Message to'chut^
gross. In tlmt communication ho says • thut
"both the constilulionalilif and the expedien
cy of tho law creating this Bank, arc well
questioned hy a largo proportion of our fel
low citizens, and it must bo admitted by nil
tlmt it 1ms failed in the great end of establish
ing a uniform and sound currency."
Now, irom the chaotic state ot our curren
cy nnd finances, fimmediately before tlio
establishment of this Bank, it is surprising to
find how far it. has succeeded in establishing a
sound currency, in tlio face of very mighty
and numerous difficulties : and from the lit-
conco wliieh tho several States have taken
with tho Constitution on this subject, more
uniformity in tho currency euulu scarcely
have been expected.
.But this is a minor point compared to that
part of tho Messnge directed against tho con
stitutionality of the Bank—This he says is
well questioned. At one period it certainly
was nn open quest ion—a subject tlmt might
bo fairly debated—but it lias ceased to bo so
for some time—It'has been submitted to that
tribunal, which by tho Constitution, 1ms pro
perly cognizance of such questions—the Su
premo Court—and by it 1ms beun closed in
favor of its constitutionality—nnd having been
so decided, ought to'havo‘been considered
closed by every individual in tho country, but
more especially by tho Executive ofthe Gov
ernment, until the Constitution is amended in
tlmt particular, agreeably to the prescribed
forms, Tho Supremo Court is, by tlio ar
rangement ofthe Government, tho key-stone
of its central arch, and especial care should
bo taken, neither to weaken nor loosen its de
cisions.
A Friend of fair Banking $ sound Currency.
Extract from Mr. Gaston's Speech, in the
Legislature, of North Carolina, on the
Bank Question.
" One word more, in pnssing, Mr. Chair
man, upon this notion of establishing it
Bank of tho State. It 1ms been suggested
ill another form, atul from another quar
te r. I do most, solemnly warn this House
and tho People,.from ever adopting so
pernicious a project. Disguise it as you may,
it in a palpable violation ofthe Federal Con
stitution, which wo are all sworn to support.
What nro bills for the payment of money, is
sued by order of tho State, n ml for the pay
ment of.which the.faith ofthe State is pledged
but hills of credit issued i:y the Elate 1 Do
you change their character by converting the
Slate into a Bank, and calling the notes Bank
notes! Miserable subterfuge ! Do you get
rid of your oath that you will not issue bills of
credit, by causing it to be done on your ac
count. ! Wretched prevarication. The mea
sure is as repugnant to the true policy as it
•Minmnnl fVii:it tlin CO!!Sl!lUltUII. A Hia'o
never can carry on banking operations with
<i s *re!i«<:t. These require the keen-sighted
and evr vigllaut superintendence of those
who*,him* a direct and personal interest in tludr
good management. For thoir success, it. is
essential that they should bo ‘conducted on
those principles of steady, cautious, nnd often
severe policy, which alone cun attach tophein
tho confidence ofthe public. But put them
under State control, nnd in every emergency,
these principles will bo made to yield to real
or imaginary Stato necessity.
" The election, tho ammol election of Di
rectors, will inirdduce into tho Legislature a
sp : rlt of intrigue, combination, and corruption
destructive of moral principle ; nnd sooner or
Jater such Banks must blow up. Sir, so far
from countenancing a. Bank owned by the
state, I lay it down ns a sound rule that n State
never should havo any concern in a Bank.—
The alliance, liko that betwcon Church and
State, is unnatural. It corrupts all parties.—
While the favor of tlio State is propitiated,
and oiloji it is propitiated hy scandalous sac
rifices of principle, tho Bank 1ms nn influence
which secures to it irresponsibility. When
tho favor is lost; nnd it may. ho lost without a
crime, unmerited partiality gives way to cap
ricious Imto.nnd tyrannical resentment.
” I would havo Banks owned solely by in-
individuals, managed by Directors having a
deep personal interest in their good conduct,
nnd appointed by their brother stockholders.
I would have them regulated by proper char
ters which would compel them to a fulfilment
of engagements, and denounco prompt and
adequate penalties against delinquency. Such
Banks, under the double control of enlighten
ed self-interest and impartial law, would in
deed he blessings to the community, but. from
Banks ofthe State, may n kind Providence
save my country!"
Steamboat Savannah, Swymer, Augusta, d
ds. with boats nps, 12 & 15 in tow to Steam
boat Co. ' 1431 bales Cotton to 11 Malone, C
Lippitt, Taft & Padelford, Beers, Booth &
St. John, FH Welraan,J Stone, Ketchuin
& Burrougs,R Campbell, J Ganahl, & others.
Steamboat Wm. Gaston,Bowman,Augusta,
with tow' boats nos. 4 & 10/ 1253bales Cot
ton to J Stone,’R Campbell, J Ganahl, T But
ler & Co. Taft fit Padelford, C Lippitt, Stiles
& Fannin.
Polcbont A. Sibley, fin Augusta, to Candler
& Davidson, agents. 084 bales Cotton to D
L Adams & Co. J Ganahl, E Bliss.
. Polcboat Mary, fin Augusta, to Candler &
Davidson, agents. 547 bales Cotton' to S B
Park man,'J Stone, C Lippitt, D L Adams &
Co. A Lc Bn'rbier &> Co. P DoVillers.
Polcbont Entorprizo.-fm. Augusta, to Can
dler & Davidsoni agents. 250 bales Cotton,
Taft &■ Eadeffiml, and others.
PoleboarSummcr Duck,*ftn. Augusta, to
Candler & Davidson, agents 456 bales Cot
ton to Toft & Padelford, S B Parkman.
Polcboat Oglethorpe, fm Augusta, to Cand
ler & Davidson, agents. 600bales Cotton to.
D L Adams & Co. J Stone, J Ganahl.
Poleboats A. & I), and Lighters fin Augus
ta, to J M'Kcnzie & Co. agents. 1419 bales
Cotton to R Campbell, A LoBarhier & Co O
Lippitt,FII Wclman, Ketchuin & Burroughs,
J fit J lleid, J Gauulil, S I) Parkman.
DEPARTED,
Schr. Loader, Williams, St. Augustine.
Steamboat William Gaston, Bowman, for
Augusta.
Ship Delaware, Bnrtleson, up for this port
at Philadelphia.
Sclir. Mary Ann, Fithinn, up at Charles
ton, for this port and Darien.
FROM orn CORRESPONDENTS,
Offices of thcCouricr, Mercury and Gazette,
Charleston, Dee. 22—4£ P. M.
Arr.—Ship Jubilee, Chaddock, Antwerp.
Brig Dolly, Somers, New Orleans. Brig Hen
rietta, Lyon, Boston. Brig Soule, Soule, St.
John's, £. F.
Cleared—Br. brig Crown, Baird, Greenock.
Brig Colombo, Weston, Boston. Brig Med
ford, Low, Antwerp. Sloop Mary, Brown,
Savannah.
FOR LIVERPOOL,
Tho first rate coppered wow ship
NORTH STAR,
J. Benedict, master,
Will commence loading immedi
ately. For freight of cotton, apply to
w. g Aston.
doc 25
27—p
FOR DARIEN,
Sloop
SPLENDID,
Copt. J. Gaines,
_ To sail with despatch. For
freight apply to the Captain on board at
Jones upper wharf nv to
DUNNING & CAMPFIELD.
doe 25 27—p
Sporting.
T URKEYS, Geese, Ducks anil Fowls,
will bo shot for at Bonnvcnturc on
Christinas day, commencing a 9 o’clock A. M.
Free for Rifle’s, Smoothbore Guns or Pistols,
at tho usual distance.
Also, 4 Deer at 3U0 yards with Rifle,
dec 23
COMMERCIAL.
Livi-rpoMl dales 16lh Nov. || Huvrado. 13th Nov.
Savannah Exports, Dec. 24.
Bark Ilcrald, for Aberdeen—78() bales Up-
and, 10-1 do. S. I. Cotton.
In New York, on the 12th inst. by the Rev.
Dr. Waimvright, the Hon. Daniel Wed-
bter, of Boston, to Caroline, youngest
daughter of Herman Le Roy, Esq. of Now
York.
MARINE JOURNAL.
PORT OF SAVANNAH.
Ilifjli Wat nr ulTybce, 6 19. || At Savannah 7-19.
CLEARED)
Bark Herald, Goldie, Aberdeen.
Wm. Gaston.
Ship Envoy, Wheaton, Providence.
Taft cf- Padelford.
Ship Emperor, Bennett, New York.
Halt, Shaptcr cf* Tapper.
Brig Gov. King, Kelly, Boston.
Candler cf* Davidson.
Schr. Joseph Bonner, Somers, Now York.
Bayard &. Hunter.
ARRIVE » r
Schr. Florida, Robinson, 8 d9 fm'Old Point
Comfort, Vn. Passengers. Cupt. Flutter nml
30 F. S. Troops.
To-Day nnd all this Week,
A FLOCK oi* fine fat Turkeys, and other
/ u. Poultry to i*c shot for at the White
House, White Blurt’Road—and on Friday, in
addition, a fine stall fed Deer. Target Shoot
ing.
Those who do not feel disposed to engage
in tlio Fhootiugmat.eh, con amuse themselves
at tho Quoits, Toil-Pin-Alley, or ShulJlo
Board.
dee 25 25—o
White’s Academy.
T HE exercises of this institution will bo
resutued on Monday, 28th inst.
G. WHITE.
dee 25 27—r
Notice.
T HE I.av Days on Cotton per boats Nos.
2 & 0, will expire To-Morrow, the
26th inst.
W. P. HUNTER, Pres’t. S. B. C.
dec 25
■Plows.
K A FREEBORN’S Plows, assorted sizes,
JO for sate by
dec ffit HAZARD &.DENSI.OW.
Wire (sitters.
fJO DOZ. Wiro Sifters, nsrortctl sizes, for
&& sale by
doc 25 ' PIIILBRICK & BAKER.
Host quality Goshen Butter,
F UR sale liv
DUtfNING & CAMPFIELD,
Johnston's Stores,
dec 25 27—p
Toys and Fancy Articles.
A SMALL invoice just received is of
fered for sale on tho lowest terms. Ap
ply at the Lottery uml Exchange Office. Bull
street, to GEO. ROBERTSON,
dec 25
Notice.
T HOSE gentlemen ofthe Savannah Vol
unteer Guards who are desirous of en
couraging a military spirit or volunteer corps,
will bo gratefully thanked by tho subscriber
(the agent ofthe company at Athens) if they
will send the Caps which’ they formerly wore
to tho office ofthe Georgian or Republican ;
thereby enabling him to collect them witli
much greater facility nml despatch. The
subscriber also requests that they will bo sent
on nr before the 30th of this month. As many
will bo thankfully received, ns will bo given. ’
WM. P. WHITE.
dec 25 27
For Sale.
(And on a long credit if required,)
4 SMALL nml vnluobre improved plnntn-
j\. tion of300 acres on the Salts, calculated
for either Cotton or Sugar, and within one
mile’s rido ofthe City of Savannah, (having
n well finished Dwelling House,otherthe con
venient appendages,)—tho location ofthe en
tire tract favorablo for manuring with Marsh
jlfurf-—an auxiliary which the industrious
and experienced Planter knows how to value.
If not sold, the House, with or without tho
Land, nmy be rented on earlv application to
U. F. WILLIAMS,
\\ ho liar. City T.offc to lease.
I dee 25 *27-~?u
Richland School,
For Classical, Scientific, and Practical
Education.
FT1HE public are respectfully informed, that
JL this Institution is now organized, and
in successful operation, at the Rico Creek
Springs. .These Springs are situated on the
highlands between Columbia and Camden,
South Carolina, and have long been resorted
to, by many families from these places, as a
summer residence of great salubrity am) com
fort.
The organization of the School is on tho
plan of tho most approved Gymnasia in Eu
rope and America. It iB designed to obviate
many of tho defects in our common schoofn
of learning, and to combine, as far as practi
cable, all the improvements of of tho age on
tho important subject of Education. Provi
sion is madofora thorough course of instruc
tion in tho following departments:
An Elementary Department, comprising
Rending, Spelling, Writing,Geography ,Arith-
mctic, anti English Grammar. As a tho
rough knowledge of those branches is indis
pensable in laying the .foundation of a good
Education, cverv student, in tho early course
of liis study, will bcjrcquired to be master of
them.
A Classical Department, embracing the
Latin and Greek, French, Spanish, and Ital
ian languages. The Latin and Greek, will
bo taught thoroughly and grammatically.—
The student may prosecute them to any de
sirable extent, but as much tiino is often un
profitable spent in the study of these languag
es, ho will be required to pay no inoro atten
tion to them, than suits the design of his edu
cation.
The Belles Lcttres Department, compris
ing Composition, the Principles of Taste and
Criticism, Rhetoric, and History.
A Scientific Department, comprising tho
higher branches or Mathematics, Algebra,
Geometry, Trigonometry, Topography, Mca.
suring heights and distances, Survey ing, Nav
igation, Civil Engineering, Natural Pluloso-
phy, Natural History, and the application of
Mathematics to Architecture, and to the prin
ciples of Mechanics.
A Commercial Department, embracing
Book-keeping by single and double entry, tho
forms of commercial instruments, with all
that relates to the details of commercial trans
actions ; tho history and objects ofcommcrco,
its influence on society and civil liberty, and
its connection with Political Economy and
International Law; tho Constitution of the
United States, with tho best illustration of its
principles, furnished by cotcmpomneous ex
position, and legislative und judicial deci
sions.
An Agricultural Department, in which
will bo taught Chemistry, Mineralogy, Geolo
gy, Zoology and Botany, so far as these sci
ences are of importance in a practical appli
cation to the purposes of Agriculture. Tho
character of ditferent soil?, with tho best
method of improving them, and their adapta
tion to ditferent productions ; tlio raising of
stock for labor or food, with the grasses ami
vegetables tor their uso ; tho implements of
husbandry for saving nml facilitating labo-^
with all that rolates to practical fanning.
well cultivated farm will bo attached to tlio
institution for tho purposes of experiment
and practical illustration.
A Department of Military Science and
Physical Education, embracing the princi
ples and practice of the Military Science,
Gymnastics, and all that rolates to’hoalth ami
Physical Education. AU thculudcnls ofsuit-
nble ago will he formed into a Military Curj»
tor stated drill uml discipline. This is de
signed to add one profitable variety to the
department of Exercise and Physical Kfitira.
tion, while it imparts practical knowledge in
a science intimately connected with tho duty
of every American’citizen. A regular anil
systematic course ofexerciso will bo jirae-
t iced by every student, in which duo regard
will be hod to his former habits, pnrtieulur
constitution, and the wishes or directions of
his parents.
Those students who arc designed for Col
lege, will he prepared to enter any of tho
classes. Those who wish to complolo their
education at this institution, will receive a
course of instruction truly liberal, audadapt-
ed to their intended pursuits in life. They
may pursue tho full course, embraced in all
the Departments, or such parts of it only os
aTo applicable to the designs of their educa
tion. Apparatus, for tho illustration, and
practical application ofthe mathematical ami
physical sciences, will ho procured,, as the
circumstances of the school require. ’
The students will bo divided into sections
of twelve, and the whole number limited tc»
one hundred. A teacher will bo assigned to
each section, and with his section, will occu
py n separate building constructed for thoir
study and dormitory. lie will associato with
them, both in their studies and amusements,
and will at all times have a supervision over
every pnrt of their conduct.
Tho government will bo parental, kind nml
liberal, but./irm and addressed to the good and
honorable feelings of the students, who will
in all cases, board with tlio teachers in tho
style and manner of a well regulated family.
Their lodging will be in single beds, and on
matrasses, and tho whole system of regimen
such, as will bo most conducive to thoir health
and comfort.
Tho most perfect regularity in their stu
dies, exercises and amusements, and the con
stant employment of time to somo useful and
practical purpose, will be required and en
forced, by which early habits of attention, in
dustry, and perseverance, will bo formed, and
will impart to after life their tone and influ
ence. To cultivate, nnd establish such ha
bits, tho teachers will direct unremitted ef
forts.
The 7iiorals of the youth will bo guarded
by their removal from temptation to vice, nnd
by tho parental government, constantly exer
cised over them.
Their health will bo preserved by tho salu
brity of the situation, by tho utmost cleanli
ness in thoir rooms and persons, and especi
ally hy that wholesome physical discipline in
gymnastic nnd militury exorcises, which, will
cultivate ft manly deportment, give strength
and energy to the constitution, and restore
the scholar to his studio* with renewed relish
and vigor.
% Their tnannrrs will bo cultivated by the
family order, that will bo given to tho whole
internal economy of tho institution, and bv
tho terms of intercourse constantly sustained
between tho teachers nml students, in which
the deportment of gentlemen, and tho courte
sies anil civilities of well regulated society,
will ho carefully inculcated und insistod on*.
Weekly reports ofnll tho clnsscs, designat
ing tho proficiency and conduct of every stu
dent, will bo made, ftom which Bcmi-annunl
report* will ho transmitted to parents. There