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SOUTHERN TRIBUNE, FCBLI*HED H f.ItLT, BT Wtt. B. BARBISOUf. From the Southern Press. !*R. HENRY’S CIRCULAR. Mobile, August 31, 1850. Dear Sir —ln accordance with my usual cut tom at the close of the business season, I take plcainre in waiting on you with iny views re* specting the prospects for the ronsumpfion, pro d iction, and price of Cotton, and such collateral items as I may deem connected with °9 r interests here. I submit herewith Cotton Tables for yoqr ex. aminatron, which I think alone present our in terest* in a very encouraging aspect,and I myself think thara of commanding importance. Avery essential feature is the introducing intothem“as consumed," a large amount of Cotton, which has annually been disappearing, and which has not besn entered in any of the the tables I have seen or heard of. They are divided into periods of five years, from 1840, to 1844, and from 1845 to 1819, each inclusive. To get at, and show this insensible consumption, I added the whole con lunption as shown in the tables for the last five years, say, 13,550,000 To stock reported 3lst De cember, 1849, in Europe, 646,000 And stock reported Ist Sep lumber, 1849, in the United Staler, 155,000 Making bates 14,151,000 1 then nddej the total an nual production for the same years 13,551,000 To stock on hand Ist Jan uary, 1845, 1,261,000 Which makes 14,812,000 And deducting the total supply a hove from the total consumption, tiia enormous deficit is shown 0f.... 661,000 Which of course has been consumed, and is a very important item. Pursuing the same mode of calculating for the first period, 1 found 48,000 bales had disappeared. These discrepenciesr 1 have distributed to each year as seemed its due proportion. I must here remark with regard to the reported stock of cottton in Europe, 646,000 bales, as aeen above, on Ist January lust that there are 90,000 bales included in that which ought not to have been, as compared with former systems of reports in Liverpool. It should have bien entered under consumption, as the stocks of the manufacturers were that much less than the year before, as stated in Ist January Circular of Messrs. Wilson, Hallett & C0.,0f Liverpool, and hence the stocks on hand in Europe should appear that much less,say, 546,000 —and consum tion that much more—say, add 90,000 to 3,241,. 000 bales, as per my tables, and we find ihe tola| consumption of 1819 to have been 3,331,000 bales. You will also see clearly presented therein that the annual consumption for the past five years, has in each, been greater than the produc. lion—a material fact which has been only sup po» and by many, hut which I have shown to be beyond doubt. The consumption of 1842 was greater than the production, and that of 1844 very near to the production, while the total pro duction for the pgst eight yenrs was not so large os the consumption. You will also observe that ilia increase of sup ply of cotton by our crops and the imports into Europe from India, Egypt Sic., for the five vears ending with 1841), over the supply for the preced ing period, is only seven and a half percent., while upon the average consumption of the latter over the former period, inclusive of liie 90,000 hales alluded to, there is 20 per cent■ increase. We may here pause to contemplate this su perlatively favorable position in which not only the American planter is placed,but in which the whole nation partitpates tlnough this important reality. We see that consumption has thus in creased during a period of multiplied disaster und embarrassment. The enormous losses and failures in Great Britain 0f1847 the revolution in France and failures there, and general anarchy it) Europe, are all herein embraced—not to say anything of-our affair with Mexico. In consideration ofthose two highly important elements, supply and consumption, let us exam* ine their averages in the tables: they are cun. sing things, and will come pretty near the truth ‘I bey show us emphatically thattho tendency of consumption is to stride on ahead of production. We see were each to keep the pace the next five years with each other as they have the past five,or the five preceding, that in 1855 the consumption would, be 560,000 bales greater than the produc 4ion. Consumption, therefore, must be arrested for the want of supply. Well, what are tlic prospects of supply? A slight glanco at the history of this article will serve to i lastrate this inquiry. In 1825 cotton advanrad to a very high price, which advance was based on the supposition of deficient supply. In that year, however, Egypt forwarded to Eu ope a larger quantity by many times than ah t had in any one year before, which really glutted the markets. The immense number and h :avy failures that occurred in consequence, wi h other causes, kept the prices down until 1812-3, when they began to improve, and a ro >re liberal range continued till 1839-40—since t! • i they have been very low, unless for 1846-7 and 1849-50, when the crops were so short a9 to lesson thereby the general advantage the prices of those years might appear to have afforded.— Within this period all the Indian titles to Land* io Gerogria, Alabina, and Mississippi, were ex tfingUhed, and those valuable lands were all put into uiar,ket. The puruheses of 1834-5, and '36 were prodigious, and the lands were rapidly sat lied up. The aggregate purchases since 1836* have been so small as deary to indicate that the remaining usold lands are not very desirable, and thus we have presented a very fqtmklable barrier Ip rapid incaeasu of crops in this country. The largely increased consumption ofoofTee, and its remunerating prospects, checks the production * Appendix to Commissioner of General Land to Congress 1848 —page 241. of Brazil and the VVeat Indies. If, with all the powerful appliances used to promote its culture by the old Egyptian Pacha, it did not increase, it is not likely to under his successor. The cli mate and its peculiarities are against it. From the East Ipdies we have the authority of the best 9outhern planters who could be procured by the English East India Company to go there to teach the natives to rear it, that it is out the question to do go profitably—the periodical rains and succeeding excessive drought totally forbid ding it. (See Pateqf Office Report. 1845—pages 757-8 ) The tables show a decrease of 20 per cent on the last five years' supply from those countries on that of the first five, which is an important criterion as to the probability of that supply Having examined the impregnable position occu oied by the cotton planter, as exhibited in the tables to 1849, I will now glance at the business of the year 1849-50, just closing. The crop of the past year received into the ports in 1849-’SO, will reach about 2,090,000, and has been sold for about $107,000,000. The crop of 1849 was 2,729,000 bales, and sold for about $77,000,000. The receipts at Mobile for 1848-’9 were 519,000 bales, (inclusive of 9,000 bales shipped direct to New Orleans,) sold for $16,510,000. The past crop was 351,000 bales, (inclusive of 17,500 shipped direct to New Or. leans,) and sold for over $20,000,000. The pri ces have been tolerably regular, but it is evident from the exhibit of the annexed tables, that they did qot quite average all they should have,which was the result of over estimates, und great man agement on the other side. The average at this port has been cents per pound. The con sumption in the United States has been large in proportion to the crop, about equalling last year's. The consumption in Great Britain con tinues lajge, no reports of stopping machinery or workingshort time. In France order is entirely restored, and trade and commerce are galloping along merrily. Consumption will be likely to in crease these largley,and it is most likely to do so on the Continent. The reported deliveries at Liverpool arc some 8 per cent, less than to the same time last year hut it is not likely they will consume less than that ratio—thus, under any active view taken, the stocks Ist of January, in Europe, must he reduced to an alarmingly small point. Trade everywhere is carried on upon an unusually sub stantial basis—its everywhere active, whilst >t tcks of cotton are nearly exhausted. I will now take a view of the prospects of supply for the next business year, and also of prices. The crop of this country determines the ques tion, and so important is it, that although I have fjlt it my duty for many years to anticipate its probable extent, I do so now more than ever with a desire to be as cautious as I shall be can did. 1 have seen estimcles already low and high, 1,800,000 to 2,500,000. The whole season, from Ist Marcii to Jst July, was unpropitious.— A killing frost 27th March, with cold and wet; the stands were bad, the weed sickly—replant ing continued in places till in June; the bottom lands of the Mississippi waters inundated too late to plant on; the blooms appearing later than ever belorc known, about the 28th of June and Ist July—the whole season's working of < otton and corn thrown together; the rains of the latter part of Juno and early part of July, started the weed off to growing; a general dr ught ol five or six weeks followed; the worm is reported in some localities; early cotton do ing well, late nothing; prospects on the richest lands better, proportionality, than on the sandy. Such is the general report of the condition of the crop. Refer to the tables above, and let ns look to the. two crop years of 1845, received into the ports in 1845-46, which was 2,101,000, and that of 1847, received in 1847—48, which reached 2,348,060 bales. The season’s cf both those years and this, so far, are very nearly parallel, with this difference with regard to the latter year, you perceive the receipts at New Orleans fbr 1847-48 were 1,191,000 hales. In that sec* lion, they that year had no overflows, and the drought which ruined the Atlantic crop, and much injured the Alabama was too late to hurt theirs, and they made the largest crop they ever have. But this year their crop is very poor to this time, and a careful observer in New Orleans tells me he seriously doubts if their receipts next season will exceed 800,000 bales. 1 he. iieve no one puts it over 900,000. Then take 360,000 bales, tho probable difference between the present and their crop of 1847, and it would reduce it below 2,100,000 a fraction. 1 have said above 1 consider those years, with this ex ception, nearly alike. My estimates, as per my circular of July 20,1846, was 2,000,000 b's; rec’pls 1,178,000 July 20,1847, “ 2,150,000 “ “ 2,848,000 July 7, 1848, “ 2,500,000 “ “ 2,720,000 Aug. 17,1849, “ 2,150,000 “ will be 2,090,000 My estimate now is, in view of all the grounds, that with our usual favorable fall, the crop ean not exceed 2,200,000 bales. As was the case in 1r?43-9, there is now no old cotton held back in the country to swell next year's receipts; and, as in 1846-9, the Mississippi country cannot dis appoint us so largely. Os course in submitting an estimate now, all who are concerned in this great staple know it must be receieved as a mere approximation from the complexion of all ac counts to this time. Ido not think, however, attended with most favorable circumstances, it could go 100,000 bales above my estimate; while, should the caterpillar, which is already reper ed in Texas, and which is the point where it has first made its appearance when it was destructive to us, should it spread its ravages as in 1846, the crop would not reach 1,800,000 bales. Ltfte as this crop is, that scourge has time left to take the route, and if it docs, may do more damage than in 1846. With regard to the supply from other coun* tries another year, I need only to refer to what I have before said. With the aid of a high range of prices, it may be kept u.p to about 500,000- bales : and I now come to the prospect of prices. Abundance of food and money, and general quiet are the elements of prosperity. The pros pect of the abundant supply of food everywhere, baa scarcely ever been equalled In Europe, I the prospect of the harvest is fine, and very low prices of food. The amount bullion in the Bank of England is about £16,000,000, and the amount in the Bank ofFrance is about the same, and the rate of interest is very low. The Bank of England discounts at 2£ percent., but negotiations out of doors are made at 1£ per cent, per annum. Bpatn repose* from her long continued wars—lrish disturbances and distress are no more heard of, and the world is at peace, ' save that little kingdom of Denmark and one of her Duchies, which affair will surely ere long in j some way be compromised The policy of na tions is turned towards peace. Then consider ing that in no event can the supply of Cotton equal the demand for the manufacturers from it, and that it is sustained by all the most powerful influences, 1 consider that the range of prices another year must be high. It may go above any thing we have known for many years. In making this enunciation, I cannot forbear to call your attention to my remarks on the subject of prices in my Circular of 9th January, 1849- “Bright skies arejnow decidedly before us, the diminished consumption of the past two years leaves all the markets hare of manufactures, and with the restoration of confidence in France, &c. will have a tendency to advance and sustain prices of the present season, and I may noic ven ture the opinion, that prices another year, will he greater than they may reach this. The era of low prices is, in my opinion, positively passed.’’ At the date of that Circular, Middlings were quoted at 5Jc they went on advancing last year till they touched 7,8, 9, and 10 c. and this year they huve ranged at 10 to 12-ic. The latter is the quotation to-day, with an advancing ten dency. Gratified as I sincerily am, that I feel warran ted in piacing before you so encouragiug a pic ture of the future, compared with the present prices—as it has been a promiminent object of my Circulars, to keep before you the method by which we might attain this position, and by which we may also secure its progress and con tinuance, pardon a few remarks suggested by that desire. 1 have shown above, that the enormous receipts of Cotton last business year 1848-9, (2,729,000 hales,) sold for $77,000,000, and that thecrop of this year 1849-'SO, of about 2,090,000 hales has been sold for $107,000,000 —that is, a crop of from 640,000 to 650,000 hales this, less than that of last year has sold for $30,000,000 more. Now is the time rapidly to multiply your advantages. Cast around you en ergetically for new modes ofirivegting your ac cumulated and accumulating capital. Invest in Cotton Factories, Iron Forges, Coal Mines, Rail Roads, timber getting, &c. Some may fear that while Cotton is high, manufacturing might not be so profitable. IfCotton Factories were fos tered and multiplied in number elsewhere, while Cotton was high, and with machinery so far in the rear of all the late improvements, you surely have no cause now to fear. If you are uncertain what styles of goods to manufacture, prepare to spin it only. The machinery does not cost much, and the operation is simple. 61,000,000 pounds—equal to about 320,000 of your bales Cotton—of Cotton Yarns, were imported last year from Great Britain, and all the yarns her manufacturers weave up, they purchase from the spinners, who are distinct operators from the weavers. Ilcnce, were you to spin up the whole crop of Alabama into the required numbers,your demand here for it would be as good as it is for your Cotton, at about double the price for a pound of the spun over the raw Cotton. In conclusion ailuwme to recommend, that alj these enterprises be entered in the shape of Stock itol, very great advantage. To this system of asso' dating enterprise, labor and money, is to be as cribed the rapidly increasing wealth of England Massachustts, New Y r ork, Sic., and admits, you will perceive, ofa multiplication, almost indefi nite. To illustrate : with your bona fide capital and labor you start a factory. Ten stockholders have each SIO,OOO in it—in operation it pays them, say about 16 per cent, —they desire to build another—they take their Stock, those rich old gentlemen who do not care to embark in those things, and ask to borrow tiioir money on it— they gladly lend it at say 8 per cent.—well, the parties goon and build another, and each factory pays a dividend of 16 per cent, which together is 32 per cent-—take the 8 per cent off, they pay for money borrowed, and it yet leaves 24 per cent profit on the capital ol SIO,OOO thev each own. You may continue operation so that conveniently one mart may hold $50,000 to SIOO,OOO stock, with only a capital of SIO,OOO in the beginning —receivingdividends on each,double as large as the interest he has to pay. By this system of increasing manufactures, you afford employment to the unproducing part of our population invite emigration, and doing all this, it besides attracts labor from Cotton producing, thereby checking supply, and consequently augmenting its value. You will find the money at 7 to 8 per cent, inte rest much faster and quicker than you can get your machinery manufactured and put np Interested as Cotton planters are in all advan ces towards improvement, 1 am sure, you will be gratified to understand that our city is showing evidences of recovery from the heavy shock her merchants rceeived by the almost total loss ofall their capital or credit could command by the rev olution of 1837 and the severe fires of 1839, &c. and vigorous measures are in progess building several important Rail Roads to terminate here. Investments here would pay well. And now renewing my congratulation at your improving prospect with a tender of services for the sale of your Cotton and other produce,Cotton manufactures, Sic., I remain your obedient servant, GEORGE G. HENRY. Nomination. —The following gentle men have been nominated to represent Cobb county in the State Convention, on the Southern Rights Ticket, viz: Gen. John S. Anderson, Maj. John Dunvvody, sen. ; I. N. Heggie, and John F. Arnold Eqs. Souther** Right* Meeting lu Burke Countjr. At a meeting held in VVaynesborough. on the Ist of October, Judge J. W. Cars well was called to the Chair, and R. S. Scruggs and J. R. Sturges appointed Secretaries. The object of the meeting having been explained, Dr. E. L. Antony introduced the following Preamble and Resolutions, which were adopted : Whereas, the Governor of Georgia, in obedience to an act of the last Legislature, past by an almost unanimous vote, has con voked a Convention ot the people of the btate, to deliberate upon the course which it becomes them to pursue in view of the late action of Congress, by which a glar ing aggression has been made upon the honor und rights of the slaveholding States; and whereas, both the great political par ties in the State, in their respective Con ventions, have declared that they would re sist the Proviso at every hazard, if applied to tiie territory recently acquired from Mexico, it now becomes the people in their primary assemblies, to express their opinions on the recent acts of Congress; and declare, whether they are for a das tardly submission, or are disposed to seek redress for the past and security for the future. We, therefore, a portion of the people of Burke County to the end that our Del egates to the Convention, may know the opinions and wishes of those whom they are to represent, have adopted the follow ing resolutions: 1. Resolved. That the bills for establish ing territorial governments in Utah and New Mexico, inasmuch as they fail to protect the slaveholder from the operation of ihe Mexican law excluding slavery, said by Messrs. Clay, Websier, Cass, and o thers, advocates of these bills, to be still in full force, as fully and efficiently exclude the South from these territories, as could be done by literal enactment of the Pro viso. 2. Resolved, That by the admission of California into the Union, under a Consti tution formed by a small number of tran sient adventurers, Congress /taj interven ed against the South, and given life and validi y to the prohibition of slavery, other wise null and void, and we fully ag:ee with our distinguished Senator, Judge Berrien, in the declaration that,‘‘if is the same tiling as if Congress had interposed the Proviso themselves.’' 3. Resolved, That we agree with the people of the North, in the opinion, that the act of Congress abolishing the slave trade in the District of Columbia, is but the first step to the abolition of slavery in all places under the jurisdiction ofthe general government, and constitutes an other act ofinvidious and unconstitutional discrimination against our property and institutions. 4. Resolved, That these acts unerringly indicate the deliberate determination of. he free States to persevere in their hostility to our rights and interests, and subject us to a degrading inferiority ; and that we see nothing in the state of public opinion in those States, to induce the belief that even a tame submission to present wrongs, will secure us against future and more destructive aggression. 5. Resolved, That the recent acts of Con gress, of which we c nnplain are substan tially such as the people of Georgia in their party conventions and legislative bodies, have most solemnly and repeatedly de clared they would resist at‘every haza d,’ and that a tarne submission to these acts in the face of such pledges w ill place Georgia h fore the Uuion and the world in a position so humiliating that her sorts may well blush to own her. 6. Resolved, That we will leave it to ihe wisdom ofthe Convention, to dev se the mode and measure of redress, pledging ourselves to sustain and measure which it may recommend, if it secures the rights and interes sos the people *-f Georgia. 7. Re o, ved, That our thanks be tendered to our dis'inguished Senator,the H.-n. John McPherson Berrien, for the able and pa tiiotic manner in which he has defended Southerußightsand Southern Institutions, during the late session of Congress. On motion of A. Mackenzie, Esq, a com tnittee of five were appointed to nominate delegates to the State Convention, by whom the following gentlemen were re ported, and accepted by the meeting: Edmund Palmer W. W. Hughes, Jno. C. Poytbress, Jno. Whitehead. The following resolution was then adop ted by the meeting: Resolved, That the citizens of Burke county tender to the Hon. Jno. McPherson Berrien, a Public Dinner, at Waynesboro’, as a testimony of their entire approbation of his patriotic course in support of the Constitution and Equal Uighss, during the late session of Congess, and that a com mittee of five heappointed to communicate with him, and ascertain when it will suit his convenience to attend, and that an ad ditional committee of fifteen he appointed to make the necessary arrangements for the Dinner. Under the above resolution, the follow ing gentlemen were appointed Committee of Invitation: R. S. Scruggs, J. F. Lawson, Dr. E. L. Antony, M. D. Jones, J. R. Slurges. And the ftdlowing gentlemen Com mittee of Arrrangeinents: Col. A. H. Anderson, Joseph A Shu make, M. D. Jones, Robt. Wall, E. Wil liams, J. T. Brown, A. Mackenzie, Joseph B. Jones, Wm. Byne, M. P. Greene, A lexander Murphy, Dr.E L. Artfnoy,Amos Wiggins, E. Palmer,and G. B. Powell. The meating then adjourned. JNO. W. CARSWELL, Chairman. R. S. Scruugs, 1 at *d > Secretaries. Jno. R. SrcRGES, J Frm the Federal Union. The Mass Meeting In Cherokee. A recent, hasty tour through gome of the upper counties ofthe State,gave usan opportunity of being present at this gathering of the people. The Courts in DeKatb and Murray being in ses sion, prevented the attendance of many from those counties, but notwithstanding the assent, blage was as large as had been anticipated.— Between two and three thousand persona were present, enough certainly to exempt the meeting from being regard a* “a failure’' Col. Young of Cass, presided, assisted by several Vice Presi dents from varions portions of the State. The first speaker intreduced to the meeting was Col. H. L. Benning, of Columbus. For more than an hour lie enchained his audiance by a cool, deliberate, argumentative speech. He first demonstrated with great clearness and force, that the abolition of slavery was the grand object aimed at by the people ofthe North ; lie then with equal clearness and force, proved that, having the will, they would soon have the übilityo to effect their purpose. After having exposed the consequences to the people of the South; the slaveholder and the nonsluveholder, of abolition, showing that the negro race could not be exported, but must remain on Southern soil, he glanced at some of the remedies that had been suggested, contending that all within the constitution should be exhausted, such as non-intervention, &c., before any be yond and without the constitution should be re sorted to. Mr. Benning was followed by Mr. Cowart of Cherokee in one of the most practical efficient speeches we ever listened to. During its delivery, the speaker was frequently inter, rupted, by bursts of applause,conclusive! v show, ing that the indignation he evinced at the wrongs and injuries ot the South, struck a corresponding chord in the hearts of his hearers. He suggested no remedy, but insisted that remedies could be found within the pale of the constitution, und that it was the true courso, to send to the Con vention the best men, and leave it to them to prescribe the remedy. Mr. Stiles of Cass, was next introduced. In a manner which we have never heard surpassed, he recounted the wrongs that for a series of years had been inflicted by the North upon the South —the unequal taxation and inequality of its distribution as well as the utter disregard on the part of the North, of all the compromises of the Constitution on the subject of slavery lie regarded the people of the South as slaves, me nials worthy the manacles forging for them, if they should submit to the indignities heaped upon them. In discussing the remedy, he insist ed that it could be found, not out of, but within the Constitution, and that non-intercourse was constitutional, practicable, and would prove efficient. After Mr. Stiles had cloesed, the company adjourned to a Barbacue, admirably gotten up, and which was discussed with no ordinary zest In the afternoon, the crowd again gathered around the Speakers' stand, and for nearly two hours, were entertained by Judge Colquitt, by one of his ablest and most efficient efforts. The Judge, evidently felt, in all their length and breadth the fearful consequences, of the momen tous issues he was discussing, and was conse qently more grave and argumentative than in his usual partizan efforts. His speech was lis tened ro with profound attention, and its senti ments found a lodgement in the hearts oftnost of his hearers. In adverting to the various remedies that had been suggested, he expressed the ardent hope, that one could he found available, that would protect the rights and honor ofthe South and at the same time, preseve in its pristine purity theconstitution, and the integrity of the Union. He feared however, none such could be found, and that the only remedy that would prove efficient, was a withdrawal from those who had the power and the will to oppress us. Ibis however,he suid, was only his opinion and he was ready to co operate with those who differed with him, and try any other expedient that promised success. At the conclusion of judge Colquitt's speech, Mr. Bniythe ofthe Augusta Republic, closed the exercises of the day, in a brief, eloquent and pertinent address, replete with that devotion to the South which characterizes the journal over which he presides. The results of this meet ing can not be otherwise than salutary to the cause of Southern rights. A series of resolutions w ere adopted, breathing that (me spirit—that the aggressions of the North must be resisted,and that the mode and measure of redresssiiouid be left,exclusively,aficrmutu al consultation, to the Convention. i he demonstrations at this Mass Meeting con clusively prove one thing; that the demagogues wfio have strived to array the non owners of slaves in favor of submission have signally failed and that this class of the population are the truest of any to Southern rights and Southern honor. They canno he hoodwinked. They know that when the slave population shall he let loose among them, tl.a; the lordly owner of hundreds of hi-ni,u nli his pockets well lined by the products ol their labor, can and will remove to hut that they must remain and become :he associates and equals if not inferior of the African race They know what is true’, that of all parties,they have the deepest interest in the issue which the North has tendered to the South. They know their rights and their in terests, and are determined to maintain them. THE MEETING AT KINGSTON. The following are the Resolutions which were adopted unanimously at the Mass Meeting held at Kingston, on the 26th ult. Resolved, That the people of Georgia are, in the opinion of this meeting, pledg ed to some effective mode of resistance to the encroachments of the North upon their just and constitutional rights. Resolved, Thai the State is not commit ted to any particular inode or measure of redress, and that in the opinion of this meeting, it is the object of the Convention, to be convened on the lOth of December next, to deliberate upon, and recommend to the people of Georgia some such mode and measures “f redress, as they may be lieve adequate to secure and perpetuate to them and their postetity, their rights and liberties. Resolved, That any mode and measure of redress which the Convention may re commend should he submitted to the peo ple themselves for their ratification or re jection. , Resolved, That the true issue to be de termined by the people in the election of Delegates to the Convention is—uncondi tional submission, or some manly and effec tive mode of resistance. Resolved, That we are irreconcilably opposed to submission. IIP" The Natchez Free Trader states, that a telegraphic despatch has been re ceived in that criy from Vicksburg, an nouncing that Governor Quitman was in the act of writing his proclamation to con vene the Legislature of Mississippi by the 20(h inst. MACON, G A. SATURDAY AFTERNOON, OCT. 5 SOUTHERN RIGHTS MEETING The Friends of Southern Rights are re quested to assemble at the Court House in Macon, THIS DAY, at 11 o'clock, A.M, for the purpose of nominating candidates for the State Convention. Several Addresses may he expected, and a general attendance is desirable. Maeon, Oct. 5, 1850. ffTYVe are indebted to the Hun. John M Bfkrikn and P. Soct.x, for valuable public doc uincnts, &c. Latest for Ecrop*.-TheSteamer C.mlri, has arrived bringing Liverpoo dates to the Slit ult., showing an advance of from 4d to Jd and even R per lb. on Cotton. The sales 0 f the week were 60,000 bales. This new. hascaus cd a slight advance here. FF’The population of Macon,and suburbs, is set down by the Census taker, at 7,416. Nam ber of inhabitants within the limits of the Cor poration 5,952-315 resiede in East Mac0n, 5,637 west of the River. Vineville contains a popula tion of 850 souls. STATE of THE COTTON trade. We insert in another column an interesting letter of Mr. G. G. Hknrt, of Mobile, on the subject of Cotton, which will be read with inte rest no doubt. The prospects of the present crop are certainly very gloomy and it will inev itably be a short one. The London Economist contains an interest ing article upon the past, present and future state of the Cotton Trade It save : “It is cal. culutid that upwards of 4,000,000 of personsde. pend directly upon this trade and ail it* branch es.” Amfrica* Cotton Crop. 1835- 1,367,225 1842—3 2,378,875 1836- 1,422,930 1813—4 2,030,409 1837- 1,801,497 1 844—5 2,394,503 1838- 1,360,532 1c45—6 2,100,537 1839- 2,177,835 1846-7 1,778,651 1840- 1,632,945 1847—8 2,347,634 1841- 1,684,211 1848—9 2,728,596 Average 1,635,596 Average 2,251,315 Average crop of the last seven years exceeds that of the prior 615,719 bales, and the crop of the last just double that of the first; and the crop of 1848-’!), was more than 1846-7, by 50 per cent. Average consumption in G. Britain of Amer. Cotton for the first 7 years 1,153,219 bales. * For the second period 1,449,399 The largest consump. 1849 1,586,698 The enormous rise in the price of Cotton in the last year, has had no perceptible effect in checking consumption. Stock at close of 1844—5 1,000,000 bales. Stock at close of 1849 558,330 notwithstanding an increased supply of 671,432 bales. In tB4B and the first half of 1849, the price of Georgia Cotton was 3j} to 5d per lb. averaging about 4Jd. At the close of 1849 prices were 5j to GJd. Notwithstanding this great advance, the actual consumption and trade sustained no diminution. At the end of January 1850, Cotton had risen to 6.-} to The average deliveries of Cotton for consump lion from April 1 to August 1, had risen to 37,348 per week, in spite of the steady and large increase of price. Mills which had bepn working short time resumed full work, though Ihe price of Georgia Cotton reached B|<l in July 1850 The greatest rise in the price of Cotton had reduced very much the quantity of heavj coarse goods made, and of course the quantity of cloth made from a given weight of Cotton has h* en grpatly increased, and with this the amount of employment has increased. And it is admitted that the price of yarns and goods has been more satisfactory in 1850 than it was in 1849, notwithstanding the great advance in the raw material This change is attributed to the repeal of the Corn Laws, and the fro trade measures which have opened new mar kets, and extended old marke's for British mao ufactures Stocks in the United States 141,28) I hales greater Ist August 1850, than on Ist Aug I 1849; quantity at sea for British ports 51,777 I hales greater in the last year, making together- ■ 193,058 bales more than at the same period the I year preceding. The average deliveries for ■ consumption in Great Britain in 1850, wa531,915 ■ bains per week. g Stocks in G. Britain Aug. 1, '49 @77,500 bales I Do. Do. Aug. I, 'SO 525,700 do I And the stocks of the spinners worked oS- ■ Stock at rate of consumption, equal to 14 weekt, ■ against 23 weeks in the two preceding yearn ■ and against 19 weeks, the last supply for e 'ght I years past. f To the Continent tho supply of Amer. Cotton ■ in 1848, '49, was 883,382 j In 1849, 'SO, 698,372 | Deficiency 185,010 and on the Continent it is well known I" 1 ’ thero was no stock in bands of spinners inerchats. The deficiency in the grain and potfttoc of Great Britain and the Continent, is anl ‘ paled* to act as a controlling influence tok ,! P down tbe price of Cotton. According to the calculations now made, average consumption of 1850 will come oU 30,098 bales per week, which is nearly tl' 8 ’" 8 as 1849. Eatonton Rah.roaiv. —Mr. Bonner, gineer, has completed the survey end rna j estimates for this road. The distance'* to be twenty-one miles. The cost or g j( bridging and superstructure he estim* 11 $.131,000. This is less than had - been ted. Slock to the amount, we learn, roady been, taken rn Putnam. The Ce ,f road takea stock to the amount of the the iron. Tlm» the people of Putnam |f energetic action, are not likely much 0 r|| ,,. r einain in an isolated condition. late them on their brightened prospect ern Recorder , 21 th ultimo.