Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

Viented in his dreams. There werfc specimens of aomnia voluptariu pneter naturam. Ocn. 2.—Somnia turbuleuta. Under w'hich I wish to comprehend all those dreams whicli partake of the third order in being the direct'or reverse reiterations of no preceding impression or configuration of ’the organs Of sense ; bat are dependant on internal motions during sleep and are in their nature turbulent or distressing. The Hallucinations (or errors of imagination it I may so call them) accompanying fever, as well as the imaginary ideas which occur during sleep and are unlike any configuration we may before have experienced, are owing to the influence ol febrile action internally on the organs of sense in those and on internal actitfn-froirt some influencing cir cumstance which has at this time a stimulating eftcct on the animal system—in these, therefore, we observe great analogy between the two cases. Hence in these we usually, may 1 not say al ways; (when we dream of things not the direct rior reverse configurations of preceding impres sions and which arc in their nature inconsistent with the true nature of things) observe some cause exciting a strong influence on the system. Thus for instance, on sleeping in the afternoon, after having dined heartily on beef, onions, &c. or early at night, after having sapped on sausage, which stimuli of themselves produce a tempoia- ry fever, or if we drop a sleep during a lever which is not high enough to give delirium the Waking state, We are almost always aroused from or greatly distressed in those sleeps with frightful, turbulent, unnatural dreams. In or der to this the system must be in such a state previous to the application of the exciting cause as will best favor the production ol preteruatu- rallyhigh excitement, i. e. in a state of usually healthy excitement, not debilitated. In this sleep we observe starting and restlessnes'j these are indications that the stomach and bowels are thrown into unusual irritation (as by bile or xvofms) by the stimulus of diet, and the increas ed irritation by sympathy, extends to some of the contractile fibres, liml by producing such a de gree of excitement as to cause pain, excites into action a portion of that voluntarily, which should at this time be at rest, to relieve the pain; hence we find, the organs of sense thi own into unnato- ral and extiaoidinary motions, which sonstitute horrid dreams. I have often on going to sleep with a little fever, in degree so slight that 1 should observe it from no other symptom,detect ed it bv a peculiar dream, and one which defies all description, except to those who have expe rienced it. It is a visible one and is accompani ed with sorrow or dread. When my fever has been so high as almost to produce delirium, or when I have been sorely excited during the wak ing hours by laborious and unpleasant exertions of mind, as in sustaining unfortunate passions, as when I have suffered from anger, sorrow, re venge, impatience, ike. I luve been able to close my eyes and view it, or open them and banish it at pleasure. In this dream, there are alter nately the ideas of great rugosity, contraction and obscurity, and of evenness in appearance ; great tenuity and extention, white, yellow or clouded, but of what kind of matter it seems to consist I am not able to sav. It seems.however, to exert an engaging influence on the mind, and gives, as 1 before mentioned, in its original nature, nn- pleirsant sensations or impressions of sorrow or grief; but in my latter years, while care has wearied my mind by thousands of unpleasant sensations bv day, 1 have amused myself pleas antly with this dream at night, inasmuch as it lias been associated with the happy state of for- merdavs, when 1 was void of care and guilt, and rested innocently in toe arms ot my fond and nnxious parents. On viewing (if I may be allow ed the expression) the prospect this dream offers, I have been often lead to the field ol our best afid most numerous pleasures, viz. the connex ion of association with the infantile state. 1 find when this curious configuration is taking possession of my mind, a dread is excited that the hold will become so strong as to be irrepul- «ive, and it seems to me, that I reflect on the power of voluntary exert junto prevent or check it, and sometimes determine to use exertion, and do thereby check it by restoring the exer cise of volition, and it will return again on clos ing my eyes, as soon as the suspension of voli tion recommences. There are other dreams which are the images of things long »:nce per ceived, whicli seem to he re-excited by certain circumstances and causes, as when I drop asleep a little fatigued or with a little lever, 1 dream of Market-street in Philadelphia, the configuration being correct as to the view of the houses, pave ment, markets, throng of people—the distant view of the centre square on the Delaware, &c. Whether such dreams as these should belong to the Sd wd. or should compose a fourth, 1 am at th is time unable to say $ but I am rather of o- pinion they should make a 4th ord. inasmuch as they do not come strictly under direct nor re verse reiterations, nor somnia extraordiuaria vel sine excmplo; for the two first orders suppose the cause to have lately existed, and the (bird supposes the configuration to be sine excmplo.— On this head, however, I shall forbid to say any tiling mop;. MOKPIIEUS. Mnnticello, Ga. August, 1818. TOPOGRAPHY. NEW TOWNS IN THE WEST, &c. There is an astonishing rage at the present day for the establishment of new towns. Does a man possess a tract of land convenient to riv er navigation, if he be a man of enterprise, he starts the plan of a town—lays off" his lauds in to lots, and expects to make his fortune by sell ing out. Happy is he, that owns a beiid be tween two rivers! what pains to puff its situa tion ! to dress it off with every advantage of health, navigation, and fertility, which the most plastic imagination can supply. We lay it down as a rule, that where this spirit or speculation rages, sume persons are to be benefitted and o- thers to be bit—it is time we think, to put the public upon their guard. The Philadelphia Un ion has collected a list of these rising towns as they have been advertised froth which the fol lowing general summary is extracted. Jlmerica-—between "the Ohio and the Missis sippi ; on the North West bank of the former— equal to any spot on the habitable globe.” The legislature of Illinois has given it a charter. “ authorising a canal from the Mississippi to the Ohio, and the priviledge of banking with a cap ital of one million of dollars!” Note. '1 lie bank is to make money, and then the money is to make a bank or Icevee to protect the town ft* i inundation. Surely the uses ol banking are infinite in this world ! Independence.—On a bluff on Kaskaskia river —“ in the heart of a fertile country and a flour ishing settlement”—recommended as the future capital of the Illinois. • . < ; Cotton 1’urt.—On the west batik of Limesfiipe river, one mile above its junction with the Icu- ncssee— 11 high and dry, and promises to, be as heal thy as any other place in the Alabama Ter ritory”—about 100 miles to tire falls of tire Black Warrior, to which “ as good a road can probably be had, as from any place on Tennessee river”—thus opening the way direct to the Gulf of Mexico. Its name, however, speaks its best recommendation—being the natural depot ot one of the first cotton districts north of the Tennes see. Mount Carmel.— In the Illinois Teiritory— about 25 miles below Vincennes, and 25 above the White Hiver and Patoka, at the foot of the Grand Rapids—“ the principal travelling from Ohio and Kentucky (by Louisville, Ike.) to the Mississippi and Missouri, will cross at the ferry.” Pointopnlh.—On the Ohio river, at the mouth of H , Indian Creek, to be connected with point Pleasant bv an elegant frame bridge now erect ing—situation “ is highly, advantageous, sur rounded by rich and flourishing plantations,” grist and saw mills, &c. tkc. The proprietors are men of great public spirit, having laid off - a large square for public buildings, besides two large market places, and an extensive promen ade, and pledging themselves to give a consider able sum of money towards tire erection of pub lic works. City of Sandusky.—On the south shore of Suuduskv bay, about 8 miles from its entrance, • on a site of ground as beautiful, and surround ed by as fine a cnuntiy of land as can be found in tire United States—second to n lie in West ern America, except the city of New Orleans, and in point of health greatly its superior.” High praise this ! Malaga.—On the dividing ridge between Cap- itana and Snnfish Creeks, in Monroe county, State of Ohio—“ tire fertility of the soil, salubri ty of the air, excellence of its waters, abund ance of stone coal,” (the four elements combili ed !) a part only of its recommendations. Then follow on the towns in the Alabama— struggling for superiority i dtliens.—In the centre of Limestone county, on the main road from Huntsville to the western countries, to the Muscle Shoals, and to New Or leans—its local situation, and its superior salu brity, are strougly urged upon the consideration of purchasers—at the government sale, the lands Limestone county brought from JO to 70 dol lars per acre. “ Situated in tire heart of a coun- whicli“ delights the eye with the beauties! of nature, while it exhilarates the soul with the prospect of plenty.” A canal is now cutting rouiid the falls to open a communication between the small and large craft. Boats carrying from 40 to 60 hogsheads of tobacco, flour, $c. pass from tlie .falls to Norfolk, a distance ot about 210 miles by water ; produce has come down 200 miles above the falls. Haywood.—Is “ near the centre” of North- Carolina, at the confluence of the Haw and Deep rivers, “ convenient to the greatest part of the tobacco and wheat company which now trades to the Cape Fear.” The Cape Fear Nav igation Company have commenced the improve ment of the river about Fayetteville, and expect that within less than two years a commodious navigation will be opened to Haywood for boats carrying fifty hogshead of tobacco, etc. It is in tins way that towns are springing up in every thriving part of the country—some ol them generated by the spirit of improvment, but others, it is to be apprehended-, by that ol specu lation. To ascertain whether any particular town is likely to thrive and grow up to the prom ises which are held out, ask these two questions: is there any extensive rich back country to bring to it its broduce as a depot ? 2dly. Is it so situ ated with regard to the sea, as to make it the de pot of foreign goods for (lie supply of a large up per or back country? The first circumstance enriches it with the profits of an export; the sec..ml, of Hie import trade. A combination of both gives it the best chances for prosperty. It is for this reason that New Orleans is destined to be the greatest city on the globe.—fiea vessels and inland boats meet each other at the same point—The fir-t wafting to it the produce ol eve- clime, and the other, tire fruiis ol tire riche-t hack country that ever contributed to the exports of anv one city.—Richmond Enquirer. \y If S‘” bu ’ ar an<1a '«ay» covered wi(W black or deep brown incrustation r chiefly of iron. The internal part of Se l is iif a grayish color, ami of course p"! KI * SJ texture. Chemical analysis has shown > made up principally of iron, sulphur, clay, lime, and silex. 1 hese stones have fill ’ in almost every part of the globe, and of all ■ es, from that of a pea to that of a body u r Sl1 ’ ral yards in diameter. But one instance 0 fnr* * kind has, to my knowledge, occurred in \- England. This is the meteor which burst oveMO* town of Weston in Connecticut, in 1807•* excellent account of which was given to the’ ? lie by professors Silliman and King$|y body of it was computed to have been ,! less than twelve or thirteen hundred feet in j* ametcr. If stones fell from the body which we hi hastily and very superficially described, we ^ anxious to knuw where they fell. \Y e h on *, heat- something on this subject from our f r jLj? in the eastern parts of this state, or iuN. shire. Should we obtain any additional if. formation, which is interesting, relative to t| ’ extraordinary celestial visitor, we shall notfal communicating it to the public. The ; » lr# ■ SCIENTIFIC. The following* account o! a Meieor is from ,he pen ot Professor llall, of M.ddiebury College. A meteor of uncommon magnitude and bril liancy, was observed on Friday evening the 17th ult. by a number of inhabitats of this and the adjacent towns. It made its appearance, accor ding to the most accurate chronometers, at 20 minutes after nine. A gentleman ol this village, standing in his garden, which inclines to the southeast, happened to be loosing towards his house, which was northeast trom him and was surprised by a dazzling iiglit of a peculiar hue, proceeding as lie supposed from the building.— Turning Ins eye round, Ire saw tne object Irom which the light emanated. The luminary was then by estimation, 35 or 40 degrees above the Horizon, and in ail easterly direction from this borough. It appeared of different magnitudes to differ ent individuals. Some allinn, that its apparent diameter was equal to that of the lull moon, which was then rising but a few degrees from it. Oth ers are of opinion that ft was not more than half as large. If either ol these suppositions be near the truth, it must have been a body of immense size; for its distauce was manifestiy very con siderable. taken from the mouths of those who the phenomenon. witnessed f. hall. Jassineyer, professor of chymistry in Yi emi has made the discovery of a means to esirJ from coals two hitherto unknown acids,a resin resinous gum, and other elements, which heli* employed with surprising success to the of dying wool, silk, hair, and linen, and hu produced from them red, black, yellow, and rious shades of brown and grey. Count V® Chorniskv, president of the Anlic Clumber,and many other enlightened judges of these matter were present at these experiments and te-tihtd their entire approbation of this useful disenvw FINE ARTS. curve. Its velocity we are unable correctly to compute. The celerity of its movement was so great, that no person with whom we have couver v . , . ,, . , .... . Its descent many Imagined was in a right line try of incalculable wealth, winch is populating perpendicular to the hunzun. But this could with unparalleled rapidity by affluent emigrants uot | lavc beeil . l t probably fell in a parabolic Irom a distance, it bolds out the greatest induce ment to enterprising and industrious mechan ics.” Culiaba. On tlie western branch of the Ala-^i] bama, at its confluence with the Lal.aba-" will during which it was visible. It coulu not have probab y be the seat of government for the State beell at lliust more thaI1 a ve| .y few seconds, ol Alabama. Its pretentions are set lortli with j \y e have heard its appearance compared to that unexampled modesty. of iron in a furnace, the instant it is beginning Alabama.-On the Alabama river, 10 miles be-L, luse . Sulue itg lig , lt Nvas * ome whut dil- low Fort Jackson, and the junction of the Coosa , - erellt fro|n that ^.-ded b y melting iron, but and 1 alapoosa—“ Irom the ertility ol tl.e soil ot tbat it wa8 more bl i | liant . that section ol country, and the commanding sit-] i'| tree explosions took place while the meteor uatmn o the s - it must vie with any inland , wa8 j,, t | IB | ieuveng . The report was so loud as town m the United States. to be | wa ,.,j b ^ mos t „f th e people in this village. Harana.—On the north side o the I'ennessee [Tire i. uses were jarred ashy a slight earthquake, river, immediately above Colbert’s reserve, with- | Tire sound was thought by some to resemble that in9 m.esof the town ot More.ice, and about ol Heavy thunder. By others, it was compared 8 from Colbert’s terry-,t is “ witmn that sec- tu t | le noise of three cannon discharged in quick succession. A little before the explosions occurred, or ra ther before the report was heard, a brisk scintil lation, or sparkling of tlie meteor, was observed. Particles proceeded from the body, and cor.linu- .. -r . ,. , ed luminous till they had arrived at a cousidera- aie detailed in the highest j b | e distance from it, but gradually growing less y ., . - - ,, and less vivid, till they disappeared. Manym- orence. On the northern banks of the Ten- dividual* saw the l.ght, ulm did not see the Be liver; at the foot ol the Muscle hhouls, meteor. tion of country which was recently sold at Huntsville, when 42 townships brought to the government the unprecedented sum of g 5,000,- 038—some lands sold for 30 to 78 dollars the a- cre.—Its salubrity, contiguity to the rich cotton lands, and many other advantages “ too numer ous to meution “ style. P’lor nessee about a mile above the mouth of Teketakoan ori A gentleman belonging to Whiting, states, Cypress Creek—it, “ scite is an elevated plum, that lie w itnessed the phenomenon during its pas at least 100 feet above the level of the river, dry, commanding and beautiful”—it is “just below the last ol that long series of rapids or s.ialloivs constituting tlie Muscle Shoals ; this, therefore, is & must be the head of steam boat navigation— keels, barges, and steam-boats readily ascend to this point, but no higher”—smaller boats must be used for tire Shoals, “ which are upwards of 20 miles in length”—thus it promises to be the entrepot ot foreign goods for the whole of upper Tennessee—.the valley of the river is “ among tlie most fertile and beautiful in America ; tire soil is ot the first grade of excellence”—cotton, the staple—the climate is “ in the happy mere- tliau between the too hot and the too cold,” &c. 1 ire trustees are to reserve squares lor several public purposes ; as a College, Female Semina ry. Oj-c. eye. Jackson.—In the territory of Missouri, be tween the eastern and wesferu branches of the creek Zenon, about 10 miles from the Mississip pi, 50 from tlie mouth of Ohio, HO from St, Lou is. Tlie soil round it is fertile, finely timbered, tkc. Tlie farmers raise wheat, corn flax, tobacco; *yc. and manufacture about 40,000 w t. of maple sugar. The several towns, that are springing tip on the Roanoke and its branches, like so Aiany Pis- ahs, are scarcely noticed in the summary be- ,age from near tire zenith till it was totally ex tinguished ; that he saw it three times violently agitated, so, to use his own language, " as to turn overthat at each agitation or leap, its bulk diminished; and that shortly after the third the luminary wholly disappeared ; that, at the time of these agitations, he heard three distinct reports. It was probably the light sent forth at the second explosion, which was observed by tlie gentleman mentioned, who was standing in tlie garden. He also heard the report, but imagined that not more than three minutes intervened be tween the flash and the time the sound reached his ear. Other gentlemen of this village sup pose, that the intervening could not have been short of five minutes. Though tiie motion of this, as well as all other meteors, is rapid, (and they have been seen to move one thousand miles in a minute) it is well known that the motion of sound is comparative ly slow, passing over less than thirteen miles in a minute. Supposing the intervening time to have been five minutes, the meteor, when it ex ploded, must have been sixty five miles distant from this place. If the interval was fifteen mi nutes, its distance must have been about two hundred miles. We cannot doubt, tbat, at the moment of the sans, me scarcely iiuucea in me summary oe- abovementioned agitations, stones, denominated fore us.—But one is brought forward by name. meteoric, were projected from the principal mass Manattick.—In Halifax county, N. C. inline- and precipitated to the earth. Such, we believe diatelv at the foot of the lower falls on Roanoke | is universally the fact with meteors, which ex river, on its south bank—spreads over a plain I plode in the atmosphere, These stones are usual- ExIntel of a Iritci* from an American TliMcim nwin' London, to i.i* friend in New-York, “ Mr. West received me kindly—IVeelv«(.' fered me every assistance—asked me tnacW pany him to see his pictures, Fall Mall, when iiis fate one (I)ealh on the Pale Horse) is now ex- hibited, and shewed me many interesting m of tire city—such as the residence of i^r baa; Newton, ami where he made his observafat calculations, etc.—described the walks he ml \ ly took, the house in which sir Joshua Reynolds lived, and tlie room in which he puinted, where Dr. Johnson used to frequent, etc. He asktj . many questions about our country—the stateo{ the arts—bow* academies were conducted: hi | gave me much information of the schools in Ki- rope. From his paintings in Pall Mall, he took me to Mr. Day’s exhibition of paintingsandsia, tues in the king’s mews, where Ire shewed bi ] some ot what he stated were the finest specimen ol ancient and modern art, to wit, tlie worksd Phidias and ol Michael Angelo, The Theseui a cast from the original; among the Elgin cd lection in the British museum. Mr. West toll me to “ look at the first work he had eversces- every thing else is system—this is nature-il looks not ns if made but willed." The llysus isitM the side Of it, and ranks next to the Itas. some think it equal if not superior. These were j mere outside ornaments, from the pediment o( the Parthenon at Athens. They are much bn* ken and corroded by time and the exposure d, centuries; but the outline and contour of ik torsos are perfect. Their defects have been at- [ tempted to be supplied In tlie greatest English .sculptors, but the least addition of theirs madr r them look worse than (lie mutilated figures.—1 In Mr. Day’s collection, is a cast from a coins* sal figure ot, as some suppose, Alexander’stnnii| his horse Bucephalus ; others think it an Ajai— Mr. West thinks it either Castor nr Pollux,fro* I the circumstance ol the horse being grouped wifk it. It is near 20 feet high, (if perfectly credit | would he that) and done by Phidias, estcend I one of the finest of the kii.d ever seen. Thco-'f riginnl was brought with the Elgin marbles. Mr. W'est saw it when it was perfect, but it accident in its conveyance one side of its Iona jaw was broken. Struck with tlie excellence of the statues of which I have be.en speaking, and convinced fie® (he remarks of such inen as Mr. W’est of tkeir superiority, l have obtained pretty correct id*' ination respecting the value of cfe-t- from to and ascertained the amount for which they entid he procured. Mr. West, whose advice I to* again taken this day, savs lie wishes that alM the Theseus, llyssus, and the horse's liead,iH works of Phidias, should be introduced intoo*» country.” Portrait of Columbus.—A copv of an nrifistl Painting of this great man has been presented]* the Pensvlvania Academy of Arts, by Richud VV. Meade. E -quire, a gentleman not less dis tinguished for liberality than fur palriotick W‘ ing.—During his residence in Madrid, in having ascertained that the Duke of Vcmgnts. the descendant of Columbus, and the present possessor of his Estates and Titles, had an on* ginal portrait of his illustrious ancestor, W« Meade, tl n ougli a person of considerable im™ - ence, obtained permission to have it copied. work has been done by one of the best Painty of the Royal Academy, and is believed to be tw only copy ever taken from the original. WANTED, V YOUNG man to keep BAR, to whom lib* - ral wages will be given.—None need appj without good recommendations. 3. HOCSStiC* NOTICE. N 'INE months after date, application w " _ made to tlie Court of Ordinary, of M 0 ^? county, for leave to sell the real estate ri liam B. W’alls, deceased, for the benefit oft®* heirs and creditors of said estate, MATHEW COCimAM.ad'r* March 2,1817,