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mites, to the valley of Mint crook, down]
■whic h it descends by successive locks till it
falls into the Seneca river* nppdlite Monte
zuma. On the east side of the Seneca, it 11-
gain rises by 3 locks, and passes the summit
in Camillas, in Onondaga county, where ii
again descends by 1 lock to the level of the
plain south of Salina. Here it again rises
by 3 locks to the Rome level, on which it
passes about 60 miles to Utica. Below this
it follows the valley of the Mohawk, keeping
between the river and hill, locking down
as the face of the land requires, to the Hud
son river.
Lake Erie is 564,85 feet higlivr than the
Hudson river at Albany, and 14-2 1-2 feet
higher than the long level between Salina
and Utica.
T|ie fall from Buffalo to Seneca river is
194 feet, with 25 locks ; the rise from there
to the summit to Camillus, is 27 feet with 4
a;lass, to the extent uf between 40 ami 50 miles
(as he supposes) across the great polar ocean,
which was more open than when be was in lat.
31, last year. There were indeed, large islands
of Haw ice floating about: but be is sure the sen
was navigable, without great difficulty, as far as
the eye could reach, But the ice was running a-
hore, and accumulating in large masses on the
northern coast of Spitsbergen. Indeed, it would
undoubtedly appear, that the discovery ships have
been obliged to abandon the attempt to navigate
the sea between Greenland and Spitsbergen.
Capt. It. savs, that, when he left the sea, there
was an immense accumulation of field and flaw
ice, stretching almost from shore to shore. He
quitted the vicinity of Spitsbergen about the
15th of Mar, anil directed his course towards
Greenland. About the middle of June, being in
lat. rs,120 miles from land, as nearly as he can
judge, the weather very rainy, with a thick tog,
lie spoke an Aberdeen whale fishing ship, the
of a natural curiosity in the state of Ohio, and
rest assured I shall give you nothing exaggerat
ed. On the north cast branch of Duck creek, in
lat. 38 deg. 39 min. is an Oil Spring. This is one
of the greatest curiosities in nature: it is in the
form of a well, which is about seven feet from
the edge of the creek. It has been accurately
ascertained to be forty-two feet deep from the sur
face of the ground to the bottom, and is three
feet in diameter at the top. The oil boils up
continually, like the boiling of a large soap kettle
anil runs into the creek in a small stream. It is
white as sperm, oil of the bead of a sperm, whale.
The quantity which rises is about five barrels a
week. 1 followed the creek up and down near
ly three miles, and found it completely covered
with oil. I found an old ladle lying near it, which
I dipped into the oil and forced it down into the
water, and found the oil to be three feet deep.
1 drew out with the ladle as fine salt water as I
ever tasted in the ocean. I then tried the good
ness of the oil, and found it to burn clear and
A boy, a few weeks since, in order to
master of which Imd seen the discovery ships on
the 10th of June, in lat. 80 and went on board [ bright.
locks ; the fall to the Salina plain is 10 fret j with his log bonk. He was informed bv the offi- ascertain whether oil would burn on water, loucii-
witb 1 lock ; fisc to Rome level 28 feet with 3 | ers, that they had explored in every direction to j eil a fire brand to that on the creek. Instantly
locks; fall to Schohairc, and which level the west of fspitzbergen for a passage northward ] it was in a tremendous blaze, which ascended
may be earned to the bill above Albany, | of, but could not get half a degree farther than , 200 feet in the air, nearly a mile up and down the
129,85 feet with 45 locks; fall to the level
of the fiver 285,50 fret, with 30 locks ; total
fisc and fall 675,10 feet, 78 lo< ks.
Should the canal end in a bason on the
’uill west of Albany, and he connected with
the river by an im lined plane, as is common
in Europe, where a great descent occurs in |
sv short distance, the total rise and fall would
be reduced to 391 feet, and the locks to 48.
The distance from Buffalo to Seneca river
is 163 miles 2 1-2 chains. From Seneca ri
ver to Utica, the part now in rapid course of
execution, is about 93 miles. From there to
Albany 97 miles 27 chains. Making in the
wh 'lc 3.' 3 mi!"s 97 chains.— V. /£. Gulavy.
they were. Tltev were steering 8. W. when last; stream. 1 saw limbs of trees, which were near-
seen. Whether they might not find it practica- ly tot) feet, burnt off as smooth as if the blaze of
file to pas, between Spit/.bergen and Nova Zem-! i furnace hud struck them. The sine!! ot the oi
bla, is another question. Their S. W. course! very much resembles that of British oil.
would induce us to think they did not intend try
ing at that ti ne. From all this, there is much
St. Louis, Sept. 4.—A gentleman informs us
ance of u-n-of literary eminence, and iu„„,
is contemplated to be embellished with J T # '»
gravings, by Mr. G. Lansing. R & 1
number will contain 64 pages, at 84 in tnonl %
nuin.—JV. T. Columbian. 5 I* r
An.argument on the proper manner ,,
mg an oath on the Holy Kvangeli s ; s . su w t#li-
to have been made by Nicholas Trott V
justice of South Carolina, in the year
Curious as an instance of the extent of -u•
al learning at that period. assic ‘
ON MODERN POETRY.
In every work regard tlie writer’s ciul *
Since none can compass more than thej Intend
Parnassus, at present, is divided into rZT*
lored fields of separate Hues, wliicli, at a tlistan°°*
give it the appearance of a corn country, n •
may be compared to a chess board, where a lu
deal depends upon the dexterous moves of’th.
booksellers. The poets themselves have ti ■
respectivejattributps as distinct & settled as
of the nine muses. Walter Scott should never'h!
painted without the herald’s office in the u
ground, at least When he sits as poet. Lord I)
run should be presented dining in state, noon t
own heart, before a numerous and delimited *
sembly. Mr. Moure should be drawn with**
rose in one hand, and a bu I finch perched on./
other. Mr. Crabbe sweeping a dirty garret ail
shaking his head philosophically over everysu»
■ii tlie floor, while a volume of Malthus peepsoet
aopareot cau-e for regret, that the expedition did ! that before the winter sets in, there will be near I from his pocket. Campbell, cleansing Jcihnsoa'i
•' 1 ' id in this town since the 1st of dictionary ot inelegant words, until it i 5 re,!,,.
by the opening which captain Ridley found.
DOMESTIC.
FOREIGN.
Extract of a letter from Valparaiso, dated 5th of May,
1818, to a gentleman in Salem, Maas.
The U. States’ sloop of war Ontario, captain
Biddle, returned here a few days ago from Lima,
with judge i’rovost on board, who accompanied
captain Biddle in his mission, also some patriot
officers, who are to be exchanged for a like num
ber of Spaniards, taken at the battle of Maipu.
This is'the first regular exchange that has taken
place since the revolution in this courttry, and it
js certainly owing to the humane interference of
captain Biddle and judge Provost. By the Onta
rio the loss of the battle of Maipu was first
known, and which dismayed the citizens of Li
ma, as they hail been led to believe that the army
of general Osoro would soon reconquer Chili, as
no expense bad b"en spared in equipping it. They
alone contributed 1 1-2 millions of dollars. The
«et out sooner; as then they might have 3.000,000 of brick laid
coasted Spitzbergen, and entered toe polar basin j April last, and he believes from a general acqiiain
tance with the citizens, that double that quantity
would be laid this season if materials ami work
men could be obtained on moderate terms. Boards
and scantling are enormously high and extremely
scarce. Half a dozen saws propelled by steam
could be profittably employed here Common la
borers are much wuiited, and none can be bad tor
less than St 50 per day for the season throughout.
A few laborers from the eastward have been en
abled to secure to themselves 100 acres ol laud,
EXPEDITION TO 1'liE YELLOW STONE.
On Saturday the 30th inst. a battalion of the
rifle regiment, 300 strong, embarked at Belle-
Fontaiue to ascend the Missouri river to the
mouth of the Yellow Stone. The expedition is
commanded by Lieut. Col. Talbot Chambers.
Captains Martin, Magee and Riley ; the lieu-1 "ach', by thelrUbor this season.
tenants Shade, Clark, kavenaugli, fields anil |
Francis Smith, go out with their respective com
panies. It is intended that the expedition shall
enca
tlie
A public subscription lias been opened at
lines. U IS Iinemleil tnat tlie expedition snail l Montreal, headed by bis Grace the Duke of
icamp during the winter above the mouth of I Richmond, fur the nupose ol providing fuel, for
u: kanses; and continuing its voyage in thei t | ie poor during t!l ' e approaching winter. The
riing, shall redclt its point ot destination in tlie sche ' me re commeml<vd, is, to pur-base a sufficient
l, . liext sU,nmer .... I quantity, and have it placed under the direction
1 he Yellow Stone enters the Missouri in lat ‘- 0 f a Committee, who Thai, dispose of it to such
ie 48 degree north ; and in longitude twenty j as ' | at a rate so low as lo come within
’T" •■eg"** " aslmigton city. 1 lie j their mealls of „ urc l iaM „ K the a. tide.
tude
sev
United States will then have a military establish-j
meat one thousand eight hundred miles west of
the .Mississippi, and nearly one hundred miles
further north than the city of Quebec. The offi
cers carry with them the seeds and grains which j an j pliant—The Season has been uncommon!
are expected to tinivc in that climate, that the fine . an li the vines are loaded with grapes of the
purchasing I
| The beautiful Vineyards at Vevav in Indiana,
| are said to present an appearance than which
I nothing can be conceived moie luxuriously rich
post may have within itself some resource a-
•ainst the failures of contractors. Wheat, rye
viceroy at Lima treated the officers with marked I bariev, oats, are expected to do well there, Tltev
.. . • I - l al... C...4 il... I . * S I * i I*_>ii*la *
attention—surrendered at the first demand, th
Americans who had been so long confined in pri
son and what is verv singular, and so highly
honorable to captain Biddle, lie gave an order,
that the American vessels then in the ports of
Chili might sail, and should not be molested by
the royal cruizers. How flittering to our na
tional glory, that a small ship, so far distant fiom
the United States, ran accomplish such impor
tant (lungs : it speaks more than volumes could
doin favor of our rising and gallant navy; and
liow galling to the pride of the English, who so
lately pretended to be indignant at the conduct
of the royal squadron then blockading this port,
in permitting tiie Ontario to enter—commodore
Bowles, of the Amphion frigate, alledging it was
thereby vio'ated, and in future that tue English
Should not respect it. We now see this same
■vessel returning from Lima with Americans for
ced from a Spanish dungeon—patriot officers to
be exchanged, which in part, is acknowledging
their government—an order from the viceroy that
our vessels might sail from a blockaded port with
out dread of molestation from the royal cruizers ;
and all tliis alter this same vessel rescued from
the guns of the frigate Vergenza the brig Ariel
of Baltimore, who certainly would have been
captured. The English are extremely mortified
that so much lias been performed by a single sloop
of war, and particularly as they joked so much
when this vessel first anived.
The day is not far distant when we shall act
that conspicuous part which nature has destined
•ns to perform, and tlie English writers who are
paid to villifv our country will see that they do
not overrate’our resources : even within the last
oix years our hopes did not anticipate what we
now witness. Tlie government are entitled to
j.- eat credit in sending a ship of war to those
seas, and giving the command to so distinguish
ed an officer as captain Biddle, who by his correct
conduct, commands the respect of all. Inde
pendent of all the advantages stated, the Onta
rio’s being in these seas has saved a million o.
dollars to the Linked States.
If general St. Martin had been enabled to fol
low up his victory, there is no question but Peru
must have fallen ; it is however an event not far
distant. There is a great want of money here,
which par&lvzes the operations of the government.
St. Martin is now at Buenos Ayres, supposed
for the purpose of obtaining means to advance
towards Peru. The patriots have the command
of the seas ; they have lately received front En
gland a large ship, very far heavier than any
which the Spaniards have in these seas. Only-
fourth of the cost was paid in cash ; they have a
long credit on the balance. Arms and ammuni
tion are constantly arriving from England—in
deed, there is more than can find a market.
attain perfection even at the earl i.f Selkirk’s es-
ta lislnneut on lake Yssiboin, three degrees fur
ther north. The 141.411(141) corn will find itself in
its own climate at tlie mouth of the Yellow
Stone. In fact all the grains, plants and veget
ables which flourish at Quebec or Montreal may
be expected to be raised there, as tlie climate in
that interior region of the north American con
tinent is known to be near ten degrees milder
than in the same parallel on the Atlantic ocean.
Our fellow citizen, Capt. O'Fallon, so well
known for his enterprise, will precede the expe
dition, to prepare tue Indians for its reception.
He will quiet their apprehensions by showing the
benevolent and humane intentions of the Amer
ican government; and will silence the British
emmissaries who shall represent the expedition
as an act of war against the Indian nations.
The establishment of this post will be an era
in the history of tlie west. It will go to the
source ami root of that fatal British influence
which has for many years armed the Indian na
tions against our western frontiers. It carries
the arms and the power of the United States to
the ground which has heretofore been exclusively
occupied by the British North West and Hud
son’s Bay companies, and which has been tlie
true seat of British power over tlie Indian mind.
Now the American arms amt the American poli
cy will be displayed upon tlie same theatre.
Tlie North West and Hudson’s Bay companies
will be shut out from the commerce uf the Mis
souri and Mississippi Indians; the American
traders will penetrate in safety tlie recesses of
the rocky Mountains in search of its rich furs;
a commerce yielding a milliou per annum will
descend the Missouri ; and file Indians finding
their wants supplied by American traders, their
domestic wars restrained by American policy,
will learn to respect tlie American name.
Tlie name of the Yellow Stone river will be
familiar to the American ear. That a stream of
its magnitude should heretofore have been so
little known, is a proof of the immensity of our
country. How little has it beeu thought that
1300 miles up the Missouri, a liver was to be
found equal in length and breadth to the Ohio r
Yet such is the character of the Y ellow Stone,
or Roche-Fanne, as it was called by the French.
One of its branches, the Brig Hoen issues from a
lake near the peak of the rio del Norte on the
confines of New |Mexico, anil is navigable for
many miles. Then Y ellow Stone itself issues
from a lake in the rocky mountains. It was de
scended by cant Clark on his return from the Pa
cific ocean. He found it deep, rapid and nav
igable from tlie place where he struck it to its
mouth, a distance of 850 miles. Below the
junction of the Brig Hoen the width was usqally
from 500 to 800 yards, and sometimes a mile.
Innumerable were tlie herds of Buflaloc, and o-
tlier game which ranged upon it. This abunden-
whaleship, of this port, just returned from the icy of game is a proof of the richness of the
within the compass of twelve pages. M r \\j
son putting forth laurel branches from an hospitJ
window, and l)r. Meade looking un him witii^.
tonishmeiit. Mr. Southey crowned withapi W
cap. made out of bis earlier productions. jn
Dogg seeing Satan’s Invisible World throughi
Scot's mist—and Mr. Wordsworth accompinietj
by the Solitary, inviting them all to take an excur
sion with him to refresh and vary their ideas,
Edin'g Scotoma,
FINE ARTS.
grapes
most delicious flavor. Tlie vintage was expect
ed to be the most bountiful and abundant of any
tiiat hud been witnessed.
A pleasant employment.—A person in N. Y'ork
addresses himself to the ladies and gentlemen of
the city, in the following modish style of adver
tising : “Benjamin Tiffin, bug destroyer, from
London, begs leave to offer his services to all those
who are troubled with those nocturnal invaders ol
their rest. His price will be low, and method ef
fectual, having been 40 years in constant [lattice!
N. B. Reference as to character can be nail.”
Literary Intelligence.
The Bible.—Mrs. Rowsou lias nearlv ready for
the press, a Complete History ol the Bible, from
the creation of tiie world to the death of our .Sa
viour, v, itb a continuation of eccle-da tical histo
ry to the time of the reformation in tlie reigns of
Henry VI11. and Elizabeth,
ried on in connection with profane history, so far
as to point out tlie periods of the rise and fa 1 1 of
the principal events in the history of each state.
ThC narration will take the form of familiar dia
logues between a father and bis young family,
anil the elucidations are made easy to the appre
hension of juvenile capacities. The authorities
from which the authoress lias compiled her work
are Stackhouse’s History of the Bible, .Shuck-
ford’s Connexions, Poole’s Annotations, Cnimet’
National Tainting.—“ The Declaration of la.
dependence,” executed by Col. Trumbull, id
to be placed in the Capitol at Washington is ng«
exhibited in the room of the Academy uf Fins
Arts, in the New-Y'ork Institution. It U |
scarcely be necessary to say, that this picture,ei.
ecuted bv direction of the national authority,bt
the hands of our most distinguished artist nuit
be worthy of general inspection. YVe doubt
whether there is a work of the kind in tlie world,
which, when every circumstance connected with
its history is taken into consideration, is so «ti|
calculated to excite or to gratify public curiositr,
as this splendid painting.
The canvass measures eighteen by twelve fed,
and contains forty-seven portraits. Of time,
thirty-seven were painted from the life bv Colo
nel Trumbull, and ten were copied from othee
pictures, the persons having deceased before be
was able to see them. AVi th regard to several if
the illustrious men. we can speak from iieriooil
acquaintance, the likenesses are admirable, Tlie
time chiisen for the subject of tlie painting is tbit,
when the committee appointed to draw the Deflo
ration of Independence, arc handing it mot tlie
President’s table. That committee consisted »t
Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Vruk-
lin, Roger Sherman and Robert It Livingston.
Tlie variety and force of expression in tWuin-
tenances of tlie Congress, at this interestingind
awful moment, are most strikingly depicted by
the painter, and cannot fail, we think, toanaktt
tlie liveliest emotions in the mind of every be-
bolder.
To suppose that any native American ton p
hack in his recollection, or his imagination bill*
i-i,_ i • ;■ „„„ period w hen tiiis great event took place, and ml
! l,e l l . or - v . *!!'?:: feel a deep interest in the actual view of th"*
sonages by whom it was achieved, would be i
species of reproach which we are not willing t*
cast on any fellow citizen. The Declaration d
the Independence of these thirteen Colonies,*•*
an act fraught with tlie most impnitant const-
quenecs to the individuals bv whom it waswlb
to the countries which it concerned, and to tk
great cause of civil and religious freedom through-
out the world. Had the struggle betwcei?u>*™
Great Britain terminated unsuccessfully on «
Dictionary and Dissertations, &c. The profane | . .. 7 ~ - V~Vi la
~ ■ r J part, these great patriots and statesmen.
authors, Milner, Mosheim, tkc. are also sources
have been drawn. I* ----- • : , ■ ,7—. .1,1 u,>
work has been seen | su nu,l - v astonishing recollections, would W
whence some of the materials have been drawn. I l’ urtrait3 a,e ,,0 ' v t0 us associated
Banff, Aug. 9.—Capt. Ridley, of tlie Triad,
northern ocean, informs us, that on the 10th of
May be was in at 80 55; about Smiles from Spitz-
bergut, in 22 fathoms water : the sun w as at a
great altitude: there was scarcely any night:
they could follow tlie glorious luminary circling
again and again round the heavens : tlie at
mosphere, at this time, was very clear. Capt.
R, went to the topmast, <\nd cuuld see, with a
country. In fact the traders speak of the face
of tlie country upon tlie Y'ellow Stone, the seren
ity of the climate, rapidity and clearness of the
w ater, in terms of admiration.—St. Louis Enq.
Wonderful.—Extract of a letter, dated Woods
ville, Ohio, July 7, 1818, to a friend of the w riter
The manuscript of tliii
and approved by many learned divines, both of
the episcopal and congregational churches, and
other gentlemen of literature and science. ‘It is
to be comprised in two duodecimo volumes of a-
buut 300 pages each.—vY. E. Galaxy.
We have been favored with •the perusal of a
work in manuscript, which will shortly be pub
lished in this city, entitled “ The Biographical
Compendium and Patriot’s Mirror,” ail original
work, wherein tlie characters of eminent war
riors, statesmen and scientific men, of tiie pre
sent and former ages, are briefly but comprehen
sively exhibited in an impartial manner. To
which are added, some original pieces, moral and
entertaining. By Donald Fraser, author of “ An
Epitome of the History of all Nations,” “ Bul
wark of Truth,” tfcc- This work will at once a-
muse and instruct—the strictest impartiality is
observed in the delineation of character, and the
most scrupulous fidelity in tlie biographical
sketches.—N. T. Evening Tost.'
Gunnery.—A work is in the press at London,
entitled a description of the sights, nr instruments
fur pointing guns, proposed bv maj. gen. sir W.
Congreve, for the use of the British navy, or heavy
ordnance in battery, with instructions for using
and adjusting them ; and a short account of im
provements in manufacturing gunpowder.—vYiles’
Mr. James Oram,of New-Y'ork, has issued pro
posals for publishing “The Kaleidoscope, or
Monthly Mirror.”—It is intended to contain all
that useful and pleasing variety of matter w hich
renders a magazine interesting and profitable to
in Bolton, Coun. “ I shall give you an account tlie public. The publisher is promised the assist-
been stigmatised as u-bels. anil punished as t»
tors. By the biessipg of God it was successwk
and w e now revere them as the intrepid dew"'
ers of their country’s rights, as illustrious state**
men, and venerable patriots. To the countries,
and particularly to this, the result of the contest
was ot the highest importance. Instead nf tdt-
nies, we were constituted a nation—in the
of subordination anddependance, we "*•**“’
vated to perfect and uncontrolled independent
l'lie di Here nee is too great to require illustrslM*
or enforcing. What effects it has been the
strumeiit ol producing in the world slltjl*
venture to assert. The stupendous events*®*
have occurred since the 4th of July, lf”*i
too great and numerous to be recounted. ®
tiling is certain—The lessons of freedom *
just government, which are taught the nat-on*
the earth by the Declaration and War of1*
pendence in the United States, will never he
or forgotten.
When this great National Painting shall b*
moved to the seat of government, which «d
as soon as the room designed for its rcCt j!L
-(hall be finished, it will of course be out ol
reach of all our citizens, except tho-e w»“ j 1 /
visit that place ; so that those who may be
rous of seeing it, will find the present the
convenient opportunity. ' _ . ^
YVe have made these remarks with * *
di.-position to forwaid the views of the •’j
guished artist to whom the nation is so deep*/^
debted for the perpetuation by Ills pencil 1,1 .
illustrious event, as well.as from a desire to
duce to tlie gratification of all those who a ,
the art, or feel interested in the most ,, n| | ®™L
and the most sublime political e'ent in the
rv of our country—perhaps in the history 0
world.—Ncw-l'ork Daily Advertiser,