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Gwy CHEROKEE " v. iu.ui ii amnnppmm J (TiFO,:J. PHfflIIX. VOL. I. NEW ECHOTA, WEDNESDAY IIJLY 21, 1828. EDITED BY ELIAS BOUDINOTT. PRINTED WEEKLY BY ISAAC H. IIADRIS, FOR THE CHEROKEE NATION. At $2 50 if paid in advance, $3 in six months, or $3 50 if paid at the end of the ear. To subscribers who can real only the IPiCherokee language the price will be $2,00 gw in advance, or $2,50 to be paid within the ® 'year. Every subscription will be considered as continued unless subscribers give notice to the contrary before the commencement of a new year. Any person procuring six subscribers, and becoming responsible for the payment, shall receive a seventh gratis. I Advertisements will be inserted at seven- ty-five cents per square for the first inser tion, and thirty-seven and a half cents for Jeach continuance; longer ones in propor- >*** tion. r.j*' AH letters addr<*esp<I to tbe Editor, post paid, will receive due attention. - »ivy it* V0* A * D hSi JEC.SJ. ¥>9AVX«>a TAJJf* JhrfBAA bsjie Aritsh.ioey kta d>pp cpo-tb.* TGTZ TEJ0O-<r» TGTZ fliP Tt£CKY TB D9J>&X>Iv<».JI, KT O30JB-I i»4<*.t. dsa^imiez tb yw Dej/Soel^oBA, 0-y.1T D^P CFO.IBA I*4<»JL Gtvyz 0»<LR vIIit5TiA»tiy, WF*^ DS-U (PejBvl I*46ia f?AB<r», TGF-Z TEvSJ0-(T* D6” KTAZ D^P yW c&Ii O^-IB-/*' van Dej^o®i»(».i. AGENTS FOR THE CHEROKEE PHCENIX. The following persons are authorized to receive subscriptions and payments for the Cherokee Phcehix. Henry Hill, Esq. Treasurer of the A. B. C. F. Mi Boston, Mass. George M. Tracy, Agent of the A. B. €. F. M. New York. Rev; Aj D. E!i#dy, Canandaigua, N. Y. Thomas Hastings, Utica, N. Y. L, Pollard &, Converse, Richmond, Va. Rev. James Campbell, Beaufort, S. C. 4 William Moultrie Reid; Charleston, |s. c. U Col. George Smith, Statesville, W. T. A William M. Combs, Nashville Ten. i'f Rev. Bennet Roberts—Powal Me. j| Mr. Thos. R. Gold, (an itinerant Gen ii tleman.) CHEROKEE "TREATY. 1 Articles of A Convention, conclud ed at the City of Washington, this sixth ,f day of May, in the year of our Lord one f thousand eight hundred and twenty ^ eight, between James Barbour, Secre- | tary of War being especially author- | ized therefor by the President of the , United States, and the undersigned, I Chiefs and Head men of the Cherokee | Nation of Indians West of Mississippi, ! they being duly authorized and em- ! powered by theii * 1 Nation. Whereas, it being the anxious de sire of the Government of the United | States to secure to the Cherokee Na- tion of Indians, as well those now liv ing within the limits of the Territory of Arkansas, as those of their friends and brothers who reside in- states East of the Mississippi, and who may wish to join their brothers of the west, a permanent home, and which shall, under the solemn guarantee of the United States, be, arid remain, theirs forever, a home that &hall never in all future times, be embarassed by hav ing extended around it the lines, or placed over it the jurisdiction of a Territory or State, nor be pressed up on by the ex ten tion, in any way, of a- ny of the limits of any existing Terri tory or State; and whereas, the pres ent location of the Cherokees in Ar kansas being unfavorable to their pre sent repose and tending, as the past de monstrates, to their future degradation and misery; a.nd the Cherokees being anxious to avoid such consequences, and yet not questioning their right to their lands in Arkansas as secured to them by treaty, and resting also upon the pledge given them by the Presid ent of the United States, and the Sec retary of war of March, 1818, and 8th October 1821, in regard to the outlet to the west, and as may be seen on re- fering to the records of the War De partments still being anxious to se cure a permanent home, and to free themselves, and their posterity, from an embarrassing connexion with the Territory of Arkansas, and guard theiriselves from such connexions in future; and whereas, it being import aftt, not to the Cherokees only, but al so to the Choctaws, and in regard to the question which may be agitated in future respecting the location of the latter, as well as the former, within the limits of the Territory or State of Arkansas, as the case may be, and their removal therefrom; and to avoid the cost which may attend negotiations to rid the Territory or State of Ark ansas whenever it may become State, of either, or both of those Tribes, the parties hereto do hereby conclude the following Articles, viz: Art. 1. The Western boundary of Arkansas shall be, and the same is hereby defined, viz- A line shall be rim, Commencing on Red River, at the point where the eastern Choctaw line strikes said river, and run due north with said line to the River Ar kansas, thence in a direct line to the South West corner of Missouri. Art. 2. The United Slates agree to possess the Cherokees, and guaran- tie it to them forever, and that guar- antie is hereby solemnly pledged, of seven millions of acres of land to be bounded as follows, viz. Commencing at that point on Arkansas river, where the eastern Choctaw boundary line strikes said River, and running thence with the western line of Arkansas, as defined in the foregoing Article, to the south west corner of Missouri, and thence with the western boundary line of Missouri, till it crosses the waters of Neasho, generally called Grand River, thence due west to a point from which a due South course will strike the present north west corner of Arkansas Territory, thence continuingdue South, on and with the present western boundary line of the Territory to the main branch of Ark ansas River, thence down said River to its junction with the Canadian Riv er, and thence up and between the said Rivers Arkansas and Canadian, to a point at which a line running North and , South from River to River, will give the aforesaid seven Millions of acres. In addition to the Seven Millions of acres thus provided for, and bounded, the United States further guarantie to the Cherokee Nation a perpetual outlet west, and a free and unmolested use of all the Country lying west of the western boundary of the above described lim its, and as far west as the sovereignty of the United States, and their right of soil extend. Art. 3. The United States agree to have the lines of the above cession run without delay, say not later than the first of October next, and to re move, immediately after the running of the Eastern line from the Arkansas River to the South west corner of Missouri, all white persons from the west to the east of said line, and also others should there be any there, who may be unacceptable to the Chero kees, so that no obstacles arising out of the presence of a white population, or a population of any other sort, shall exist to annoy the Cherokees—and al so to keep all such from the west of said line in future. Art. 4. The United States more over agree to appoint suitable per sons, whose duty it shall be in con junction with the Agent, to value all such improvements as the Cherokees may abandon in their removal from their present homes to the District of Country as ceded in the second Arti cle of this agreement, and to pay for the same immediately after the assess ment is made, and the amount ascer tained. It is further agreed, that the property and improvements connected with the Agency, shall be sold under the direction of the Agent, and the proceeds of the same applied to aid in the erection, in the country to which the Cherokees are going, of a grist and saw mill, for their use. The aforesaid property and improvements are thus defined: Commencing at the Arkansas River opposite William Stinnetts, & runing due North one mile, thence due East to a point from which a due South line to the Arkansas Riv er would include the Chalybeate, or mineral Spring, attached to, or near the present residence of the A gent, and thence up said River (Arkansas) to the place of beginning. Art. 5. It is further agreed, that the United States, in consideration of the inconvenience and trouble attend ing the removal, and on account of the reduced value of a great portion of the lands herein ceded to the Chero kees, as compared with that of those in Arkansas which were made theirs by the Treaty of 1817, and conventioi of 1819, will pay to the Cherokees immediately after their reroeva which shall be within fourteen months of the date of this agreement,the sun of Ffty Thousand Dollars; also an amui- ty, for three years, of Two Thousand Dollars, towards defraying fie cost and trouble which may attehd upon going after and recovering tkpir stock which may stray into the Territory in quest of the pastures from wlich they may be driven—alsu, Eight Thousand seven hundred and sixty Dolhrs, for spoliations committed on them (the Cherokees,) which sum will he in full of all demands of the kind up to this date, as well those against the Osages, as those against the Citizens of the United States—this being the amount of the claims for said spoliations, as rendered by the Cherokees, and wliich are believed to be correctly and fair ly stated. Also, One Thousand Two hundred dollars for the use of Thomas Graves, a Cherokee Chief, for losses sustained in his property, and for per sonal suffering endured by him when confined as prisoner, on a criminal, but false accusation; also Five Hun dred Dollars for the use of George Guess, another Cherokee, for the great benefit he has conferred upon the Cherokee people, in the beneficial results which they are now experienc ing from the use of the Alphabet dis covered by him, to whom also, in con sideration of his relinquishing a valua ble saline, the privilege is hereby giv en to locate and occupy another sa line on Lee’s Creek. It is further a- greed by the United States, to pay Two Thousand dollars, annually, to the Cherokees, for ten years, to be expended under the direction of the President of the United States in the education of their children, in their own country in letters and mechanic arts; also, One Thousand Dollars to wards the purchase of a printing press and types, to aid the Cherokees in the progress of educat ion, and to bene fit, and enlighten them as a people, in their own, and our language. It is a- greed further, that the expense incur red other than that paid by the Unit ed States in the erection of the build ings and improvements, so far as that may have been paid by the benevo lent society who-Jiave been, and yet are, engaged in instructing the Chero kee children, shall be paid to the so ciety, it being the understanding that the amount shall be expended in the erection of other buildings and im provements, for like purposes in the country herein ceded to the Chero kees. The United States relinquish their claim due by the Cherokees to the late United States’ Factory, pro vided the same does not exceed three thousand five hundred dollars. Art. G. It is moreover agreed, by the United States, whenever the Che rokees may desire it, to give them a set of plain laws, Suitable to their con dition—also, when they may wish to lay off their lands, arid own them indi vidually, a surveyor shall be sent to make the surveys at the cost of the United States. Art. 7. The Chiefs and Head men of the Cherokee Nation, aforesaid,. for and in consideration of the forego- ing stipulations and provisions, do hereby agree, in the name aqd be half of their Nation, to give find they do hereby surrender, to the Uni ted States, and agree to leave the same within fourteen months, as here in before stipulated, all the lands to which they are entitled in Arkansas, and which were secured to them by the Treaty of 8th January 1827, and the convention of the 27th February, 1829. Art. 8. The Cherokee Nation, West of the Mississippi having by this agreement, freed themselves from the harrassing and ruinous effects consequent upon a location amidst a white population, and secured to themselves and their posterity, under the solemn sanction of the guaran tee of the United States, as contain ed in this agreement, a large ex tent of unembarrassed country; and that their Brothers yet remaining in the States may be induced to join them and enjoy the repose and bles sings of such a state in future, it is further agreed, on the part of the U- niled States, that to each Head of a Cherokee family now residing within the Chartered limits of Georgia, or of either of the States, East of the Mis sissippi, who may desire to remove West, shall be given, on enrolling himself for emigration, a good Rifle, a Blanket, and Kettle, and live pounds of Tobacco; (and to each member of his family one Blanket,) also a just compensation for the property he may abandon, to be assessed by persons to be appointed by the President of the United States. The cost of the emi gration of all such shall be borne by the United States, and good and suita ble ways opened, and provisions pro cured for their comfort, accommoda tion, and support, by the way, and provisions for twelve months alter their arrival at the Agency; and to each person, or head of a tamily, if he take along with him four persons, shall be paid immediately on his ar riving at the Agency and reporting himself and his family, or followers, as emigrants & permanent setlers, in addition to the above, provided he and they shall have emigrated from within the Chartered limits of the State of Geor gia, the sum of Fifty Dollars, and this sum in proportion to any greater or less number that may accompany him from within the aforesaid Chartered limits of the State of Georgia. Art. 9. It is understood and agreed by the parties to this Convention, that a tract of land, two miles wide and six miles long, shall be, and the same is hereby, reserved for -the use and benefit of the United States, for the accommodation of the Military force which is now, or which may hereafter be, stationed at Fort Gibson, on the Neasho, or Grand River, to commence on said River half a mile below the aforesaid Fort, and to run thence a due East two miles, thence North wardly six miles, to a point which shall be two miles distant from the River aforesaid, thence due W’est to the said River, and down it to the place of beginning. And the Chero kees agree that the United States shall have and possess the right of es tablishing a road through their coun try for the purpose of having a free aud unmolested way to and from said Fort. Art. 10. It is agreed that Captain Rogers, in consideration of his having lost a horse in the service of the Uni ted States, and for services rendered by him to the United States, shall be paid in full for the above, and all oth er claims for losses and services, the sum of five hundred dollars. Art. 11. This Treaty to be binding on the contracting parties, so Soon as it is ratified by the President of the United Statps^ by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Done at. the place, and on the day and year above written. JAMES BARBOUR. (l. s.) Chiefs of the Delegation. BLACK FOX, (l. s.) THOMAS GRAVES, (l. s.) GEORGE GUESS, (L. S.) TOMAS MAW, v» «•) GEORGE MARY1S, JOHN LOONY, JOHN ROGERS, J. W. FLOWEY, Witnesses. Thos. L. M’Kenney, James Rogers, Interpreter. D. Kurtz, Thomas Mux ray, D. Brown, Secy. Ch. J)el. PlERYE PlERYA, F. W. Duval, U. S. Jlgent. From the Traveller &. Monthly Gazetteer. THE PUBLIC PRESS. This mighty instrument has such an overpowering influence on the mor als, the politics, and national diame ter of this country, that it is devoutly wished it may ever be wielded by men of pure hearts, sterling pat riot .sin, and extensively cultivated ndne.s— minds exalted above sordid interest, personal animosities, clanish or geo-' graphical predilections. It is a power of vast results, of good or ill to the present age and seems un der Providence, to hold thtjinal des tiny of this government. As a medium of communication the Press constitutes a new era in the an nals of the world; and if it were a great discovery to ascertain the cir culation of the vital fluid through the natural body, it has been a vastly greater effort of human improvement to give as by the press, rapid accele- ration of thought through the moral aud body politic of an immense empire. This seems more than human, a Divine impulse, wafting ideas on the wings of the wind; addressing individ ually the inhabitants of a country dis persed over its extensive regions by their firesides, where are avoided the evils of Ancient Republics arising froih the political excitement of col lected mobs at the Campus Martius; from “the stormy wave of the mul titude,” bverwhelming law, justice, and reason. It addresses them thus singly, af fording an opportunity for cool delibe ration on the subjects proposed, with the probability of the usual result, a safe conclusion. The diffusion of political knowledge is but a part of the object of a public journal. It is pro-motive of a taste for literature and knowledge in gene ral; is an indispfcrisable medium of in tercouse, whose annual expense com pared to its value, is next to nothing. It is a Herald from all quarteis of the globe: and without the regular peru sal of which, a person in the present advanced state of knowledge, is inca pable of taking part in the most ordin ary subjects of conversation. As the Press, this great National Palladium and blessing, by means of extending information, is liable to a- buse; it is well understood, that al most unrestrained as it is in this eoun- try by legislative statutes it should come under a formidable, rigid cen sorship, “ the moral sense,” and every violation of such a sacred canon, receive its merited scorn and detesta tion. Extraordinary Production.—'We. have been informed of a production of a sin gle grain of Wheat, so extraordinary as to be incredible, if it Were not’ vouched for by the most, respectable witnesses. In the field of John Steele, Esq. of Richmond-county, on the low grounds of Little River, there grew remote from any other wheat, a bunch of one hundred and ninety-one stalks, from a single grain of wheat. Oil these stalks 154 heads, the largest measuring 6 1-2 inches, and the aver age length of the heads 3 1-2 inches; the total length of all the heads w?.» 46 feet or 552 : inches. The hunch of wheat when standing, was upwards of 4 feet high, of the Maryland white flint kind. Unfortunately it took the rust, so that it did not mature the- grains, a common thing in that neigh bourhood this season, on bottom landi^— Fayetteville Observer.