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* owy * CHEROKEE JcT^FO^. v PHOENIX. VOL. I. NEW ECHOTA, WEDNESDAY AUGUST *27, 1828. NO. 26. EDITED BY ELIAS BOUDINOTT. PRINTED WEEKLY BY ISAAC H. HARRIS, FOR THE CHEROKEE NATION. At $2 50 if paid in advance, $3 in six months, or #3 50 if paid at the end of the year. To subscribers who can read only the •Cherokee language the price will be $2,00 in advance, or $2,50 to be paid within the year. Every subscription will be considered as ©ontinued unless subscribers give notice to the contrary before the commencement of a new year. Any person procuring six subscribers, and becoming responsible for the payment, shall receive a seventh gratis. Advertisements will be inserted at seven ty-five cents per square for the first inser tion, and thirty-seven and a half cents Car each continuancej longer ones in propor tion. ICJ^All letters addressed to the Editor, post paid, will receive due attention. jwy JJ D hSi JEft-S J. feAVXriea TA.aJ* 04" JhlfBAa K4AJ. B©J1E MMhJ.oi>y KT./1 D.0P O’e.IBJ TGTZ TEiMO'd * 1 * * * ’ D0.J»5o®I , 'ckUC. TC~Z fT»P TdoOA TB DBJ^o®P'o®A, KT D9*R O'eJB.T b'^iXU. D5Jr5c®EZ TB yiV D9JA»EIv<y8J:, O-y^lT D£P O^eJU-I I-4i«UL cwyz cp(v,r jiiOiiatxy, wf-t Ds-a (PGJBJt I»4<S4 f*-IB(P, TCTZ TF.JISO-ir 5 DO" J&iblroiJl. KTJ1Z D41P ytv *Ii CPS.IB^' BJR D0J«5c»P'd?iJ. AGENTS FOR THE CHEROKEE PHCENIX. The following persons ai*e authorized to receive subscriptions and payments for the Cherokee Phoenix. Henry Him., Esq. Treasurer of the A. B. C. F. M. Boston, Mass. George M. Tracy, Agent of the A. B. C. F. M. New York. Rev. A. D, Eddy, Canandaigua, N. Y. Thomas Hastings, Utica, N. Y. Pollard &, Converse, Richmond, Va. Rev. James Campbell, Beaufort, S. C. William Moultrie Reid, Charleston, S. C. Col. George Smith, Statesville, W. T. William M. Combs, Nashville Ten. Rev. Bennet Roberts—Powal Me. Mr. Thos. R. Gold, (an itinerant Gen tleman.) Jeremiah Austil, Mobile Ala. [CONTINUED.] WASHINGTON AND THE CHERO- KEES. Saturday, 7th January. Bloody fellow: On Thursday last I was not prepared to enter upon busi ness, as one of the Chiefs was then sick—I am now desirous of entering upon business. About two years ago Nontuaka was chosen by his Nation to go to New York, to the great beloved man, at the great white house; when he was there, he had not a good interpreter, and not well understanding the english language, he could not well receive so much advantage from his journey as his Nation expected. When he re turned the whole Nation were assem bled, and were disposed to enter upon the business of peace between them and the United States. I shall now enter upon the business in behalf of my own and other Nations. [The Bloody fellow then produced a string of white Wampum, which he held in his hand until the. business of the day was finished.] I wish you to be, if you are not alrea dy made, acquainted with the use and value of these beads, which among the Cherokees answer the same purpose as letters with you, and arc held in the highest estimation. George Miller, one of our people, has been brought to attend this treaty, both as a witness and that, he might assist the interpreter in explaining our talks, as he understands the english language. It was early in the summer, soon af ter the treaty with Governor Blount, that the whole Cherokee Nation was assembled, and we delegated on this treaty. The wholq Nation were as sembled at the great beloved town, Astanolay (on the waters of the Mo bile,) when it was agreed on to send an embassy to Philadelphia, to see the President of the United States, and yourself. The talks to Nontuaka, delivered by the President and you, are now in the beloved town Astanolay, and these talks have induced us to come to this place. In these talks you informed us, that as North Carolina had not joined the Union, our business could not be attended to; but as that State has since joined, we hope our business may be now accomplished. Before I left my nation it was deter mined that a stop should be put to the further effusion ofblood, and that they should take the United States by the arm with a warm heart. The talk which I am now deliver ing to you, is the talk of the beloved men of my Nation, wilh a desire that their children might grow up on the land in peace: And this is the talk of our beloved men. Among us, we have two Kings to look up to, but you have only one, who we hope will extend his eye over all, both red and white. We have put ourselves under the protection of the United States, and from them on ly do we expect justice, and we wish to become as one people. We wish our talks may be attended to, and we have that justice, which is the portion of all. We remember the talks of our fore fathers, who told us of the first com ing of the white people, over the great waters, that they were few in num ber and settled on the lands of the red people—they have now become 60 numerous as to be able to overpower them, but we still expect we shall have justice done us. Last summer we received talks from Governor Blount, informing us that he was authorized to hold a trea ty with us; we accordingly repaired to the place appointed. When we left our country we all rejoiced in the expectation of having something done for us in regard to our lands, but when we arrived at the treaty ground, we were sorry to find it was not the case. Very soon after we opened our bu siness, Governor Blount informed us, that he was authorized by Congress, to purchase our lands of us, which be ing so contrary to our expectations af flicted us exceedingly. When I found Governor Blount wanted to purchase our lands, I told him, that I loved my lands, and would not part with them, that, 1 came there not to treat of selling land, but on pub lic business of friendship between the white and red people. I tell you tru ly what I said to Governor Blount, and l am come to ask of you whether he was authorized to purchase our lands? We remained seven days, at the place of treaty, on this business, and Governor Blount still urging us to sell our lands—the thoughts of which made tears come into my eyes daily. On the seventh day, finding Govern or Blount still urging the sale of lands, l told him, I was desirous of going to General Washington and-Congress, to see whether I could not obtain better satisfaction; to which, Gov. Blount replied, that he was fully authorized for the purpose, therefore it would be unnecessary for any Indians to go. I however persevered in my wishes to go to Philadelphia, when Governor Blount asked me whether I had money to defray the expenses of my journey, this struck me forcibly, and reflecting that our people young and old were in his power, I then told him that if he would not demand so much land of us, we would give him a small piece, without any consideration whatever, if he would let us and our children re turn to our own country in peace and safety. In answer to this Governor Blount told me that he had goods in his house to pay for the iands, besides which, one thousand dollars should be paid yearly. I told him that I could not- think qf taking it, that it would not buy a breech-clout for each of mj nation. When the treaty was first fully o- pened, Governor Blount asked ot us lands at the Muscle-Shoals, I told him thst we could not give then up, as they were not clearly our property, but belonged to the four natiens, and were the common hunting gromds for them. Governor Blount told me, hat he had already purchased of these lands of the State of Georgia, but vas de sirous of making a fuller purciase of our Nation. That he intended to e- rect store houses on these lanls from which we could be supplied with goods, and smith’s shops where our guns could be repaired. After which Governor Blount p»- posed a line upon the upper paits >f the Tennessee, to go from that rivr upon a ridge which divides the wates of nine mile Creek from Little rive. This line, I also refused. Governor Blount then proposed a>- other line, at the Fork below ChoV, to run to the aforesaid ridge, which (e said he wanted to settle on himsdf for the purpose of being near our nj- tion, and that he might more readiy confer with us on public business, aid he said none others, than himsdf should settle there. The Fork I e- jected. Governor Blount said he would quit the Fork, but wished that tlie line might be on the aforesaid ridge, which divides the waters of the Ten nessee from those of Little river, and that this line should be a lasting line, in order to divide the white from the red people. On which I complained to him, that the white people had set tled on our lands there, without our permission. After a good deal of dispute with Governor Blount, I proposed, that from the fork down of the long island of Holstein, should be the boundary (he having before mentioned a water course.) But he still insisted upon the ridge before mentioned, observing that the game on that ground was all destroyed, the land settled and there fore could be of no use to us. As Governor Blount still insisted upon the before mentioned line, I ask ed him whether the handful of goods was all he meant to give us for the lands, and if so, it was nothing equal to the value of them. To which Go vernor Blount replied that the few goods he had, were not intended to pay for the lands, but as presents. The yearly payment of one thousand dollars was to pay for the lands. It is my desire that you should un derstand, that John Watts and myself were the principal speakers at the treaty, being appointed for that pur pose, by our Nation. That we re peatedly told Governor Blount that we considered the sum of one thousand dollars per year, as too small a price for our lands; and not near as much as Mr. McGillvray had obtained for a worse tract. He replied that he was not authorized to offer more, but that he would write to Congress upon the subject, and let us know whether more would be granted. John Watts told Governor Blount that he knew the North Carolina peo- le to be headstrong, and that they ad under the sanction of a flag of truce laid his uncle, Tlie old corn las- sell, low, it was therefore vain to con tend about a line at this time, as he knew that they would have their own way. And that they would not observe the orders of Congress or any body else. Watts further told Governor Blount, that /he wondered that he should be appointed for this business, being a North Carolinian but that he would notwithstanding make him an offer of a line. Whenever you North Caroli nians make a line, you tell us it shall be a standing one; but you are always encroaching upon it, and therefore we cannot depend upon what you say. Governor Blount replied to Watts, that these lands on the line now con tested, were taken from the Cherokees in time cf war, and that he did not therefore consider the settlements made on them as encroachments.— This is ali which Watts said upon the subject. He told me privately that the death of his uncle so affected him, that he could not speak any more, and desired im to finish the business. After Watts retired, Governor Blount repeated to me the observation about the country’s having been con quered, he told me, that I knew the Americans had driven the English out ol the country and that the land had been purchased with American blood. On this I observed, that although it was true the English were driven from the country, they had come a great way to fight the Americans, and that the Americans had been assisted in this war by the French. That no good purpose could be answered by bringing these up now, and therefore such things ought to be buried forev er. [The Bloody fellow and the other Chiefs then agreed to meet again at the Secretary’s house on Monday, the 9th instant at noon.] RULES FOR GOOD MANNERS. 1. If you are at work near the road, be sure to stop and look at every one who passes by, from the time he first makes his appearance, until he is out of sight. No one, who has not had the experience of it, can tell how much pleasure there is in seeing half a doz en men abandon their employment and gaze at him, as though they had never before seen a mortal, or were desirous to see every button on his garments. 2. When you are passing by neigh bors at work, never fail to stop and talk with them, especially if they are engaged in doing something of conside rable importance. Every one must perceive how agreeable it is to a man to be obliged by the rules of good man ners to suspend his labor an hour, es pecially if he has several hired men in company with him, to listen to a tri fling story, or to hear the history of his neighbor's affairs. 3. When a person passes by your house, never fail to deck the windows with as many faces as the house can supply, and if the windows will not accommodate all, let one or two stand in the door. 4. If you arc passing by a house be careful to look into the windows; by this you may generally know whether its occupants are industrious. You will likewise occasionally get a glance at a young lady as she sits in the parlor, reading novels, braiding straw, or working lace; which, to say the least, is worth a shilling. 5. On the Sabbath take your stand before the meeting house, at least fif teen or twenty minutes before the sea son of worship commences, and let no one escape your notice, who may come to the house of worship. The pleas ure which a young lady experiences, passing twenty or thirty young gentle men gazing intensely at her, may be easily imagined; and if per chance she drop her glove or handkerchief, let the blush on her face (ell how de lightful the task to pick it up. A MOROSE MAN Is like a piece of knotted wood, ev ery thing goes against the grain with him. He is impatient of every thing but his own humour, and exdures that no longer than it is in opposition to something else. He approves of no thing but in contradiction to other men’s opinions, and like a buzzard de lights in nothing more than to flutter against the wind, let it be which way it will. He is made up of cross-cross- lets, and always counterchanged; for when he is joined with white he is sure to he black, and black with white. He esteems all men extravagant and intolerable but himself, as those that have the jaundice think all objects yellow, because their own eyes are so. He is a strict observer of his own hu mour, and would have every man else so too, otherwise he retires to solace himself with Ins own complacence, and as great men keep natural fools to please themselves in seeing somebody have less wit than themselves (which they would never do unless they kept such on purpose) be delights in his ow r n folly, and the more ridiculous it is the better he is pleased with it. He is very nice and thrifty of his conversa tion, and will not willingly afford it, but where he thinks to enjoy the great est share of it himself, in which he is often mistaken; for none endure him better than those that make him their sport, and laugh at his folly, when he thinks they do at his wit. He abhors a stranger, because, having no hu manity, he takes him for a thing of an other kind, and believes it too difficult a task ever to bring him to his humour. He hates much company though it be ever so good, for the more there are, the less share he has of bis own hu mour, which is all he values or looks for. He rolls himself up in his own humour, and pleases himself with that which offends all others. The choice of his humour supposes his ignorance, as empty boats sail best against the stream. He is like a windmill tuat never moves but when it is planted directly against the wind. EFFECTS OF MUSIC. Sultan Amurath, that cruel prince, having laid siege to Bagdad, and taken it, gave orders for putting thirty thou sand Persians to death, notwithstand ing they had submitted, and laid down their arms. Among the number of these unfortunate victims was a mu sician. He besought the officer who had the command to see the Sultan’s orders executed, to spare him but for a moment, while he might be permit ted to speak to the emperor. The officer indulged him in his entreaty; and, being brought before the empe ror, he was permitted to exhibit a spe cimen of his art. Like the musician in Homer he took op a kind of psaltry, resembling a lyre, v\rji six strings on each side, and accompanied it with his voice. He sung the taking of Bag dad, and the triumph of Amurath.— The pathetic tones and exulting sounds which he drew from the instrument, joined to the alternate plaintiveness and boldness of his strains, rendered the prince unable to restrain the softer emotions of his soul. lie even suffer ed him to proceed, until, overpower ed with harmony, lie melted into/te'ars of pity, and relented his cruel inten tion. He spared the prisoners who yet remained alive, and gave them in stant liberty. EYES OF BIRDS. Birds flying in the air, and meeting with many obstacles, as branches and leaves of trees, require to have their eyes sometimes as round as possible, that they may see the small objects, flies, and other insects, which they pursue with the most unerring cer tainty. This could only be accom plished by giving them a power of suddenly changing the form of their eyes. Accordingly, there is a set of hard scales placed on the outer coat of their eye, round the place where the light enters; and over these scales are drawn the muscles or fibres by which motion is communicated; so that, by acting with these muscles, the bird can press the scales, and squeeze the natural magnifier of the eye into a round shape when it wishes to follow an insect through the air, and can re lax the scales, in order to flatten the eye again when it would see a distant object, or move safely through leaves and twigs. This power of altering the shape of the eye is possessed by birds of prey in a very remarkable de gree. They can see the smallest ob jects close to them, and can yet dis cern larger bodies at vast distances, as a carcass stretched upon the plain, or a dying fish afloat on the water. A singular provision is made for keeping the surface of the bird’s eye clean, for wiping the glass of the in strument, as it were, and also for pro-