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M' CHEROKEE PHflENIX. VOIi. I. HEW ECHOTA, WEDNESDAY DECEMBER 10, 1828, NO. 4 fiDITED BY ELIAS BOUDINOTT. PRINTED WEEKLY BY ISAAC II. HARRIS, FOB THE CHEROKEE NATION. At $2 50 if paid in advance, $3 in six months, ,or #3 50 if paid at the end of the year. To subscribers who can read only the gherokee language the price will be $2,00 in advance, or $2,50 to be paid within the year. Every subscription will be considered aB continued unless subscribers give notice to the contrary before the commencement of a new year. Any person procuring six subscribers, and becoming responsible for the payment, shall receive a seventh gratis. Advertisements will be inserted at seven ty-five cents per square for the first inser tion, and thirty-seven and a half cents for each continuance; longer ones in propor tion. |r~y*All letters addressed to the Editor, jjfcgt paid, will receive due altentiop. — 0VW 3 t JiU 0~J> AD IiSlJEIVffiA* yeAVXdea TAAlT 5 H*V* JIitfBAJ b®ae auu>UJ.oiy kt.i d$f o>e.icj I* TGTZ TEJaO-r DO l/6c^I v o®>X. TGTZ tft»P Ti&O-A TB De.I»5.*I v <*).I, KT D?4 (PQ.in.1 I*4oC.l. D5t.I»?)»0EZ TB Y'V D9JAi9Ivoi)A, oyjlT D^P (pejca otvyz o^u Jthoh-ioty, wp*v* I-4<»~I Y’JABiJ”, TCTZ TEJUtHf D6‘ ktaz d$p e«y^ o“sap- V.IR DejA*P'<n)A, AGENTS FOR THE CHEROKEE PHCENIX, The following persons are authorized to receive subscriptions and payments for tlie Cherokee Phamix. ^ Messrs. Pierce Si. W illiams, No. 20 Market St. Boston, Mass. George M. TnAcv, Agent ofthe A. B. g>. F. M, NewYork. Rev. A. D. Eody, Canandaigua, N. Y. Thomas Hastings, Utica, N. Y. Por.LARO St Converse, Richmond, Vh. Rev. James Campbell, Beaufort, S. C William Moultrie Reid, Charleston, $. C. Col. George Smith, Statesville, W. T. William M. Combs, Nashville Ten. Rev. Bennet Roberts—Powal Me. Mr. Tues. R. Gold, (an itinerant Gen tleman.) Jeremiah Austil, Mobile Ala. positive act of injustice—and yet we (inti men not only of quiet conscience under such circumstances, but offend ed if asked to pay a debt—consider themselves ill used, and, in a passion declare they will not pay until com pelled. I have seen and wondered at such conduct—for I was reared among commercial men, before the mania of speculation broke out, when a failure in an engagement to-day—nay, an hour, was dishonor. One of my rich neighbors who keeps his coach, his horses and hounds, and entertains company all the year round, never pays a debt except through the medium of the sherifl. 1 happen to know two of Ins creditors-;—it will be sufficient to single out two. One his overseer—the other a female weaver. These poor people have worked for him for years without compensation, and with but little chance of any.— And yet no one ventures to say he is dishonest. I lately attended a vendue where goods and chattels were going ofl un der execution. Every one was pity ing the debtor whose property was thus under sacrifice; but not a man sympa thized wit h the creditors, some of whom had been almost starving for years for the want of their dues, withheld by this unjust and unfeeling man. I felt indignant, and only regretted that the law's delay had been so great. . Why pity h:m? He had put it off as long as possible. The law, though slow, had at length overtaken him, and was wrenching from his firm grasp proper ty unjustly in his possession, to give it to the right owners; and 1 felt glad of it although it broke up a man of some figure. I have no kind of objection to coach es, hounds and horses, where they are supported by proper means; but I have no patience with a man who indulges in such . luxuries, while his creditor has to walk (perhaps barefoot,) and go supperless to bed, merely because he, or his wife, has a taste for them, or that their neighbor, who can afford it, keeps such things. It is not honest. But “let us return to our mutton.” “The punctual man is lord of his neighbor’s purse.” I knew a man courts, and wherever business and duy ty required them to be. I onco took great pleasure in diniig at a particnlar tavern, my host W s entirely to my taste. The first »sh was invariably placed on the tabb by his own hand, while the clock was striking the hour of two. lie vould not have waited for General Washing ton himself, who, by the bye, Would not have expected hi in to do o; lor he, himself was of this family-*pune- liliously punctual. But, vvhil* l re commend punctuality, I am la' lrom advising running in debt in anyway, it is a rock on which many youig men are wrecked. “Borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry,” aj|l- any one ad dicted to it is a troublesome neighbor. Candor and fair deuling are viitues ot llie aduiO aluunp. 11 Uottosly to th* best policy,” whatever speculators and horse jockies may think to the contra ry, Old School. A BULGARIAN FAMILY. The good people had no second room and we were domesticated v\ itii the family. It consisted of the man of the house, the boba, or woman, three children, and two shepherds. The house was of wicker work, as the others, but the walls so low r , that 1 could only stand upright in the middle, and lie at length close by the sides.— The hut was, however clean, sweet, and fresh. The floor was swept and the carpets spread, and a large lire blazed in the chimney; and while I stretched myself among the kind, good people, and saw their honest faces brighten in the blaze, 1 lelt mysell quite at home. We had brought with us some mutton. This the boba roast ed for us; and laying on the other side of the lire an iron circular plate, like j a Scotch griddle, she poured on it a ! mixture of water, flour, and eggs, so as to form a thin cake; when tins was ' done, she took it oil, placed it on a dish, i and proceed to make another; and hav- i ing interposed cheese and butter be- tweeu them, she laid the second on the first. In this way she raised a pile of pancakes. To these she add ed a dish of sour cabbage, a pitcher of wine, and a mug of raki, and sent up The following from the American Farmer, is an excellent Essay. It contains much truth—and furnishes an excellent practical lesson on (hat old And almost forgotten adage, that punc tuality is the very life and soul of bu siness. —-Fis. fy Tel. #N THE DUTY AND VALUE OF PUNCTUALITY. . County, Md. Sept 1828. Mr Editor,— One of the inconveniences I experi ence here is the want of punctuality. Among merchants it is a cardinal vir tue; but does not appear to he much known in the country, where “Farmers most do congregate.” “Why do you dun me?—Is not your money safe?—I wilLpay when convenient?” Such too often are the answers the needy tra der or mechanic receives from the man of landed estate, proud of his pos sessions, and abounding in every thing but ready money, of which he seldom .feels the want, and therefore, cannot realize the want in others differently situated. He has his beef and pork, and mutton, and poultry; his hay and corn, and wheat and rye—every thing but coin. He lives like a prince, and (too often feels like one towards those .Who want such advantages. A man, .of this kidney will live indecent cred it as a kind neighbor and honest man, although his creditors go without their money for years together. A man of this kind, a sort of feudal Lord, ap pears to he a privileged person. His neighbors are shocked at the idea of sueing him for a debt, although it is the only way of getting payment. It appears to me unjust to withhold from the man who has bestowed his labor 4>U my farm, or spread his groceries <un iny-table, or clothed my domestics #nd childrcBj his just dues. It is a — 0 r - m supper on a stool, with a comfort and who established a character for punc- , j eg . )atcn t j Klt W ould do credit to an tuality by borrowing small sums, and fcuglishkitchen ~ without using them, feturned them • • 1 1 punctually at the time appointed.— • The chai after thus acquired, enabled him-afterwards to gain a fortune. But a man of experience has only to cast his eyes around .to see how important it is—how universally the punctual, fair dealer, has succeeded in life; and how the tricky, cunning man, has tail ed. There are few exceptions, as we sometimes hear of robberies detected. If a man borrow money he should During this prepar ation, she had a distal!' stuck at her hip, and a reel spinning at the end of it, which she kept constantly in mo tion, and from this simple but incessant machine, the whole family was sup plied with clothes. After supper the good woman made me some coffee, | which Mustaphia carried in his bag; and then we all lay down together to 1 rest for the night. The man, his wife, j ICUU * —O 7 never t | u . ee chiliircn, two shepherds, Surro ! gee, Tartar, and I, lay amicably side , by side, rolled in the carpet, with oui 11 u IliUU UUHUlt lltvsis KJj , uy blUC) lUIILU *11 "*VI. vu. pay it on the day fixed—using no ex- i f ee t to the lire, and slept in peace and i.use—as “that it rained and he could : good-will. Towards morning I awoke, „ A * Hint Kn ho/l I'itDn liicnn. 1 f^..A Hm in/lnet cimK (irninun mwl I not come out; that he had been disap pointed in his collections, or that wheat was too low, and he could not sell at a sacrifice; or, that he did not suppose a few days would make much odds. ’— He who makes such excuses knovv6 nothing of the nature and importance of my subject. I often think of the conduct of a worthy man whom I once knew to walk four miles to pay - his more opulent neighbor as many pence due, in change, on a late settlement. “Such an act may appear to some of your young readers as one ot great simplicity and folly—mean spirited— and that such a trifle should have been forgotten. ” It certainly evinced sim plicity—the simplicity of virtue, and I doubt not it was the best day’s work ho ever did—for it went far towards establishing a character for honesty and punctuality. I have known several young lawyers succeed in practice with little else to recommend, while their contempora ries, of ten times their talents, failed of success for want of this virtue.— They were not only punctual in paying over the.sums collected; but in their attendance at their offices—at tho and found the industrious woman and one of her children, by tbe light of the fire, spinning cotton on their distall’s. They were looking at *ne imd singing a low simple air. 1 thought of my dis tance from home, and the lindness of these good people to a strainer, and of Mungo Park and his affecting account of a somewhat similar scenc\ and like him I was.affected even to Gars. Walsh. AN ALARMING EVIL Theje cau be little doubt eft the correctness ofthe premjling opinion, that the consumption oHirdcnt sprits has been, for a few years past,' ah a- lariningly increasing evil in our coin- Uy. By the marshal’s returns in 1810, it appeared that no less than thirty three millions three hundred sixty five hundred and twenty nine gallons of spirit were distilled and imported, for .a single years consumption in the United States; and there is little doubt that this estimate is far short of the truth, as there is probably, every year, a considerable quantity smug gled into tho country, of which of course no account is given. If from that time, the consumption of ardent spirit has kept pace with the popula tion, it will amount to fifty six millions of gallons; but from the increase in the consumption, says a distinguished gentleman of our state, in an elabo rate calculation, from which the fol lowing results are taken, ‘we may safely set it down at sixty millions.— This will give to every individual, man, woman and child, including bond and free, five gallons each. Deduct ing the slaves and children under ten years of age, it will give to the rest not less lhan eight gallons each.” *. [The writer then proceeds to esti mate the cost of liquors to the coun try, and the expenses occasioned by them, at One hundred millions of dol lars u year; and the number of lives lost every year in the same manner, at Tucnlyfivc or thirty thousand. He then proceeds.] Hov can any thing be done eflcc- tually to check this mighty evil? I give the same answer to this question whiehlias repeatedly been given with in the last few months; change pub lic opnion, make it unpopular, un fashiomble to drink spirit. What is the useof applying to Government for a tax upon ardent spirit so large as to place it beyond the reach of the lower classes in the community? Legisla tive enactments which far outrun pub lic opinion, are worth nothing. Fash ion, and custom hold men with a stronger arm than Legislative pre scription. But how change public o- pinion, is it not already an overwhelm ing torrent rolling onward with resist less and increasing power? Man can accomplish wonders both in the phy sical and moral world, he dares even meditate a canal across the isthmus of Darien, expecting to lower the wn- ters in the gulph of Mexico, and per haps to stop the gulph stream, and who that recollects the mighty inoral achievements accomplished in the time of the reformation by the cflorts of a single man, shall despond at the vastness of the change now contear- plated? Let all good men, all well wishers to social life and family quiet; to health, industry and the arts; to re ligion, morals and good government unite their efforts; and by all possible means, but chiefly by their example, in rigidly abstaining from ardent spir it, discourage and discountenance its use, among all within the sphere of their influence.—JMussey's Address. A SUM OF RELIGION. Written by judge Hale, Lord Chief Justice of England w hich was found in a closet amongst his other papers, after his de cease, lie that fears the Lord of Heaven and Earth, walks humbly before Him, thankfully lays hold of the Message ot Redemption by Jesus Christ, and strives to express his thankfulness by the sincerity of his obedience. He is sorry with all his Soul, when he conies short of his Duty. He walks w atch fully, in the Denial of himselt, and holds no Confederacy with any Lust, or known sin; if he fails in the least Measure he is restless till he has made his peace by true Repentance. He is true to his promises, just in his Dealings, charitable to the Poor, sin cere in his devotion. He will not de liberately dishonour God although se cure of impunity. He hath his Hopes and his Conversation in Heaven, and dares not to do any thing unjustly be it ever so much his Advantage; and all this, because he sees Him that is in visible, and fears him because he loves him; fears him as well for his good ness as his Greatness, Such a Man, whether he be an Episcopalian or a Presbyterian, an Independent or Ana baptist whether he wears a surplice, or wears none; whether lie hears Or gans, or whether he hears none; wheth er he kneels at the Communion, or for conscience sake stands or sits, he hath the Life of Religion in him; and • hat Life acts in him; and will con form his Soul to the image of his Sav iour, and go along with him to Luiui* ty, notwithstanding lus PraoLre. or Non-practice of tilings indifferent Ca the other side, if he fears not tin, in ternal God, he can commit bin vi ii presumption; drink excessively, swear vainly or falsely, commit adultery, iie cozen, cheat, his break Promise, live loosely,though at the same time he may be studious to practice every ceremo ny, even to a scrupulous exactness, or may perhaps as stubbornly oppose them: though such an one should try down Bishops, or Presbytery, though he should berebaptised every Day , or declaim against it as Heresy; and though he fast all the Lent, or feast out of Pretence of avoiding Supersti tion; yet notwithstanding these, and a thousand external Conformities, or zealous opjxisition of them, be‘wants the Life of Religion. The Indians of America.-Mr. Flint, in his excellent book, the Geography and History of the Western States, gives a better account of the condi tion and habits, and a more correct i- dea of the character, of the Aborigi nes of our country than can be found any where else. This book will prob ably fall into the hands of few of cur readers, and perhaps we cannot bet ter serve the purposes of our j aper than by transplanting into our columns some of the interesting information it contains. The study of the history, geography, and character of mu vast country and its inhabitants, mry Ire pursued with advantage by ?I!, arid none can be said, at this day. to b. Tid ily informed on these interesting sub- j jects. Indeed the knowledge of the people generally, in this particular, is by far too limited. The greater part of the Indians of the United States dwell in the limits of what Mr. Flint styles the Missis sippi Valley, that is, the western states, including Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas ter ritory, Tennessee, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky and Ohio. The Cherokoes, in many respects the most interesting tribe, of whom we have before given some account, have been most successful in imitating the hab its and institutions of the whites.— They have looms, ploughs, black smiths’ shops, slaves, enclosures, barns, taverns, brick dwellings in some instances, public roads, a code of laws, civil divisions, magistrates, &e. Their laws are severe, energetic,, and promptly administered.—Some of their planters have large enclosures, and fine stocks of cattle and horses, and may be considered rich. One chief, w hom Mr. Flint mentions, has a dozen slayes, fine teams, ploughs, and looms; ne has three wives, and twenty-seven living children. Most ofthe people of the nation dress in a cloth manufactured entirely by their ovvii hands. There are several mis sionary establishments among them, and great and increasing attention is paid to education. A printing press has recently been established among them, from which a weekly newspa per is issued. In the northern parts of Ohio and In diana is an establishment of the Shaw- nees, a tribe once very powerful, but now hastening to decay. The Potta- wattomies and Kickapoos are in Indi ana and Illinois. The Peorias, Kas- kaskias, and Cahokias, that figured so much in the early French history of this country, are almost extinct. Tho Wyandots, Chippcvvays, and Winne- bagoes, or Paunts, hunt further to the northwest, extending their range to Lake Superior. The Choctaws, Seminoles, Baton Rouges, Creeks, and Chickasaws, were powerful tribes be fore the late war, but in that war re ceived a withering check. Tho Sacks, or Saukies, as they call them selves, inhabit the county above and below Rock River, and claim the ter ritory of the lead mines. The la- ways are further up tho river. The Menomene inhabit the Menomene to Lake Michigan. Tho Souix are >till