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til r.'it mi.i,i .... y. j.jje.uq.d.ue sfss.m; tv 1.9 not,* f»v some hundred thousand seres, run off i s high up the Chatta- hoooliy as, by the articles of treaty, it should have been. To the evidence adduced by the ageot Col. Wales, in confirmation of»his opinion, ive are able to iddsoinething of our own. W hile ra' rrsing that country as one of the engineers in the service of the slate,, in I82G, we were personally assured * bv its people that the true dividing i; running westward between (lie Creeks and Cherokees was consider ably of our rout which was di rect from Gales ferry in Gwinnett countv, to the Missionary stand on the ■' Etowah; which latter place, accor ding; to an observation taken, en passant, is in latitude STdeg. ‘28 minutes ' Our informants expressed considerable dis appointment and ‘rejoicing, that they, who conceived themselves within Creek limiis, had been set offto the Cherokees.' They had felt much in quietude from an apprehension that their nation, the Creeks, wool TVrt Jackson, on the 9th day of August j rf jhem have already moved and are . loi4, s ihfct CltV diouiula'rj - hlioutd j n pohstssiou ol 'those ,1 ,<s. botUC commence ai Vann’s Store on the waieisoi i q taugrtiliig party arc now lying OfSiuulgcc. It was the intention oi the iyt Gunters Lauding wailing lor a lute. |t appeals that the preceding ot lids people w ill be tile cause ol consider*, die confusion between the Chero- ceta and the whiles. Our citizens, 1 )ekc\e, would wish to take possession of these improvements, it it were not for their wliito neighbors, who think they have a greater right to them. ere •r he compelled to rel'npnish all 'an Is to-Georgia, in whi- h e- n they 'must needs abandon their •diin/s and tlujjr home: but were tided to learn that th**y had in the i*«u*' h a ei 1 «ft in the quiet possession of both, far within the. Cherokee. Yation. Statesman and Pat. |feor:rar«MBC9V l inTVBnHnnan>» r«Tr»m wwL.jmwmi.rrwas. -> :y KClf** r ~ WEDNESDAY, JIVIU'il 4, 1^29. Th° progress of emigration is but slow. A' rh® present rate, : t will be a greal vrh U h-.'ore the Che: nkee Nation is removed.— An V if the pr.ces now paid for im r >rov®- nients is continued throughout, it w 11 cost th ® Un ; t'*d Slates millions of dollars. It w M 1*® a dear em’gration. The subject is c" iting an increased interest among ou ; ak'zcris—meetings are .held in various pla- C ', and decided and unanimous opinion is ‘grir ii that it is mt to the interest of th® Crw-okees to remove to the w®stern wdder- c s». A meeting, it appear®, was held at •Turkey Town, the result of which the. reader will see in our present number.— Another wa hel!, a f®w da vs ago, at the house of Wilbam Hicks, Esq. An a I- dre«s was drawn in Cherokee, wh'ch was published in our last. It is s gned by a cWmitte® nfseventeen persons, viz: three fro n Hightower, two from P u® C'g, on® from Oostahnah!®e, one from Chiitooge lab, tw i from Diri-town, three from S iringtown and two from Ooog'llogy, W® hope it will not be said, fhat th®s® m®®tings ar® oc casioned bv improper interferon e of th® Clfefs—the Chiefs have had nothing to do with th m. Cherokees at that Coancil to agree with die Creeks on their boundary, winch was then unsettlcc, ami the billowing, ’ which v,c copy from a printed document, was com mitted to writing as expressing the agree ment made bj the paities. The usder-ih vkd, head men, chiefs and warriois of the Clictokce & Creek nations, availing themselves of Ilu* present happy occasion, of tae U litad Suites giving peace and bouti- daries to the Creek nation; and har ing had an amicable interview, tit which the subject of their boundaries has been in the mast friendly manner discussed, have unanimously agreed, that,the following described line shall forever hereafter he acknowledged, by the parties respectively, to he their permanent boundary line, viz: Beginning at a point where Vann’s store formerly stood, on tlie waters of the Orkmnlgec river, this point being well known to the parties respc-live ly; and from thence continued to the Coosa river, crossing the same at the place where the present military road crosses tlie said river, and drawn from theire in a straight line, & eras ing a fork of the Black-warrior rivet a little below the old town burnt by General Coffee; and in the s me di rection continued until it shall inter sect the Chickasaw lands: thence leading to the Flat rock, or old oorne • We are obliged to for his conwmii.i ulion. Utir limits \\ ill not allow us to insert hut a short extract of it. ‘•The Indian is obliged to look up to the white man for pi election. This protection the white man has solemn ly promised to the Indian, in their great Councils. The white man is bound to keep the Indian in his aims, to shelter him from all dangers, and the time has come when this promise must lie put to the test. It is not for me to say in what way it will In disposed. Ail that we con do is to pla< e our confident e in our elder brother—if his promise is violated w e must then be subject to Ins future proceedings for power is in his hands If he says to us, you must move wesi ol the Mississippi, we w ill then, pe> haps be obliged to move, hut it will no. he eoityenifiI to on» feelings- for tl« oimti-y is not desirable—ii is inhabit hj .a few susuge nations of In- ,'J'h* frivolou-? claim advanced by G®®r- g’-i tn a nart of our Country shows,too man- if® c tly, th® nature of h®r boa-ted rights, and th® a.> - co" r®n' a T® inconsistency of her pro®®eding-'. It »ars from the svmmar f-he evidence ® rted by Co!. Wal®«, to prove that th® b-ouii larv line betw ®n th® C ’ ®®o':®®s reeks was as far no -th as tli® High v®r p v®r, that ’hat ®vi lenc.p or.ginates fr >n the Indians, He is all hearsay, -wh'ch wo-i! ’ b® of little avail in a court of law. Th® a ' i; ‘i >nal tesFimonr furnished by th® editor of‘h® S 4 ats.&Pat.(wh'ch «®® in a preceding co’-jmn) is also of the =am® kind—h® heard lo.i'ans «av so an 1 so. Now what ?avs the k>w of G®orgla ? “No Indian or descendant of Indians, residing with n the Creek or C ■ nk®® Nation of Indian*, shall be a com- pnt srtness, or a party to ar.v su : t, to w i-c.h a whiteman is a jiarty.” Will it be eont -nded that th® evidence in question wa giv-a previous to th® passage of the law? The Indians th®n were one® capable oftell- in-r th® truth 'f ihey are not now. Or are th® words oftli® In lian manufacture ' into truth, after passing th® mouth of the white- man in the-form of a deposition? It ap pears that Indians’ testimony will be re- oeired wlv*o It i e considered to th® a Uou tage ofthe Slato, even when the aw de clares such testimonv nnaradinr : n a court of justice, H®w shall we account for such inconsistencies? W stated in our last, that previous to tb® ®*tablishment of tb® pres®nt boundar® in®.b®twee.n th® Creeks and Clwrokees^ th®r* was no other wh’ch consider® 1 a line bv either party. We believe this to It® strict!v correct. We will, how ever, assprt further,that th® Cherokeps hai- a better right to the country couth ofsaid lire-tban tb® Creeks north of ?t~-and it is pot at all unlikely, that .if th® Cherokee* wm '■ as powerful as the State of Georgia, $ were governed bv similar principles,they wetjd now he attempti ng to wrest th® coui- ti®« of Carrol and Coweta from their neigh bors Why? Because many of our cif- Zeno believe, an 1 no doubt can testify to Uigt elicet, th%v the (iifftka m council a boundary, this being known to th Cherokees by the appellation of til- long leafed pine: for this point, viz: Flat rock, or old corner boundary reference is had to the convention mode and concluded at Woshi *gton City, between the United States and the Cherokees, on the 7th day ofJau- uayy 1S0G. ' ^ The parties respectively request ^lajo® General Andrew Jackson to present a certified copy of the above arrangement to their Father, the Pre sident of the United States. Done in the council house at Fort Jackson, the 9th day of August, 1814. The above was however, merely a ver ba! agreement, for it appears that the for mality-of a treaty was not concluded, this having been Inferred at the request ol the principal Chiefs, and by the advice of Maj. Gen. Andrew Jackson. But an instrument was drawn,ex pressing tli® sentiments of the Cherokees and Creeks on the subject,wh ch we request the reader to peruse attent’velv. No intimation is given that either the Ch- 1 - rokecs or Creeks knew of any boundary line then existing. lie it known and remembered. That the Cherokee and Creek chiefs assem bled at Fort Jackson; the first with a view to agree with the latter on a boundary line dividing the. lands nf tin- two nations: That, n proposition liv ing made by the lies! to make a -defin itive settlement of the b i indari: s of said lands, the second replied, that tliev had no objection at some time to settle their boundary with the first: that in the present distressed stale of iheir nation they could not onler into the business with flint consideration and deliberation which the subject required; but that until this could be done they had no objections to the Cherokees setlliug themselves down on Unds which they might deem to he clearly within their proper bounda ries and that it is their desire to live in ami'y with the Cherokees, and would ever consider them as their good fiie'ds and neighbors, and would render them all the friendly ofii ee within their power. Done at Fort Jackson, the 9th day of A ugust, 1814. T!w> above contains the voluntary and friendly arrangement entered into between the Chiefs of the Cherokee nation of Indians, and the Chiefs of the Creek nation, requested to he com mitted to writing and attested hy us \rr-eeahly thereto, the same is com jnitted to writing, and attested I>v us. ANDREW JACKSON, .Maj. f-ev CWng. BENJAMIN HAWKINS, , .4trfTi? of /, ,/J. RETURN J. METCS, Agent for the Cherokees. August 9?A 1814. is] ize them tie ii dians If |ie white man wishes to civil- Indians. «hy does he send o the west? Would a removal thilhe\be civilization? No, I would rather be inclined to think that it would be pUu ing them in a more savage,destitute and deplorable -con dition,, The Indians from time imme morial were savages, and knew noth ing abuit civilization, until iliey min ted vvih the whites—-nil that the In dians blow, they have derived fuoir. their white brethren. Why is it that an attimpt is made to drive them into da’kness again? The cause is avalie.irns disposition. The posses sions of'ihe Indians are quite small and lher numbers are hut insignifi cant, hut they do not wish to he driv en like a great herd of Antelopes.” ment, or I would rather say of those of ' 1 ns ofticerh, who, auer suite ling an i gent ot their choice, and sending him io the nation, enjoining secret-y., tliai he might not he known as an agent, should, after lie had introduced him self, by improper conduct, into a diffi culty, say he was an officer of the Government, and as such should be protected. Col. M Kenney says that it would be a great objdct for the emigrants to ascend as high up the Arkansas as pos sible, and recommended that flat hunts should he built in place of keeled on this subject, and to all whom it may oiicern, that a treaty ol boundary Wag several years ago concluded by said parties, Gen.. McIntosh being eoinv rnissioner on the part of the Creeks, and that a copy of it is deposited iu the War Department at Washington —that the Indian Spring treaty of McIntosh, which cost him his lifeyig annulled and made void,by the suhse- qitsnt treaty of Washington between the United States and Creeks, and in that treaty the boundary line between the Creeks and the. Cherokees is dis-» tinctly acknowledged in writing, and boats on that account. Now did. you i that the United States’ surveyors fol- Thr followirur if an extract of a leltei address®*! to tlie Editor, Hated, Jaffrevvii.le ('. N. Jan. 29, 1829 I write to inform you. thr those of this place, who have emigrat ed for the Aikansas Cotintry have sold Iheir storks and improvement *o citizens of ibe United States Those who have hough* their plnep are at this time moving in, and some FROM our com ESPONDKNT. Washington Citv, ) 8th Feb. ISU9. $ I transmit you hy this mail a Doc ument printed fur me use of Congress, containing a correspondence between Col Tin s. L. M Kenney and Col. Montgomery oh tile subject ol the late plan of (emigration. It unveils some important points, to which we luive hitherto been l-.ept in dgr.kuess, and pci haps may not he uninteresting to our readers in the Nation. \ ou will perceive that Captain Rogers was a confidential agent ol the Secretary « f War s, sent out to open our eyes, ami to “explain to us tliy kind of soil, climate, and the prospects that awailed us in the W est.” Col. M Kenney in his letter to the agent, forming him of this < oniideuliul plen- potentiary appointment, &c. says much, if not all his success w ill de .end upon the keeping of the object of his visit, a Secret, you will by no means make it known A A secret a gent then with an empty Captain's ommission by way of recommend: tion,- whose success depended upon se cret mumigemem and intrigue! He that hath business with us of either a private or public nature, let hirn be open, candid and upright in his actions if he assumes a mysterious character he becomes.at once contemptible, veil to the poorer class. Captain Ro gers is a man well known in this eoun try. anil would I could say advantage ously known as a man of integrity and reputation, since a confidential minis ter to our nation. Explanations, when manufactured hy men to subserve private interest, are not likely to ef fect mu h with people w ho are bet ter able to make their own calculations is to their probable happiness in change of life; and who need not, at this, tim-e, great inducements, or zeal ms efforts of secret agents to wi h-‘in ever to Hie enjoyment of true ■omfort, when offered. Many of the Indian tribes in the North West, yet hip state of heathenish state of ignor inee and degredation, are led impl •illy hy their agents: if this has been 'lie case vyith the Cherokees, I am happy tb say it is far from being so mvv. The means adopted in the af- Yir of Rogers and Spears add noth ing to th? character of the Govern / ever hear of a man before Jliat would prefer a fiat to a keeled boat to navi gate up stream, or that would prefer a tin to a brass kettle in which to boil a huffaloe’s head? He also says th. t it is with the chiefs of the Southern In dians. a fixed purpose, by threats and otherwise, to 1-eep their people from emigrating. The remedy is “thenres- enee oi an armed force!!. ’ Can tKe 'Cher okees he ini hided in this paragraph? I presume they are, as they are often blended with other Trifles, to their in jury in the, public reports. The writer is certainly very ignorant of our condition, or, like the great nabob (M.) cart s too little for rhetoric. At stated periods the Chiefs'are created by the people, and if they are displeas ed at them, and but will it, they can luj.-j them out, npd reduce them to ihe ranks of common citizens. Foi what reasons, then, should the Chiefs be tyrannical, or the people he afraid of their Chiefs. How much better would it have been, if the presence of lhis military force had been recom mended as a remedy for removing in truders from our lauds. You will also perceive that the Honorable Secretary entertains an o- pinion that a greater portion-of the “poorer Indians are disposed to rmi grate.” This opinion l presume is founded upon Col. M’Kenney's report of the Cherokees (without ever see ing them,) after his visit to the Creeks. It is not to be proven hy the fruits of his confidential agent’s ln- ors. 1 am informed that most of those who have enrolled are while men and half breeds, under the prom se of getting large stuns for their im provements. Tho poorer elass of icople are not so soon led into a spec ulation of this kind. Although the a- gent has been guarded against an un necessary waste of a cent of the pub lic money, 1 cannot but believe that crery i ent that has been, or may he ex pended under the treaty of the Ark ansas Cherokees. to induce our re moval, is an unnecessary waste of the public, money, that might have been applied to much hotter uses. Sup pose one half of tho Indians residing within the limits of Georgia were to emigrate, and paid for their improve ments; would this give to the United Stales a title to the land? No: If there were but 500 citizens left in the country, the title would yet he with them, and the United States must enter into a treaty before their title can be legally extinguished. 9th February. I had tho honor of seeing the oeje- brated Indian Chief Red Jacket, who arrived in the City yesterday. The object of his visit I have not learned.^ I am sorry to say that he was already intoxicated when I saw him. I believe he has been accom panied by two or three other Indians. lowed the line from Buzzard Roost on the Chattahoocby river towards thu Mouth of Wills Creek on the Coosa River, to the Forty five mile point on said lipe as provided for hy the Treaty of Washington. For further particu lars I request these claimants to he undeceived by the Hon. M Phersotf Berrien Senator of Georgia, and Mr. Cobb, who were icpresenting the State of Georgia ; at the ratification nf said treaty. JOHN RIDGE. K'l s R[dgf.’s Ferry, Feb. 22, 1829 Mr. Boitdinott, Sir—William B. Wofford of Geor gia, I am informed has started a claim in the legislature of Georgia to a part of our territory, from Sowanny old town, on tliPiChatahoochy river, to the Six’s on the Hightower, and down the river to its intersection with the western charter line of Georgia, em bracing all. or nearly all the District of Hightower; and on his motion, Gov. Forsythe is instructed to obtain proofs of the validity of this claim, under the treaty of the Indian .Springs, con cluded with Gen'. M’Intosh of the Creek Nation, who ceded the whole of the Creek lands in the chartered limits of Georgia. I am also inform ed that affidavits or depositions are taken from citizens of Georgia and the frontier, to corroborate the claim, as having in their recollection, a treaty concluded by the Cherokees with the Creeks, by which the former snrNSn- deredthe lands embraced by the afore mentioned claim. Bo it known, therefore, to said Wofford, who is grossly ignorant of [treaty stipulations* aud to.deponents Coosa RrvFR, in Turkey Towjq C. N. 9th February, 1829. To the Cherokee Pureic, The undersigned, in behalf of a towu meeting, composed of the Citizens of Turkey town, take the liberty of ad dressing you through tin public Jour nal of our Nation, on tie subject of emigration to the west, to which the United States have calk’d their atten tion. The view we taie of this mras- ure. and the sentiments we will take occasion to express, "ill he simple and plain, founded on truth as haneed down to us hy our ancestors. Limit ed in knowledge and possessing but 'll small share of experience, our apold- _y in this attempt i? in the interest we !t*el in every thing jhat concerns tllti well being of our Nation. Our ari- estora settled in this place at a peri* od not now in our recollection. Here was sacred ground, and on this spot the Council-fire blazed with lustre, and here were the dwellings and scats of Kings and our beloved Chiefs!— We speak of days whenVe lived it! the hunter’s state, and when our leet were swift in the track of game. General Washington, after having' smoked the pipe of peace with out* Chiefs, sent us word to discontinue tho pursuit ol vagrant habits,, and n* dopt those more substantial. ai;d be come cultivators of the soil.- His sue-. ccssoi8 pursued, in regard to ns, the same policy, and; sent to us the same Talk from time to time—that as game was precarious and liable to destruc tion, the bosom of the earth afforded means of subsistence, both infinite and inexhaustible. But time wrs not al lowed us to experience lie blessing^ of putting this recommendation to practice by interested wicked white men, who lived near tons, and who esteemed us a nuisance, because the Great Spirit had placed our habitir- tions in a desirable Country^ and be cause they themselves had crossed the Big Water (the Ocean) and had become our neighbors. Tho hitter cup of adversity was filled to us on every side, hy our enunies. Our safety was often endangered hy in- ' trigue and misrepresentation of our character to the General Government; and it was not mental or natural disa bility that opposed itself to our ad- advancement in civilization, hut thf* obstacles placed in our way to reach it- The Indians were represented as incapable of learning the arts of civil ized life, and at the same time, treat ed in the most uncivil manner. 'Ehey were savagely revengeful, beeat so 1h*y had the spirit to resent the mur der of their friends & delations. They were rogues and thieves, because, not knowing the method of legal processes; to obtain justi< e, at:d if they did, tin ir oath decreed to he non-availing,' they retaliated in the same way. Tb- y were drunkards, because ihtoxieolieg liquors were introduced among them. They were disinclined to the study of hooks, because some few superficially educated under had instruction hrd betrayed their countrymen and had set had examples. They were stubborn, because they loved the land that lia'd been endeared to them ns an inherit ance of their fathers. This flood oF inconsistency rage ('with violence over the herds of our Chiefs & swept with its waves, from under their feet, the earth, fqr which they hod struggled for ages past. In this way our terri-. tory diminished, and pur inheritance- was circumscribed to its presenjt iboundjr