Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

i v" ft ms* &wy JcTja^O^. CHEROKEE PH(ES IX, AND INDIANS’ ADVOCATE. PRINTED UNDER THE PATRONAGE, AND FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE CHEROKEE NATION, AND DEVOTED TO THE CAUSE OF INDIANS.—E. LCUDINC'IT, 1D11CK. VOL. II. NEW ECHOTA, WEDNESDAY JULY 1,1829. jyo. 13. PRINTED WEEKLY BY JOHN F. IVHEELElf, At $2 50 if paid in advance, $8 in six months, or $8 50 if paid at the end of the year. To subscribers who can read only the tJh: rolcee language the price will be $2,00 In advance, or $2,50 to be paid within the year. Every subscription will be considered a s ftontinudd unless subscribers give notice to the contrary before the commencement of a hew year,and all arrearages paid. Any person procuring six subscribers,' find becoming responsible for the payment, Shall receive a seventh gratis. Advertisements will be inserted at seven ty-five cents per square for the first inser tion, and thirty-seven and a half cents for tach continuance*, longer ones in propor* tion. All letters addressed to the Editor, jjost paid, will receive du^attention. ttwy AD h*H EC.G 4. r’OAVXiS.I TAAT* JIitfnAa I-4o5U. BS./1E MMUJldty KTA DSP W6JBJ rerz TEJ0o»l^ , ' Dej/5o®p(»-i. TCJ“Z TA0-A TB D6Jr5iBKo®.l, KT Pt-4 O’e.lBa I-4<»JI. DSa»5<SEZ TB yw 0*y./lT D.?p 0>0JEa I*4ofA. OiVjZZ O’CJR UhWh-triey, WI<V* D?^ tveinj i»4(ii)A Vt-iur’, tctz TEaso-r’ do* tua.ap'oju. kt-iz d^p 9ovy#* o’tMB* VaIK D 0 J • AGENTS FOR ’I HE CHEROKEE PHCEN1X, The following persons arc authorized to jreceive subscriptions and payments for the Cherokee Phoenix. Messrs. Peirce &. Williams, No. 20 Market St. Boston, Mass. George M. Tracy, Agent ofthe A. B. C. F. M. New York. Rev. A. D. Eody, Canandaigua, N. Y. Thomas Hastings, Utica, N. Y. Pollard &. Converse, Richmond, Va. Rer. James Campbell, Beaufort, S. C. William Moultrie Reid, Charleston, 3. C. Col. George Smith, Statesville, W. T. William M. Combs, Nashville, Ten. Rev. Bennet Roberts, Powal Me. Mr. Thos. R. Gold, (an itinerant Gen- tk^ian.) Jeremiah Austil, Mobile, Ala. Rev. Cyrus Kingsbury, Mayhew, Choc taw Nation. Capt. William Robertson, Augusta, Georgia. Col. James Turk, Bellfonte, Ala. 81 I I—■—————— INTEMPERANCE. v9» Address on Ardent Spirit, rend be fore the New Hampshire Medical Socie ty, at their annual Meeting, June, 5, 1827. liy R. D. Mussey M, D., at that time President of the Society, and Professor of Anatomy and Surgery, in Dartmouth College. (Concluded.) If ardent spirit be necessary to lieallh and activity, how did the world et along without it for forty eight undred years? How could the Ro man soldiery withstand the frightful onsets of Hannibal, with nothing to drink, Stronger than vinegar and wa ter? Take a soldier of the present day, clothe him with heavy Roman Armour; and give him the pilum and fchort sword, weapons, which, it has been said, ‘conquered the world; and It will soon appeal what blessings we have derived from nlkohol. The modern Achilles cripplis under his load, unable to raise from the ground the instrument with which he is to meet his foe. “But alkohol is certainly useful as « medicine, and it may he resorted to as an antidote to infections.” If it be a good medicine, let it. be used on ly as a medicine. What has a healthy man to do with medicine? Let it be kept only on the shelves of the apothe- «ary. But how does it appear that spirit affords security under exposure to contagion? The history of certain epidemics will show, that they de stroy a larger proportion of tipplers, jdjan of those who are temperate. Two physicians of my acquaintance were called to prnctise in the same epidemick scarlet fever. One drank spirit, freely, the other not at all; they were equally exposed to the conta gion, and botb took the diaeane. The drinker died, the other recovered. If you are exposed to the infectious air of sick rooms, take plain nourishing fond at regular intervals, and unstimu lating drinks. “But if useless as a preventive, is not alkohol important in the treatment of disease?” I admit that it is some times convenient, but 1 deny that it is essential to the practice ol physic or surgery. Do we wish to rekindle the taper of life as it glimmers in a fainting lit, we have ammonia and the volatile oils, and what is better than every thing else, cold water, to be administered by allusion. Is it re quired to produce a tonick effect in a case of long standing debility, the to nick roots, and barks, and woods, im part their invigorating properties to water or acid. Are w r e called upon to relieve pain, opium is altogether superior to alkohol. Do we need a solvent for opium, we have it in the acetous acid. The black drop is one of the best solutions of opium ever in vented. “But what is to be done with the medicinal resins and aromatick oiis, must not they be dissolved in alkohol? ” The medicinal resins do not consti tute a very important class of reme dies, but they may be given in line powder, rubbed with some inert fria ble substance, or dissolved in an es sential oil, or made into an emulsion. The ordinary mode of using them does’ not carry them into the stomach in the state of solution, as they are instant ly precipitated in a floeculeut form on being thrown into water. As for the aromatick oils, they may be given in the form of liquid soap, or emulsion rubbed with alkali, or sugar and water, and in this way they exert their specilick effects. Is the physician required to pre scribe a restorative; if quinine and bark, and bitters, and metallick to nics will not do, shall he prescribe alkohol? This is never certain and always unsafe, inasmuch as there is imminent danger of a permanent rel ish being acquired for it; nor does it compare, in its restorative powers, in cases where the complaint w r as not produced or modified by the previous use of it, with the pure fermented and well preserved juices of the grape and the apple. The factitious wines ex tensively vended in our country, are poor restoratives; they contain a large proportion of alkohol. I maintain then, that, taking into view the danger of making tipplers by giving ardent spirit to the sick, and considering that all its medicinal vir tues are found in other articles, man kind would not on the whole be losers, if it should be banished not only from the houses of every class of t lie com munity, but also from the shops of apothecary. There can be little doubt of the correctness of the prevailing opinion, that the consumption of ardent spirit thas been, for a few years past, an alarmingly,increasing evil in our coun- ry. * By the marshal’s returns in 1810, it appeared that no less than thirty three millions three hundred sixty five thousand five hundred and twenty nine gallons of spirit were distilled and imported, for a single year’s con sumption in thte United States; and there is little doubt that this estimate is far short of the truth, as there is, probably, every year, a considerate quantity smuggled into the country, of which of course no account is given. If from that time, the consumption of ardent spirit has only kept pace with the population, it will amount to fifty six millions of gallons; hut from the increase in the consumption, says a distinguished gentleman of our state, in an elaborate , calculation, from which the following results are taken, ‘we may snfclv set it down at sixty .millions. This will give to every in dividual. man woman and child, inclu ding bond and free, five gallons each. Deducting the slaves and children un der ten years of age, it will give to the rest not less than eight gallons each.’ Is this result impossible? must there be an error in the calcu lation? The common seamen of our navy are allowed a daily ration of half a pint of spirit each. This is a- bout twenty three gallons a year, and when it is considered that hundreds of thousands of our citizens drink twice, thrice or even four times this quantity, the foregoing result will not appear improbable. ‘Sixty millions of gallons, taking into the estimate, the quantity of home distilled spirits disguised and sold for foreign liquors, the free dilu tion of home and imported liquors be fore they reach the consumer, and the large proportion retailed in Small quantities at a price greatly in ad vance of the primary cost, may be fairly reckoned at about one dollar the gallon; but to be within bounds place it at fifty million dollars. If to the actual cost of ardent spirits, we add the loss of time, the waste of property, various expenses of sick ness and law suits occasioned by their use, and the amount expended in the support of paupers reduced to in digence by intemperance, to what an enormous sum will the whole amount? One hundred millions of dollars is probably far short of the truth.’ Let half this sum be annually levied upon the people in the form of a direct tax, and insurrection and revolt would ap pear in every part of our country. From calculations made by the gentleman before alluded to, in which 1 have great confidence, but which are too long to be admitted here, it ap pears in the highest degree probable, that from twenty thousand to thirty thousand persons in the United States, are annually brought to a premature death through the influence of ardent spirit. Place the number at twenty five thousand. One hundred millions of dollars, di vided among the different slates ac cording to their population, would give to New-Humpshire, about two millions five hundred thousand dollars. Apply this sum to the support of gov ernment, of the clergy, and of schools; improve the means of education by the establishment of any reasonable number of high schools, and the most extensive endow ment of the college; make a hundred new public roads; cut canals, and build railways in eve ry useful direction; smooth down the rugged features of the state, by giv ing the most liberal encouragements to agriculture; build up manufactur ing establishments; cherish the useful and the fine arts by large premiums and salaries; endow a hospital in each country, and distribute unheard of sums among the numerous and charit able objects of"the day; send a hun dred missionaries to India, and as many to our western wilderness; and in ten years our treasury would groan under the burden of unappropriated monies. Twenty-five thousand lives in our country in one year! This number multiplied by the time which has elaps- edsince the last peace with Great Brit ain, will give three hundred thou sand, a larger number than met in 1812, on the bloody plains spread out before the ancient city of the Czars. Apply this calculation to the popula tion of Europe, and you have three hundred and seventy-five thousand an nually, or four millions one hundred and tw’enty-five thousand in eleven years, the time since the peace in 1816; a number nearly equal to that swallowed up by that vortex of hu man life, the French revolution, and its consequent wars. How can any thing he done effectu ally to check this mightv evil? I give the same answer to this question which has repeatedly been given Within the last few months; change public opinion, make it unpopular, un fashionable to drink spirit. What is the use of applying to Government for a tax upon ardent spirit so large as to place it beyond the reach of the low er classes in the community? Leg islative enactments which far outiun public opinion, are worth nothin*. Fashion, and custom, hold men with a stronger arm than Legislative pre scription. But how change public opinion;, is it not already an over whelming torrent rolling onward with resistless and increasing power? Man can accomplish wonders both in the physical and moral world; he dares even meditate a canal across the isthmus of Darien, expecting 'o low er the waters in the gulf of Mexico, and perhaps to stop the gulf stream; ami if!.„ that recollects the mighty moral achievements accomplished in the time of the reformation by the ef forts of a single man, shall despond at the vastness of the change now con templated. Let all good men, all well wishers to social life and family quiet; to health, industry and the arts; to re ligion, morals and good government, unite their efforts; and by all possible means, but chiefly by their example, in rigidly abstaining from ardent spir it, discourage and discountenance its use, among all within the sphere cf their influence. ‘I know, says some worthy man, ‘that the evil of spirit drinking is a great one, and I heartily wish we were rid of it; but I have been in the habit of taking it occasionally for some years, and I find it at times par ticularly comfortable to me; and as I am in no danger of becoming intem perate, must I give it up only for the benefit of others?’ You take it fre quently and are fond of it? are you then in no danger? Unconsciousness of danger is no proof of security. There may be some reason for your leaving it off on your own account, but if not, have you not so much regard for your family and the community as to submit to a slight temporary in convenience on their account? A\'li> talk one way and act the other? Your influence is on the side of con duct, not merely of words. What would be said of the physician who should refuse to submit to the pro cesses of cleansing necessary to rid his clothes ofthe infection of small pox, because it would cost him a lit tle time or trouble or oilier inconven ience; while by thus disregarding the regulations instituted for the preser vation of the public health, he would expose his family and his neighbours to the pestilence; and whose sons are more liable to become drinkers of ar dent spirit than the sons of him who sets them the example? But the glorious work of reform has been commenced, and is now in ra pid progress. Within the last half year, societies for the promotion of this object have sprung into existence, like flowers upon the bosom of spring after a long and cold winter; may an abundanco of fruit follow these vigor ous forth puttings of moral effort. i repeat it, let all virtuous men unite to expel the common enemy. He ought not to be allowed a place in Christian society. He is a foreigner, a Mahometan, he was horn in the land of robbers, and he lias establish ed the genuineness of his origin by the millions he has deprived of pro perty, of morals, ami of life. He ha9 come to us in the robe of friend ship, has assured ns of his best re gards, has proffered his aid and so lace in sickness, pain and poverty. Such a friend, who could reject? He has been - received into general fa vour, and admitted to Christian con fidence and companionship, and what reward has he taken for his kind of fices? He has stolen away charac ter, health, property, the rich bless ings and endearments of society and domestic intercourse, the moral sense, life, and the hope of heaven. Gird up then to the combat. Al ways meet him as an enemy; never again admit him to year bosoms; give him no quarter; expel him from your houses; drive him from the land. Al* ways treat him as a murderer; he ha# slain your brothers, he luiks for the Jile blood of your children, he whet# his sabre for you. Farmer, Mechanic, Professional man, Orator, hast thou sought front ardent spirit strength to labour, or in-* genuity or promptness in thy calling, or eloquence in the ball of legislu- tion or justice; it will palsy thine arm, cause thy light band to forget its cunning, and thy tongue to clcare to thy mouth. Christian, what hast thou to expect from strong drink? art thou wmry, and dost thou linger on thine upward journey; and will ardent spirit biing thee sooner or safer to thine home? Dost thou Wait in the sanctmy, hast thou been seperated 1o stand be* fore the congregation; and when thy graces languish, when thy devotion burns feebly and faintly dost thou re* kindle it with alkohol? Ah! come cot near; bring no more this si rang# fire to the altar, lest, from its secieU and holy dwelling, a flame break forth upon thee, and thou be consumed, and (lie people with thee. ENPIANS. From the Newark (N. J.) Eagle. The Indians.—A correspondent of the Georgia Journal. Wiley Thump* sou, has given to the public the sub" stance of a conversation he had w ith President Jackson soon after bis in auguration, on the subject of the In dians in Georgia. He stated to the President that Georgia bad looked with great anxiety to the political change which had placed him in tho federal Executive chair, under the confident hope anil expectation that she would at last have justice ex tended to her; and he was anxious to have it in his power to inform the people of Georgia,when he arrived at home, what course would he pursued in reference to this subject. The President promptly and with appar ent pleasure gave him every assur* mice that the expectations of Geor gia would be realized: He had a!* ready addressed a talk to the Creilj Indians, urging them to emigrate wt st of the Mississippi, by arguments drawn from the impracticability of their remaining a separate people, within the limits ofa sovereign State, and a proper view of their best inter ests in reference to their future wcl* fare. He had also told the Chero kee delegation, when they called on him, that the United States had en tered into a contract with Georgia* by which they solemnly premised to extinguish for her use the Indian tiller to all territory within her limits: (No notice w r as taken of the important qualifying clause, “as soon as it can 1:6 done peaceably and an fair terms:") He told the Cherokees that the claims of Georgia had been too long postponed; that she would make anf effort to force justice; that she pos sessed a right (when and how did she obtain it?) to extend her municipal jurisdiction over them, and to subject them to the control of such rules of action as she might think proper to prescribe to them, provided they be not violative of the constitution of the United States; and that the General Government could not constitutional ly protect them against her exereise ofthat right; that Georgia was irrita ted by delay and frequent disappoint ment, and also by the recent nl tempt ofthe Cherokees to adopt a constitu tion and erect a separate government, which they could not be permitted t6 do: he repeated to them, what he had told them in 1817. that they might emitriate to the country west of the Mississippi, which they and their children should possess forever, and enjoy Ihe friendship and protection of the United States Government, but if they remained in Georgia! they naurt