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CHEaOKEE PHOENIX, AND INDIANS’ ADVOCATE
PRINTED UNDER THE PATRONAI
VOL. III.
iun tit.
ME
iSCO.
PRINTED Wf.FKI.V 71Y
JNO.F. WilKELEIl,
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tion, and thirty-seven and a half cents for
«arh continuance; longer ones in propor-
r tion.
it^PAll letters addressed to the Editor,
past paid, will receive due attention.
imly ol their reasoning made notori-1 fn
ous; light, like noon-day, flashed in on
all Uie concealment, artifice, and in-
tugue, which have marked their pro
ceedings in this whole business. Not
a point, at which they attempted to
taliy their forces, where they were
jiol disgracefully defeated. Every
historical evidence was made to speak
the truth; every false witness turned
out ol court; every sophistical argn :
. virtue of any
compact with the United Stairs is
(he right ot accession to the inoperlv
'vlieii the Indian title shall have been
legitimately and peaceably e.vtii-gu;*li
ed. ”
« tvy j*r.»uo-Ji d ini JE C.6J,
t’e.Vt.Xo®A TAAf u*v* JhtfDAH
DS^IE .IfiWfi.Iofy KTA II/IP O’O.in.l
TCTZ TEA?0-(T» UOJ.SAf 1 c®.l
•Tcrz fUP T.^O-A TU DG.T.Sorl-ov’.I, KT
o^eac.! i-4«ai..x. d?.i,So?ez tt: yiv
DO.LScSFmI.I, 0-yjlT D£P O’GJIJH JE*4r.YH.
iiwyz o j c.u aiiWi*.toty, \vp*v“* ns-a
OfOlU.I F4o'C.l FS.IBJ*, T«"Z TE.vor 1 no*
J/St.apof.i. kt.iz u;>p GoVyw* os.in.
1MK I)GJ.Sinl-oixl.
% "«on.^, n» s k,i v,;;;,, i
of civilized over uncivilized mind,
tights of the king of Great Britain
pretended to have been transferred to
the States, and other topics of the
like nature, which ought not to have
hcen mentioned, except to reprobate
them, in any enlightened assembly.
Some were attempted to lie drawn
from one or two treaties, incorrectly
quoted and totally misunderstood; mis-
I'l,■ j I'epresenlnlioiis, proved to be so, and
he opposers of this iniquitous [ yet maintained, not onlv on the floor
measure plied their task nobly; alert ! of Congr. ss, but in mint T t ;
on tbeir posts, faithful induty, prom, t j part of : - speeches ?f the abettors
N vigorous in their defence of the In- ! of the bi:I consisted of
(Hans, f hough it was m de the grand statements, loosr
is not an
Seventh; That ‘’there
act of Georgia since Op lei home first
planted his foot upon the site of
vannah; there is not a resolve,
dmee, or law of Congress; |! ’
as no common
invented.
“Who
befores
I'.O. £4
mind could have
inaccurate
and unprincipled
measure of the ruling party, and they declamation, appeals to see a hn pro
m e minor,ly, so that they knew- j judiecs, nud’hlio'd, unionTgEonK
men before us decision, that argu- istry, to release the States f o. & * ,11
tnenf mm >i r, c i i P i . .. . c uillus HOlii ail
ever heard of such a thing
i‘id Mr. Eveiett. “Wlrtf
ever read ef such a project? Ten rr
folccn thousand famil/cs to be rooted
( i\ < ! id earned hundreds, ave, a
v . J' ri "-‘U,I miles into the wilderness!
! J , ;. IS nnt f thing on the tui-
. cr- nals °f mankind. It was (he piatf-
nct a treaty of the United States with ! pV-o'r-ti!■* f V'” !y * !,Va S e
the Indian Tribes.—that <Io*>k not fm.d ! I V •/ . 0| , V 0 f K) l |s l ;(> d nations of
to establish the facts tint ii'*Iniio 1 1)11 l( l" : v' ,0 bring home a part of (he.
rv i, s T e,,i S1 ; It:! .tt'TTCTr" 1 ‘ -
lands and limilino-a-.e ■ I . . *' v ns n <‘P’H
v . . » gi’GUtids they
Ion might have put flic que.s
every man m this
to ii . • 3 haVG bt ' cn spoken| obligations to keep their covenanted
to till, Kiging S('a, as to all hojie of in- j engagements. It
nuencmg the result, yet they would
AGENTS FOR THE CHEROKEE
PHtENIX.
The following persons are authorized to
• receive subscriptions and payments for the
Cherokee Phoenix.
Messrs. Peirce & Williams, No. 20
Market St. Boston, Mass.
George M. Traci, Agent of the A. 13.
■C. F. M. New York.
Rev. A. D. Eddy, Canandaigua, N. V.
Thomas Hastings, Utica, N. V.
Rev. James Cami’uell, Beaufort, S. C.
‘ William Moultrie Reid, Charleston,
s. c.
Co!. George Smith, Statesville, W. T.
Jeremiah Ausrtig Mobile, Ala.
U’-v.Cvrus Kincsbcrv, Mayhew, Clioc-
i-'.v y.z r ' n ",
Gapt. William Robertsox, Augusta
Geo.
Cob J oils Turk Rellefontc, Ala.
not be driven from the contest.
1 bvii s was the noble side, H, e cause
not only ol the Indians, but of all (bis
nation; and if clear argument and im
pressive eloquence could have exor
cised the (lemon or party, tl,„i Pq , vnilM
have been the victory. They spoke
like men convinced of the importance
of tiuth, and earnest for iis tri
umph.
in point of argument, wo are in
clined to give the preference to the
, , reserved for
them (o broach the singular doctrine,
“that because the 'President has
sworn to support (lie Constitution, lie
may abrogate any treaty, or repeal
nny la w, which he himself may jinlop
to be inconsistent with that Constitu
tion. ’*
Fourth; Mini it,,-. %; OVV0 or namn-
al moral obligation entertained by the
supporters of the bill were beyond
measure careless and unprincipled;
and that their feelings towards the In
dians were of such a character as
told
of the
instructed
assago of
r - nation, or child on
the frentier, and ho would have
> on until the legislation
•3(cites, aided by inferes
him ol!icnvis(?. / ’ The
Ibis bill goes (o “stultify the senate
oMlic tinted States for a period
! i!; irty-scven years;” till (| lf
Mann, j t he rights of the
(o i m del stood, and
t ion
all nations.
But
di
by
remove
exercise of
conqueror, as then
>n turn practised by
in time of penes. i<>
luiros unofTendmg cemmunilies, sub
ject to our sovereignty indeed, buf
i-esscssing rights guaranteed to (hi m
more than one hundred treaties to
, •'i^ainst their will, by
cj j thousands, to a (list;
I., national j eouiiliy where ti
slat uc hook with nonsense; and make I iife ami
lue history of our country's le<>-iT-> ! ,V 1)1111 en-
'• ma s "' iis I««■
V'Sb'h; That the polity of,ho ! Jj/gS " P’" ™ r "> ""
aciinniistraimn ii 1 1 I ‘ I nman L
r J’ to (in .
10 ‘ ; vcryi Tenth: 'I
t war -.1 • k i ‘' i >'-cs anu re
ail< mid a different
■“ic they must lead a new
• 1! < oiher habits, and
perils
. . H ‘ fonstifi,tion and i 0 1 — -'
j:iinrtple 0 f heiiovolenee, hut ••
urh every precedin'.- r,t,„;.‘
speech of Mr. Sprague; it is exceed- ( ought in justice to have exelu/jad
mgly close and powerful in its rea- ! them from the discussion. 'Ibey
Boning, nor is it wanting in passages j "ere called “poor devils;” sympihy
No where else have in their behalf was ridiculed; (IkL'.
of eloquence.
ue seen the sophistry of the supiiort- most indifferenec manifested in/re
els oMn e bill so glaringly exposed.! S iU ’
vlr. Lvereit s is equally clistiiignish-
ed m hi, part of the subject; be
shows (he enormous absurdity of the
bill from beginning to end. Th ( *
speeches we trust will be in every
man's hands throughout the country:
we will here present a mere skeleton
of some of the points which their pe
rusal makes evident. 1
From the volume before us, and
fifill the whole debate in Congress it
appears, first:
That this measure originated with
die .Stilt H nf - - 1 '■ , '
;<> l>o pursued by the present admin
istration was known before .lie elec
tion of* the President; that his pro
ceedings arc in diiect accordance
with (lie advice of the famous Com
mit lee of (lie Georgia Legislature in
1827; that, apart from this bill, the
policy adopted by him in bis official
intercourse, through commissioners
or otherwise, wi<h the Indians^ is in-
out r
to llvii
I DIANAS.
From die Spirit of tlie Pilgrims,
REVIEW
.oil the speeches of'the Hill for i!tc remo
val of'the rrit'ians.
Concluded.
The invee!igrdion which this sub
ject received in Congress was full
and profound, even beyond our hopes,
livery part of it was examined with
the kce csl lagr.l aceur; cy, and the
truth demonstrated with a power of
.nr it urn ent utterly uresis'ibia. 1'lie
right, of the Cherokecs to the free,
.sovereign, inalienable possession of
their labels, so long as they may
pleaseRo occupy them, was sctlled
by proofs which can never be evaded.
Ko demonstration in Mathematics
oould be mora convincing. No prop
osition in the whole circle of moral
Science was ever established by a
chain of reasoning more perfect ud
beautiful in all its parts, more inevit
able and overwhelming in its conclu
sion. Every division of the argu
ment moves onward in unbroken
strength; not a lino falters; not a expos:
■weak or exposed point in (lie whole
array; firm, deliberate, impem-i rabi*
The suliject was examined not only (
In the light of abstract justice, benev- Second; That (be President, in
olence, and moral obligation; it was virtually abrogating the treaties with
tes cd. and that severely, icpcatedly, j the Indian nations, by taking on liini-
and in every shape, by a reference to sell to inform the Cherokecs that he
had no power to protect them from
aid fo their fnte; the most
ons falsehoods assej ted as
condition.
“but nlns! (said .Mr. H ihle, of
Georgia,) flic Indians melt away )e-
fore I lie while man, like snow boDre
'be sun! V(dl, sir! would you L;op
the snow, and lose the sun?
“It is the order of nature we ex-
< laim against. Jacob will forover
obtain the inheritance of Esau. W e
cannot alter the laws of providence,*
as we read them in the experience of
ages.”
urn, nun weurgiu, uj mu ,;a-
tension of her oppressive Ians over
the Cherokees, not only declares that
they were not before subject to her
jurisdiction, but places herself in o-
pen, actual rebellion against the
statutes of liio United States, calling
for immediate & vigorous interference
on the part of the gen!, government :
That ho w thholding of that i, ter’e
ence by ihc Executive is an
umatt
i'i'l-'incss cl peiilotfs
t»st if ii t ion an;.
t it proposes and
preceding adminici,-iiiniV i 1 i !’ ' 11 l,!t ' , ' l < ' ll l ; b!y unstefi;] <
nl1 ‘ 1 } vilh ,,,t, course pursued "|.y‘ ,/„! | j,!,' r,< 11hl [® lhe l ,ul lil ' money. Five
patriots of (be revolution ~ r< | 'l, I ,hf ' u «»d dollars h '
Incised r O fX; lf. n ° l r 1 M i!Slu y~ it
of his Country. E ( „. * , d j ns! ), V'h'ere; twen . _
the nu thods ,(,„i .. . .“. .U'nis, . n i.I be demanded, < re this
i,,t(: coinplele cxocution!
irimost suPicieut to
ti"iml debt
, , - several ,.-ius
•e niUhotiS adopted in obtaining ecs
“ 0, .' s <J‘ territory fm m
1 Mhos
ve already
is vain (',>
fi ui m it dons nine
. .vo w ’W““
ciyc,nnd not i„ nccoidance will, the ! .ii'rn ‘r ! '^ponded ir
0 /J 1 “ rna, ,i«y•. Hut this has been 1 i, ; rs ^ S'?!' 0r P llljlic ‘ har-
nd lire nai uVe ui u«... \ . '•( i <• fs countiy ih c piido
improbable, nor lake; i! is 'itrstfco..
on to
commissioners
representations and arguments;
human, sordid, and disgraceful to the j connivance with.such rebellion: 'That
nation. I he present Secretary of I Congress, in the passage of the Fi>
YVar directs (be agent of government dian bill, present to the whole world
“to move upon the Cherokecs in the , dm astonishing anomaly of an cnliglit-
line of their oim prejudices’,” not to cned republic, not only refusing to in-
meet them in pencml count f for l the j terferc for the preservation of her laws
when grossly violated, but sanction
consequence would be, ichaiitiias been.
a firm refused to acquiesce-,' but < o ap
peal to the chiefs an ! influential men,
not together, but apart at their oicn
houses -, rind to offer them extensile reser
vationd in fee simple, and ether rewards!'
The character of these unblushing
piopositions of bribery, aud of other
similar suggestions lias been severely
id with full justice to their
author, in the speeches of Messrs.
Sprague, in ihc Senate, and Stores,
ly iu the house of representatives.
I SiypHUfll* T’lmt I (in PracSfln
lias it over originated in the measuics .
of government, w liieh have heretofore j
been strictly upright and constitution- j
pi. Until the present administration,
it has been unheard cl that a ce.;,;^
j of injustice and irtriguc should be
prescribed and marked cut bv the
Executive for the commissioners and
agents of government. Iiul now, cur
o . , | _ | ^ rwv! J t\trr
better than a system of (beating,
bribery, and corruption. It is recom
mended to cajole them out of their
territory; to seduce them into unfa
vorable treaties; to persuade, threat
en, and compel them to relinquish
portion after portion'ef their country.
The. fatal parchment lias been signed
in tears; and if an ind vidua! is prom
^.' ^Tinint in bis opposition, lie is ‘ broke on
,l( ' 0 the spot,” gnd the action is daringly
avowed. It is recommended to send
an ‘■'armed Jnrcc” to the Cherokee
Cl.untry, U* assist in persuading the
natives to remove; and the enforce
ment of the State laws, under whose
operation the President declares that
indisputable cudence: it is arrived
at by a minute statement cf items, in
a dose, accurate business-like
“counting of the cost. ’ It is made
up,— from the criminal pur, mra-
ri/. more than si veil millions ot doUnis:.
from Ibe expense in the payment for
'improvements, more than nine millions:
jfiom the cost if colketicn and terms-
\nnrtntirn. iiiovc than t u o millions;
1 trom the expense of subsistence for me
year of 75,OUO human beings, mme
than four millions,—“to say nothing
of the support, which the Government,
unless il leaves them to starve, uili
indubitably be compelled to fiuvish
them, at the end cf the year, and for
'ears to come;” for the extingvisli-
Ihe Coastutilion. to scores of treaties,
to the history of the Indians, the his
tory of our country, the usage of the
colonics, the practice of all past ad
ministrations, the maxims of national
Jaw. the views of profound lawyers
and statesman, the intiinsie charac
ter of the bill, the practice of Geor
gia herself, and (lie views ol her own
senators. Out of their own mouths
the et omies to the rights of I ho In
dians were convicted. Their soph
istry was laid hare; their luisrepre-
soutations detected; the moral dofor-
the operation of the laws of Georgia,
lias been guilty of violating the con
stitution, and acting in a manner most
dangerous to the safety of the repub
lic. If he can annul treaties or deny
Unit* obligations with one community,
he can with another; and by an ap
proach to despotism hitherto unheard
of, our relations with all foreign pow
ers arc thus left wholly at the mercy
of nun man.
Third; that the arguments in favor
of the bill were derived in great part | Indian Bill in the Senate.—Ed, Chtr,Fha.
ing that violation by tier own solemn
act of approval.
Sixth; that Georgia, by (lie whole
course of her practice from (lie fiist
of !i r existence, and by solemn trea
ties between hei self and the Chero-
kces,. has al ways contradicted her
present
strongly as possible, the full sove
reignty of that nation: That iu 1824,
one of her own Senatois* established
the sovereignty of the Cherokecs by
(tic most conclusive reasoning, in a
deliberate and written opinion,-which
in the late congressional debate he
could not refute, and of which he did
not even attempt a refutation: That
the compact of 1S02, on which Geor
gia so strangely insists for the sup
port of her tyrannical claims, does,
in itself, utterly destroy those claims,
even if no previous or successive trea
ties bet ween the United States and
the Indians could be found in exist
ence. And that ail the right which
*Tli<* writer here refer;* to the .Hon.
Hugh L. W'hiie, who is a Senator from
Tennessee, and who reported the famou
- incut ef tiller beyond the Aikr.nscr
million and a half; for tIk* support of
territorial "*.' et r.rr.cnt r.e.d a Military
Establishment, nearly a million.
Twenty-four mi!
the consequence
non
cf
it
of an adminihtration.
And (his is
the fpeeulaT #
whose grand ti
tle to the public cslerm was to be—
its practices cf economical reform-
the Indians cannot live, is made j Twenty-four millions from the (mis
use of to produce such a pcnuallon.
Ninth; That of all propositions cf
government, all schemes of legisla
tion,.this Rill is the most perfectly U-
| topiun. contradictory and absurd. Of
jail projects that ever entered into tin.
, . • , ... , i head of any political fanatic, it is the
’ 'wildest & most visionary; the most ut
terly destitute of any foundation what
ever in necessity, utility, or common
sense. There is but one feature
which can have operated (o redeem it
from universal contempt} and that is,
the enormous scale of its absurdity.
Vast acts of oppression astonish the
mind, when insignificant ones would
only excite its scorn. If a man kilts
an individual, he is a murderer; when
of a republic so prudent that the
whole expense of the national estab
lishment eou'.l he furnished from the
trappings of a monarchy! Our re
public may be termed '■the miser turn
ed spaulthriftf when her representa
tive s. who have been for years hag
gling and huckstering to ieduce or an
nihilate (lie hard-earned pensions ef
her revolutionary patriots, shall scat
ter t weidy-f utr millions from her
treasury, in t!;^ prosecution of or.o of'
the wildest schemes of inhumanity
ever suggested.
Eleventh; That it leaves the dis
bursement oj'this enormous expendi
ture, without the least specification,
with,in the uncontrolled discretion cf
lie destroys ten thousand, lie becomes one department, at the mercy of one
a hero. There is something in the 1 man. “Five hundred thousand pounds”
extravagance of this plan so gigantic, j said Edmund Burke, animadverting cn
that the mind is overwhelmed by the j the appropriations for unspecified eiv-
eonceplion; we are confounded u ith il expenses, “five hundred thousand
the vastness of (he folly. It is like j pounds is a serious sum. But it is
the wild combinaijon that present : nothing to the prolific principle
themselves to the frenzied imngina- upon which (tie sum was voted, n
tion of the maniac, rather llimi ' f’ie . principle that may w'ell be eaMed, the-
drivel lings of idiocy. It. involves\feuiljvl mother of an hundred more,
such a complication of iarohcreneirs f Neither is this damage to public cr*d-