Newspaper Page Text
XT. BCUEIi.CT, ESITOR
EOSC
SJBlT unxi ATT AUGUST 12, 1821.
VOL.
TIT.T
I’KIN i t * w
,v 1 ' ; not m an tu say tue condition ol the escape the conclusion, that, as a com-: court in the coses of Fletcher 7*. ! Status ,see Meat) ui 1190. i L...»s
IS CS\ BY, • India;j tribes (alluding to Iiie six na- luwnity, tm-y constitute a foreign ua- Pn k, II CTaueh oii 2 Peter's tua. h utted otates o32ij iUe Luiu J
r,t 1 i tn -civ in •••*, 3 in si' t ions,) at iiotmer ami roc ote periods, tioo or state, and thereby become a Rep. JOI and Johnson vs. M’iulush, j Stales always recognizing, ui t 1 iui-
ic»iit!i", or ^3 50 if paid at tin* etui of iln* | has been tnai of subjects or citizens c* nipeient parly to maintain an ac- 8 Wheat 59 J. By the fourth artt- lest-uiaimei, i,10 iio.mu 1 i-Jh oi pus-
of the state; their condition has ecu f ion m tins tout t according to the ex- cle of the treaty "of Hopewell, as I session; am! in the tiealv of the 5 11
*v
M r*2 aO .i‘
;i ad daily changing until they have press terms o! the constitution. early as the yeai'l73J, I jaws of the jol Jan, F w i7, art 6. ^0 Laws L. o.
year.
t’a subscribers who can roa < iinlv lU
('•.{.••(i :pt* language tic* iirin 1 will he S2,00 - v. w .. • 1 , } t , , , ,, , . r - , ■ .
i, ah amc, or ^2,50 to he pari within th< U° si eviwy atmbute of sovereignly,! And why should tills court scruple lotted States, 323. the boundary | ati iun.cr ircmtws «*t u«d-».
year. ’ j anti become entitely dependent upon to consider tins nation a competent line bet ween the Uhcrokces ami hie j to oe in lull force; aim me sanction of
ftvcr> Milv^riptbui will be considered as* j and cubje ■*!■. to our government. lint party to appear here ? j citizens of 1 he United States \v 1 * inn • the Lniteo btalis is gnui to >he pio-
cominaed mdes^ subscribers give notice to j tj li; ra , JS . String carried up to t ie
the.Mtit.-ar: l-etore I In* co .onencemciit ol a coll . t 0 j or , t> i s. i h inee !oi Kent . in a meld, u hos.
11 ' V ' ’ lU1 * 1 4 « 1 nii-in ihers very elaborate and able o, uno.i on " t p« wers s
Am' person p» icunng mv shim.' hums 'j • .. . *
m ? »..*c > ni .2; if>< lonsilile foi ih.* pa nient, ‘that question, came to 1 Cilierenl suvmu»n anc
shall receive a seventh gratis.
e-Vil h*fler^ address d to ill
i>u*t paid, will receive due attention
'conclusion ns to the citizenship of the have tieuted ihi.$ nation
f-.d.r .r Judian, rvifii und-r the strung cireuni-, i hey have considered
Older depai tint »ts of the govern- the limits of the limed Stater, is fix- poscicu ot a puttier, n the n.u.o.. .0
iiip.t il is to d- Cldc ed. jb. gin ilit* 1 aiMidis.'iiit.ul el ii.c-.s
u.tli lie rec-gnised as I he ii.Mi ailicle provides I or the ami it 1 cguUu guw 1 i.ment: iheiibx ic*
ni nations, removal and punishment ol l»: o c i 11 - 'cognizing in <ht a j c
as sui 11.— j Zeus oi the * uited States or oilier isieuce, s.;q ai i< id Imuihgan im.it,-
U compelcut, persons, not being Indians who shall l pendent gu% vntiot 1 l. n jin .i c aim uis-
8,a«).';-3 of the ease. ^ ! in ns poiitiea! aud imtioual capai ity, attempt to settle on iamh so allotted tn.i t liom and in no m.. are. u m.u v <* r
ri v y i j 1 i 11 i>* 1 i n f. s i f r. Cx« .1 ‘ file Oneidas. ’ In* ohser‘vud, y&c to cuter into contracts ot tin* nit.si lo the Indians, iheieky r A onl) si:»-i undt 1 tin- jm isuictn u ,d u i m«u- cf
po vua.i T.i.si- H-v* UaUa.t f kc* irihes coniposhig the six nil-ions solemn cua«actci ; audit these ' on- reedering the cx«-l«isivc possession ot ! <>euigia. cud no ibje..uon is Kuoun 10
t-fi IK .refill.i«y kt.i !>*?!- o n.MM ^ Indians, were Oiignutliy Irce and trams Contain matter for judi- Ihesi lauda 10 this nation. h.;t pi 1 \ id- havt t.ecn math In itmi state.
rv4 ...I '-rz TWO-J 9 I •iidependeiH nations, anc! is is lor the ( cial inquiry, why should we »*e- ; ing »oi the protection .uni cn vines.m And. as:..ie, 1. lot. o Laws I. niu
*r * or.p T^r-v Tii noiA?!‘».c. KT ! counsel who « i.«irnd that they havejilibiJ to entertain jjiisdiefion in th^ of mi h poss» And ii'niavbc.Ad ."..mm liv>.) mother t,cau i^
.DIM 1*4 M tij y V now c-.as-d to be a disiinct people, J »‘asc? Stieh j* lisiiictmu is expressly remarked, in 1 01 ruheration et ulml ! made b ut iiu.,1 g ' tlU 1 a* ivm« imJ , il
and be ome eompictely iu orporated given to this court in cases arising un- lias be* n said in form r pan .r mis to 1 in me. s , s « -111 m, KMcn { y
*vith us to point out the timojder ticatics. U the executive de- j opinion, that there is licit* lira u a ila mmy oj 1M7. In gun mg o..
vh u Mint event fo' lr place; in my partment does not think pioper toi (Parked line e. <!is im-tiou t.» - cm t*n rei lUu that to
vie \ tv*\ have never been regarded ’enter iuio In .*ie*s or conlrai is x\i*h| iho Indians and » iiizens l! the Ui iied ( . tnokt.es hav«
as -iiizens, or members of out body tbe Indi-n nations, no case with tlumj Sran s; entirely ext hiding the form
i> t
it* V T
y ?. >
j f*. i
••'V ?
no • •*>
o-y 1
!' . i V
I JT ••
K *\ l 7.
I .* »- - O ! TV I ’* 4 !
1 ! • y. v. i n e
n 3 -
. no*
o-> i ’ ■
i t a h •
* I' i ; '1 ii
I
p lit**. Thev ha ve a!\v;i) s liet 11. tnd . can ante calling for judicial cogm- cr from the character of citizens.
considered
T!
a V$ . A -* S*
f: Cj
* * * *■ ^ w * 5 * ^
»t tl*lout t 5 ibes, gOVi
own
iis.igcs and • hi’’Is,
Ii «* |vr* .>j* t 1
Ih M »P V
!j»* l'!. !••**< • * vit ’on
‘ r '- D' V. 4, •*• u 1 *
I'T* !'.s*
* :«• • '
der our |***** 1 o«r:ii• m, and
Ilk . ' •: !
in- ’u»r !.»• C ix•
h- u-
cot-1
k.- ton «•> 1 • 1 i -S I; 11! *
ti * ! h an* , l.i.Hi u 1 i* .13
j !.
quin
d, and n > l.tr* h • r.
tiANi v>N
OF Mi AO.
;n’Y.
; ii 've
b» eu gi ;ulu i S v
by
t*u 1
laws as Zanee. But when such tieaties
a re
I'ile w hitt s
cussing upoll
CO
I.CD! O
Jl
l *■ w 1 w i
rio* lw‘ l 1 1 a? til oi the treotv of
•* v oil eo.it i,is -i I ili rccogiiition
e „ . t.
Ui
11*
1 1*
the UleTuke * iiition. T»
rss upon them nil conlidenei» in
pis ii *s> of ibt* f ui'ed S: 4»(*s re-
ring their s, they have a
to send .1 de o;!\ of their eh a e
oi*gi ss. N * one e.m suppose
-» i».it , pu , i' .v is to take his gent
ue rna** of eo _rt*os: hut iln.t be
*. 1 ii“ it 1 as th 0 ajjeot of
n.»ti ni |i 1 ^ ifnmaterial *.vhaf
j ,ez d tt culled, e. hetticr minis-
* "*oai *-*■ 4*1 Or depuiv, he to
1
ip prone lies of ei viliz.lt ion. Well. : e
p i re ha s Ci I the i:ie.tt v r pa< l id their
la ids, dest 1 oyeil ! b.eir 'uinS ing gi minds,
30**d ied tlie o tlderni ss atound theui,
uv* 1 wilt lined them with 011 »* pnpuiii-
fiou. and gradually abridg- d te* i. n..-
tive independc’nee. Still thev are
permitted tu e*i»st as dis'.i et nations,
•e.d v t* enntinue to tr<*.*t with tluir
saeliems in a national capacity, and
as ieiigtlii be.v d 1 epresciPatives oi
he r Tli.ough the whole
HU
el tin*
t i'll ut
tuhiiC to i riliMii e , M is s-iV v Mie
diisststuppi, anu iksirees m «a-
Acaiu, by the treaty of (lolstr-n in her to ccminrio t; ,i.-. -< rrse;*-it ,s
liens pi ope 1 | 1 < 1 I Ui* w s Iniled Siali'S. 1 whieii tluy ilt cin ntrisstn y te >| r
1 am uaa : d.* |'I h»* U?iited Sf p.l«*s purchase a port • I | ei\ ilization xia‘ preseivau ». oft .
latisiyiag my the terrifwiy of this nation, aim a in w nation, fbtil tl-.e treaty betwet . m
junsdic- bonrnla;y line is designated, and a United Sta.es and them, a the b !:• r
j provision made for having i: ascer- July 1817 might without turther ot-
lie next i.-quiry is. whether such tnined and maiked. The mere act lay he finally adjusted, have t ikied
CJ I it 11*1,
lion O
e.tS'
j them, as t>e> l. pt rcccdiag in m the , a case is nia ie om in the bill as to . of purchasing and paying a consider a- to make a Rather concession *‘ 5 ••**
lion tor these lands is n recognition of 6ce. i>is cession is a< v < pteii* , ami
the Indian light. In addition to various stipulations entered i;:
In* r \ t idee. Tii ough
e. mrsc id our co.Jo ;in! histmv, these
( j....... 1 *
r
Tn-
next t
. q u i iv
! S.
«i e
a se
13 Ilia
Jc out
in
w a
ri an
4 litis
CUUll 1:
1 g!
ue
»
I ha*
Y e*v{
eavuun
i*d
Ihv
* ( ii:
,, *• i
« tv t
12 1 i 1 u
is .
am
} as
MCh,
a compe
• tii.
if* 1 a
n <ui ‘
r: giuai
Sul
i i 1. s t
«• »'
1 th«*
Un
Tu
e } j
c* mpb
lint
t IU4
S
1 5 ii :
i‘d all
1 1,
the
r ro
v-'ty
et ‘he <
•on
t 11:
cd i
• » thei
n tj\ th
e 1
tii!
4 cf
t in
United
c
! lie
4 .j.
- M! II! i
on. llse
j* 14
1 antlog any rc
t*: show that
which, the United St «ti s, hy the a view to their
Civifsz; tui'i, m
: o, u 1. n
sevc*nili article, solemn!) guaranty establishment of a regular :Tovei »... • {
to itit* Cherokee 11 tinn all (heir lands whixli lias since keen e « in is‘*» .-I.
• e.e
t
s«
ll I 7 I it«
,r
ot aic vioia-
h ? i*ned utiOu
e
n*.t ceded by tli.it treaty. And by
tiio eiirih article it is dts hired, that
any eitizens ei the United Jit ales,
w lie simil s* 111 * upon auv of ih:
Cli« rolvi'i* hinds, shall Surfeit lie* jiro-
And h% the fifth article it is
cd !h:d 1.!:u while peoj le v
intruded in who shall thc ealk i
ti Ooc- » i, . ;.ji I t*i!s it r-rv d ior
t iuo . ers, sh;,:! he u niuvt'd
S • lJMlf.it*
i
l»o i’ . e
r M
tt
<V »i:»i
ales.
I'm!
n«ic r
re 4 -'1
ri
ui «ns were consult*r* tl (Jejie'.n'ei'it
lie s. Uie cel tnial .iiulioriiif-s nai
tortnlv negotiatti 1 with th*-*-e, ami
; m ide and obseivt d t iva\i«*s ivnh >in m
at no fitness .. s sovereign communities **\t'it*is . ;
1 iet y in :w V 3 ti* h st ipuk t ion. if! t he riff lit of free d -liher.-t mn and .0-
uis 01 on 1 ;> 1
1 - r e *
r>n htnt*ss
ml tion. i
ittrokee n tfi >n !».• i he«*n c onsi*!
(* 1 c t i s 11 i * ■: > i a t c s
to il c;is- s .in l.iw
ir irtie* laws
a ! t i C.i < !:-S 111 all*
m de under llu?
sa me.
(Mills expressiv
n<! it j u« v, a 1 tsiii2
I ? In* ( !i ! ti d Si ;it» s.
or which sha’ii be
auth.oiitv of the
ion
hut, in eousidet at inn • f pint-
in t lie c a * e v *.l
Os!>r»'-n vs t|t Uiii-
t-t'd any w *v in *oi pm ited w nh tlie ; \ ion, ow ieg a q-inlif: i s-dijeetion in 11 tt*d States Batik. 9 'Vf.«*at 819. me
as * oizcns ot jn lional cnpucrv ti t!u- I}, ilibli crown : court say t ai tins eiause in the ct*:i-
t *•(
•iion of t
i.e
L iiitc*«
.! State
3;
• \! 1
id
Mu
l nit ed
.8!
«k 1 <
■ s,
:e.uJ pi tu ceded
VI i'
'•st
( heiekees
m
TV 1 «'.i
tssh tin
*m
or
nut
a C
eo; d
*. >
to
th
e prov isiv !'«; (U
1 ». C
m-t
t e
it S
they slm
11,
dc-a.-e
Oi
1 ‘**9
., r
ut;
t ,
ui, Au acf f :
f g
i li(S lit
:ny
Was
o r de
soon
ft or
Li
de and
iat
c 1
'.‘V J i SC W il jj { tit
t «
:if
the
■ a<i<q»* m
1) O
f t he
pil S'Uit
<
'Oi
:S t I! U-
) < i
c.
i {
0 i
; 1cf * 1 \ c pear*
*■-• 11
i b ft
tin,
a. And
lil
tin’ 1 !
si atiic
Ie
it
1 O
de
fl <
*‘.t U.
1 ->
J
0
•J
I t.uvs t. aitt (|
V. . .
4 4 <•
! <3
eia
; i d i lint
1!
shall
take* *
*lie
et
ft! S
0.
r v
th
IS
ect tile houndai
V In
f s,
()C*
obiiga (
0 ry
lipOi
I the t
•on
ti
ting
t.tili
b ii i
d 1.
V
treaty e. till th
e v;
;li 1-
pm
f U S . s so*»i 1 ;*s tii
tt same
bl!
(Til
J h
1 a v e
ou
s Inc
till n
(r
f tj 1
s are require
d 10
t»e
bt*er» 1 (tilii*
■d 1.
f) the
pi 4 sidv
•lit
f
i lit
!Vi
ert.
me
■i i
: m'u’kc'i!; and
4* Hi
: tig
f ; i 1 it? ot iii‘fit pi, or
1 0
i' state.
The
ih*'i
of
the
Ch'
■ro-
I.*
■4*m bt»iug
cr
n;»id<
'red
C '
t iz**ns
fS
f»U
t I t
•1 v i «*o;
t« i 4
■xit
|] *
verii
i.f
•nr
1* t ; **s *vi
■'ll
* P .,
»i
B*
- t
< j i • '
1 ig
h' b
n *
* ' nt
t ('
** tr
ft '.* V
n
.* n ■»'
‘•*m
! 1 e r
i
* * * , A i .
t , • A U»
a 8
1 Pi?
- *•! St »
S 4 1\)
1 It..
e
- } S;
4 t C;
3 m t i
*t!||l
* e
t * ) tf • V
c (5T>
0
, a’ Pi
nd
t f 4
;o tt
head r> t
*nv
ttt
ratted Si ,1 es, with the iidvh e end
ceoeiM o 1 i»e suiali*; lin rei.y slue*-
c l *!-s that u st (! ; Uheio'.ee m.tion,
Monlu:, :n the treaty cf tlie 2ii of
Xo argument ea.1 be drawn against stiiuti •(» e.ia b-s (hejudiei 1 deput- ingtheea ly ep.ut. n of file govern-
he sovereign!\ of ilie^e lu.’i 11 n <-|mcut to rc’eave junsdietieii to 1 he incut < I die cli ua ter of b* C'..» r »-
0.1 u .ci
it uiiiv
I *10.
tio 3 f- uni 'he* la. t o’ t h »1 ** ha vine: ; I o 11 extent o! tin
• nrrb ; (H ,j !ns . i V( h md then* ! m.U
lx necevsarv here hiirfjv
(Miiis; it ut ion. laws, kee nation.
1 hf cout 1 av 1
is f a 111*
ender ; .iini tiealies ol the 1 idled States, by w ay ol treaty, ami to be 1.11 *-
iwn— w hen Uw\ question respecting them tied 111 the same manner as ail other
di
c
I. *
tv H
the
c'unmu**itv m
• 1 t’o* I indi* now h v w*i v uuMpi.,1 alii * see and still ! only when the subject is submitted to all subsequent treaties
to noti
0 s. m*' ol t he
r*
ox i
iJcIIh of
this at i
ol 1 * I; J. so far
it S
it
goes CO
prolt f t
(11 * * 1 i glils of prope
1 tv
m the
Indians:
h*r the purpose
1 «
of
seeing
w hot tie:'
(here has l*i t-n
i:n
y \
ioiatimi
Cd tin'se
: iglli 8 ox ! Itt 5 ;
ote
' Oi
1
itiiPv resi to
or which feav Jie-eafter he
ad »•»'.! i q fh<* Unit»
v tv * ish to heeoMir fiiizens of
iieil s ( p *s so ako the second
0 of I! e t «* »t v v* i* I) the s ui**
■ 1 snvci e
I Suites, i k; § | 9.4
\ V
\’at. B I. ch. ; ii by 0 party, wh<* as>erts hi lights
I'iic I dians, timugii born' in the form presented bv law. it
gta, w Inch f ills pi«• j * t*. I v u t de 1* j v.di*
And this course was adopitt! by-cial tuguizanct*. |iy this net n is
Via ident V\'ashinglon upon great con- made an offence punislu.bk h\ hue
|ja in
1, of 1*1
• 10 u
of M
:«1
»h
M 4 1«
1.13 1 ll»-
9 ttf*2 "
STIPUP
rr
ion
Vttl ()
f t he he
;\ds )f
fa III ill:
* S
4 XV
< P m;~
;e t n t» °,
aonitt
e»« tzru
, s;
of
iiiii d
Si ,(f’S
; 111 4 * r!
d,v !
n
ru
in y t ‘
i.»t t hev
x cr<»
n d et*'
♦s
ble
vvi*hin nuc territorial limits, are con-j then becomes a case, and the consti- sideration, by and with the previous « ud imprisomernt. for any citizen or
«i'.!ered as horn under the dominion of j t ut 1011 authorizes tho application of j advtec an i coiu urrcnce oi the senate, ether prison resident in the l m*. ed
j In his message sent to the senate on States, or cither oi ti e territorial
then own tribe?*, 'There is nothing I the judicial power
the proceedings oi the United 1 I be question prese nted in the case \ that occasion, ho states, that tne ■ districts, to ctoss yvov go wi*hin
ILI
1 ...sin*- f*u*«v sTjfUtaMon iu la- I Suites during the revolutionary under (he ordinary form of judi- white people had intruded on the In-’the boundary lino, to hunt or de$*. »<>y
v u f.l* tin* hea*l3 if wlio hmv j u hu h »v en* to impair and much less eia! proceedings, to obtain an ihjtiue-! dian lands, as bounded by the t reaty . the gau»e, or tuive stm.k to range
t r.;- i<\ h^eonie fbizrus ot »!,:* U~ i to extinguish the national character j tion to prevent or stay a violation of j of Hopewell, and declares his deter-, or teed on the Indian lands, < r *0
i,ii, .» 1 os; t h • * r eh v •! k'v s’m v-Lf 1 pj ,* s;N nations, and consolidate 1 the rights of property claimed and uiiuat ion to execute the pov\ er entrust- j into any Count ry allot led to tip* ludi*
*t _ I them with our ow n poo;
ople Ik erv
i/•" s it tho time tlios • stip*il.*fions put*fi • ducuiii(*nt speaks a diderent
lv**i;* »*uU*rod into, or the pr« vision:* ianj^u and admits their dislinet
%v * * 11 ! have been entirety 11 nocess >-\ Cx , q, n , i( | coinpe-teuce as nations;
hut idaei d iu tin* s une state ol de
prudence, and calling for the same
protection which existt*d before 'be
l* 1* »u>t :i!ismmI *\*»d tl net fitizeus
Ihpv »? 111 t he aliens or loreitmers, and
fc * * - *» m is' ht* (he <* , oaract <*r •'! ea**h
i idividnul helongian to the nation.
A -d i! was therefore, vervaplly ask-
war. In tlie treaties made with
h. 1,1 hv the complainants, under the ed to him by the constitution to cany ans, wBliout a passport, or to commit
treaties and laws cf the United that treaty into failiilul execution; un- J therein any robbery, larceny, tics-
States, which, it is alleged, have less a new boundary should be among-j pass, or other crime, against the per-
he
B
tc
States, which, it is alleged, have less a new boundary should be among-1 pass, or other crime, against the per-
been violated hy the state of (leorgia. j ed with the Cheiokees, t nibracing ; son cr property of any fricrtliy lud*-
Botli the form, and the subject mot-I the intrusive setllemeet.% and tom-, an, which, would be punishable, if
ler of the complaint, therefore, fall pensating the Cherokees therefor. | commit ted within the jurisdiction of
nronerlv under judicial cognizance. ; And he puts to the senate tliis ques j any state against a citizen of the.
cm! mi ! 1* »* n«*giiinent, and I think not ites peculiar to the
Verv caailv ;insivru*d Imw a nation j ^ ween friendly and indej
properiv umler puhciai cognizance. : auu ue puts 10 me seuaiu mis quea j any
What the rights of property in the, tion; shall tin* United ‘States stipulate; United States; thereby necessarily
Cherokee nation are, may be discov-j solemnly to guaranty the new boiuula- implying that the B dian territory
thi*m we have the forms and requis
he intercourse be- e red from the several treaties which j ry which shall be arranged/ Upon'secured by treaty was not within tu<
inde pendent states; have been mode between the United • which the senate resolve, tiiat in I jurisdiction ol any sta^e. r l he ne
fi .u1in.4Rud of aliens or foreigners, can ; and they are conformable to tin' re-| States and that nation betw een the cose a new, or other boundary than j further provides, that w hen properly
B»* othei than n fmvi-n nation. I reived institutes of the law of nations. I vents HSo and 1S19. It will be un- that stipulated by the treaty of Hope- is taken or destroyed, the offender
The question touching the citizen-j What more deiimnstral 1 * proof can ' necessary to notice many of them. ; well shall be concluded with the shall forfeit and pay twice the value
’ * * , in the most un-' Cherokee Indians, the senate do ad-1 of the property so taken or destroyed.
U * 1 ol
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a fn ban roine under! we require «»f existing and acknoivl-j They all recognize
c.. u ,Ri.f,.| ;,f imi of t lie Supreme * edged sovereignty A' " J qualiliea manner, a right of property j vise and consent solemnly to guaran- And by the 5th section it is declared,
7 r <o k in the rase ofj Iflhisliea jus* view of the Oneida j in this nation, to the occupancy at tee the same. Executive Journal. : that if any citizen ot the United
J . 1.«. , n a ,' ms t (iooilel, 20 Johns | Indians the' rules and principles here Ie st. of the lands in question, ft is . 60. In consequence ol which the States, or other person, shall make
?• • 'pp., |,. SAOr oT t fi«» plaint iff* was applied to that nation may with much i immaterial whether this interest is a treaty of Iloltson was entered into, | a settlement on any lands belonging
I'm* s m ..f mi Oneida Indian w ho hud i greater force he applied to the char-I mere right of occupancy, or an :d»so-
lt c .; v *4> q i >a < (*ul for the lands in I actor, state and condition of the Che-| lute right to the soil 'The complaint
*1 "'Vmii .3 an officer in the revolution | rokee nation of Indians; *mid we may j is fur a violation, or threatened viola-
n , A ;»r: and althouoh the supreme 1 safi'ly conclude that they are not tion, of the possessory right. And ( . # „
r (l.u (ho ( ii cunistanees of the I citizens, arid must of couisc he ties is a right, in the enjoyment of | a consideration paid therefor; and, ns of the boundaries, hy marking trees
containing the guarantee. or secured, or guarantied, hy treaty
Further cessions of land have been; with the United States to any Indian
made at different times by the Cher- tribe; or shall survey or attempt fa
okce nation to the United States, for [survey, such lands, or designate any
; ; ( j f q \ ]r r ns n r*itr/en, ye* aliens; and if aliens in their in livid- which they are entitled to protection the treaties declare, in acknowledge- or otherwise; simh otTender shallT©i
chief juL-tico ^‘ijecr ohsorvedAvo'do ; ui»l capacities, it will be difficult to j according to the doctrine of this j meut for the protection of the United; [See fourth, Fogcjl