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their Improve meet* fnthe mean
time will be occupied by while men,
*nd thus thi population of the i.ountry
Will he gradually, changed. After a
•while the cueinng half breeds will
make forttinesby spIflingYQ (Re United
State*,,for t&? tl|e_ of Georgia, the
whole territory to, which we have
claim This is as certain as the sun
shinps^in cloudless slry;, at noonday.
Meauwnile we are not suffering for
landed cultivate, or for gold'(nines to
work i There is plenty, of both, unoc-
'cupi^d and of a valuable kind. Let
us get the Clicroked country, not by
Jorcevrfraud, but honestly, that we
; i$M#e v with a
good.cPh8cie»ce,.and sustain our char
acter^ as individuals and as a State,
•freft from reproach. Character, to
■an individual or to a Republic, is of
infinitely more value than money, and i they will not bear comparison with »r>t-—
it is far better to be poor, with a good j The "groat work of improvement” among
character, than to be rich with a bad j Miem ha* already commenced, and in the
0U6. Wealth may be acquired by in-J protection of those right* and privileges
.(Tubtry, and sometimes eyeu without I heretofore guaraotfod to them, will cer-^
it —but for a bad character there j» I tninlv go on. To its aid, the truths of re-
bare. Even repentance, with the I ligfon,” some knowledge of mechanic art 6
which have been made toimprovP the con
dition oi the Cherokee*. If the remark,
that "the Indian, indolent in his habits,
is averse to labor in providing, or care in •
preserving,intended to apply to this;
people, however' it might have formerly
applied, jto at plication is at present un
just, and c*nn# be substantiated. A more
enlightened ag« has enabled him justly to
appreciate idrsaer "traditions and institu^
lions,”vu>rl finding them unsatisfactory, lie
has,been led to renounce the "cus*oms of
his fathers.”
The question is asked,—"Shall the}”
(the Indians) “he advised to remain or re
move?” If the. farmer, their fate is re
corded in the annals of llieir«facej” As'thC
Cherekees have been preceded by no na
tion of Indians whose advances have equal
led thpm in improvement, consequently,
df an unjust muni The Communer
finally concludes, to practice honesty
^8 the safest and best policy. Not to
avail himself of the pretended right
conferred by bis gj'apt--not to “touch
the uncleau I,bm£ We highly, op-
prove of bis deTertoiiinUn 11 / ttul ear
nestly exhort our readers to “go aud
,do likewise-”
, /ifthose views, roughly sketched,
and y <Yflj».. > ua;.preleus.i.Qn to lilcraiy
. merit, should be deemed correct, the
^conductors of Ifi© Public Press, in
this JStafe and out of .it, may do seiv
vieg to the gausc of justice and to the
character of the country,, by takiug
some notice of. them. Public opin
ion, to a. Government like ours, is all
powerful; and, the great body of our
ile, ' 1 ; " ’
Much trie re might he added, but-view
ing the ffemarks in general as inapplicable
to the Cherokees, we for the present let
them pass. We shall still look for the
fulfilment of treaty stipulations, and tint:]
they are entirely violated, our confidence
in those whom we have’ been taught to con
sider as our guardians and protectors shall
remain um*a r 1.
We publish this week an article from
the Southern Recorder (a Georgia paper)
disapproving the act of the late legislature,
for the survey and occupancy of our ter
ritory. We are pleased to find that there
arc men in Georgia whd are willing to
come out openly, in defence of right anj
will'll t goctecUy informed, i justice. The E litor of the Recorder
seems to be convinced, that the right of
soil is in theThcroir-'es; and that the State
Georgia has no right whatever, to take
selilwn do,wrung,
JVkr a .,
’■’So®*
- ...... y iy •.
<>»EROKIiF. PnOfii.,,^*
Xv r §SEW ECHOTA. JAN 11, !S82.
• , j ai)o '”nti1 the Indianfitle is extinguish-
l '*'* ' , o by treaty. It has been
ed to the Saw . "’the policy of re-
said, by the advocalev; v, it ^
moving the Indians from tit*
homes, that the Indian title, is but a i.
The report of the. Sac ratary of War,
or tRal part of .it which relates to the • In- .
/dianfi fouud in the columns of .our present j r 'Hhl of occupancy—am! lha* the
number, we take the liberty of accotnpa- i domain is in Georgia, We would ask,
docs this give Ga. the right, to survey
the lands on which we dwell, and to
which the Indian title has not been extin
guished. by the Gen. Government, and dis
tribute. them amongst, her citizens? Car,
Bn" any right, from the laws of na
ture and of justice,do dispossess the Chsr-
oke-efor wlj<tre is the power delated to
her tVo.m the American C u.stitution, to
take possession of the Cherokee territory,
whenever it shall be her pleasure so to do?
— She haa now pasjevl an au? to take posses-
?;op, to deprive th? Cherokecs of lhe.ir
lands of which they have been in posses
sion long before the white man set his foot
on the American continent,' and die does
it ;tn open violation of existing treaties,
which guaranties to (ha Cherokcej (heir
lie is, to certain limits. She docs it
also in violation of h^r own compact with
the General Gove.iiincftj, where the Uni
ted States engage to fixtifl£ui*b the In
dian title within the chartered limits ol
Georgia,' “as early at the same Clift be
peaceably obtained, on reasonable terms.”
It plainlo a p'*ar .r m this, that the State
ofGeorgia did not question the title of
the CherokeesJ to the very same lands
which she is about to take posssesrion.
We cannot view the act of Georgia, in a-
ny other light than open .-ubbery.
We think the Gov. of Georgia and the
advocates of his measures have assumed a
great responsibility, and should certainly
f-arinthe prosecution of such measures,
•fcome awful calamity would bcfal us from
the judgments of Heaven,
nytng with a few remarks—We are glad
.to find in it so much candor, iind'exprew
^•..ofgeod for t)ye welfare of ihe
The right of Slaty teg:«lation' w'F IduT*
B>r fW deeijjoo of (he proper tribunal b--
k’fS, which the Indians will expect to bow.
Jji’i import apt crisis in Iulian affairs'has
•indeed arrived—and it is now with the
pie of ibis great American' Republic to
Je the lufure destiny .of.thitfo t»ibe g
ivf'hTti the lijjJtf of. the IJuit
JJoVl the irteauf ami the power arc at their
pocal— .
With rf^gajd to llie northern and north
Avi'sirrn.tjiiiesj tSyyj»|iK/V Cass.^ivaakfi frem
personal oj;6eiynt.'ctt--V-.> fh ie.fofc sub
mit jo his statfo,'. ids-—i?u< af he ackr.cw'..
fdjjjejj retreat Jig (hy Cheroi ees. tbat his
jii^giucoTi* formed fy*w fueb in'i'ir.'atfoh
ja^Kc has been abic »0 brocur A ,
ing faom Jbirn, shall take tli" hh.v' y' Iff " 01 ’
tee (that j uforarat ion i, doing so from O’je
<rwo experience and know! ' foe of lartt
We are unwilling to 'attribute to the
prevalence »f slavery (he improvement oi
th-Chercdtees. Wha*- "peculiar .^uses”
^re referred-io^e cannot (ell—but the true
causes of their im]wciyegnenl wc ilrink ar R
obvioui—among some of which are, the
’hoftourabn.course pursued towards (hem
hyjformer Administratious, the introduc.
tin* of schools, a change of Government
L a pursuance of reconemendatyins to ex-
.change4hoir-foriher eustoms for the cysr
toius and habilsof civilized weietv.
. The Secretary otW ft ’ art-ert' as -hii'b'
.lie ft that a t‘grcat more of this tribe are liv-
tug iti ignofattue&p vertd” &c,-'vVcadni t
;<n»oy of them are in a slate ofcomparativ-
ligaonta ahdpdvcrtj; but are daily emc
gteg from that ‘.late, and as rapidly as the
^neans will allorv—“snbjeet to the influene
voflheir principal men”—-Who are not?—
Who ought not to bei—What would gov-
^rbinent hi hut a naroo, that had no sub-
Jetts? Bui tlic Cherokees know bv whom
and Row they are governed. They have
jrulerspfAbcirchoice, and in whom they
place coufidenciv—If tliey are dissatisfied,
, their dtaeatisfaciion arises not from a’ state
ofjthingft {existing within thomselves, but
from circumstances now know'll to the
. werld, arising from that change <ff policy
*rJSicb lias bceh put in. aperation with re_
jgard to them.
ALABAMA AND THE CHEROKEE!?.
'L'he following article which appeared
ome time since in the Huntsville Demo
crat is worthy of a perusal. We arc glad
to sec such sentiments emanating; from
a paper Which we supposed represented
ibe views of that portion of (he citizens df
Alabama who have advocated the policy
which Georgia has pursued, and urged up
on their own Slate the iIxpediencv of ex
tending its jurisdiction over the Chero-
kees. Alabama is under a sacred obliga
tion to respect th** rights of the Indiana—
She has given her pledge not to invade
their 'properly, rights and liberty'. Let
her act according to the conditions under
which she beeftme anpndependent State,*
J^f rketl tuicees has attended the efforts ^ t3m Indians residing within her charter
will live in yeadtS and enjoy their firesides, j
having none to molest 4**“. maRc afraid. j
We have been frequently asked j
w!>y • our Journal wus not') employed [
In uvging tlie iiceeasily of extending (
lh« jurisdiction of Alabama, over Ihe
Citerokeo Indians residing within the
territorial limits 'of the State? Wer
aoswer, that we doubt whether the
legislature has authority to do so;
and we will here give our reasons I'ur
doubting, and we should be glad, if
we are in an error, for any gentle
man to correet us. Wip arc told wc
“ought to follow Ike example of
Georgia”—but we ought' fust, ascer
tain whether the example of Georgia
has been founded in Law.of justice:—
It is generally known by 'thosey who
know any thing about the subject^
(hat 111 1803 a compact was entered
into between ibd Stale ol Georgia
and the General GoveiMOcnt, by way
of adjusting certain pierl'jalives,
claimed by both;—that, in tiilit i/Otti-
pact the State of Georgia ccdcu lo
the United States nil that part oPlhc
Mississippi territory that nbtv forms
the States of Alabama and Mississip
pi;—and the Unijed States stipulated,
on their part, 10 extinguish, at their
own expense, foi the use of Georgia,
so early'as the*a‘uib could be peacea
bly obtained, upon reasonable tenhi?,
the Indian title to all the lauds lying
within the chartered limits of that
State. Whether the United Slates
have, in good faith, performed their
part in the contract; or whether the
Stale of Georgia has grossly violated
hcr’s, are questions which wc shall
not, now, attempt to decide. In the
compact of 1802, Georgia made a
requisition of the United States,
which was conceded, andincoijjorated
into the compact, for the future protec
tion of the Indians. The requisition
Was this:—that any new Slate which
might be formed out of the ceded
territory, should be bound by the “or
dinance of the government of the ter
ritory north west of the Ohio.”—Now,
ps we have 6aid above, Alabama is
one of the States formed out of the
ceded territory;’ and tj’as admitted
into the union, expressly^ under all
(he obligations that the ' compact of
1802 had imposed upon her. What,
then, is the language’of the “ordin
ance” by which Alabama is, to this
boynd? Here is a part of it.
vQod jaiih shall always
' "’, e ..J* llie Indians; Ih.ir
be observed low«. Ll - ? .
lands and property shaft. ‘'
ken from thorn without their Cu..! 1 "-']
and in their property rights and libel'-1
/?/, they shr.1l * never be 4 invaded ]
or disturbed, unless in just and’ lawful'
wars, authorized by Congress: but
laws founded m justice and humanity
shall, from time to time, be made for
preventing wrongs being done to
them,” and for preserving peace and
friendship with them. Now, if the
Stato of Ahibnina after thus solemn
ly pledging her' faith to this article ol
the ordinance, as a part ’of the price
ofher admission into’ the* union, can
extend her laws ovef thO Cherokee
Indians, withdut* invading their 'prop
erty, rights, and liberty,' 1 then we say,
let it be done. But if,' 1 on the con
trary, wo arc bound by flic terms that
made us one of the Uuited States;—
, and if Georgia has violated her com-
Ipact, by claiming jurisdiction over
' Urn Cherokee Indilns before the Uui-
{Otl states could, "upon reasonable
termi.p'tactably obtain I he Indian till©,”
that is no authority far our doing the
same. .r nob ■■
This subject has boen so frequent
ly urged upon us, that wo felt it our
duty to investigate it; and our con
viction, et present, is, that the Ala
bama Legislature have net the right
contended for by those,. ,whose pecu
niary interests persuade them to a
contrary opinion. Whatever expe
diency may dictate, -line still small
voice of justice' must beuboard. When
Aristides reported the snhmne of The-
mistocles, of burning tire, fleet of the
allies, he said, ‘it was the most ex
pedient thing that could be done; b.ut
at the same time, the most unjust.”
Upon this report the Senate rejected
what Theraistocles proposed. If the
Legislature of Alabama should he-,
lieve that it is unjust to exteud the
laws of the State over the Chcrt-
kees, we Rope,they will not yield to
what may bo said, to be>expedient,”
_ —-
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© I*4o®.I DIuTElC-of.
Extract from the EuUgy deUotred by
Jno. Q,. Adams, upon Jos. Monroe.
, Have you a son vl ardent feelings
for honorable distinction? Point him
lo the pallid cheek and agonizing
form of James Monroe, at the open
ing blossom of life, weltering iu his
blood on the field oi Trenton, far the
cause of his country. Then turn his
eye to the same form, teven ycais
later, in health and vigor, still in the
bloom of youth, but sealed among
the Conscript Fathers of the land lo
receive, entwined with all its laurels,
the shciithed and triumphant sword of
Washington. Guide ins eyo along lo
the sumo object, investigating by the
midnight lamp, iho laws oi Nature
and nations, and unfolding room, at
once, with ail the convictions of rea
son and all the persuasions of elo
quence, lo demonstrate the lights ol
ids countrymen to ttie contested Nuv-
| igalion of the Mississippi., in the Lluii
ol' Congress.' Follow him with this
trace m his hand, through a Jong se
ries of yeuis, by iaboriuus uaiels,
and intricate nrgocialioiis, at impe
rial courts, fanJ in the pai.ces of
kings, winding his.way amidst the life
| guard favorites and Camarillas of
I'bpaiu. . Tlien look at (he map ol' Uni
ted JNortn America, as u was at the
definitive peace of 11b3. Compare
it with the map oi that same empire
it is bow; limited by tiie Sabine
cd O^can, and say, the
:i U *T iL,.? of any other man,
change, nlfirti r,/.,. , , .
living or dead, it‘a» 1^° “'•** 0
Monroe. See him pass stiupcssiw '
ly Irom the hail of the coufcdarSiion
congress lo the Legislative Assembly
of his native commonwealth; to tfieir
convention, which ratified lh« Con
stitution of the North American Peo
ple; to the Senate ol the Union; to
•their chair of diplomatic intercourse
with uliia-Vevolutiouary France; hack
to the Executive honors o! his name
Slate; again to embassies of trans
cendent magnitude, to France to
Spain to Britain; ictoied once mere
to retirement'& this country;elevated
Again to the highest trust of his Slate;
transferred successively to ihe two
pre-eminent departments of peace &
war, in the National Government;
and at the most momentuis crisis bur-
thened with the duties of both—and,
signally raised,first by the suffrages of
a majority, and at last by the unani
mous call of bis countrymen to the
Chief Magistracy of the Uui'dii.—
There bcfiold him for a term of eight
years, strengthening his couuiry for
defence by a system of combined for
tifications, military and naval; sus
taining her rights, her dignity and hon
or abroad; eoolhing her dissensions,
and conciliating her acerbities at
home; controlling by a firm though
peaceful policy the hostile spirit of
the European Alliance agaiusl Re
publican Southern America; extort
ing by the mild compulsion of reason,
the shores of the Pacific from the
stipulated acknowledgement of Spain;
and leading buck the imperial Auto
crat of thu North, to his lawful boun-
darias, from his hastily asserted do
minion over the Southern Ocean..—
Thus strengthening and consolidating
the federative edifice of bis country’s
Uniou t till he was entitled to say, like
Augustus Caesar, of his imperial city,
that he ti^d found her built of brick,
and left her constructed of marble.
. J ~ ” •
A Deputation of Cbi ifa from (he
Stockbridgc and Oneida Nations of
Indians, now settled at Green Bay>
arrived in Albany on Tbursda —*
They are on thelr tvay itf***fsmi$-
ton, for the purpose of inducing the
Government to adjust difficulties that
have arisen between them aud tire
other Tribes, from whom lands v ere
purchased for the emigrdhts. These
difficult its, we understand, like most
other of a similar nature, are insti
gated by the while speculators who
or© ever prowling about the InJiair
settlements.—Albany Journalt
LcuieViLLt, Dcc.'i.
STEAMBOAT DISASTERS.
The stoamboat Amazon, of Pitts^
burgh, John Towu, Master, was sunk
on the 21st Nov. in the riVer Missis-
s'qipi, about 1 miles below Montgom
ery's Point, in the Arkansas Tcrri-
toiv. After taking in wood at- the
above place she proceeded ou her
voyage, ami in about five minutes af
ter leaving the wood-yard, it was dis
covered by a man in the forecastle
that tl.e waltu'-wos coining into her
very fast, information of which w r as
given to the Captain who immediate
ly articled the Pilot to run her on
the nearest bar, which was done.
She was run fust on a bar, onibfctcff
btujk of lie river not a liaff a aiife'
below (he po. d-yaid, and in less tfjwSf
ten minutes after, the first notice
was given of making w'fitei% Every
possible exertion was inane to fimf
the leak, hut w iihoul success. The
pumps were all kept going, but the
water gained so fast, that in about
| two .liouss her stern sunk ih fifteen’
feet w ater, her bow remained rn n-
bout six feet water. It is supposed
tbat a total loss mutt ensue. The
Amazon left I his port for New-Or-
Icans on the IGlh till, and was ensrfr-
cd by the Louisville Marine and Fire
Insurance Company, for seven thou
sand five hundred dollars, half bor
estimated vslue the remaining half
brrtrg probably cnsuicd at some ciRef
tflire. ' .
'fiic Steamboat Favorite, W\ if/
Horne, Master, from New-Oilcan*
to Nashville, struck a snag tn the
Mississippi, near Island, No. 56, on
tie 22d Nonember, by which he*
hull was destroyed, and from which
it is hrdieved a total loss will ensue.-
The Favorite was ensured hy thcLnu-
isviiie Marine and Fire Insurance
Company, fur ten thousand dollars.
There were no lives lost so far a*
we have heard, in consequence of the
loss of these boats.--[Foctts.
Influenza.—An influenza lias been
prswailnif extensively in tliis city for
lb® last three or four weeks, and still
Continues to afflict many families.—
Its syiiTJ'ioatS a,e tbo same as a< far
mer periods, and are too faitflliar to
every practising physician to rcqnire
enumeration. As in times past, its
immediate ttre not so serious as its
more i emote eonseqoences, and it
becomes all wlu> are seized to wdlclt
vigilantly lest any severe injury comes
of it to some vital organ. BcvernI
case? in. which the disease fins ter
minated in ulcerated sore throat*
have already proved fatal.
The same disease, w'c understand;
is extensively prevalent in New-
York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland.
lies A ted. Journal.
if Fear.—The Cenricr des ;
Elms Unis gives the following ac
count of an experiment said to have
been recently made at. St. Peters
burg. Six condertined criminals w fie
placed in a hospital, and confined in
tho same rooms which had been oc
cupied by sufferers from the cholera.
This fact was unknown to them, and
they remained in good health fo’j
three weeks, making usq *it {her
while of the beds Vchlch had heeji
used by these who died of tjint ‘dis
ease, Their sentence of death was
then pronounced to them, with, a
promise of pardon, if they would en
ter a hospital which had been used
for the cholera patients, nod should
escape the malady. They asked no*
thing better, and were conducted to
a place where the cholera had never
been. In a few days they were at-
tacked from fear of the colera. Four
of them died—only two survived «
. i—
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