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r . Wtlliam E. Holley, Maryville, E.
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EATY
WITH THE
INDIANS,
he following Treaty hasieceived
[assent of the Senate, and having
jviously received the approbation
President of the United States
be expected officially published
early day. Having meanwhile
(allied a copy of it (the injunction
icerecy upon it having been re-
ved) wo anticipate that publica-
^•—jNational Intel.
ARTICLES OF A TREATY.
[tie at the City of Washington be
livenn Lewis Cass, thereto spe*
pially authorized by the President
the United States, and the
>eek tribe of Indians.
Article - 1. The- Creek tribe of
cede to the United States nil
Hr lands east of Mississippi Riv-
2. The^ United Slates eo
?e lo survey the said land as soon
|ihesame can be conveniently be
after the ratification of this trea
and whenthe same itsurveyed, to
Imv ninety principal Chief of the
celt tribe to select one section
h, and every other head of a fam-
to select one half section each,
(tich tracts shall be reserved from
1 for their use for the term of five
unless sooner disposed of by
era. A census of these persons
be taken under the direction of
'President, and the selections shall
i made so as to include the improve
nts of each person within his.selec-
n i if the same can he so made; and
| n ot, then all the persons belonging
) the same town, entitled to selec
* end *who cannot make the same
; to include their improvements
|*ll take Ihgm in one body io,a prop
toroi. And twenty sections shall
P Selected, under the direction
h President for the orphan clul
ofUiie Creeks, and divided and
fed or sold for their benefit, as
^resident may direct. Provided
jmvYftr, that no selections or loca
| 0n * under this treaty, shall be
. T so
ad « as. to include the agency re
rve.
Art. 3 These tracts raay-be con
by the person selecting the
to any other persons for fair
lft *ideralion, in such manner ns the
fcsident may direct. The contract
‘ I he certified by some person ap«
'led for the purpose by the Pres-
but shall not be valid till the
t ent approves the same. A u-
bo given by thp United
^ ■ v
States on the completion of the pay
ment.
Art. 4. At. the end of five years,
all the Creeks entitled to these selec
tions, and desirous of remaining,, shall
receive patents therefor, in fee simple,
from the United States.
Art. 5. All intruders upon the
country hereby ceded shall be re
moved therefrom in the same manner
as intruders may be removed by law
from other public land until the coun
try is surveyed, and the selections
made; excepting, however, from this
provision, those white persons who
have not expelled Creeks from theirs.
Such persons may remain till their
crops are gathered. After the coun
try is surveyed, and the selections
made, this article shall not operate
upon that part of it not included in
such selections. But’intruders shall,
in the manner before described, be
removed from these selections for the
term of five years from the ratifica
tion of this treaty, or until the same
are conveyed to white persons.
Art. 6. Twenty-nine sections, in
addition to the foregoing/ may be lo
cated, and patents for the same shall
then issue to those persons, being
Creeks, to whom the same may be
assigned by the Creek tribe., But
wheitf-ver the grantees of these tracts
shall be so located as to include the
improvements, and hs near as may
be in the centre. And there shall al
so be granted by patent to Benjamin
Marshall one section of land, lo in
clude his improvement on the Cliat-
tahoochy river, lo be bounded for one
mile in a direct line along the said
ivier, and to run back for quafflfty.
There shall also be granted to Jo
seph Bruner, a coloured man, one
half section of land, for his services as
an interpreter.
Art. 7. All the locations author
ized by thistreaty, with the excep
tion of that to Benjamin Marshall,
shall be made in conformity with the
lines of surveys; and the Creeks re-
inquish all claim for improvements.
Art. 8 An additional annuity of
twelve thousand dollars shall be
paid for the term of fifteen years.—
All the annuities du; to the Creeks
shall be paid in such manner as the
tribe may direct.
Art. 9. For the purpose of pav
ing, certain debts due by the Creeks,
and to relieve them in their present
distressed condition, the sum of one
hundred thousand dollars shall be
paid to the Creek tribe, as soon ns
may be, after the ratification hereof,
to be applied to the payment of their
just dabts, and then to their o\vn X®*
lief, and to be distributed as they
may direct, and which shall be* in
full consideration of all improve
ments-
Art. 10. The sum of sixteen
thousand dollars shall be allowed as
a compensation to the delegation sent
to this plftce, and for the payment or
tbeir expenses, and of the claim a-
gainst them.
Art. 11. The following claims
shall be paid by the United States:
For the payment of certain judg
ments obtained against the chiefs,
eight thousand five hundred and sev
enty dollars.
For the payment of improvements
under tlm treaty of 1826, ono thou
sand dollars.
The three following' annuities shall
be paid for life:
To Tuske-hew-haw-Cusetaw, two
hfindred dollars.
To the Blind Usher King, one' hun
dred dollars.
To Neah Mioco, ons hundred dol-
lars. -
There shall' he paid the sum of
fifteen dollars to each person who
has emigrated without expense to
the United States, but tho whole
sum allowed under this provision shall
not exceed fourteen hundred dollars
There shall be divided among the
persons who suffered in consequence
of
of being prevented from emigrating*
three thousand dollars.
The land hereby ce&d shall re
main ns a fund from wsich all the
foregoing payments, except those in
ihe ninth and tcuth articles, shall be
paid. ,
Art. 12. The United Slates are
desirous that the Creeks should re
move lo the country west. of (he
Mississippi, and join Iheir country
men there, and, for this purpose, it is
agreed that as fast as the Creeks are
prepared to emigrate, they shall be
removed at the expense of the United
States, and shall receive subsistence,
while upon their journey, and for one
year after iheir arrival at their new
homes: Provided, however, that this
article shall not be construed so as to
compel any 0«ck Indian lo emigrate,
but they shall be free to go or stay,
as they please.
Art. IS. There shall also be
given to each cmigiatmg warrior a
rifle, mould wiper & ammunition. Sf to
each family one blanket. Three
thousand dollars, to be expended as
the President may direct, shall be al-
lowed, for the term ol twenty years,
for teaching their children. As soon
as half their people emigrate, one
blacksmith shall bo allowed them,
and another when two-thirds emi
grate, together with one ton of iron,
and two hundred weight of steel an
nually for each blacksmith. These
blacksmiths shall be supported for
twenty years.
Art. 14. The Creek country west
of the Mississippi shall be solemnly
guaranteed to the Creek Indians, nor
shall any Stale or Territory ever
have a right to pass laws for the gov
ernment of such Indians, but they
shall be allowed to govern them
selves; so far as may be compatible
with the general jurisdiction ivUrich
Congress may think proper to exor
cise over them. And the United
States will also defend them from the
unjust hostilities of other Indians, and
will also, as soon as boundaries of
the Creek country west of the Mis
sissippi are ascertained, cause a pat
ent or grant to be Executed to the
Creek tribe, n^rertbly to the lhi r d
section of the act of Congress of May
2d, 1830, entitled “An act to pro
vide foi an exchange of lands with
the Indians residing in any of the
States or Territories, and for their
removal west of the Mississippi.'*
Art. ,15.' This treaty shall be ob
ligatory on the contracting parties,
as Eoon as the same shall be ratified
by tlm United States.
In testimony whereof, the said
Lewis Cass, and the undersigned
Chiefs of the said Tribe, have here
unto set their Jraods, at the City' of
Washington, this 24th dav of March,
A. D. 1832
LEWIS CASS,
OPOTHLEHOLO.
TUCHEBATCHEEHADGO,
EFIEMATLA, .
TUCHEBATCHffc MICCO,
WILLIAM McGlLVERY,
BENAMIN MARSHALL.
In the presence of Sarnucl Bell,
William R. King, John Tipton, Will
iam Wilkins, C. C.'Clay, J. Speight,
Samuel' W. Mardis, J. C. Isaacks,
Jno. Crowell, l. A.
Benjamin Marshall, 1
there is too much truth in the stale- concerning females, and acts^commi-
ments. There can be no dout that: edi in the face of worshiping Christian 1
the Cherokees have been unwarrant- Indian Congregations.
ed dealt with, by many of those who
have flocked to their limits in search
of gold.
made a law which excludes Chero
kees from giving evidence against a
white man, should be careful to guard
them with a vigilant-vcye, for the pur-
As every thing like ijvrcng and out
rage toivard'au Indian were tolerated,
Georgia, certainly", having j marauders have stolen half the horses
- - in the nation. Their cattle on pre
tended executions and forgeries have
Thomas Carr,
John H. Brodnax. j
Interpreters.
Cherokees.—We find in the columns
of the Cincinnati American, a warm
opponent of the present administra
tion, a letter from a gentleman,
whose name *is not given, but of
whom the editor says, that his “pub
lic character and services would
claim the implicit confidence of the
reader/' which contains a very vivid
account of the sufferings and endur
ance of the Cherokees in Georgia.
We’would hope that allowances ought
to be made for the prejudices and
feelings of the writer, but fear that
pose of protection against tlie frauds
ar.d depredations to which il is possi
ble that law may have epened the
door.
We give<*.an extract from the arti
cle alluded to, which contains an ac
count af the wrongs said to exist.
Wp think that the author ought to
have put his name to the article—if
it contain nothing hut facts, the w.*i-
ter need not hr a&hamed of it and it
ought to have the advantage of the
weight of a responsible name—if any
part of it be not true, the refutation
ought to carry with it disgrace to the
author.—National Banner.
“The extent of ihe wrongs done this
people has novel' half been laid tic-
lore the American public. Their
bill, (iled in the Supreme Court,
loaded wilh technicalities and iorms,
contained but an out line. I am con
fident no one man recount them—nay
was the whole told, the facts have
so lar outraged decency and proprie
ty, that-, the story would scarcely
gain credence wilh a people who be
lieve that Christianity, morality, and
law, ought all to have binding mllu
cnee with the white population.
The difficulties brought upon the
Indians, arise from the circumstance
that every Georgian has been taught
by the political demagogues of that
state, to feel a direct interest in the
Indian land.
The Stales in times past established
the principle of making divisions offer
vacant territory by lol'eries in small
tracts—each citizen has a chance for
a prize.
Each aspirant for the legislators
when he mounts the stump, seizes
the cupidity of his audience and pro
poses a bargain-elect me ami I will
vote a ticket fo|’ a lot in the (void'Re-
gion in the Indian country. The
lepmtalion takes, and llrty vote for
such as can violate constitution and
tidily to effect the end designed.
AS they are all blinded by inic/cst,
integrity is out of the question. Hence
the passage of those laws which the
Supreme Court of the Uunilcd States
are compelled to declare void for
their conflict with the Federal Con
stitution.
Indulged in this course as Georgia
lias been, the Indian country was lit
erally overrun by intruders. The
Indian agent is a Georgian and has
hen feelings. He affords no protee-
tion, so that the office is useless.
Their lands have been surveyed. The
Indian farms and dw’eilins have been
numbered and scrutinized. If the
Indian is absent, he is reported as
removed, bis rented by an agent, and
when the renter arrives to take pos
session, if the Indian he then in his
house he is thrown out; if he resist he
is beaten and thrust away. If one is
charged with an offence, hu is taken,
lied, 1 and conveyed forty and fifty
miles from home, out of his country,
has a mock trial, is discharged with*
but enquiry after receiving a volley
of curses by way of lecture. They
dare not enforce their own laws a
oainst their own people. If they dig
gold on their own lands or sit ns a
magistrate under their own laws. they,
are subject to punishment in the pen
itentiary of the State.
The commander of a company of
Rangers, who traverse the country,
is a persen of bad mornls. He is
reported to he a bankrupt in proper
ty and tyrant in temper. His cruel
ties may not have extended to tuking
life itself, but abort pf that almost
every other crime.is laid to his
charge*. I should blush to name facts
been driven away. Forged deeds,
bonds aud receipts—in this depart
ment an extensive business has been
carried on wilh perfect impunity;
for the plea is that an Indian cannot
be sworn as a witness against a white
man—therefore the thief and forget
are safe, and the address, as they
wouldAall it, laughed at and appro
bated.
Whiskey and spirits are brought in
from every point trading of every kind
and by every character who chooses,
without license fi< m the agent, is go
ing forward. The. Indian is made?
drunk, cheated, beaten and dismissed.
Human invention has beon exhausted!
in devising the incans of theft, fraud,
and barbarous oppression on an unof
fending people.”
After indulging in a strain calculat
ed to cast censure on the President,
of the United Stales, and saying that
all other Presidents have removed!
intruders and preserved treaties”——
the writer thus concludes.
When I set out upon my journey, f
did not suppose that tnv teetings could
he roused, so as to impress it as a
duly to commit <o paper any note*
touching this misrule. But row L
feel thet it would be a crime to re
main silent. I am not of the order of
philanthropists who think it important,
on all occasions to dwell upon lhfl>
past scenes of Vrongs towards Indi*
ans.— These ppopV, the Cherokees*,
are no longer Barbarians. They are
well informed—possessing the lise of
letters of their own invention —farm
ers and herdsmen. Four years agft
they were happy. The religion of
Jesus Christ was taking a deep hold
Rmongst thorn. The accidental dis
covery of "old in their country. hn(
been a blight to all their prospect**
Unless the strong arm of Government-
is interposed, their rum will follow^*
as certain as antipathy follows from
injuries felt. Believing{seriously that,
these people might have been reclaim
ed, nay were so in cllect—shall (hey,
while unoffending, surrounded by the .
solemn treaties, receive less protcot
lien than the wild red men of the re
mote western forest — be compelled
in the face of the guarantees made
them, to remove & with iliese relapse
iuto barbarity or be cut off by mor&
powerful nations?
FR0J1 ENGLISH PAPERS.
The Luke oj H'ellington*s Estate it*
Spam.—The estates belonging to the
Duke of Wellington lie in tlie lower
part ol Vega, about tw o leagues from
Granada, and all the land is capable-
of irrigation. His Grace's estate*
return About 15,000 dollars per an
num; his rents are paid ih Grata—a-
fixed quantity, not a proportion tnf tli*
crop: a plan beginning to be pretty
universally followed by o*hcr lard-
owners. The Duke has, three Imm-
dred tenants, from which it appear*
that smalt farms are held in the Vrg*
of Grauada; for if the whole rental bfr
divided by three hundred, the aver
age rent of the possessions be bof.!
fifty dollars each. The tenants upon
the Duke's estates are thriving; they :
pay no taxes; and these estates are-»
exempt from many of the heavy bur- ,
dens thrown upon land. A compoai-
tion of six per cent, is accepted trout
the Duke of Wellington in lieu of all
demands.—{Inglis’s Spain in 1830.}
The Duke of Gloucester latdly i* t
earnest conversation withLord Brough
am on the subject or *eforta, grew ao
warm in tlie argument, that lie ob
served hastily, the Chancellor was
very near being a fool, r Broughs in re
plied, that he could not think of con
tradicting ihe Duke* ami difclnggi \