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King must have understood the extent of this principle and the number of our adopted citizens, when he announced the prediction of the tide of emigration to California for the en suing five years. We cannot, with reference to the limits of this sketch, present Mauri tv. to our readers in the numerous fantastical appearances he was forced to assume, which put to the test of unlearning the habits of his old vocation, and be ing drilled into the “school of the soldier.” We pass over the sea Voyage without comment, as presenting nothing but what lias been graphically described. Mauritz began to feel the disadvantages of his exchange af ter half a month spent upon the desolate island, Brazos St. Ja go, and although not a specimen of vegetation, of any charac ter, relieved the vision from the monotony presented by the boundless waste and expanse of water on every liand, that surrounded and often with the fury of the storm-spirit lashed the bleak area of sand which he temporarily occupied, he did not yet entirely despair of fragrant orange groves and the sight of citrons and olives. True, the heat of the vertical sun and its intense glare upon the white sand, parched up the fluid of his body, and the only relief was the lengthened shad ow of his tent, which he eagerly followed as it told the hours of the long day, like the sands of the sun dial of Ahaz.— Withal, his best meal may be judged of from the relish of the best thing it furnished—a simple cup of coffee which lost its aroma in the process of preparation for the humble board. It was made in water taken from six-inch sinks, which our hero himself dug with his fingers in the beach. Our unin initiated readers may at any time test the quality of this de lectable beverage when they may have die inclination to know the substantial force of the arguments operating upon the pat riotism (?) of our hero, by dissolving only a handful of com mon salt in their morning and: evening beverage, and placing themselves near a red hot furnace, which intensifies the sum mer heat of the circumambient atmosphere of their apartments. Mtiuritz only began to despair and deplore his change. This was, however, “ the beginning of the end” of his aptitude for die war. One march of ten miles and he is again upon the continent, but this march in the heat of July impresses upon his memory no very pleasant reminiscences of the famous Bocca Chccco , and does not particularly strengthen his satisfaction with his new life. Tents are pitched in the black mud on the delta of the Rio Grande, and here no change comes over the impressions of Mauritz, and when the heavy rains of that region and the sea son set in, more than once he regretted his enlistment. Straws often indicate the direction of a current, and we must discov er the hidden thoughts of Mauritz from very trivial acts of this part of his soldier-life. Ilis first essay after reaching the enemy’s territory clearly warrants the assumption that up to this period his mind was more constantly engaged upon reap ing from the fruit crop, than splintering lances with the foe man. While in the Brazos, he began to entertain capital doubts whether, after all, any thing vegetated in Mexico *, but here these doubts were dissipated, for when the heavy rains flooded the low grounds, he was detailed to cut out a camping ground, in a dense chnpparal , the character of which can only bo known accurately to those who have been similarly employed in them. This work accomplished and Mauritz momentarily encouraged by the scrubby undergrowth to be seen on the distant hills, he set out to search for fruit, visions of which had so long kept up his spirits, under the real hard ships of his lot. He had not long prosecuted this search, when he found acres of fruit—bearing bushes bending under golden tinted'berries. Who shall describe his feelings on this occasion! Ilis companions gathered around him. He eagerly collected his hand full of fruit and passing them to His mouth, as eagerly masticated them. lie had felt the dou ble-refined extract of heat before, but the berries intensified By the sun which had before produced sensations to which al lusion has been made, seem now to his more delicate organs to have had concentrated in their juices all the essences of pun gent ingredients. “Pithoned, pithoned'!” exclaimed Mauritz, the contor tions of his facial muscles giving occular confirmation of the new alarms awakened in his own bosom. The unhappy fruit hunter had fallen on one of those tempting patches of wild pepper, which abound in that region, and which are decidedly better to be looked at than tasted. “ Pm pithoned,” continued Mauritz, at intervals of his long dVawn respirations, bilking and blowing like one who had fire upon his tongue. I'm pithoned,” reiterated the fruit hunter as the intense heat increased and his pallid face assumed the hue of a corpse. It availed nothing that there was a plentiful supply of the same sort left. Mauritz felt tliat the death-spasm was upon him ; and if during his alarm and actual pains his mind could have been directed to the pictures of the recruiting sergeant, he was now fully prepared to vote them down right Munchau sen. Not being a very bold man, it is strange that he did not fall a victim of terror. But every thing has its end, and ihe disappointed soldier was after some long minutes relieved— This little incident may serve to show how the long cherished dreams of Metterch were dissipated early in the campaign. Upon these we have seen his military ardor rested, and it was not long after the “ baseless fabric” vanished, before it was evident that Mauritz was wretchedly sick of the service.— How soon men sink from the accomplishment of a high pur pose, when the motive that pampers self-interest is impaired. We shall next follow Mauritz after it is announced that his regiment is environed by dangers, and actually marching up on a pass in the mountains said to be held by Canales with sufficient men of all arms to make a desperate stand. As the reports brought in by spies magnified the dangers of this march, our hero began to cast in his mind a scheme for extri cating himself from the service becoming hourly more criti cal. In this the littleness of his intellect was evinced. He Hoped to deceive the surgeon of the regiment, and although the line between a really siek man and one fcignedly so, is palpable to those accustomed to the hospital, he actually in vigorous health threw himself upon the list, and booked his disease in his own language, “ rumatismns .” Ilis own de scription of the character and seat of the disease were as new to the physician as the name by which it was designated. Many true men had sunk under the arduous duties and in cessant exposure of the camp, but is safe to say that if the fa tigue and privations endured by the soldiers had been suffi cient to-impair the health of every man but one in his plat toon, that man, according to all rational expectation, would have been Mauritz. When neither medicine nor the ruma tismns made any effect upon the face of Mauritz, he thought it time to shift the disease, and being near enough the hospit al, guessed the name of the most common ailment. Despite the ridicule of his companions, sufficiently withering to have had a different effect, and the pertinacity of the doctor in refus ing him a discharge, Mauritz continued to report sick. It was the duty of each first sergeant to report a list of the sick of his company ever} 7 day to the physician, those out of the hospital and able to walk generally accompanied the or derly on such occasions. Day after day the name of Mauritz and his woe-begone face haunted and distressed the good Doc tor. The latter was a man not to be deceived, but he did not like to misjudge the motives of another. Bread pills proving inefficacious, the Doctor finally determined to give the pre tender a notion of more real sickness, and ransacking his far rago, lie administered in broken doses a potent and nauseating emetic. It was a hard fight between the medicine and the tough stomach of Mauritz, and for a time the latter seemed to have every advantage ; while the doctor who eagerly watch ed the contest was about to despair. The sickening potion was repeated until its effect was visible, yet the incorrigible j>e tioner for a discharge was not cured. At this juncture, the doctor hearing of the aversion of Mauritz to wild pepper determined to test the virtue of a strong decoetion. The preparation was made and directions as to its use left with the patient. The day succeeding this Mauritz was again seen with ihe orderly at the doctor’s tent, when the following conversation ensued. “ Well, Metterch, how are you to-day ?” inquired the doc tor, with difficulty repressing a smile, as he recalled the di rections and subject of his last interview. “ I pc nich besser as I vash,” replied the patient, placing his hands over the abdomen, the seat of the present disease, by which movement he meant to indicate, with the aid of his countenance, present suffering. “ Did you take my prescription ?” inquired the doctor.— We will explain that at the time the pepper decoction was given, the doctor ordered the patient to use about a quart through the day, itself sufficient for any one man, as its nau seating properties were increased by the addition of a power ful drastic powder. “ I told you to keep your tent,” contin ued the doctor, an ominous cloud overshadowing his face and increasing the sad empliasis upon which lie dwelt. It was a fearful moment with the patient, as he put his own interpreta tion upon the emphatic sentence and foreboding face of the doc tor. “ What brings you out ?” continued the doctor in still , ; more alarming-tone, “ You have not used all the medicine in one day V This question and the serious face of the doctor taken together, left the impression upon more than Mauritz, that if the answer to it was affirmative, that the army farrago of medicine might be exhausted without finding any thing to extract the poison in his system. “ Yes,” stammered the affrighted Mauritz. “In one day !” echoed the doctor, in well feigned alarm. “ How did it serve you ?” Mauritz reading the indication of the doctor’s concern, in his broken lauguage described the convulsive twitches which he had endured during the night. “ How did you take it ? In what quantity ?” “ More as a q-u-quart for breakfast, m-m-more as a q-u ----quart for d-d-dinner, a-n-and m-more a-a-as a q-a-quart for supper,” faltered the patient, under the .mpression that the simple alarm which made him stammer, was nothing more nor less than the death-rattle. “ W-h-e-w,” ejaculated the interrogator, “ its all over. Go back and drink more as another quart, and it may allay your agony and help you to die easy.” And with these words, pregnant of evil to Mauritz, lie turned, without relaxing a muscle of his face, to other patients. Our alarmed hero went off to die, but had no idea of car rying out the suggested plan of the doctor to hasten that event, for it was no pleasant reflection to die in that region, where the last rites to the dead were happily performed, if after his long illness there was enough of his worn blanket left to an swer the double purpose of shroud and coffin. He reached his tent exhausted, and as the exascerbation of the spasm increased, he felt sure that what he had so long feigned was now real. It was dismal to think of dying in that dreary land, in which a coffin was never known, and the hyena propensities of the prairie wolf were to be seen upon every grave. The kind-hearted doctor visited our hero and apparently worked hard to relieve him. The great difficulty was to al lay the fears of the patient. In the course of time he was re stored to health and a petty appointment to menial service, which relieved him from camp duty, and with the recollection of his sufferings induced Mauritz to abandon the sick list. We hope yet to have a better story to tell of Mauritz Mettereh. [For the Georgia Citizen.] Loaves from a Portfolio. Leaf iv. Disinterestedness.— There is no portion of character which commands more universal commendation or more evinces the nobleness of the soul than disinterestedness. Its contempt of all of those advantages applying only to the few, and not to the masses of mankind, enlist for it more sincere love and regard than volumes of eulogies could attain for it. All who profess a true sense of appreciation most ardently admire and respect those who act, in every cause, in a spirit that boasts its freedom from interest or bias. They are re commended to children by careful parents, as sublime exam ples, and in every manner worthy of being followed. The chil dren look upos them and revere them as models they feel proud to follow. Those men who practice this godlike virtue, are they on whom the country relies for the permanency of its social ties, and its perpetuity. Science ranks them as her favorite and foremost devotionalists; virtue names them as the pristine and ceaseless guardians of its purity; and forsooth all laudable enterprises owe their advancement to them. The widow and orphan, the poor and the destitute, and the bend ed form of age and infirmity receive from them such aid and consolation that they for awhile forget all their bereavements. Like the eyes of the traveler in the desert which gladdens at the sight of an oasis, so our eyes gladden when we view a man with a disinterested spirit. The man who is superior to regard of private advantage is, we apprehend, as far above the generality of mankind as the heavens are above the earth. If we would be happy we must choose those for ottr companions, whose hearts are not corrupted by selfish ness ; for then we are confident we are commingling with those who are worthy of our confidence and esteem. A man to be a circumspect Christian must needs be disinterest ed beyond enough to answer his wants. He must never wear the fetters of bias, but have for all men a feeling of friendship approximating the love and deference he has for his Saviour, who suffered the excruciating tortures of the cross, with a spirit of love and unapproachable disinterested ness fortlie deliverance of mankind. SENECA. Cnrrenpknir. LETTER from ATLANTA. Atlanta, April 23, 1850. Dear Doctor: —The examination of Demby, Collins and Mulkey, the precious trio arraigned on suspicion of being con cerned in the extensive robberies from the Depots and Cars in this place, terminated yesterday. Demby was fully exam ined before Justices Buell and White on Friday last, on the complaint of Mr. Orme, Agent of the Georgia Railroad and Banking Company, and required to find hail in the sum of $3,000; and, at the instance of Col. Williamson, Agent of the Macon & Western Railroad Company, who are also hea vy losers by Demby’s light-fingered “operations,” $2,000 ad ditional bail was required. Collins was examined on Satur day, but for want of sufficient evidence of his participation in the “transaction,” he was discharged. Mulkey stood his examination yesterday, and was required to find bail in the sum of SI,OOO. In default of bail, they will both lie taken to-day to the “lock-up” at Decatur, there to await their final trial in September next, before the Superior Court. If jus tice is done them, they will, in all probabilty, he assigned to permanent “ sits” in the State's great work-shop at Milledge ville. The excitement growing out of these examinations has been intense throughout the entire week; and the Court room lias been crowded every day, mostly by persons depen dent upon their daily labor to supply food and raiment for their half-starved families. I understand that my friend Nat Mangum, Esq., attended ’Squire Casey’s Court, about five miles above our city, on Saturday last, where lie plead his client's cause, gained the suit, and whipped the defendant badly! That, I think, was a pretty fair day’s work. On Saturday last another flare-up occurred which in no way tended to allay the previous excitement. A brute hav ing the general appearance of a man, but whose countenance resembles a cake of domestic soap with a few grains of rotten corn stuck in the centre, feeling somewhat belligerent, for a fancied affront, belabored a poor defenceless woman severely with a cane! He was forthwith taken before Justice Buell, who, after a hearing, ordered the graceless scamp to the tombs, in default of S2OO bail. This fellow's name is Cham berlain. He has a wife and several children. Suspicion that A. W. Wheat fired his own premises on Monday night of hist week is entertained by many per sons here; and I understand that his policy of insurance has been protested, still I am unwilling to believe him guilty. I mention this for the purpose of satisfying your readers that our community have not been excited altogether without good cause. One Negro was convicted on Wednesday last of stealing goods from the Depots here, and three or four others confess ed their guilt of the same crime. The one convicted was sen tenced to receive forty stripes; whereupon, the owners of the others agreed to waive a formal trial and submit tliat theirs should receive a like punishment. Accordingly, on Wednesday night they were whipped and immediately turn ed loose. For my part, I consider the sentence of the Court just no punishment at all; but rather as a carte blanc to eve ry negro to steal till he can. Had these fellows received their just punishment., they would each have been branded, cropped, or publicly whipped for ten or fifteen consecutive days. But negroes are “ private property” and the private rights of individuals must not be infringed upon, even though the whole community arc plundered ! A scoundrel named Sims was arrested this morning on a charge of high-way robbery. It appears that he enticed an old man named Foote into the woods, and arriving at a se cluded sj>ot demanded the old man’s money. Finding him destitute ol tliat needful article, he compelled him to give up a copy of a note (the original being lost) for $250. Siins es caped shortly after his arrest, but was re-captured, and will be sent to Decatur to-morrow to await J udge Hill's semi-an nual visit, in September next. I have just learned that an altercation arose yesterday be tween two individuals, living about twelve from this city, when one of them dealt the other a blow on the head with a hoe, which is likely to prove fatal! I)o you doubt that we live in a great country ? If so, come up, and be undeceived. I pray that the ensuing Legislature will grant us a Court, to be per in §s©§u emisH. petually in session, for the trial and punishment of a portion at least of the thousand and one outrages against the Laws that are daily committed in our midst. Until the community can be thoroughly purged of its villians, thieves, cut-throats, w -s and w——mongers, I am decidedly in favor of sum mary punishment! I have not, as yet, been able to get all the information I de sire in regard to certain matters connected with the manage ment of the State Railroad ; but have concluded to give one item now, and continue the exposition as facts come to my knowledge. Most of your readers will remember what a hub bub was raised in, and how much precious time w 7 as consum ed by, the hist Legislature, in reference to granting to the Contractors, Messrs. Gray & Cos., extra pay for work done on the Tunnel; and that the matter was finally referred to a Committee of practical Civil Engineers, who were requested to examine the work and report to the Governor. It will be remembered also, by all who take any note of the matter, that the Chief Engineer was, next to the Contractors, more solici tous than all others besides, to press the claim through the Legislature. What, then, I ask, can be thought of his “ de votion to the interests of the Stale,” when it is known that, even prior to the sitting of the Legislature, the Chief Engineer had (by curtailment of the length of the Road, and the sub stitution of lighter and inferior work on the extension above Dalton) favored the said Contractors to the handsome amount of about thirty-one thousand, dollars ? This fact is not gen erally known ; and I trust that this notice will meet the eyes of the Committee appointed to adjudicate the Contractors’ claim, that justice may be done our good old Commonw 7 ealth. The weather has been delightful for several days past, with occasional showers, which have generally been attended by lightning, but no thunder. Vegetation, which is very back ward for the season, is rapidly expanding, and all Nature looks gay, smiling and happy. Yours, truly, GABRIEL. LETTER from COLEIBUS. Columbus, April 20, 1850. “ My Dear Citizen —l hope you will excuse my apparent negligence, of late, when I assure you, that it arose from cir cumstances entirely beyond my control. Nothing of much importance has taken place since my last. Occasionally we have a drunken row as the weather becomes warm—a hair pulling scrape between a “Boss” and his Journeyman, and various minor incidents which would not interest your gene ral readers. “ Uncle Dabney”—alias D. P. Jones, the Lecturer on Temperance, has been here, holding forth on the subject of the abuse of alcoholic potations, lie is so well known, how ever, as the advocate of sobriety, that I need not describe any of the peculiar points of his Addresses against King Bacchus. The California mania, which has been raging here for some time, has slain many victims; and would, no doubt, slay ma ny more, but for the one thing needful. Some fifteen or twenty will start for the u land of Ophir” between this and Wednes day morning, to meet the steamer at New Orleans, on the first of May; some of them men of families, and all of them good citizens, each one carrying with him the prayers of some, and the good wishes of the whole community for his pros perity end safe return to family and friends. Many worthy men are compelled to stay at home, for the want of means, and all sorts of games have been played for the purpose of borrowing, but with little success. Monied men generally keep their eyes skinned, and will hardly loan a man an X unless he pawps a doubloon ! I will relate a scene of last evening. It appears that several poor men had asked a certain monied man to loan them means to carry them to California. He agreed to meet them at a certain bar-room , when he would inform them what he could do. Well, night came, and the poor fellows were dropping in, one by one, into the bar-room, each one believing the others to be on dif ferent business—where they waited for some time for the monied friend, but he not coming as soon as expected, one puts for the door, sees one or two fellows going down the street in a great hurry, turn a corner, and immediately a roar of laughter is heard! Well, sir, that laugh arose from the monied man and his associates, who had been watching with fiendish delight, through the window, the restless anxiety of the poor fellows at the sound of footsteps at the door. AVe will not be permitted to witness another such a scene, for rn mor hm it tlit, a number of wealthy gentlemen, l notorious for their benevolent acts , arc forming a society for the pur pose of loaning money to the needy. Among the most prom inent are Iv. M. Iv*****. Major F*****. K. E P****, Dr. B**** and W. A****. Some say that G. ll******* is to be the Treasurer. I wish them great success, but hope that they wi ll not send so many to California as to injure the interests of property at home. I notice, among the number who are up for the “Mines,” a certain “knight” and “deacon” whose place we (the mcm bers of the “root and branch society”) will have to fill. T wish you to recommend someone for the station. Perhaps your tall win- some young friend, who is so well versed in the un standings of men, can he induced to accept the position.— We want a grave and elevated genius for the post, who never writes any “ Bucket Letters” nor edits such explosive journals as the “ Bomb-shell” of 1848, and I know of no one better calculated than he to fill the place lately filled with so much dignity and unction, by the man of “erosive soap” and “tooth ache” tincture! The times are getting pretty dull, in this city, but compar atively few planters coming to town at this propitious season for putting seed into the ground. Mr. Truax, the blind Musician, gives a Concert on Thurs day evening next, and gravely announces that the Moon lias kindly volunteered to aid him on the occasion ! Hope it will Ik? no “moon hoax” affair, or a yankce trick to “raise the wind.” Were it not for Mr. T’s misfortune of blindness, which so strongly appeals to the charitable sympathy of the public, we do not suppose that such concerts would receive much patronage from the cognoscenti and dillitanti of our village. Os the Nashville Convention I hear scarcely any thing said, at this time. The “ Fire-Eaters” have cooled off amaz ingly since the election, and 1 have no doubt some of them will eventually be sicker of the joke than any of those whoso distinguished themselves on the Rio Grande during the Mex ican war by getting sick and remaining so, until out of sight of the “ ehapparals,” but who soon after arrived at home in a reasonably sound condition ! If I do not mistake the “signs of the times,” burnt brandy will not save the Nash ville Delegates from the public scorn which awaits every moth er’s son of them who meditates treason against our beloved Union. In all sincerity, I remain yours, &c. CATO. LETTER from AUGUSTA. Augusta City, April 20, 1850. Dear Doctor :—T have the pleasing duty to perform of ad vising the Georgia Citizen, of one City of this great Com monwealth, enjoying peace, plenty and prosperity. And in the words of Dow, jr., “so mote it ever he.” Broad St. Au gusta, may well lie called the Wall St. of Georgia ; we hope however, not in the way of deep shaves, but as regards her Banking Capital and institutions, and also the numerous pri vate capitalists who are to be found in our city. And the pro bability is, that the number will be increased as our manufac tures and trade with the States of Alabama, Tennessee, South Carolina, and the interior of Georgia increases. These great chains of Rail Roads which are penetrating those rich and fertile rallies of Tennessee are destined, at no very distant day, to enrich our citizens and add to the wealth of all the cities in Georgia. Our Banks are all in good condition and doing a healthy business; if we are to judge from the dividends declared bn the first of the present month, they have done admirably du ring the past winter. The Georgia Rail Road Bank declar ed a dividend of 3 1-2 per cent, for the List 6 months, which is quite gratifying to the friends of the Road. The Mechan ics’ Bank here also declared a dividend of ten per cent, on their capital of five hundred thousand dollars. Also, the Bank of Brunswick one of fifteen per cent. This Bank had their charter amended at the last session of the Legislature, giving them the privilege of increasing their capital to five hundred thousand dollars. Their present capital is two hundred thousand dollars. It was formerly located tit the town of Brunswick, but afterwards allowed to remove to Au gusta by permission of the Legislature, and is one of the soundest Banks of the State. The amount, of Banking Cap ital employed in our city is not less than two and half millions of dollars. The amusements in and about our city have increased with the improvement of the weather. Last Monday the steamer Hancock made an excursion trip down the Savannah river as far as the Silver Bluff. She left the wharf at 2 o’clock P. M., and returned at 10 same evening. As is usual, a large and well assorted crowd was on board, upon the occasion. They had a band of music and a cannon, to suit the tastes of all concerned. Down the river they went with colors flying, mu sic playing and cannon roaring, and the old shores of Geor gia and Carolina echoed back its sound of joy and mirth ; but, to their utter consternation, dancing was not to be found in the bill of Hire. The Captain belongs to the church or the church belongs to the Captain, I don't know which, and the delightful, beautiful and lovely amusement of dancing was not in the bill! Ilcre they were ready to mix in the dance, saints anil sinners, cod-fish aristocrats and plebians, shirt makers and bankers, loafers and swelled heads, butchers and braggarts—their fun all knocked into pie. The would-be upper ten had a Pic Nic up the Canal, which, from all accounts, passed off much to their gratification. On Friday evening our neighbors over the river gave a grand Pic Nic on Shultz’s Hill. It was well worthy of the fame of that ancient city of Hamburg. The place of meet ing was on the brow of the bill in a beautiful grove. Nearby the clear, pure water bubbled up from a copious spring. All around were fires of pine wood, giving light, heat and smoke, and a few candles for the benefit of those on the platform and the musicians. All being ready, the word was given—“ take partners for first cotillion.” Such scrambling, running, dodg ing and hopping, (fee., as ensued can be better imagined than described. The ladies were found to be quite scarce, only one to five gentlemen. Many of the gentlemen left the ground in disgust , declaring that they never saw such a party, and broke for home ; others took a drink and tried it again. The fair sex who went with white dresses and faces got con siderably smoked as well as danced. It was decidedly the richest Pic Nic of the season, and will long be green in the memories of many,particularly Mr. D , who unfortunate ly was caught talking with a fair lady on the platform with his beaver on. Poor fellow ! perhaps his head was cold.— He probably forgot that he was in the gallant city of Ham burg. A fire, a few nights ago, burnt up a small wooden kitchen in the upper part of the city, doing but little damage. Our fire department is in a very effectual condition, which, no doubt, is quite gratifying to our Insurnnee Companies, who are very willing to avail themselves of their services, but are apt to forget that merit ever has any reward. The flare up of Messrs. Foote and Benton has created quite a sensation in our city. It was certainly a shameful af fair. Tt would be an honor to the Senate to expel them from their seats. “Coming events east their shadows before them.” What may we not expect to see in this en lightened age, among an enlightened and highly civilized peo ple. We will hope to see the Union perpetuated, and we do believe that it will last forever. I remain, Respectfully, yours, RICHMOND. LETTER from SAVANNAH. Savannah, April 22 d, 1850. Dear Doctor : — I regret that you have not heard from “Seaboard” for some weeks. It has been for want of op portunity on my part, but I hope to make amends. 1 have received your paper regularly and am pleased with its ap pearance, in every respect: may success, as you deserve, at tend you. Since my last, many things have transpired worthy of note, but l can only give you a few items. The delegates to the Nashville Convention were nominated by a small meet ing of citizens at the Exchange. Judge Law made a speech. It was well tempered, but the gentleman gave no intimation of what course he would pursue in the Convention. It is very likely he don't know what he will do, like many others. Dr. Wm. C. Daniels also spoke. This gentleman is a large slave holder, and spoke with much warmth on the subject of “northern aggression,” in fact, like one who felt really in terested, as no doubt he is, but perhaps if it came to fighting for his negroes, he would hire a drunken substitute at $1 per diem, in his place, if he had to serve as a private When the election came on, the delegates were elected “unanimous ly” by about 150 votes out of about 15 or I, til>o, and strange j to say, ever}’ paper in the city, forgot to give the returns un til two days after; hud it been an election for bailiff', with | Whig and Democratic candidates, either side would have ! hailed it ;is a party triumph. It was a little comical to see the ! Magistrates, two or three in number, with the poll Clerks. I sitting there waiting for votes. No crowd, not three persons around, no “knocks down and drags out,” no sticks, nor the usual paraphernalia of elections going on, only about half-do zen of the “faithful” on the ground, like an apple woman waiting for customers. l’er contra, see the thirst for ofliee in another light. The keeper of the Arsenal, Capt. Swinney, died a few weeks since. As soon as it was known he was dead, and long be fore- he was in his grave, there were, as l have heard, about four applicants for the ofliee, and 1 wish they may all get it, that's all. The Gas Company arc making rapid strides with their work. In almost every street large gangs of hands are em ployed laying down the pipes, which gives our city a lively appearance. The house for manufacture of the Gas is going up briskly, also. The calculation is to have the city lit with Gas on the 4th July night. I have my doubts as to wheth er it will be completed at that time. It is sad to say it, but northern men have nearly the whole of this work, even what our own mechanics can do; even the Iron lamp posts must come from the north! Some of our city fathers are like ma ny other citizens who live here, who think nothing can be done well, or as it should Ik-, unless it is done north of the Potomac. They are great for importing, and I should not be astonished if we, next year, imported the Mayor and Al dermen for the city of Savannah; also, a few judges. lawyers, doctors, Ac., Ac., for home consumption ? Why not, as well as bricklayers, carpenters, stone masons and builders ? I tell these men, the correct principle is to sustain the me chanics at home, even if it does cost a little more for work. It is better than to send abroad to those who have no interest or feeling with us. They pay the State of Georgia no tax, and don't care if the State of Georgia and its people would all slide into the Atlantic. But there are those, at home, who will sustain the mechanic, and the mechanic must, also, sus tain himself and insist upon his rights against all odd*. The “Savannah Volunteer Guards,” Capt. C. P. Rieh ardsone, intend paying a visit to Macon, for the purpose of spending the Ist of May, their 18th anniversary. They were organized in 1802, ever since which time they have sustained the corps as one of the best in the country. It was formerly commanded by the gallant Capt. Edwin F. Tat nall, under whom it has mustered on parade 121 men. His brother, Josiah Tatnall, of U. S. Navy, is still an Hon. mem ber of the Company. There are several old veterans who never miss a regular parade, and arc as enthusiastic in the success of the corps as young men. Among them Mr. Da vid Hell, who was a corporal on the first parade of the “ Guards’’ in 1802, and Mr. A. J. C. Shaw who joined sub sequently, and others who have “grown gray” in service.— All honor to these noble old veterans who may be called the fathers of the volunteer corps of old Georgia. Their exam ple is worthy of imitation by all patriotic young men. Yours truly, SEABOARD. A New Invention. —A new and valuable improvement in farming utensils, says the Perry county Democrat, is now being exhibited in this place by Jacob Stroop, Esq., formerly of this county, called the “ American Combination Plough.” The new feature in this plough is, that whilst the farmer is second ploughing or stirring his land, it sows the seed and harrows it under, all by the same operation, and that too with but little or no additional power. It can l*c readily changed from a seed sower to a dropping and covering corn or any other grain. The whole structure is and can be made at a very low price. Many of our farmers have ex amined it, and are generally of the opinion that it is one of the best farming implements introduced. Patent Hoops. —A machine has lately been invented for making hoops, which bids fair to do away the necessity of growing hoop poles hereafter. Any tough, strait-grained timber will answer the purpose. It is first sawed into square strips, the width desired for the hoop; these strips arc next turned round, like a hoc handle, and then slit through the centre. Each stick thus makes two half-round hoops. They are then steamed and bent. Casks hooped with them, pre sent an extra-neat appearance. The whole work is done by machinery. Just previous to setting them, it is necessary to wet -them in cold water. A specimen of these hoops was ex hibited at the late State Agricultural Show at Syracuse.— N. Y. Ag riculturalist. I 2l)t (Srorgin Ciliztn. L. P. W. ANDREWS, Editor. MACON, GA., APRIL 25, 1850. Cotton market. Prices have advanced 1-2 to 3-4 of a cent in this market, since the receipt of the late Foreign News. The receipts of Cotton at the different Ports have been 567,576 hales less than at the same time last year, and the stock on hand at la test dates 42,736 less. The total amount of cotton on hand and on shipboard not ck-aaed, is 543,988, against 586,724, same time in 1849. Fair cottons range here at from 11 1-2 to 11 3-4. FIRE RAGING Ilf SAVANNAH!! At the present writing, 9 A. M., this day, an extensive Fire is raging in Savannah! Teh-graphic dispatches announce that it broke out about 2 o'clock this morning, and that four or five blocks of buildings, west and south of the Market, have already been consumed. These blocks are bounded on two sides by Bough ton and Jefferson streets. Owing to the ne cessity of immediately going to press, we arc unable to give further particulars. may Day. “We shall probably have a lively time, in this city, on the ensuing Ist of May. On that day we are to have with us that veteran military Company, the “ Savannah Volunteer Guards,'’ Captain C. I*. Riciiardsone, who visit us on an anniversary pleasure excursion, and who will, of course, be received by our own excellent Volunteer compa nies and cordially welcomed to the hospitalities of the town. Besides, we may look for the usual honors to be paid to Mad ame Flora , by the May Queen of each Female School, and her liolyday worshippers. To her mandate—“bring flowers —bring flowers,” we presume the juvenile feminines and their young gallants will yield their accustomed ready obedience, ou the interesting occasion. OGLETHORPE CITY. We arc indebted to the Editor of the “Journal and Mes senger” for the following article, which he had intended for his last issue, but which was not prepared in season.— Ed. Georgia Citizen. Sale or Lots in Oglethorpe. —We learn from gentle men who attended the second side of lots in the new town of Oglethorpe last week, that there was quite a large concourse of persons present and that the lots were sold at from one hundred to five hundred per cent, higher than at the first sale in January last. Between thirty and forty lots were sold. The highest price was .-$350 and the average price a fraction under §2OO. At about 2 o'clock P. M. Mr. Cabiniss closed the sale and announced that he would dispose of no more lots either public or privately until the road was completed and the ears had arrived at the town. When this will be, we can not now certainly say. The late Reports of Mr. Reynolds, the President of the company, and of Mr. Holcomb, the En gineer, announced that the road will be open in ample time to convey tlie growing crop to market—say by the Ist of No i vember. The difficulty of procuring bands upon some of the contracts lias somewhat impeded the progress of the work and it is not probable now, that the road will be open much before the middle of December. The purchasers of lots however are making active preparations for the opening of business at that time. A number of houses have already been erected, and many of the lot holders are only waiting to procure brick and lumber in order to press forward their improvements with increased vigour. Several extensive Ware 1 liaises will be ! in readiness for the receipt of cotton even before the road is in 1 ! operation. Mr. Arnold, formerly of Lanier, has already a j fine stock of goods opened at the place. Two companies arc ; actively engaged in manufacturing brick in the vicinity of the town, and two large steam sawmills will be in successful op eration by the first of June. From all these indications we i are inclined to think that Oglethorpe is destined to be a for midable rival t) our own city, and that, to >, at no distant day. Brown’s Eccentric Progressive Power Press. Mr. A. 1). Brown, of Clinton, Ga., is the inventor of the new power press, of the above title, a model of which can now Ik* seen at the establishment of E. E. Brown, Esq., in this city. It is well adapted for pressing Cotton, Hay, Hemp, Tobacco, Ac., by Horse Power, and by using a wheel and pinion may bo made very compact, and answer admirably for pressing any other article, where great pressure is required in a small s|>ace. The annexed cut gives a side and longitudinal view of this Press : The frame and Bale Box is made in the usual manner of eot ton screws, the stock being composed of two upright pieces connected to the Pressure Block by screws or otherwise, and united, above, by a tie-block. The follower slides up and down between guides or cheeks on each side, which are made in any manner to guide the follower, in a perpendicular direction, to the bale-box. The follower and stock are raised up, when tlie bale is pressed, by a rope or chain, which is made fast to the frame, passing under the eccentric pulley over one sheave and under another small top sheave, thence to the capstan, where it winds round, the reverse way from the chain. Between the sides of the stock there is placed an eccentric pulley over which passes the chain which is secured at one end to a sta ple, in one of the transverse beams of the frame, and e A*nds to the capstan, under the sheave. The capstan is operated by power applied to the Lever, whieh, by winding the chain on the capstan, presses or draws down the stock, (at the same time unwinding the eliain or rope) and the follower down up on the cotton in the box. It is intended that the pulley, whieh is placed in the stock, on an eccentric, or nearer the periphery than the centre, shall make only one half of a revolution in pressing a bale of cotton. This “press is therefore a very ingenious combination of the Lever power of the capstan and the revolving eccentric pulley, whereby greater speed and small power is used at the commencement, and less speed and greater power as the compression proceeds. Mr. Brown is now prepared to sell the State County rights for this Press, except for Georgia, which State he will supply j himself, by selling single rights, and furnishing the materials 1 to all who may desire to purchase. The exact cost of the j Press he will be able to make public, as soon as he can ascer tain the expenses of a full set of irons for his machine. Planters interested in such improvements will do well to j call at E. E. Brown’s and examine the model. Northern Amusements:— Kidnapping young white girls, rapes, seductions, divorces and murders, seem to have become quite common amusements among the descendants of the Pilgrim Fathers, north of the Potomac. These are some of the fruits of the mongrel system of socialism, abolitionism and rascality which there finds favor with the “higher class es” of the community. We have no space to record one hundredth part of such incidents, even if we had the inclina tion. The Mechanics* Library.— The work c*r establish ing a Library, by the Mechanics’ Society of Macon, has been Commenced with flattering prospects. Already a consid erable subscription lias been obtained among the members themselves, and a committee lias been appointed to collect sub scriptions, in Money. Books, C'liarts and Philosophical Appa ratus, from the citizens at large. The intention of the Society is to make the Library accessible to the public on the most lib eral terms. For instance, a subscript ion of five dollars will entitle the subscriber to a family privilege,/er the year, to the Institution, and in that proportion of time for a larger sub scription. Thus, any gentleman who will make a donation in Money or Books to the Library, of SSO, will have ten years’ privilege to the same without further cost. The Librarv, moreover, will be a general one, not confined to Suieflee and | Mechanics, but adapted to the miscellaneous and general tea ; der. For those not able to give a subscription of $5, theft! will be a privilege, at a low rate on each volume loaned from the Library. As we are certified that the moral and intellectual improve ment of the members of the Society is the sole motive, in the formation of the Library, we cannot but hope that the efforts of the Society and its committee, will be crowned with sub stantial success. The following are the names of the gentle men appointed on the committee, to either of whom subscrip tions and donations may be made : C. P. Levy, David Toucey, A. F. Sherwood and Robert Findiey, Regular Members—andS.T. Chapman, James A, Nisbet, J. H. R. Washington and Geo. W. Fish,Esqs., Hon~ orary Members. Health of the C ity. —As tlie warm weacher approach es it becomes the duty of the Board of lk-alth to examine into, and report upon, all causes of disease, which may be found to exist, within the limits of the Corporation. And if the official gentlemen will honor us with a call, at the begin ning of their sanitary rconnoisance, we will guarantee to show them as nice a place for breeding ntusquiioes, malaria, fleas, Are., as they may wish to find on a summer's day, say nothing of a pig-sty, bard by, the iforous exhalations of which do not resemble the perfume of “ ottar of Ruses” or the fragrance of “Araby tlie blest,” by upwards of consider - ble! Do, gentlemen, step in, and we will point you to the spot where the “ stuff that fevers are made of” can be dis covered, even by a man Wind from birth ! All Calk and no Cider.- -Our Savannah Correnpond ent lightly touches a subject which should, we think, engage j tlie serious attention of every friend to southern rights and ! southern prosperity. We allude to his notice of the contract, by the city authorities of Savannah, with Northern me chanics, to put up the Gas Works now being erected in that city, while the mechanics of Savannah are overlooked, either as unkdful or unworthy. This is a common evil, how ever, in the South. Almost every branch of Mechanical business is made to suffer amongst us. by the preference giv en to Northern workmen. A genteel suit of clothing for ; our extra fashionable gentlemen can no where Ik* had, short ! of Broadway or Chesnut street, and so great “is this mania, | that it has become a regular business for New York and I Philadelphia Tailors, annually, to send out measurers to take ; the form and figure of Southern gentlemen, for wardrobe to be supplied from Northern shops and by Northern work men ! Our merchants, too, many of them, send to the North for their Handbills and Printed Cards; our Bankers get their blank bills of Exchange and Cheeks from the same quarter, and even the compiler of a valuable Georgia work—the “Sta tistics of Georgia”—had to go or send to New Y'ork, to have his work printed ! And yet many of these persons arc ’ the most red-mouthed demagogues in the land upon the ! subject of Southern rights, Southern Conventions and other ; political clap-traps of tin* day l They, forsooth, art* bold de i nouneers of Northern Fanaticism and Northern aggression, and, at the same time, are annually contributing large sums j to feed and fatten the worst enemies of Southern Institutions! It is high time, we think, that such nonsense should be done away with. If the South means to be independent of north ern power and influence, she should encourage her home manufactures, in every way possible. Her citizens and me chanics should be [latronized in preference to all others.- And he who does not do it, but who furnishes the sinew* of i war — money — to our northern enemies, as is done, in a I thousand ways, should never open his head in favor of sou th- rights and privilege*. It i* nothing but sheer hypocrisy and deserves the indignant rebuke of every true friend to i Southern prosperity and advancement. For what avails it, if we hold correct theories upon so vital a question, if our ” hole practice gives the lie to our profi-ssion ! For ourselwu we doubt that Southern man’s patriotism, who, as a matter of choice, sends to the North for articles of luxury or conveni ence, wli.eh can be made as well by our own a man is worse than a common traitor, inasmuch as he not only betrays his country, but gives “aid and comfort” to tlm enemy, in the most effective form, by furnishing him the means of carrying on a ruthless warfare against us. Ix*t no such man lie trusted. mmmmmmmmrnmmmmm 01 R BOOK TABLE. A friend has placed in our hands a copy of anew masonie work, from the pen of Charles Soot*. A. M., Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Mississippi entitled “ The Analogy of Ancient Cra ft Masonry to natural and rcccaled Religion with a portrait of the author's father, Edward Scott, Esq.— rhe work is a splendid quarto of 3tt<‘> pages from the press j of Lippincott fc Cos. of Philadelphia, and contains fifteen Lee tures on various subjects, of interest to the Fraternity as well as to the Literary and Christian reader. It comes highly ; recommended by P. G. M. Jnacph R. Chandler, and P. G. j M. James Page of Philadelphia, and by other distinguished | Masons of the country, and is doubtless a very valuable com mentary upon the ancient and honorable Craft and its peeu • liar mysteries and aaalogies. We regret however to notice some incongruities in a por tion of the work, as in I lecture XII, on the subject of the Resurrection. There is too much sectarian cant sprinkled t through this and one or two other Lectures to square with our notions of an Institution, where the Jew and Christian, Pagan and Mahometan can all sit down in a perfect brother hood of “faith, hope, and charity The introduction of such doubtful theological doctrines as the fall of man, the Trinity, vicarious atonement, future punishment. fre., we cannot but consider as blurs upon an otherwise excellent and 1 interesting work. With this exception; we can cheerfully recommend the “Lectures” to the mystic Fraternity, wherev er scattered abroad. The volume can be had, in this city, on application at Mr. Weed’s Hardware House to Mr. Joseph E. Wells. Price $2 a copy, in handsome binding. todey’s Lady's Book. -The May No. of this beau tiful monthly has been on our table for several days. It con- “v tains 22 Embellishments, and the usual amount of Letter press contributions, from the be-t authors. The story of “ Katharine Walton” increases in interest as it progresses. Fowler’s Works.- -We are indebted to the Publish ers, Messrs. Fowler & Wells, Clinton Hall, New York, for a full set of the “ Phrenological Journal” and “ Cold water Journal” for the year 1860, up to April inclusive. These are highly interesting and valuable works, which we would be glad to see more generally patronized by our community. The “ Home truths for home consumption which they in culcate, on the important subjects of mental philosophy, physi cal health and moral improvement, commend them to the special attention of Parents, Teachers and young men entering life. Trice of each work only 81 per annum, and published monthly. Subscriptions will be received at this office. The same publishers will shortly commence the publica tion of a monthly work, under the title of “ Student price $1 a year. M ill the publishers please mail us a copy of Roseli’s “ Chronic Diseases ? ” Merchant's Day Book. —Tfany body wants a spright ly and valuable Daily from New York, we would recom mend the “ Day Book” as one that will be sure to please. It is witty, spicy and well posted, in news matters. Also friendly in tone to the South ami its institutions. Saturday Evening Post . —We are never disappoint ed in opening this old established weekly. M T e always ex pect to find many choice and chaste gems of miscellaneous Literature, in its ample columns, and are so sure of being gratified that we go armed with the means of appropriating the same, whenever we sit down to its perusal. Deaeon A Peterson, Publishers, 66 South 3d street, Philadelphia, at $2 per annum. The Agriculturist:— Allen’s New-York ‘‘Agricultu rist” maintains its high character as a sound, practieal, and highly useful Journal, in the extensive range of agricultural