The Georgia citizen. (Macon, Ga.) 1850-1860, May 31, 1850, Image 1

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The Georgia citizen., May 31, 1850, Image 1

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Newspaper Page TextVOL. I, mis sjirassii is published, every Friday morning, in Macon, Ga. on the follow ing CONDITIONS : If paid strictly in advance - - $2 50 per annum. If not so paid - - - -3 00 “ “ Legal Adrertiseinents will be made to conform to the following pro visions of the Statute : Sales of I-and and Negroes, by Executors, Administrators and Guard ‘arfeAle required by law to be advertised in a public gazette, sixty ■lays previous to the day of sale. . These sales must be held on the first Tuesday in the month, between l he hours of ten in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at the tdourt House in the county in which the property is situated. The sales of Personal Property must be advertised in like manner for ty days. Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an Estate must be published forty ’days. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for Nave to sell Land and Negroes, must be published weekly for sou iXonths. Citations or Letters of Administration must be published thirty days —for Dismission from Administration, monthly , six months —for Dis hiissinn from Guardianship, forty days. Rules for foreclosure of mortgage, must be published monthly, for four months —for establishing lost papers, for the full space of three months —for compelling titles from Executors or Administrators where bond has been given by the deceased, the full spare of three months. Professional and Business Cards, inserted, according to the follow ing scale : For 4 lines or less per annum - - $5 00 in advance. “ 6 lines “ “ . 7 01) “ “ “10 “ “ “ - - §lO 00 “ “ Z.HT" Transient Advertisements will be charged Si, per square of 12 lines or less, for the first and 50 cts. for each subsequent insertion.— On these rates there will be a deduction of 20 percent, on settlement, tv hen advertisements are continued 3 months, without alteration. ffy All letters except those containing remittances must be post paid or free. Postmasters and others who will act as Agents for the “Citizen” ; may retain 20 percent, for their trouble, on nil cash subscriptions for- 1 warded. OFFICE on Mulberry Street, East of the Floyd House and near the Market. €\)t left's Comw, IDOLS OF LODE, No. 2. * THRENODY. (.1 Lament on the Death of my little Boy.) BY T. 11. CUIVERS, M. I). “I will complain in the bitterness of my soul-” —Job vii. 11. All! gnzul-oyed was my Tommy, Tommy, Death hits early slain, Tommy taken early from me ! AVh* we sweet life did so become me, That his death doth now consume me— Parching up my heart with pain! All ! gazel-eyed was my Tommy— Never coming back again! llow I miss him in the summer, Summer of the Goldi n Grain— Hummer w hen the dove doth murmur For the mate that is torn from her— Sighing out to each new comer All her heart’s melodious pain ! Waiting all the livelong summer For his c tilling book again ! Early frosted Flower of Aiden, Aidcn w here there is no pain Aiden where the soul lives laden With the joys that are unladen— Saintly Lily, infant maiden, Ada of my heart of pain! Tliou art with him now in Aiden— Never coming back again! Ah ! the world was desolated, Desolated with the slain ! Desolated, damned, death-fated— Buried with him, desecrated— Dismal, doleful, doubly hated By my soul doomed no,v to pain ! It would all be renovated At his coming back again. Like the glorified Orion, Blest Orion who was slain ! Bright Orion who lives high on High Eternity’s NJountZiou — So my little Christ did die on This dark Calvary of pain ! Like the glorified Orion— Never corning back again ! For the Georgia Citizen. REVE.VLIN'GS OF SADNESS. Oh! dread is the power that cheeks our joy When it gushes heart-glad’ning and free, That darkens our sky with clouds of despair,* In the moment and hour of glee. I’ve sat and listen'd to the moaning wind, As it wander'd my rose branches through— Despoiled of their summer beauty and grace, By Antnnm's frost-bliglit and mildew. Anl thoughts were awaken'd too deep for the ear, Too saddening for picture or pen, In depths where none but the spirit doth see Waves on that shore e’er hid from our ken. Brief visions of life in palace and hall, Where soft music and wine floxveth free— Where lips wearing smiles doth vainly conceal The misery that haunts us in glee. Yon cottage, all lone on desolate moor, * Beameth bright with the sunshine of love, For its light hath made those poor peasants one, And points to bliss never ending above. Oh! life hath many a tale to impart Os beauty and grandeur brought low, Os rare gifted minds that slowly decay ’Neath fires that on the soul's altar glow. There was one who now trips o'er mem'ry's page, As I knew her in sweet days of yqpth ; Ere her eye lost its light, her cheek its bloom, Quenched in sorrow and bitter untruth. Oh! glad xvas her voice in her father's hall, A soul yielding music, and love, A beam that chased away sadness and care, As if wafted from fountains above. She dreamt not of sorrow, hut Oh ! it fell With a weight that crushed that fair flower, From one whose arm should have sheltered front ill Each bli>ssom in love’s holy bower. Thus passes the gay and lovely from earth, Alas! that olden proverb holds strong— That bright eye and smile, the dark birth foretells Os fast coming misery and wrong. But my Muse is sad as winds in the pine, Fitly mourning near my rose-screened door— The chords of fter lyre are jarring and wild, As seeking their last echoes to pour. Oh ! why thus distrusting, and sad my soul, hen the dawning of youth’s sky is bright ? I>"th visions prophetic thy future shroud In the shadow of evil and blight ? Gh ! tell me doth not the spirit's far wing Bring us warnings of sorrows to come ? Have others not felt its shadowless form Bring a gloaming like day without sun? But awake from thy gloom, oh, weary heart! Life's turbid waves will waft thee to peace, Through clianges and storms let Faith guide thy bark, She'll moor thee where earth's troubles cease. Cotton Valley, Ala. 11. W. O. igritnltott, ffinmtfattea, &r. The State of Georgia. EXTRACT FROM MR. STEPHENS’ SPEECH, In the House of Representatives, on the Census Bill. Mr. Stephens said— It has been said that the objection to this measure is a sectional one. that the South is opposed to it because the statistics will exhibit her disadvantages. I allude to this simply to repel the imputation in the most direct, emphatic, and positive terms. At least, I can speak for myself and my State. Ido not shrink from a comparison of that State with any State in the 1 nion, in all the elements and resour ces of industry and prosperity which give wealth, dignity and power to a people. Georgia, it is true, was the youngest of the old thirteen States that formed the Union. At that time she was the weak est ot the fraternal band. Twelve years have not yet passed since the last remnant of the aborigines were removed from her limits, and since she had complete jurisdiction over her entire domain. Os course the comparison would he with great odds against her if matched against Massachusetts, New York, or Virginia, which were wealthy and power ful communities before the infant colony of Georgia was planted in the wilderness. Boston, New York, and Richmond, were nearly as old as Georgia now is when Oglethorpe tirst landed at Savannah. But notwithstanding all this, I will not shrink from the comparison, let it be instituted when and where it may. The gentleman from Pennsylvania has told us of the iron and coal of that ancient and renowned Com monwealth. Georgia too, let me tell that gentle man, lias her beds of coal and iron, her lime, gyp sum aud marl; her quarries of granite and marble. She has inexhaustable treasures of minerals, inclu ding gold, the most precious of metals. She has a climate suitable for the growth and culture of almost every product known to husbandry and agriculture. A better country for wheat and corn and all cereal plants, to say nothing of cotton and tobacco, is not to be found in an equal space on this continent.— There, too, grow the orange, the olive, the t ine and the lig, with forests of oak and pine sufficient to build and mast the navies of the world. She has mountains for grazing, livers for commerce, and wa terfalls for machinery of all kinds without number. Nor have these great natural advantages and re sources been neglected. Young as -he is she is now the first cotton-growing State in the Union. Her last year’s crop will not fall short of six hundred thousand bales, if it does not exceed it. She has I believe, thirty-six cotton factories in operation, and a great many more hastening to completion—one of them has, or soon w ill have, ten thousand spindles, w ith two hundred looms capable of turning out eight thousand yards of cloth per day. Her yarns are already finding their way to the markets of the North and foreign countries; and the day is not dis tant when she will take the lead in the manufacture, as well as the production of this great staple. She has also her flour mills and paper mills—her forges, founderies and furnaces, not with their tiles exting uished, as the gentleman from Pennsylvania said of some in his State; but in .full blast. Her exports last year w ere not less than thirty millions of dollars, equal to, if not greater than those of all New Eng land together. She has six hundred and fifty miles of railroad in operation, at a cost of fifteen millions of dollars, and two hundred more in the process of construction. By her energy aud enterprise she has scaled the mountain barriers and opened the way for the steagi car, from the Southern Atlantic ports the waters of the great valley of the AYest. But this is not all. She has four chartered universities —nay five, for she has one devoted exclusively to the education of her daughters. She was the first State, I believe, to establish a female college, which is now in a flourishing condition, and one of the bright est ornaments of her character. She has four hun dred men pursuing a collegiate course; a greater number, I believe than any State in the Union in proportion to her white population. Go then and take your statistics, if you wish —you w ill find not only all these things to be so, but I tell you also what }ou will not find.* You will not find any body in that State begging bread or asking alms.— You will find but few paupers. You w ill not find forty thousand beings, pinched with cold and hun ger, demanding the 1 iglit to labor, as I saw it stated to be the case not long since in the city of New York. And when you have got all the information you want, come and institute the comparison, if you wish with any State you please; make your own selec tion, 1 shall.not shrink from it, nor will the people of that State shrink from it. Other gentlemen from the South can speak for their own States; I speak onfy for mine, and in her name and in her behalf, as one of her representatives upon this floor, I ac cept the gauntlet in advance, aud I have no fears of the result of a comparison of statistics, socially, morally, politically, w ith any other State of equal population in this confederacy. I know gentlemen of the North are in the habit of laying great stress upon the amount of their population, as if number was an index of national prosperity. If this princi ple were correct, Ireland should be considered one of the most prosperous countries in the world, notwithstanding thousands of her inhabitants die annually for the want of food. The whole idea is wrong. * That country has the greatest elements of prosperity where the same amoundtf human labor or exertion will procure the greatest amount of hu man comforts; and that people are the most pros perous, whether few or many, who possessing these elements, control them by their energy and indus try and economy for the accumulation of wealth. — In these particulars the people ot Georgia are infe rior to none in this or any other country. 1 hey have abundant reason to be content with their lot —at least no*, to look to you to better it. Nor have they any disposition to interfere with the affairs ot their neighbors. If the people of M.istachusetts, “Jnbqjcniicttt in all tljiugs—Neutral in Natljing.” MACON, GEORGIA, FRIDAY MORNING, MAY, 81, 1850. New York or Ohio, like their condition better, they are at perfect liberty to do so. Georgia has no-de sire to interfere with their local institutions, tastes or sentiments, nor will she allow’ them to interfere with Iters. All she desires is to let others alone and to be let alone by others, and to go on in her own wayrin the progress she has commenced prosperous and to prosper. Mr. Sweetser interrupted, and asked if the facto ries in Georgia had not been erected by Northern capital? Mr. Stephens said; No, sir, they were built by Georgia capital. And I will tell the gentleman more. The six hundred and fifty miles of Railroad now in operation, to which I have alluded, were built by Georgia capital. One hundred and thirty nine miles, from Atlanta to Chattanooga, on the Tennessee river, which is one of the greatest monu ments of the enterprise of the age, was built by the State. But her public debt is only a little over eighteen hundred thousand dollars, while that of the State of New York is over twenty millions, besides the fourteen millions owed by the city alone; and the debt of Pennsylvania is forty millions of dollars. The bonds of the State of Georgia are held mostly by her own people. You do not them haw ked about in Northern or foreign markets at a depreciation.— But they, as well as the Stocks and securities of the private companies, are held mostly by her own citi zens, and are commanding premiums at home. Paine’s Hydro Electric Light, By the following article, which we copy from the B<>ston Post, it w ill appear that Mr. Paitie’s discov ery of light from water, by mechanical action, is at last perfect: After a period of six years, employed in a series of experiments conducted upon the most philosophi cal principles, and continued with indefatigable per severance, Mr. Henry M. Paine, of Worcester, has completed bis “Magnetic Electric Decomposer,” an ingenious apparatus for evolving hydrogen and oxy gen gasses from water, by the agency of electricity, generated by mechanical means. The gasses thus obtained may be used for light, heat and motive power, and have already been practically tested for the two first named purposes, on a considerable scale, with wonderful effect. At his residence, on Tuesday evening, April 23, Mr. Paine exhibited the operation of his invention to a number of gentlemen in Boston aud Worcester, some of whom have had considerable experience in the gas business, and others have taken great inte rest in plans and projects, having in view the pro duction of artificial light at cheaper rates than it can be furnished by the means hitherto employed by gas manufacturers. Mr. Paine bad bis house brilliantly lighted up, although he used only one small burner for each room. The light was exceedingly strong and w hite, and so pure that the most delicate shades of blue and green in some colored prints could be ■ distinguished at a distance of several feet from the burner, (acommon gas burner,) which was supplied w ith gas from a pipe whose diameter did not exceed one quarter of an inch. At the same time that the light was being exhib- j ited, the mode of using the gas for heating was also ! shown. A small jet of pure hydrogen, between two 1 plates of iron, raised a few incites from the floor, w as i lighted, and in a few minutes an equal and genial heat J that was diffused throughout the apartment. Thus i the astonished party had the light and heat together, supplied from the same source Glow, and their ex pressions of admiration were unbounded; nor were they abated when they were led down into the cel lar to examine the exceedingly small machine by which the gas was made. The box containing it was ; about 18 inches square, ami Bin depth. We can- j not give the details of the interior of the machine. , but w ill simply state that, as its name indicates, it I evolves magneto-electricity by purely mechanical I action. From the above mentioned box there ran j flat copper w ires into the decomposing jar, which w as about two feet in height, and six or eight inches in diameter, and partly filled with water; in this jar, by the action of the electricity just spoken of, pure hydrogen gas alone was formed from the water, whence it passed into tw o gasometers or reservoirs, about the size of a barrel each. The pole, at w hich oxygen gas is liberated, on this occasion, passed in- I to the ground, so that hydrogen only was e* olved by the action of the machine. The process of car- j bonizing the hydrogen for illumination is exceeding- i ly simple, and was open to view. It is very cheap, j so much so, that Mr. Paine says that the cost of j carbonizing the gas he lias burned in his house in ; three burners every evening for a week, has not yet ; amounted to one cent. The hvdrogen is used for the general purposes of light and heat, and the oxy- | gen can also be secured in a second jar, and may be | used with the hydrogen to produce the “calcium i light” for light houses. Mr. Paine has also discovered a principle by which lie can regulate the quantity of electricity to be dis charged into the composing jar. ‘ A large machine has recently been perfected by Mr. Paine, of suffi cient power to supply three thousand burners w ith i gas. It is set up in the Worcester Exchange, and j only occupies a space of three feet square by six in i height. One cubic foot of water w ill make 2,100 feet of gas,.and a weight of 07 pounds, falling nine feet in an hour, will make, from this larger machine, 1,000 feet of gas. The apparatus can be applied to gas works of ally kind, and be used with any of the gas fixtures at present in fashion — Boston Post. A Wonder of Art—a Bridge of Tubes. One of the most extraordinary wonders of mod ern times is the “Britannia Bridge,” over the Menai Straits, the work of that celebrated engineer, Mr. R. Stephenson. It consists of two immense w rought iron arcades, tunnels or tubes, each more than a quarter of a mile in length, placed side by side, through w hich the up and down trains of railroad cal’s respectfully pass. The ends of these tubes rest on abutments, the intermediate portion being supported across the Straits by three massive and i lofty stone towers. The centre tower stands on a J rock, which is covered by the tide at high water. 1 The side-towers stand on the opposite shores, each at a distance of 450 feet from the centre tower. — The abutments are situated inland at a distance 230 feet from the side-towers. The bridge is divi ded into four spans, viz: the two small spans at each end, which are over the land, and are 230 feet wide, and the two principal spans, which are over the water, and w hich are each 400 feet wide. The length of one of the large tubes is 482 feet. The , height of the tubes is not the same at all parts of their length. It is greatest in the centre, where it is thirty feet outside, and diminishes gradually to wards the ends, at which it is only twenty-two feet nine inches. The top forms a regular arch, and the bottom is quite straight and horizontal. The in- ternal width from side to side is fourteen feet, though the clear space for the passage of the trains is but thirten feet five inches. The weight of the wrought iron in one of the largo tubes, and this will afford the reader an adequate idea of the structure, is about 1000 tons. The weight of the w hole eight tubes amount to nearly 10,000 tons.- Each tube was built on the shore, and had to be transported a considerable distance on large flat-bottomed, close barges, callet,! pontoons. The middle tower is sixty two feet five inches at the base, and its total height from the bottom of the foundations is nearly 230 feet. It contains limestone and sandstone to the extent and weight of 20,000 tons, and there are 387 tons of cast iron built into it, in the shape of beams and girders. The whole is nearlv completed, and when the work shall be done, there will be two consecutive tubes forming the bridge, each upwards ot a quarter of a mile long, and each weighing | 5,000 tons. The entire length of the bridge at rail level is 1,841. It is stated that a very remarkable phenomenon is connected with the mass of iron in the bridge, caused by the changes of temperature in the weather, which affect it like a thermometer. Alternate sunshine and showers of rain cause the tubes to expand and contract. Great Newspaper Tress.—ln the press lately invented by Messrs. Hoe A Cos., on two of which the Philadelphia Ledger is printed, the types are adjusted around a large cylinder, at every revolu tion of w hich, four small cylinders connected with it, give off tour impressions of the paper. They are now building fur the New York Sun, a press with eight of the small cylinders, which give oft’eight impressions at a revolution, and at a slow speed will produce 20,000 impressions in an hour. The ma chinery delivers the sheets, hut it requires a person at each cylinder to put them in. From the Journal & Messenger. New York, May 1.3t1i, 1850. Messrs Editors: —l am pleased to see that you are taking great interest in the question of Plank Roads. The subject is attracting great attention in all the middle and Northern States, and the improvement is fast becoming the most popu lar one of the clay. Hie only serious objection, hitherto urged by the opponents oi the system at the South, is based upon the durability of the timber. They contend that in our climate the lumber will rot so soon, that it will be impossible to keep the roads in re pair and make them pay. Thus far it has been impossible to answer the objection, because we have had no experience— no facts upon which to base any opinion. I am happy to inform you and others interested in the ques tion, that Capt. Hi 11 house, formerly a superintendent of Pub lic \\ orks in Georgia, has solved the question very conclu sively and satisfactorily. Seventeen years since, he construct ed a Plank Road in Wilkes county, one mile in length, of pine plank 12 feet long 3 inches thick. Within the last month he hail the curiosity to examine it. in company with some friends, who also felt desirous of knowing, and lie found about one third of the plank still in a sound slate, lie gives it as his opinion, that a road of heart pine, properly constructed, would remain in a state fit for use, more than twenty years ! \\ e all know Capt. llillhouse, and I can add nothing to his reputation, by saying that he is a man of judgment and ver acity, and that his statement puts to flight all doubts upon the question of durability of planks laid upon the ground, in the open air. Your obedient servant, Joux G. Winter. Improvement on Saddles. —Mr. George Fisher has j invented a very excellent improvement on riding saddles, which will enable the equestrian to ride the “flying courser,” with a great deal more ease and pleasure than with the old kind of saddles’and will also be easier for the animal. The improve n.cnt consists in having the seat of the saddle porta ble, or capable of being detached from the pad, (the old ones arc fastened,) and bv constructing the inside of the seat on both sides, and the surface of the pad, in such a way that coiled or eliptical springs may be placed between the seat and the pad, thus preventing jolting and jarring, by graduating the irregularity of action, and enabling the rider to sit and enjoy a gentle and easy motion on horseback. Measures have been taken to secure a patent.— Sci. Amer. North Alabama and Savannah —We had yester- ; day the pleasure of conversing with Mr. Patterson, a merchant of* Decatur, North Alabama. Mr. P. is almost the pioneer of business relations between this place and that region. He j brings for himself and friends nearly 500 bales of cotton to this market, taking back supplies. This cotton was received at j Decatur, (which town is 200 miles below Chattanooga, just ! above the “ Muscle Shoals,") principally from the counties of Morgan and Lawrence. A small part of it came front Elk river. J leretofore this cotton went to Florence, below the Muscle Shoals, and theuce to New Orleans. Now, since the State Road is opened to Chattanooga, the tide is turned the other way, and the trade of Decatur is increased twofold be yond the last season. Os the 200,000 hales made in North Alabama, Mr. Patterson estimates that one-half will hence forth come to the Atlantic markets. During the season just passing, about 3,000 bales have been sent up in boats from Decatur alone. During the previous season, only 300 to 400 bales were sent. From Decatur to Knoxville is 400 miles of navigation.— Nino steamboats are now engaged between these two points, and three new ones are being made at Pittsburg. One boat, the Jas. Jackson, of the capacity of 1,000 bales of cot ton, 185 feet long, passes through ‘‘‘the suck” and other ob structions between Decatur and Chattanooga, without the aid ol tow lines. They go from Memphis to Washington City , (via Decatur) in seven days. When the Memphis road is 1 done, the time will be reduced to five days. Our citizens will i find it a most agreeable excursion to go to Chattanooga, and thence to Decatur and Knoxville. Boats ply daily between Chattanooga and Decatur most of the year. Taking the boat at 2 P. M., you arrive at Decatur the next morning.— Sav. Rep. The Secret of Longevity.—The means known, so far, of promoting longevity, have been usually roncentrated in short, pithy sayings—as, “Keep your head cool, and your feet warm”—“Work much, and eat little,” etc., just as if the whole science of human life could be summed up and brought out in a few words, while its great principles were kept out of sight. One of the best of these sayings is one given by an Italian in his hundred and sixteenth year, who being asked the means of his living bo long, replied with that improvisa tion for which his country is remarkable: “ When hungry, of the best I eat, And dry and warm l keep my feet; I screen my head from sun and rain. And let few cares perplex my brain.” The following is about the best theory of the matter: Eve ry man is born with a certain stock of vitality, which cannot be increased, but may be husbanded. With this stock he may live faster slow—may live extensively or intensively— may draw his little amount of life over a large space, or nar row it into a contracted one; but when this stock is ex hausted, he has no more. He who lives extensively, drink.- pure water, avoids all inflammatory diseases, exercises sufficient ly but not too laboriously, indulges no exhausting passions, feeds on do exciting material, pursues no debilitating pleas ures, avoids all laborious and protracted study, preserves an easy mind, and thus husbands his quantum of vitality—will live considerably longer than he otherwise would do, because he lives slow; while he, on the other hand, who lives intense ly—who beverage's himself on liquors and wines, exposes himself to inflammatory diseases or causes that produce them, labors beyond his strength, visits exciting scenes and indulges exhausting passions, lives on stimulating and highly seasoned food, is always debilitated by his pleasures. (Original For the Georgia Citizen. “THE PATRIOT DEAD:” A RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW. My dear Sir :—I have just read in an old No. of the “Philadelphia -finerican and Gazette,” a Poem with the above title, which the Editor says is in the Anapaestic measure, after the manner of Tyrteus, ap propriate to the patriot Elegy, Ac. it is absolutely astonishing with what presump tion some people will talk about that of which they know so little. That Dr. Percival was ever “regard ed by many of our best scholars a- having been more successful than any American writer, living or dead,in his imitations of the Ancient Classics,” is, perhaps, in a certain sense, possible, as “many of our best scholars” know just precisely nothing at all about the subject. That he is a “ successful imita tor” of that sublime genius of Greece, our very knowledge of his deficiency in music—-an Art of which the Grecian was a master—prepares us to de ny. Then what glory can any man receive from be ing the “ imitator ’ of another? The fact is, Dr. Percival’s mind is deficient in the perfect cognition of the harmonies of tilings, lie is lamentably de ficient in the power to arrange, in his own mother tongue, a concatenation of syllables which will in tonate melodiously on the ear, as can be proven by scanning these very verses—that is, he cannot so harmonize his syllables into poetic feet that they will read themselves. That this is not a very easy thing to do, in many kinds of verse, may be admit ted, without, at the same time, admitting that it is so in the kind ot'Aorse, which he ha-*chosen—name ly, what the Editor of the “Philadelphia Ameri can’’ calls the “Anapaestic.” He is not only deficient in this respect, (which is just the same as to say that he has no ear for music,) but is also deficient in that beautiful knowledge of harmony which con sists in the Art of melodiously placing, at proper in tervals, in the various portions of his verse, the cccsu ral pause. It is by knowing bow to vary <he har monic caesura 1 pause in the verse, which constitutes its melody, that monotonv, w hich is so tiresome to the ear in many long poems, is prevented. This can be seen by scanning the very verses under consider ation. Tyrtreus was not only a Poet, but a warrior and musician. The Soldiers paid him the greatest hon ors. Previous to going to war, they were always summoned before the King’s Tent to listen to his war-like songs. Thucydides says that when the Lacedemonians went into battle, it was the practice to play soft music for the purpose of preventing their courage from becoming too impetuous; but, that, on one occasion, when the dav was going against them, Tvrtaeus, who was acting the part of a M usician, quitted the soft Lydian mode and began j to play in the Phrygian, which so reanimated the j retiring troops that they returned to the charge j and gained the victory. But to return to the ver- i ses. The verse of the Poem is monocolon—acatalec tie —with the ceasura at the end of the line alter nately. The follow ing line is anapaestic: “In the si- | lence of night | and in sol- | emn array | by the glim- | iner of tor- | ches is wheel- | ling.” / . 1 have said that this line is anapiestic, because it is nearly so —that is, it approaches it as nearly as any of the rest. The word glimmer is a pyrrhic and ought not to have been used. Now lead the next line: “Majestic, the funeral train, on it* way, and its mnsic is plaintively stealing.” W ill any body tell me that this is an anapaestic line ? It begins with an amphibrach, and, in the relation which it Gars to the line to which it is coupled, is—Gatalectic. The next two lines are equally deficient. But thi sis not all. It is one thing to understand the Ar tistieal skill necessarv to the construction of a poem, j and another the kind of material best adopted to that superstructure. Why should any Poet, wri ting an Elegy in “imitation” ot’Tyrtaeus, or any body else, make a funeral train “teheel'’ in “ the silence of the night,” by the glimmer of torches,and that, too, in solemn array ? Did any body ever hear of the like ? The “ wheeling ” would do well enough in a Patriotic Poem, provided it was describing any act of the “train''’ that required “ wheeling ;” but here the ; Poet solemnly assures us that the ‘J funeral train ” is “on its tray" —that is, a funeral procession is going to deposite the cinerary urn of the deceased in his sepulchre. The following line is neither anapsestic, verse nor melodious prose. The fact is, it is no rhythm at all. “Spear and buckler secured, slow the army moves on, Its stanilanl* and banners low trailing.” S There is not a man in the world who can read this line as an anapaestic, without giving a false accent to nearly half the words in it. But this is not the only palpable fault in the Po em. What likeness is there between the “far-echo ed roar of the ocean” and “one faint hoilow mur mur” Os “the funeral train?” Is the “far-echoed roar of the ocean” a “faint hollow murmur Is it possible that the writer was never at sea ? The follow ing line will give the intelligent reader some idea of the Author’s rhythm: “Light and Mill glide their steps, and inuninon all Attend to their solemn emotion.” These remarks are not made to detract, in the least, from the well-earned reputation of 1 >r. Perci val, —who ought to he admired only for his pro found erudition, —but to rebuke that self-complacen cy which arrogates to itself the ability to see that in a man whicli he never saw in himself. Yours, very truly, T. 11. C. [For the Georgia Citizen.] Loaves from a Portfolio. LEAF XI. Knowledge.—However distant happiness and prosperity may hover from our embrace, there is, surely, nothing that will sooner place them within our grasp and possession than knowl edge. It is an acknowledged power which indubitably sways the minds of millions of mankind. Bulwer has said: “Be neath the rule of men entirely great, the pen is mightier than the sword.” Knowledge dcvelopes the most latent powers of the mind, and fills the heart with w isdom beyond the rcaeh of human aggrcetion. I? makes its inheritor the most indepen dent and the most envied. The philosopher who told Alex ander to stand from between him and the tun, w hen Alcxan- der proffered to aid him, is a true example of the indepen dency of knowledge. Knowledge disseminates among man kind those principles, when adopted, which are beneficial in 1 every degree to the inter-sts and happiness of humanity here and hereafter. There is no poverty so degraded as the de pravity of the mind ; and ignorant men are poor if they have I coffers of gold. It is well known that the fame ,nf nations ; where knowledge is spread, is lasting nnd undying. Greece and Italy were the famous seats of learning in ancient times, | and although their dominions have been seized upon by stron ger arms than theirs, the fame of their know ledge baa never been wrested from them. From the fate of these republics we can appreciate tire benefit of knowledge. Whatever mundane possessions we obtain can be translated from us through misfortunes and various other causes; but knowl edge can only depart with life. It is the noblest possession of man, and as much enhances his worth, as the diamond adds to the value of a golden jewel. Wherever there exists the greatest diffusion of intelligence there is found the least crime, and were there an education given to every child, there would be little need for poor houses or prisons in our land. SENECA. Leaf xii. Lenity. —lf there ever was a virtue more godlike in man, than lenity, we own to have never seen it. The natures and habituated dispositions of mankind arc so materially different that we seldom see this transcendant virtue displayed. And thus the poet thought when he said, “Man's inhumanity to man Makes countless thousands mourn.’’ In all our walks of life, be they ever so complicated, we feel j there is no room in our bosoms for misanthropy, w hen wo meet with lenient treatment from those we have inadvertent 'ly injured by our unguarded acts or speech. When error has misguided our reason, the lenient advice of a friend spreads “ An instant sunshine through the heart,'’ rfind gladdens us with unexpected kindness. If all men were cruel, and their whole aitn was to oppress and punish their erring fellow men, what boon would life have worth living to attain ? Cruelty, however, has not the predominance over t!ie wise, because in their breasts there gushes, spontaneously, forth a lucent spring of benevolence. 1 lie most inveterate and most dreaded enemies of somo men. have been made firm and unflinching friends by the ex hibition of kindness of heart. There are many little courte sies if displayed towards your adversaries, which go far to ; wards reconciling their animosity, and go to the same extent iin proving to them our real feelings oflenitv. It is well known that a kind word or action will redound more to our honor, and place us nearer the attainment of our wishes, than ex pressions of unkindness and blows unto others. It is a sol emn duty, and an obligation we are under both to God and man to be lenient in our punishments and judgments when an opportunity is before us, to do so. If we are not naturally : disposed to be lenient let us strive to be so, for a great philos , opher lias said : “ The greater the evil, the greater the virtu© j in overcoming it.” SENECA. Cortfsponitenff. LETTER from Ga. | LaGhan-ge, Geo., May 2*2,1850. Traveller* with Trunks” and Travellers with Saddle bags—their altered position—Union Point Hotel—Atlan ta Hotel—" The triple Alliance ,” or Peters\ Remans $ Ellsworth's turtle pond Coashes. Dear Doctor :—A few years ago a witty vendor of “hog and liomony” in Georgia, used to classify his guests by tho j name of “trunk traveller*” and “saddle-bag travellers,” and always directed “John” to be lively and pert whenever any of | the first class made tlreir appearance. But times are sadly alter ed—l belong to that “large and respectable” class of tr unk travellers. \\ e start by note of a whistle or bell, or yell of a ; cross stage driver; we stop to dine when interest or the con venience of someone or all of the proprietors directs ; this i is often (so often that the exception is only enough to make it a rule) at an unseasonable b< >ur, and then such, dinners! Oh, j that we had an organ to represent ou - interests and to tell the ; world a half only of our sufferings. But alas we are never : beard of except it be on an occasion of some outrage so gross j as to delude the sufferers for a moment into the belief that an advertisement of the fact will perfectly annihilate the aggres : s.rs, and then, poor innocents, they get together and write a denunciatory “Cord.” This they will hand to the editor of a paper published in the town where the denounced line ter minates. But “for a consideration - ’ he consents to print it. It is stuck in the corner in small type, where if it is ever seen it is never read through. The “saddle-bags traveller” rises when he pleases, stops w herAnd where he pleases, gets as good as the taverns affrJ. because they have generally got so bad that ihe “proprietors'’ hardly think it worth while to make any distinction ; besides, he can make it convenient to happen at a private house at about the right hour for putting up. and then the saddle-bag man has good oorn bread, fresh eggs, butter and milk, all of which the trunk man only dreamt about. But to the facts. Who tliat lias passed over the Georgia Bail Road within the last two years, has not a feeling recollec tion of Union Point “Supper House?” Was ever such a hole dignified with a name before ? Supper house ! indeed. Imagine a lonar, low, dark, dingy, dirty weather boarded shed stuck in the fork of the Roads, where the Athens Branch “switehs into” the Georgia Road. In this pen is erected a counter in the shape of an elipse, which is about eighteen inches wide, and is just up to a medium sized Lady's imee. Around this counter the mourners are expected to stand and try to satisfy the cravings of an appetite whetted by dining at half past 11 o’clock at Griffin. And now the supper : A cup of muddy coffee will be stuck at you by a running negro , who never stops to answer inquiries or to bring the sour milk and three cent N. O. sugar, but leaves you (knowing yon are on your feet) to wait on yourself. After you have fixed this mixture the thing that calls himself proprietor, (who I believe has made in tliis way some 60 negroes) comes along and very pompously asks if any one will have a piece of the venison steak? Every body jumps at the startling announcement. Venison steak in such a place! Shades of “Florence f* and “Sherwood, and Fisher!” the memory of your suppers must satisfy our wild hopes—the venison was spoilt ‘long ago,’ and now would knock any body over but those who are used to it. We turn with disgust from butter so raneid that it would take the skin off of ihe tongue—the biscritt is raw and w'e liave to give it up. By the time we get around the elip tic counter, we encounter the burley proprietor (L n) who cooly holds out liis hand, takes a lialf a dollar and bland ly smiles when you curse him and his suppers. In returning from Augusta you breakfastat Thompson** ” Atlanta Hotel,” who makes up for keeping a bad house generally, with his wit and one good dish only, that is his breakfast roll, or “biscuit,” as he calls it. At 12 M. you dine at Griffin and take the Turtle line for Opelika, via this place The fare is 10 1-2 cents per mile, and we move over the road at about three miles pc r hour, that is to say, I was near 14 hours coming from Griffin to this place, when in the good old times of opposition it was always done in 8 hours and at the price of of S cents per mile. This price of staging has made the pro prietors a fortune. Five stages are frequently run out full of passengers at the above exhorbitant fare. It k divided into sections. Tctcrs owns from Griffin to two miles this side of Greenville, Bar,an thence to ‘ Long Cane, and Ellsworth from Long Cane to Opelika. The last named gentleman. I happy to learn, still makes about six mike per hour, and is dis satisfied with the snail pace of his partners. Hc#ko still h.” NO. 10.